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Yang Z, Wu W, Yu Y, Liu H. Atosiban-induced acute pulmonary edema: A rare but severe complication of tocolysis. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15829. [PMID: 37305518 PMCID: PMC10256901 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Atosiban is commonly used to delay premature labor in pregnant women and is thought to have few side effects. Objectives To report a case of acute pulmonary edema (APE) following administration of atosiban and conduct a systematic review to identify common characteristics and risk factors of atosiban-associated APE. Methods Searches were performed in Pubmed, Embase, and Web of Science using the keyword "Atosiban" combined with the terms "Pulmonary edema" or "Dyspnea" or "Hypoxia" on 9th July 2022. Only case reports of atosiban-associated APE were included without language restrictions. Data were extracted from the reports, and median, range, and percentages were calculated as applicable. The risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklist for case reports. Results Seven cases of atosiban-associated APE were included in the systematic review, including our case. APE occurred at a median gestational age of 32 + 6 weeks. Most patients were nulliparous (6/7, 85.7%) and were in multiple pregnancies (5/7, 71.4%). All patients were prescribed antenatal corticosteroids and tocolytics, with three (42.9%) receiving only atosiban and four (57.1%) receiving atosiban and other tocolytics. The median interval from starting atosiban administration to APE onset was about 40 h, and three patients (42.9%) showed symptoms 2-10 h after the end of atosiban treatment. Radiographic examinations (chest X-ray and/or computer tomography scan) confirmed APE in all patients and pleural effusion in four patients (57.1%). Five patients (71.4%) underwent emergency cesarean section, one patient (14.3%) with twin pregnancy had vaginal delivery with the help of suction cup and forceps, and another patient (14.3%) continued the pregnancy. All patients recovered well after administration of oxygen, diuresis, and other supportive therapy. Conclusion Atosiban may cause acute pulmonary edema in patients with underlying risk factors. This complication remains rare, but caution during tocolytic treatment using atosiban is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Haiyan Liu
- Corresponding author. 419, Fangxie Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai, China.
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Kidson KM, Lapinsky S, Grewal J. A Detailed Review of Critical Care Considerations for the Pregnant Cardiac Patient. Can J Cardiol 2021; 37:1979-2000. [PMID: 34534620 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2021.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Maternal cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of maternal death worldwide and recently, maternal mortality has increased secondary to cardiovascular causes. Maternal admissions to critical care encompass 1%-2% of all critical care admissions, and although not common, the management of the critically ill pregnant patient is complex. Caring for the critically ill pregnant cardiac patient requires integration of pregnancy-associated physiologic changes, understanding pathophysiologic disease states unique to pregnancy, and a multidisciplinary approach to timing around delivery as well as antenatal and postpartum care. Herein we describe cardiorespiratory changes that occur during pregnancy and the differential diagnosis for cardiorespiratory failure in pregnancy. Cardiorespiratory diseases that are either associated or exacerbated by pregnancy are highlighted with emphasis on perturbations secondary to pregnancy and appropriate management strategies. Finally, we describe general management of the pregnant cardiac patient admitted to critical care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen M Kidson
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Care, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Department of Critical Care Medicine, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Stephen Lapinsky
- Mount Sinai Hospital and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jasmine Grewal
- Division of Cardiology, University of British Columbia, Pacific Adult Congenital Heart Disease Program, St Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
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da Silva WA, Pinheiro AM, Lima PH, Malbouisson LMS. Renal and cardiovascular repercussions in preeclampsia and their impact on fluid management: a literature review. Braz J Anesthesiol 2021; 71:421-428. [PMID: 33845102 PMCID: PMC9373504 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjane.2021.02.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia is a multifactorial condition associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Fluid therapy in these patients is challenging since volume expansion may precipitate pulmonary edema, and fluid restriction may worsen renal function. Furthermore, cardiac impairment may introduce an additional component to the hemodynamic management. This article reviews the repercussions of preeclampsia on renal and cardiovascular systems and the development of pulmonary edema, as well as to discuss fluid management, focusing on the mitigation of adverse outcomes and monitoring alternatives. The literature review was carried out using PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar databases from May 2019 to March 2020. Papers addressing the subjects of interest were included regardless of the publication language. There is a current trend towards restricting the administration of fluids in women with non-complicated preeclampsia. However, patients with preeclampsia may experience hemorrhagic shock, requiring volume resuscitation. In this case, hemodynamic monitoring is recommended to guide fluid therapy while avoiding complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wallace Andrino da Silva
- Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes (HUOL), Natal, RN, Brazil.
| | - Aline Macedo Pinheiro
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes (HUOL), Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Paulo Henrique Lima
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes (HUOL), Natal, RN, Brazil
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Takahashi K, Nishijima K, Yamaguchi M, Matsumoto K, Sugai S, Enomoto T. Noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation in pregnancy to treat acute pulmonary edema induced by tocolytic agents: a case report. J Med Case Rep 2021; 15:126. [PMID: 33743806 PMCID: PMC7981838 DOI: 10.1186/s13256-021-02704-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We report a case of pulmonary edema induced by tocolytic agents that was successfully managed with noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation (NPPV) and resulted in extended gestation. CASE PRESENTATION A 36-year-old Japanese pregnant woman received tocolytic therapy with ritodrine hydrochloride, magnesium sulfate, nifedipine, and betamethasone from 28 weeks of gestation. She developed respiratory failure. and her chest X-ray showed enlarged pulmonary vascular shadows. At 29 weeks and 1 day of gestation, she was diagnosed with pulmonary edema induced by tocolytic agents. Because respiratory failure worsened 2 days after ritodrine hydrochloride and magnesium sulfate were stopped, NPPV was initiated. Her respiratory status improved and she was weaned off of NPPV after 3 days. She underwent cesarean section because of breech presentation at 30 weeks and 0 days of gestation due to initiation of labor pains. CONCLUSIONS NPPV can be safely administered in cases of tocolytic agent-induced pulmonary edema during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kotaro Takahashi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan.
| | - Koji Nishijima
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Masayuki Yamaguchi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Kensuke Matsumoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Shunya Sugai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Takayuki Enomoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
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Esquinas AM, Fiorentino G, Insalaco G, Mina B, Duan J, Mondardini MC, Caramelli F. Application of Noninvasive Ventilation in the ObstetricalPatient. NONINVASIVE VENTILATION IN SLEEP MEDICINE AND PULMONARY CRITICAL CARE 2020. [PMCID: PMC7254544 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-42998-0_40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Acute respiratory failure in pregnancy is considered a common indication for ICU admissions in the obstetrical population. NIV (i.e., NIPPV and HFNC), although controversial, have been shown to be safe and effective in the treatment of acute respiratory failure and can help prevent invasive mechanical ventilation during pregnancy in a variety of scenarios. However, evidence is limited with mainly case reports and case series reported in the literature, NIV modalities have similar indications and contraindications in the pregnant patient as the general population. Methodology: Case reports, prospective RCTs, and meta-analysis involving adult patients with the application of NIPPV as a support strategy for obstetric patients with acute respiratory failure were reviewed. To increase the sensitivity of the search, a combination of terms was utilized such as “high flow nasal canula” with “noninvasive ventilation” and “pregnancy” or “obstetrics” and “acute respiratory failure” or “Acute hypoxic respiratory failure” or “Acute hypercapnic respiratory failure” as keywords. Three electronic databases were searched (Google Scholar, PubMed, and Cochrane Library) from 2017 to 2019. Abstracts and full text publications were screened to fit the search criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio M. Esquinas
- Intensive Care Unit, Hospital General Universitario Morales Meseguer, Murcia, Spain
| | - Giuseppe Fiorentino
- Department of Pathophysiology and Pulmonary Rehab, Azienda Ospedaliera dei Colli PO Monaldi, Napoli, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Insalaco
- Innovative Technologies for the Study of Sleep Breathing Disorders, Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), Italian National Research Council, Palermo, Italy
| | - Bushra Mina
- Department of Pulmonary and CC Medicine, Lenox Hill Hospital, New York, NY USA
| | - Jun Duan
- Department of Respiratory and CC Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing M, Chongqing, China
| | - Maria Cristina Mondardini
- Anestesia and Pediatric Intensive Care Department, University Hospital Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy
| | - Fabio Caramelli
- Anestesia and Pediatric Intensive Care Department, University Hospital Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy
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[Non-invasive mechanical ventilation in postoperative patients. A clinical review]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 62:512-22. [PMID: 25892605 DOI: 10.1016/j.redar.2015.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Revised: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) is a method of ventilatory support that is increasing in importance day by day in the management of postoperative respiratory failure. Its role in the prevention and treatment of atelectasis is particularly important in the in the period after thoracic and abdominal surgeries. Similarly, in the transplanted patient, NIV can shorten the time of invasive mechanical ventilation, reducing the risk of infectious complications in these high-risk patients. It has been performed A systematic review of the literature has been performed, including examining the technical, clinical experiences and recommendations concerning the application of NIV in the postoperative period.
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Nicardipine-induced acute pulmonary edema: a rare but severe complication of tocolysis. Case Rep Crit Care 2014; 2014:242703. [PMID: 25215245 PMCID: PMC4156995 DOI: 10.1155/2014/242703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2014] [Revised: 08/04/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
We report four cases of acute pulmonary edema that occurred during treatment by intravenous tocolysis using nicardipine in pregnancy patients with no previous heart problems. Clinical severity justified hospitalization in intensive care unit (ICU) each time. Acute dyspnea has begun at an average of 63 hours after initiation of treatment. For all patients, the first diagnosis suspected was pulmonary embolism. The patients' condition improved rapidly with appropriate diuretic treatment and by modifying the tocolysis. The use of intravenous nicardipine is widely used for tocolysis in France even if its prescription does not have a marketing authorization. The pathophysiological mechanisms of this complication remain unclear. The main reported risk factors are spontaneous preterm labor, multiple pregnancy, concomitant obstetrical disease, association with beta-agonists, and fetal lung maturation corticotherapy. A better knowledge of this rare but serious adverse event should improve the management of patients. Nifedipine or atosiban, the efficiency of which tocolysis was also studied, could be an alternative.
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Zieleskiewicz L, Boustiere V, Bourgoin A, Hammad E, Leone M, Bretelle F. Nicardipine-associated pulmonary edema in a parturient: use of chest ultrasound. Int J Obstet Anesth 2014; 23:291-2. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijoa.2014.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2014] [Revised: 04/23/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Flenady V, Wojcieszek AM, Papatsonis DNM, Stock OM, Murray L, Jardine LA, Carbonne B. Calcium channel blockers for inhibiting preterm labour and birth. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2014; 2014:CD002255. [PMID: 24901312 PMCID: PMC7144737 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd002255.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preterm birth is a major contributor to perinatal mortality and morbidity, affecting around 9% of births in high-income countries and an estimated 13% of births in low- and middle-income countries. Tocolytics are drugs used to suppress uterine contractions for women in preterm labour. The most widely used tocolytic are the betamimetics, however, these are associated with a high frequency of unpleasant and sometimes severe maternal side effects. Calcium channel blockers (CCBs) (such as nifedipine) may have similar tocolytic efficacy with less side effects than betamimetics. Oxytocin receptor antagonists (ORAs) (e.g. atosiban) also have a low side-effect profile. OBJECTIVES To assess the effects on maternal, fetal and neonatal outcomes of CCBs, administered as a tocolytic agent, to women in preterm labour. SEARCH METHODS We searched the Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group's Trials Register (12 November 2013). SELECTION CRITERIA All published and unpublished randomised trials in which CCBs were used for tocolysis for women in labour between 20 and 36 completed weeks' gestation. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two review authors independently assessed trial eligibility, undertook quality assessment and data extraction. Results are presented using risk ratio (RR) for categorical data and mean difference (MD) for data measured on a continuous scale with the 95% confidence interval (CI). The number needed to treat to benefit (NNTB) and the number needed to treat to harm (NNTH) were calculated for categorical outcomes that were statistically significantly different. MAIN RESULTS This update includes 26 additional trials involving 2511 women, giving a total of 38 included trials (3550 women). Thirty-five trials used nifedipine as the CCB and three trials used nicardipine. Blinding of intervention and outcome assessment was undertaken in only one of the trials (a placebo controlled trial). However, objective outcomes defined according to timing of birth and perinatal mortality were considered to have low risk of detection bias.Two small trials comparing CCBs with placebo or no treatment showed a significant reduction in birth less than 48 hours after trial entry (RR 0.30, 95% CI 0.21 to 0.43) and an increase in maternal adverse effects (RR 49.89, 95% CI 3.13 to 795.02, one trial of 89 women). Due to substantial heterogeneity, outcome data for preterm birth (less than 37 weeks) were not combined; one placebo controlled trial showed no difference (RR 0.96, 95% CI 0.89 to 1.03) while the other (non-placebo controlled trial) reported a reduction (RR 0.44, 95% CI 0.31 to 0.62). No other outcomes were reported.Comparing CCBs (mainly nifedipine) with other tocolytics by type (including betamimetics, glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) patch, non-steriodal anti inflammatories (NSAID), magnesium sulphate and ORAs), no significant reductions were shown in primary outcome measures of birth within 48 hours of treatment or perinatal mortality.Comparing CCBs with betamimetics, there were fewer maternal adverse effects (average RR 0.36, 95% CI 0.24 to 0.53) and fewer maternal adverse effects requiring discontinuation of therapy (average RR 0.22, 95% CI 0.10 to 0.48). Calcium channel blockers resulted in an increase in the interval between trial entry and birth (average MD 4.38 days, 95% CI 0.25 to 8.52) and gestational age (MD 0.71 weeks, 95% CI 0.34 to 1.09), while decreasing preterm and very preterm birth (RR 0.89, 95% CI 0.80 to 0.98 and RR 0.78, 95% CI 0.66 to 0.93); respiratory distress syndrome (RR 0.64, 95% CI 0.48 to 0.86); necrotising enterocolitis (RR 0.21, 95% CI 0.05 to 0.96); intraventricular haemorrhage (RR 0.53, 95% CI 0.34 to 0.84); neonatal jaundice (RR 0.72, 95% CI 0.57 to 0.92); and admissions to neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) (average RR 0.74, 95% CI 0.63 to 0.87). No difference was shown in one trial of outcomes at nine to twelve years of age.Comparing CCBs with ORA, data from one study (which did blind the intervention) showed an increase in gestational age at birth (MD 1.20 completed weeks, 95% CI 0.25 to 2.15) and reductions in preterm birth (RR 0.64, 95% CI 0.47 to 0.89); admissions to the NICU (RR 0.59, 95% CI 0.41 to 0.85); and duration of stay in the NICU (MD -5.40 days,95% CI -10.84 to 0.04). Maternal adverse effects were increased in the CCB group (average RR 2.61, 95% CI 1.43 to 4.74).Comparing CCBs with magnesium sulphate, maternal adverse effects were reduced (average RR 0.52, 95% CI 0.40 to 0.68), as was duration of stay in the NICU (days) (MD -4.55, 95% CI -8.17 to -0.92). No differences were shown in the comparisons with GTN patch or NSAID, although numbers were small.No differences in outcomes were shown in trials comparing nicardipine with other tocolytics, although with limited data no strong conclusions can be drawn. No differences were evident in a small trial that compared higher- versus lower-dose nifedipine, though findings tended to favour a high dose on some measures of neonatal morbidity. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Calcium channel blockers (mainly nifedipine) for women in preterm labour have benefits over placebo or no treatment in terms of postponement of birth thus, theoretically, allowing time for administration of antenatal corticosteroids and transfer to higher level care. Calcium channel blockers were shown to have benefits over betamimetics with respect to prolongation of pregnancy, serious neonatal morbidity, and maternal adverse effects. Calcium channel blockers may also have some benefits over ORAs and magnesium sulphate, although ORAs results in fewer maternal adverse effects. However, it must be noted that no difference was shown in perinatal mortality, and data on longer-term outcomes were limited. Further, the lack of blinding of the intervention diminishes the strength of this body of evidence. Further well-designed tocolytic trials are required to determine short- and longer-term infant benefit of CCBs over placebo or no treatment and other tocolytics, particularly ORAs. Another important focus for future trials is identifying optimal dosage regimens of different types of CCBs (high versus low, particularly addressing speed of onset of uterine quiescence) and formulation (capsules versus tablets). All future trials on tocolytics for women in preterm labour should employ blinding of the intervention and outcome assessment, include measurement of longer-term effects into early childhood, and also costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicki Flenady
- Mater Research Institute ‐ The University of Queensland (MRI‐UQ)Translating Research Into Practice (TRIP) CentreLevel 2 Aubigny Place, Mater Health ServicesAnnerley Road, WoolloongabbaBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia4102
| | - Aleena M Wojcieszek
- Mater Research Institute ‐ The University of Queensland (MRI‐UQ)Translating Research Into Practice (TRIP) CentreLevel 2 Aubigny Place, Mater Health ServicesAnnerley Road, WoolloongabbaBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia4102
| | - Dimitri NM Papatsonis
- Amphia Hospital BredaDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyLangendijk 75BredaNetherlands4819 EV
| | - Owen M Stock
- Mater Mothers' Hospital, Mater Health ServicesDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyRaymond TerraceBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia4101
| | - Linda Murray
- University of TasmaniaSchool of MedicineHobartAustralia
| | - Luke A Jardine
- Mater Mothers' Hospital, Mater Medical Research Institute, The University of QueenslandDepartment of NeonatologyRaymond TerraceSouth BrisbaneQueenslandAustralia4101
| | - Bruno Carbonne
- Hopital TrousseauDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology26, avenue du Docteur Arnold NetterParisParisFrance75012
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Cabrini L, Nobile L, Plumari V, Landoni G, Borghi G, Mucchetti M, Zangrillo A. Intraoperative prophylactic and therapeutic non-invasive ventilation: a systematic review. Br J Anaesth 2014; 112:638-47. [DOI: 10.1093/bja/aet465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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Draisci G, Volpe C, Pitoni S, Zanfini BA, Gonnella GL, Catarci S, Frassanito L, Maggiore SM. Non-invasive ventilation for acute respiratory failure in preterm pregnancy. Int J Obstet Anesth 2013; 22:169-71. [PMID: 23465361 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijoa.2012.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2012] [Revised: 12/07/2012] [Accepted: 12/16/2012] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Ventilación mecánica no invasiva como estrategia adyuvante en el manejo del fallo respiratorio agudo secundario a edema pulmonar periparto por preeclampsia severa. Med Intensiva 2011; 35:518-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medin.2011.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2010] [Revised: 12/21/2010] [Accepted: 01/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Fernández A, Domínguez D, Delgado L. Severe non-cardiogenic pulmonary oedema secondary to atosiban and steroids. Int J Obstet Anesth 2011; 20:189-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijoa.2010.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2010] [Revised: 09/03/2010] [Accepted: 09/07/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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