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Rahmani G, McNamara D. 1916-2016: a centenary of publications. Ir J Med Sci 2017; 187:453-459. [PMID: 28852981 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-017-1671-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Last year, the centenary of the 1916 Easter rising in Ireland was marked by a commemorative programme organised by the Irish government including both historical and cultural events. The main themes of these events were remembering the past, celebrating Irish achievements and imagining our future. Reviewing the medical literature offers an insight into a century of achievement and change in Irish medicine, captured from the unique perspective of Ireland's oldest medical journal. This manuscript examines papers published during the last 100 years of the Irish Journal of Medical Science, specifically examining the most cited paper from each year. The majority of top cited papers originate in Ireland (77%) with Trinity College Dublin the commonest institution (n = 12) and obstetrics the most common specialty (n = 9). The average number of citations per article was 20.56 (SD ± 22.36; range 1-118) and the article with most citations was 'Coagulative properties of cancers' published in 1958 by O'Meara et al. The mean number of citations for the top cited publication each year has increased over time. The journal continued to publish even amidst backgrounds of war and civil unrest and represents an important cultural artefact that deserves our ongoing support.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Rahmani
- Department of Surgery, Beaumont Hospital, Beaumont Road, Dublin, 9, Ireland
| | - D McNamara
- Department of Surgery, Beaumont Hospital, Beaumont Road, Dublin, 9, Ireland. .,Royal College of Surgeons, Dublin, Ireland.
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Astedt B, Mattsson W, Tropé C. Treatment of advanced breast cancer with chemotherapeutics and inhibition of coagulation and fibrinolysis. ACTA MEDICA SCANDINAVICA 2009; 201:491-3. [PMID: 899870 DOI: 10.1111/j.0954-6820.1977.tb15735.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A case of advanced breast cancer with cerebral metastasis and pleurisy is reported in which irradiation and cytostatics had failed to retard progressive growth and spread of the tumour. Adjuvant therapy with heparin combined with the fibrinolytic inhibitor tranexamic acid was followed by regression of the cerebral metastasis as well as the pleurisy. When last seen one year later, the patient was free from symptoms.
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THORNES RD, MARTIN WT. The cytopathic effect of fibrinolytic agents and human placental fractions on hela cells. Ir J Med Sci 2008; 431:487-94. [PMID: 13921045 DOI: 10.1007/bf02953743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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CLARKE N. INTRACELLULAR LOCATION OF TISSUE THROMBOPLASTIN AND POSSIBLE RELATION TO FIBRIN DEPOSITS IN HUMAN NEOPLASMS. Nature 1996; 205:608-10. [PMID: 14298549 DOI: 10.1038/205608a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Abstract
Cancer procoagulant is a unique cysteine proteinase. The enzyme has been purified by several procedures and many of its characteristics and enzymatic properties have been determined. Several sensitive and reproducible assays are now available. Many proteinase inhibitors have been evaluated for their effect on CP; most low molecular weight inhibitors work well in a reduced environment. In the foreseeable future, protein and gene sequence information, expression vectors, molecular probes, and highly specific antibodies and inhibitors should provide the research tools to delineate a functional understanding of CP at the molecular and cellular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- S G Gordon
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado, Health Sciences Center, Denver 80262
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Falanga A, Gordon SG. Isolation and characterization of cancer procoagulant: a cysteine proteinase from malignant tissue. Biochemistry 1985; 24:5558-67. [PMID: 3935163 DOI: 10.1021/bi00341a041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Cancer procoagulant, a proteolytic procoagulant enzyme, has been purified from rabbit V2 carcinoma extracts by two procedures. In the first, the protein was purified by benzamidine--Sepharose affinity chromatography, gel filtration chromatography, and phenyl-Sepharose hydrophobic chromatography. Antiserum was raised against the purified protein and was used to prepare an immunoadsorbent column. In the second, tumor extracts were purified by immunoaffinity chromatography followed by p-(chloromercuri)benzoate affinity chromatography. The second procedure was substantially quicker and easier. The final product of both procedures was homogeneous on the basis of analytical sodium dodecyl sulfate--polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and isoelectric focusing. The molecular weight was 68 000 and the isoelectric point 4.8. The proteinase activity of cancer procoagulant directly activated factor X, in the absence of factor VII, and was inhibited by 1 mM iodoacetamide and 0.1 mM mercury which are classic cysteine proteinase inhibitors. A carbohydrate analysis showed less than 1 mol of hexose or sialic acid/mol of protein. The amino acid analysis showed that serine (19.1%), glycine (18.77%), and glutamic acid (12.5%) were the prevalent amino acids. The amino acid composition of cancer procoagulant was substantially different than other known factor X activating proteinases or other cysteine proteinases including cathepsin B.
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Ito R, Statland BE. Selected Hemostatic Abnormalities Associated with Neoplastic Disease. Clin Lab Med 1982. [DOI: 10.1016/s0272-2712(18)31032-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Jakob W, Zipper J, Jentzsch ED. Is the formation of fibrin a necessary event for the initiation of angiogenic responses in the chick chorioallantoic membrane? EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 1982; 21:251-62. [PMID: 6180926 DOI: 10.1016/s0232-1513(82)80040-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Millipore filters belong to number of solid materials which interact with the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) and frequently initiate local edemas sometimes accompanied by vascular responses. We observed that such reactions can completely be prevented by coating Millipore filter pieces with hydrophilic polymers (e.g. polyvinylpyrrolidone dextran) or by hydrophobic substances as liquid paraffin and vaseline. Protease inhibitors (Contrikal, epsilon-aminocaproic acid) did not prevent such reactions but increased the incidence of vascular responses. By assaying several blood components we found a relationship between the initiation of vascular responses in the CAM and the process of blood clotting. If small amounts (5 to 10 microliter) of citrated bovine or human plasma arae dropped on the CAM angiogenic responses occur as good as regularly. They are also initiated if the plasmas are recalified and small fibrin fragments are placed on the CAM. Chicken plasma, however, regularly induced such responses only in combination with bovine serum or following application of (or treatment with) fibrinolysis inhibitors. We conclude that the formation of a stable extravascular plasma clot with reduced susceptibility to fibrinolysis could be the most important precondition for the initiation of vascular responses, and that all materials, substances or biofactors capable of activating the clotting cascade should also have the capacity to induce angiogenic responses.
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Abstract
During the decade 1970-9 we investigated circulating fibrin monomers in 3293 patients. Fibrinaemia was determined by means of the ethanol gelation test (EGT). This was positive in 149 patients (4.5%) and was highly correlated with fibrogenal fibrin products. In many diseases the test was only transiently positive (1 or 2 days). However in patients with circulating fibrin monomers, demonstrable for more than 5 days (chronic fibrinaemia) malignant disease was associated in 63%. Chronic fibrinaemia occasionally preceded overt malignancy by a long period. Overall, only 10.8% of patients with malignant disease showed chronic fibrinaemia. The clinical symptoms most often associated with chronic fibrinaemia were those of venous thrombosis (42.8%) and abnormal bleeding (10.7%). Thromboembolism in the absence of malignant disease only occasionally showed short-term positive EGT and chronic fibrinaemia was never seen. Almost half (46.5%) of patients with chronic fibrinaemia had neither thromboembolic disease nor a haemorrhagic diathesis.
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Talbot IC, Ritchie S, Leighton M, Hughes AO, Bussey HJ, Morson BC. Invasion of veins by carcinoma of rectum: method of detection, histological features and significance. Histopathology 1981; 5:141-63. [PMID: 7216178 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2559.1981.tb01774.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Histopathological material from operation specimens of rectal adenocarcinoma was reviewed and invasion of veins identified in 51.9% of 703 cases. The extent of venous invasion, thickness of the walls of invaded veins and various other histological features were examined in detail. By follow-up studies recurrence rates, incidence of distant metastases and corrected 5-year survival rates were obtained; correlation with the histopathological results showed that invasion of extramural and thick-walled veins is associated with a poor prognosis independent of the degree of differentiation of the adenocarcinoma. Prognosis is not significantly related to the presence of necrosis of intravenous tumour and a clearly defined stroma in the intravenous growth all appear to exert a protective influence on patient survival. Whereas permeation of capillaries in vein walls, the presence of loose clumps of tumour cells in veins and direct contact between tumour cells and venous blood appear to adversely affect survival. Venous invasion is shown to be related to local invasiveness of rectal carcinoma. Suggested modes of venous spread and interaction with host tissues are proposed, with implications for general attitudes to the spread of cancer and metastasis.
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Kodama Y, Tanaka K. Thromboplastic and fibrinolytic activities of V2 and V7 carcinomas of rabbit, with special reference to fibrin deposition and thrombus formation in the tumors. ACTA PATHOLOGICA JAPONICA 1978; 28:279-86. [PMID: 676749 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1827.1978.tb00539.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Thromboplastic and fibrinolytic activities of V2 and V7 carcinomas, the two transplantable rabbit tumors of the same viral origin, were studied in relation to fibrin deposition and thrombus formation in the tumors. Thromboplastic activity of V7 carcinoma was comparatively high, while that of V2 carcinoma was as low as that of muscle tissue. More fibrin deposits in the stroma and more thrombi in the small vessels were found at the advancing border of V7 carcinoma than that of V2 carcinoma. These differences might be associated with higher thromboplastic activity of V7 carcinoma than that of V2 carcinoma. Fibrinolytic activity of both tumors was high and it was confirmed to be localized in the tumor cells by Todd's method. Fibrin deposits in the stroma were found more abundantly somewhat apart from the advancing border of the tumor nests of both tumors. It was suggested that plasmin activated by plasminogen activator released locally from the tumor cells might digest fibrin deposited in the stroma just close to the tumor nests.
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Gordon SG, Franks JJ, Lewis B. Cancer procoagulant A: a factor X activating procoagulant from malignant tissue. Thromb Res 1975; 6:127-37. [PMID: 234638 DOI: 10.1016/0049-3848(75)90018-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Gralnick HR, Abrell E. Studies of the procoagulant and fibrinolytic activity of promyelocytes in acute promyelocytic leukaemia. Br J Haematol 1973; 24:89-99. [PMID: 4577065 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.1973.tb05730.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Davidson JF, McNicol GP, Frank GL, Anderson TJ, Douglas AS. Plasminogen-activator-producing tumour. BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL 1969; 1:88-91. [PMID: 5761832 PMCID: PMC1982019 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.1.5636.88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
In a patient with giant-cell carcinoma of the lung a secondary tumour deposit in the arm was incised and bled for three weeks. Investigations showed the tumour to be rich in plasminogen activator. Haemostasis in the tumour was achieved with aminocaproic acid therapy. For a period the plasminogen-activator properties were retained in cell culture of the tumour.
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Boyd JD, Hamilton WJ. Development and structure of the human placenta from the end of the 3rd month of gestation. THE JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY OF THE BRITISH COMMONWEALTH 1967; 74:161-226. [PMID: 6022372 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.1967.tb14864.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Clarke N, O'Meara RA. Intracellular location of thromboplastic activity in the cells of human chorion. Br J Haematol 1966; 12:536-45. [PMID: 5915050 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.1966.tb00136.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Glaser EM, Spink P, O'Meara RA. A screening test for substances inhibiting the cancer coagulative factor. Nature 1965; 208:1008-9. [PMID: 5868847 DOI: 10.1038/2081008a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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