1
|
Murali K, Sparkes HA, Rajendra Prasad KJ. Synthesis of hetero annulated isoxazolo-, pyrido- and pyrimido carbazoles: Screened for in vitro antitumor activity and structure activity relationships, a novel 2-amino-4-(3'-bromo-4'-methoxyphenyl)-8-chloro-11H-pyrimido[4,5-a]carbazole as an antitumor agent. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 128:319-331. [PMID: 28213284 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Revised: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Claisen-Schmidt condensation of 2,3,4,9-tetrahydro-1H-carbazol-1-one with 3-bromo-4-methoxy benzaldehyde afforded the 2-(3'-bromo-4'-methoxybenzylidene)-2,3,4,9-tetrahydro-1H-carbazol-1-one 3. Compound 3 was allowed to react with different organic reactants, hydroxylamine hydrochloride, malononitrile and guanidine nitrate through condensation cum cycloaddition reactions to afford a series of the respective novel hetero annulated carbazoles such as isoxazolo-, pyrido- and pyrimido carbazoles. The structures of the compounds were established by FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, X-ray diffraction and elemental analysis. The compounds have been screened for in vitro anti-tumor activity by MTT assay and displayed enviable selective growth inhibition on MCF-7 cell line compared to A-549 cell line. Apoptotic morphological changes in MCF-7 and A-549 cells were visualized using fluorescent microscopic technique. The preliminary structure activity relationships were also carried out. Data pointed out that among pyrimido carbazole compounds, 2-amino-4-(3'-bromo-4'-methoxyphenyl)-8-chloro-11H-pyrimido [4,5-a]carbazole could be exploited as an excellent therapeutic drug against cancer cell proliferation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karunanidhi Murali
- Department of Chemistry, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, India
| | - Hazel A Sparkes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Antimicrobial peptide isolated from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens K14 revitalizes its use in combinatorial drug therapy. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2016; 62:127-138. [PMID: 27787755 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-016-0479-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The present study was performed to evaluate the antibacterial activities of an antimicrobial peptide (CSpK14) and the synergies thereof with β-lactams against vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA) and Enterococci (VRE). Our strain was isolated from fermented food (kimchi), which is 99.79 % homologous with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens subsp. plantarum FZB42(T). CSpK14 was purified to homogeneity by diammonium sulfate precipitation, concentration, dialysis, and followed by two-stage chromatographic separation, i.e., Sepharose Cl-6B and Sephadex G-25 chromatography, and had a molar mass of ~4.6 kDa via Tricine SDS-PAGE and in situ examination. It was stable at pH 6.0-11.5 and temperature up to 80 °C. In addition, it was also stable with various metal ions, solvents, and proteases. The N-terminal amino acid sequence was H-Y-D-P-G-D-D-S-G-N-T-G and did not show any significant homology with reported peptides. However, it shows some degrees of identity with alpha-2-macroglobulin and ligand-gated channel protein from different microorganisms. CSpK14 significantly reduced the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of β-lactams and had no effect on non-β-lactams against VRSA and VRE. MICs of CSpK14/oxacillin and CSpK14/ampicillin were reduced by 8- to 64-fold and 2- to 16-fold, respectively. The time killing assay between CSpK14/oxacillin (2.29-2.37 Δlog10CFU/mL at 24 h) and CSpK14/ampicillin (2.30-2.38 Δlog10CFU/mL at 24 h) being >2-fold and fractional inhibitory concentration index ˂0.5 revealed synergy. Furthermore, the biofilms formed by VRSA and VRE were reduced completely. CSpK14 was simple to purify, had low molecular mass, was stable over a wide pH range or tested chemicals, had broad inhibitory spectrum, and possessed potent synergistic antimicrobial-antibiofilm properties. CSpK14 synergistically enhanced the efficacy of β-lactams and is therefore suitable for combination therapy.
Collapse
|
3
|
Harada T, Dang VC, Nguyen DP, Nguyen TAD, Sakamoto M, Ohkuma M, Motooka D, Nakamura S, Uchida K, Jinnai M, Yonogi S, Kawahara R, Kanki M, Kawai T, Kumeda Y, Yamamoto Y. Enterococcus saigonensis sp. nov., isolated from retail chicken meat and liver. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2016; 66:3779-3785. [DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.001264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Harada
- Osaka Prefectural Institute of Public Health, Osaka 537-0025, Japan
| | - Van Chinh Dang
- Institute of Public Health, 159 Hung Phu, District 8, Ward 8, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Do Phuc Nguyen
- Institute of Public Health, 159 Hung Phu, District 8, Ward 8, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Thi Anh Dao Nguyen
- Institute of Public Health, 159 Hung Phu, District 8, Ward 8, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Mitsuo Sakamoto
- Microbe Division/Japan Collection of Microorganisms, RIKEN BioResource Center, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0074, Japan
| | - Moriya Ohkuma
- Microbe Division/Japan Collection of Microorganisms, RIKEN BioResource Center, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0074, Japan
| | - Daisuke Motooka
- Department of Infection Metagenomics, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shota Nakamura
- Department of Infection Metagenomics, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kotaro Uchida
- Osaka Prefectural Institute of Public Health, Osaka 537-0025, Japan
| | - Michio Jinnai
- Osaka Prefectural Institute of Public Health, Osaka 537-0025, Japan
| | - Shinya Yonogi
- Osaka Prefectural Institute of Public Health, Osaka 537-0025, Japan
| | - Ryuji Kawahara
- Osaka Prefectural Institute of Public Health, Osaka 537-0025, Japan
| | - Masashi Kanki
- Osaka Prefectural Institute of Public Health, Osaka 537-0025, Japan
| | - Takao Kawai
- Osaka Prefectural Institute of Public Health, Osaka 537-0025, Japan
| | - Yuko Kumeda
- Osaka Prefectural Institute of Public Health, Osaka 537-0025, Japan
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kim SE, Shim KM, Kim JC, Choi YH, Yoo JC, Kang SS. Effect of probiotic 379D as an alternative to antibiotics for feed supplementation in broiler chickens. J Biomed Res 2015. [DOI: 10.12729/jbr.2015.16.1.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
|
5
|
Schwaiger K, Bauer J, Hörmansdorfer S, Mölle G, Preikschat P, Kämpf P, Bauer-Unkauf I, Bischoff M, Hölzel C. Presence of the Resistance GenesvanC1andpbp5in Phenotypically Vancomycin and Ampicillin SusceptibleEnterococcus faecalis. Microb Drug Resist 2012; 18:434-9. [DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2011.0227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Karin Schwaiger
- Chair of Animal Hygiene, Technische Universität München, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Johann Bauer
- Chair of Animal Hygiene, Technische Universität München, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Stefan Hörmansdorfer
- Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority (LGL) Oberschleißheim, Oberschleißheim, Germany
| | - Gabriele Mölle
- Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority (LGL) Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Petra Preikschat
- Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority (LGL) Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Peter Kämpf
- Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority (LGL) Oberschleißheim, Oberschleißheim, Germany
| | - Ilse Bauer-Unkauf
- Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority (LGL) Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Meike Bischoff
- Chair of Animal Hygiene, Technische Universität München, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Christina Hölzel
- Chair of Animal Hygiene, Technische Universität München, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Peter A, Radhakrishnan E, Mathew J, Zacharia S. Characterization of vancomycin resistant Enterococcus faecium from clinical and chicken sources. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s2221-1691(12)60487-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
|
7
|
Harada T, Kawahara R, Kanki M, Taguchi M, Kumeda Y. Isolation and characterization of vanA genotype vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus cecorum from retail poultry in Japan. Int J Food Microbiol 2011; 153:372-7. [PMID: 22192623 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2011.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2011] [Revised: 11/15/2011] [Accepted: 11/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The isolation rate of high-level vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) from poultry samples in Japan has increased in recent years. As this raises concerns for the potential spread of genes encoding vancomycin resistance, poultry is routinely screened for VRE. Here, we report the isolation and characterization of a vanA genotype vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus cecorum strain (E. cecorum IPHa84) from retail domestic poultry in September 2009. The species identification was performed by biochemical testing and sequencing of the 16S rRNA and manganese-dependent superoxide dismutase genes. The vancomycin and teicoplanin susceptibility tests showed that E. cecorum IPHa84 was resistant to vancomycin and susceptible to teicoplanin, demonstrating that this isolate was VanB phenotype-vanA genotype VRE. Moreover, a vanA gene cluster was found in a chromosomally encoded Tn1546-related element, which exhibited the characteristic structure of the prototype Tn1546 element, but contained eight point mutations. The vanS sequence of E. cecorum IPHa84 contained three point mutations and was 100% identical to those of VRE isolated from different broiler droppings in Japan prior to the banning of avoparcin, indicating that the Tn1546-related element may be stable in poultry production environments, even in the absence of selective pressure. The isolation of a novel enterococcal species harboring the vanA gene reconfirms that poultry can serve as a reservoir of VanA-type VRE or vancomycin resistance genes, and suggests that the transmission of these risk factors from poultry to humans through the food chain remains a potential threat in Japan.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Harada
- Division of Bacteriology, Osaka Prefectural Institute of Public Health, Nakamichi 1-3-69, Higashinari-ku, Osaka 537-0025, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Distribution of drug resistance among enterococci and Salmonella from poultry and cattle in Ethiopia. Trop Anim Health Prod 2009; 42:857-64. [PMID: 19921457 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-009-9499-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/29/2009] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Enterococci and Salmonella were isolated from feces of chicken in intensive poultry farms and cattle which are maintained following traditional practices. Their resistance to different antibiotics was also determined. A total of 298 enterococcal isolates consisting of Enterococcus faecium (49.6%), Enterococcus durans (26.9%), Enterococcus hirea (11.9%), and Enterococcus faecalis (11.5%) were obtained. Among the enterococci, resistance to erythromycin (Ery), clindamicin (Cli), amoxicillin (Amo), ampicillin (Amp), and cephalothin (Cep) was high. Resistance to vancomycin (Van) was detected in all enterococcal species. Over 80% of the isolates showed multiple drug resistance. The most dominant patterns in poultry were Amo/Amp/Cep/Pen and Amo/Amp/Cep/Cli/Pen/Van. Among isolates from cattle, Amo/Amp/Cep/Cli/Ery/Pen/Van and Amo/Amp/Cli/Ery/Pen/Van constituted the most dominant multiple resistance patterns. A total of 51 Salmonella isolates were obtained from poultry (43/280) and cattle (8/450). About 70% of the isolates had varying resistance to the tested antibiotics. Multiple drug resistance was observed in over 30% of the Salmonella isolates. The most frequent resistance pattern was Amo/Amp/Cip/Gen/Str in cattle and Amo/Amp/Cep/Cip/Gen/Kan/Str in poultry. Enteroccoccal and Salmonella isolates showed multiple resistance to those antibiotics used in human and veterinary medicine. The high frequency of isolation of resistant enterococci is indicative of the wide dissemination of antibiotic resistant bacteria in the farm environment.
Collapse
|
9
|
Production, isolation and biological activity of nargenicin from Nocardia sp. CS682. Arch Pharm Res 2008; 31:1339-45. [PMID: 18958426 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-001-2115-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2008] [Revised: 10/01/2008] [Accepted: 10/06/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Culture broth of an actinomycete isolate, Nocardia sp. CS682 showed specifically higher antibacterial activity against methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Purified substance from the organism, CS-682, which is active against MRSA and Micrococcus leuteus, is a C(28)H(37)NO(8) (M+H(+), observed: 516.83) and identified as an unusual macrolide antibiotic, nargenicin. The chemical structure of CS-682 was identified by FT-IR, (1)H-NMR, (13)C-NMR, and ((1)H-(1)H and (1)H-(13)H) COSY. The anti-MRSA activity of CS-682 was stronger than that of oxacillin, vancomycin, monensin, erythromycin, and spiramycin. Phylogenetic analysis showed that strain CS682 is closely related to Nocardia tenerifensis DSM 44704(T) (98.7% sequence similarity), followed by N. brasiliensis ATCC 19296(T) (98.4% sequence similarity). The ability of Nocardia sp. CS682 to produce nargenicin was unique.
Collapse
|
10
|
Petersson-Wolfe CS, Adams S, Wolf SL, Hogan JS. Genomic typing of enterococci isolated from bovine mammary glands and environmental sources. J Dairy Sci 2008; 91:615-9. [PMID: 18218748 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2007-0253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Enterococcal isolates (n = 102) from various sources of bovine origin on 1 farm were characterized using pulsed field gel electrophoresis analysis of SmaI restriction patterns. Isolates originated from feed samples (n = 6), bedding samples (n = 15), and bovine quarter-milk samples (n = 81). Isolates collected from milk samples included those from high-somatic cell count cows (n = 42), postpartum milk samples (n = 16), and clinical mastitis samples (n = 23). Species evaluated included Enterococcus faecium (n = 68), Enterococcus casseliflavus (n = 29), and Enterococcus faecalis (n = 5). A total of 20 clusters representing 44 isolates were detected when a similarity cut-off level of 75% was applied to interpret the pulsed field gel electrophoresis results. Fifteen of the clusters contained only isolates from milk samples. Four clusters contained isolates from bedding and milk samples. One cluster contained only isolates from feed samples. Clusters comprised of a single species represented 17 of the 20 total clusters. These results suggest enterococci from bovine origin were genetically diverse, whereas a limited number of isolates from various sources appeared to cluster together.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C S Petersson-Wolfe
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, Ohio 44691, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Svec P, Vancanneyt M, Seman M, Snauwaert C, Lefebvre K, Sedlácek I, Swings J. Evaluation of (GTG)5-PCR for identification of Enterococcus spp. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2006; 247:59-63. [PMID: 15927748 DOI: 10.1016/j.femsle.2005.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2005] [Accepted: 04/19/2005] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A set of reference strains and a group of previously unidentified enterococci were analysed by rep-PCR with the (GTG)(5) primer to evaluate the discriminatory power and suitability of this method for typing and identification of enterococcal species. A total of 49 strains representing all validly described species were obtained from bacterial collections. For more extensive evaluation of this identification approach 112 well-defined and identified enterococci isolated from bryndza cheese were tested. The (GTG)(5)-PCR fingerprinting assigned all strains into well-differentiated clusters representing individual species. Subsequently, a group including 44 unidentified enterococci isolated from surface waters was analysed to evaluate this method for identification of unknown isolates. Obtained band patterns allowed us to identify all the strains clearly to the species level. This study proved that rep-PCR with (GTG)(5) primer is a reliable and fast method for species identification of enterococci.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Svec
- Czech Collection of Microorganisms, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|