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Perman SM, Elmer J, Maciel CB, Uzendu A, May T, Mumma BE, Bartos JA, Rodriguez AJ, Kurz MC, Panchal AR, Rittenberger JC. 2023 American Heart Association Focused Update on Adult Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support: An Update to the American Heart Association Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care. Circulation 2024; 149:e254-e273. [PMID: 38108133 DOI: 10.1161/cir.0000000000001194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac arrest is common and deadly, affecting up to 700 000 people in the United States annually. Advanced cardiac life support measures are commonly used to improve outcomes. This "2023 American Heart Association Focused Update on Adult Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support" summarizes the most recent published evidence for and recommendations on the use of medications, temperature management, percutaneous coronary angiography, extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and seizure management in this population. We discuss the lack of data in recent cardiac arrest literature that limits our ability to evaluate diversity, equity, and inclusion in this population. Last, we consider how the cardiac arrest population may make up an important pool of organ donors for those awaiting organ transplantation.
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Guarracini F, Bonvicini E, Zanon S, Martin M, Casagranda G, Mochen M, Coser A, Quintarelli S, Branzoli S, Mazzone P, Bonmassari R, Marini M. Emergency Management of Electrical Storm: A Practical Overview. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:medicina59020405. [PMID: 36837606 PMCID: PMC9963509 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59020405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Electrical storm is a medical emergency characterized by ventricular arrythmia recurrence that can lead to hemodynamic instability. The incidence of this clinical condition is rising, mainly in implantable cardioverter defibrillator patients, and its prognosis is often poor. Early acknowledgment, management and treatment have a key role in reducing mortality in the acute phase and improving the quality of life of these patients. In an emergency setting, several measures can be employed. Anti-arrhythmic drugs, based on the underlying disease, are often the first step to control the arrhythmic burden; besides that, new therapeutic strategies have been developed with high efficacy, such as deep sedation, early catheter ablation, neuraxial modulation and mechanical hemodynamic support. The aim of this review is to provide practical indications for the management of electrical storm in acute settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Guarracini
- Department of Cardiology, S. Chiara Hospital, 38122 Trento, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-(0)461-903121; Fax: +39-(0)461-903122
| | - Eleonora Bonvicini
- Department of Cardiology, S. Chiara Hospital, 38122 Trento, Italy
- Department of Cardiology, University of Verona, 37126 Verona, Italy
| | - Sofia Zanon
- Department of Cardiology, University of Verona, 37126 Verona, Italy
| | - Marta Martin
- Department of Cardiology, S. Chiara Hospital, 38122 Trento, Italy
| | | | - Marianna Mochen
- Department of Radiology, Santa Chiara Hospital, 38122 Trento, Italy
| | - Alessio Coser
- Department of Cardiology, S. Chiara Hospital, 38122 Trento, Italy
| | | | - Stefano Branzoli
- Cardiac Surgery Unit, Santa Chiara Hospital, 38122 Trento, Italy
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel-Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Patrizio Mazzone
- Cardiothoracovascular Department, Electrophysiology Unit, Niguarda Hospital, 20162 Milan, Italy
| | | | - Massimiliano Marini
- Department of Cardiology, S. Chiara Hospital, 38122 Trento, Italy
- Heart Rhythm Management Centre, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel-Vrije Universiteit Brussel, European Reference Networks Guard-Heart, 1090 Brussel, Belgium
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Pratt SL, Bowen M, Redpath A. Resolution of sustained ventricular tachycardia in a horse presenting with colic with magnesium sulfate. EQUINE VET EDUC 2023. [DOI: 10.1111/eve.13775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie L. Pratt
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science University of Nottingham Nottingham UK
| | - Mark Bowen
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science University of Nottingham Nottingham UK
| | - Adam Redpath
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science University of Nottingham Nottingham UK
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Panchal AR, Bartos JA, Cabañas JG, Donnino MW, Drennan IR, Hirsch KG, Kudenchuk PJ, Kurz MC, Lavonas EJ, Morley PT, O’Neil BJ, Peberdy MA, Rittenberger JC, Rodriguez AJ, Sawyer KN, Berg KM, Arafeh J, Benoit JL, Chase M, Fernandez A, de Paiva EF, Fischberg BL, Flores GE, Fromm P, Gazmuri R, Gibson BC, Hoadley T, Hsu CH, Issa M, Kessler A, Link MS, Magid DJ, Marrill K, Nicholson T, Ornato JP, Pacheco G, Parr M, Pawar R, Jaxton J, Perman SM, Pribble J, Robinett D, Rolston D, Sasson C, Satyapriya SV, Sharkey T, Soar J, Torman D, Von Schweinitz B, Uzendu A, Zelop CM, Magid DJ. Part 3: Adult Basic and Advanced Life Support: 2020 American Heart Association Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care. Circulation 2020; 142:S366-S468. [DOI: 10.1161/cir.0000000000000916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 371] [Impact Index Per Article: 92.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Liu M, Dudley SC. Magnesium, Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Cardiovascular Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E907. [PMID: 32977544 PMCID: PMC7598282 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9100907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypomagnesemia is commonly observed in heart failure, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases. Low serum magnesium (Mg) is a predictor for cardiovascular and all-cause mortality and treating Mg deficiency may help prevent cardiovascular disease. In this review, we discuss the possible mechanisms by which Mg deficiency plays detrimental roles in cardiovascular diseases and review the results of clinical trials of Mg supplementation for heart failure, arrhythmias and other cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Liu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, the Lillehei Heart Institute, University of Minnesota at Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Samuel C. Dudley
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, the Lillehei Heart Institute, University of Minnesota at Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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Ranninger E, Bartoszuk U, Kutter A. Reversal of sustained ventricular tachycardia with magnesium but not with lidocaine in a dog during the perianaesthetic period. VETERINARY RECORD CASE REPORTS 2019. [DOI: 10.1136/vetreccr-2019-000928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Ranninger
- Department for Clinical Diagnostics and ServicesSection of AnaesthesiologyVetsuisse Faculty University of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Urszula Bartoszuk
- Department for Clinical Diagnostics and ServicesSection of AnaesthesiologyVetsuisse Faculty University of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Annette Kutter
- Department for Clinical Diagnostics and ServicesSection of AnaesthesiologyVetsuisse Faculty University of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
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Drugs in Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest. Cardiol Clin 2018; 36:357-366. [PMID: 30293602 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccl.2018.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Managing out-of-hospital cardiac arrest involves unique challenges, including delays in the initiation of advanced interventions and a limited number of trained personnel on scene. Recent out-of-hospital randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews, and metaanalyses provide key insights into what interventions are best proven to positively impact patient outcomes from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. We review the literature on medications used in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and summarize evidence-based guidelines from the American Heart Association that form the basis for most emergency medical services cardiac arrest protocols across the United States.
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