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Chaiyasut C, Sivamaruthi BS, Kesika P, Khongtan S, Khampithum N, Thangaleela S, Peerajan S, Bumrungpert A, Chaiyasut K, Sirilun S, Sittiprapaporn P. Synbiotic Supplementation Improves Obesity Index and Metabolic Biomarkers in Thai Obese Adults: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Foods 2021; 10:1580. [PMID: 34359450 PMCID: PMC8304233 DOI: 10.3390/foods10071580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The cluster of metabolic disorders includes obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and glucose intolerance, increasing the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes. Evolving proofs suggest an essential role of microbiota in human health and disease, including digestion, energy and glucose metabolism, immunomodulation, and brain function. The frequency of overweight is increasing, and the main causes for this are highly processed foods and less active lifestyles. Research is underway to unravel the probable relationship between obesity and intestinal microbiota. Here, we propose a method to understand and elucidate the synergistic function of prebiotics and probiotics in treating obesity. The biomarkers of obesity, such as cholesterol, gut permeability, oxidative stress, bacterial toxins, cytokines, and short-chain fatty acids, were analyzed in Thai obese individuals after being supplemented with a synbiotic preparation containing Lactobacillus paracasei, Bifidobacterium longum, Bifidobacterium breve, inulin, and fructooligosaccharide. The results reveal that the supplementation of synbiotics significantly altered the obesity-associated biomarkers in an appositive way. Further studies are warranted to use synbiotics as an adjuvant therapy for the management of obesity-related health issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaiyavat Chaiyasut
- Innovation Center for Holistic Health, Nutraceuticals, and Cosmeceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (C.C.); (P.K.); (S.K.); (N.K.); (S.T.); (S.S.)
| | - Bhagavathi Sundaram Sivamaruthi
- Innovation Center for Holistic Health, Nutraceuticals, and Cosmeceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (C.C.); (P.K.); (S.K.); (N.K.); (S.T.); (S.S.)
| | - Periyanaina Kesika
- Innovation Center for Holistic Health, Nutraceuticals, and Cosmeceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (C.C.); (P.K.); (S.K.); (N.K.); (S.T.); (S.S.)
| | - Suchanat Khongtan
- Innovation Center for Holistic Health, Nutraceuticals, and Cosmeceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (C.C.); (P.K.); (S.K.); (N.K.); (S.T.); (S.S.)
| | - Nanticha Khampithum
- Innovation Center for Holistic Health, Nutraceuticals, and Cosmeceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (C.C.); (P.K.); (S.K.); (N.K.); (S.T.); (S.S.)
| | - Subramanian Thangaleela
- Innovation Center for Holistic Health, Nutraceuticals, and Cosmeceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (C.C.); (P.K.); (S.K.); (N.K.); (S.T.); (S.S.)
| | | | - Akkarach Bumrungpert
- Mahidol Nutrition Society, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
- Research Center of Nutraceuticals and Natural Products for Health & Anti-Aging, College of Integrative Medicine, Dhurakij Pundit University, Bangkok 10210, Thailand
| | - Khontaros Chaiyasut
- Institute of Research and Development, Chiang Mai Rajabhat University, Chiangmai 50300, Thailand;
| | - Sasithorn Sirilun
- Innovation Center for Holistic Health, Nutraceuticals, and Cosmeceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (C.C.); (P.K.); (S.K.); (N.K.); (S.T.); (S.S.)
| | - Phakkharawat Sittiprapaporn
- Neuropsychological Research Laboratory, Department of Anti-Aging and Regenerative Science, School of Anti-Aging and Regenerative Medicine, Mae Fah Luang University, Bangkok 11120, Thailand
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Jerez-Morales A, Merino JS, Díaz-Castillo ST, Smith CT, Fuentealba J, Bernasconi H, Echeverría G, García-Cancino A. The Administration of the Synbiotic Lactobacillus bulgaricus 6c3 Strain, Inulin and Fructooligosaccharide Decreases the Concentrations of Indoxyl Sulfate and Kidney Damage in a Rat Model. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:192. [PMID: 33800029 PMCID: PMC7999732 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13030192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Indoxyl sulfate (IS) is involved in the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and in its cardiovascular complications. One of the approaches proposed to decrease IS is the administration of synbiotics. This work aimed to search for a probiotic strain capable to decrease serum IS levels and mix it with two prebiotics (inulin and fructooligosaccharide (FOS)) to produce a putative synbiotic and test it in a rat CKD model. Two groups of Sprague-Dawley rats were nephrectomized. One group (Lac) received the mixture for 16 weeks in drinking water and the other no (Nef). A control group (C) included sham-nephrectomized rats. Serum creatinine and IS concentrations were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detector (HPLC-DAD). Optical microscopy and two-photon excitation microscopy was used to study kidney and heart samples. The Lac group, which received the synbiotic, reduced IS by 0.8% while the Nef group increased it by 38.8%. Histological analysis of kidneys showed that the Lac group increased fibrotic areas by 12% and the Nef group did it by 25%. The synbiotic did not reduce cardiac fibrosis. Therefore, the putative synbiotic showed that function reducing IS and the progression of CKD in a rat model, but no heart protection was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alonso Jerez-Morales
- Laboratory of Bacterial Pathogenicity, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, 4070386 Concepción, Chile; (A.J.-M.); (C.T.S.)
- Pasteur Laboratory, Research and Development Department, 4030635 Concepción, Chile; (S.T.D.-C.); (H.B.)
| | - José S. Merino
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agronomy, University of the Americas, 4070254 Concepción, Chile;
| | - Sindy T. Díaz-Castillo
- Pasteur Laboratory, Research and Development Department, 4030635 Concepción, Chile; (S.T.D.-C.); (H.B.)
| | - Carlos T. Smith
- Laboratory of Bacterial Pathogenicity, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, 4070386 Concepción, Chile; (A.J.-M.); (C.T.S.)
| | - Jorge Fuentealba
- Laboratory of Screening of Neuroactive Compounds, Universidad de Concepción, 4070386 Concepción, Chile;
| | - Humberto Bernasconi
- Pasteur Laboratory, Research and Development Department, 4030635 Concepción, Chile; (S.T.D.-C.); (H.B.)
| | | | - Apolinaria García-Cancino
- Laboratory of Bacterial Pathogenicity, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, 4070386 Concepción, Chile; (A.J.-M.); (C.T.S.)
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Vijayasarathy M, Kiran GK, Balaji S, Jabastin J, Bruntha Devi P, Brindha Priyadarisini V. In Vitro Detoxification Studies of p-Cresol by Intestinal Bacteria Isolated from Human Feces. Curr Microbiol 2020; 77:3000-3012. [DOI: 10.1007/s00284-020-02124-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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In Vitro Evaluation of Potential Probiotic Strain Lactococcus lactis Gh1 and Its Bacteriocin-Like Inhibitory Substances for Potential Use in the Food Industry. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2020; 13:422-440. [PMID: 32728855 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-020-09690-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Determination of a microbial strain for the joining into sustenance items requires both in vitro and in vivo assessment. A newly isolated bacteriocin-like inhibitory substance (BLIS) producing lactic acid bacterium, Lactococcus lactis Gh1, was isolated from a traditional flavour enhancer and evaluated in vitro for its potential applications in the food industry. Results from this study showed that L. lactis was tolerant to NaCl (≤ 4.0%, w/v), phenol (≤ 0.4%, w/v), 0.3% (w/v) bile salt, and pH 3. BLIS from L. lactis showed antimicrobial activity against Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 15313 and was susceptible to 10 types of antibiotics. The absence of haemolytic activity and the presence of acid phosphatase and naphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase were observed in L. lactis. L. lactis could coagulate milk and showed a negative response to amylolytic and proteolytic activities and did not secrete β-galactosidase. The antimicrobial activity of BLIS was completely abolished at 121 °C. The BLIS was conserved at 4 °C in BHI and MRS medium up to 6-4 months, respectively. BLIS activity was more stable in BHI as compared to MRS after four freeze-thaw cycles and was not affected by a wide range of pH (pH 4-8). BLIS was sensitive to proteinase k and resistant to catalase and trypsin. The antimicrobial activity was slightly reduced by acetone, ethanol, methanol, and acetonitrile at 10% (v/v) and also towards Tween-80, urea, and NaCl 1% (v/v). Results from this study have demonstrated that L. lactis has a vast potential to be applied in the food industry, such as for the preparation of starter culture, functional foods, and probiotic products.
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Nowak A, Matusiak K, Borowski S, Bakuła T, Opaliński S, Kołacz R, Gutarowska B. Cytotoxicity of Odorous Compounds from Poultry Manure. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2016; 13:ijerph13111046. [PMID: 27792203 PMCID: PMC5129256 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13111046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Revised: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Long-term exposure and inhalation of odorous compounds from poultry manure can be harmful to farm workers and the surrounding residents as well as animals. The aim of the present study was to determine the cytotoxicity and IC50 values of common odorous compounds such as ammonium, dimethylamine, trimethylamine, butyric acid, phenol, and indole in the chick liver hepatocellular carcinoma cell line LMH (Leghorn Male Hepatoma), in vitro, using MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) and PrestoBlue cytotoxicity assays. The cells were microscopically examined for any morphological changes post treatment. Dimethylamine exhibited the strongest cytotoxic effect on LMH cells with an IC50 value of 0.06% and 0.04% after an exposure of 24 h and 48 h, respectively. Both ammonium and trimethylamine had comparable cytotoxicity and their IC50 values were 0.08% and 0.04% after 24 h and 48 h, respectively. Of note, indole had the lowest cytotoxicity as the majority of cells were viable even after 72 h exposure. Thus, the IC50 for indole was not calculated. Results achieved from both MTT and PrestoBlue assays were comparable. Moreover, the morphological changes induced by the tested odours in LMH cells resulted in monolayer destruction, cytoplasm vacuolisation, chromatin condensation, and changes in nucleus and cell shape. Our study showed harmful effects of odorous compounds in chick tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Nowak
- Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Lodz University of Technology, Wolczanska 171/173, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Matusiak
- Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Lodz University of Technology, Wolczanska 171/173, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Sebastian Borowski
- Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Lodz University of Technology, Wolczanska 171/173, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Tadeusz Bakuła
- Department of Veterinary Prevention and Feed Hygiene, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 13, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Sebastian Opaliński
- Department of Environment, Hygiene and Animal Welfare, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chelmonskiego 38 C, 51-630 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Roman Kołacz
- Department of Environment, Hygiene and Animal Welfare, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chelmonskiego 38 C, 51-630 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Beata Gutarowska
- Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Lodz University of Technology, Wolczanska 171/173, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
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Pattananandecha T, Sirilun S, Duangjitcharoen Y, Sivamaruthi BS, Suwannalert P, Peerajan S, Chaiyasut C. Hydrolysed inulin alleviates the azoxymethane-induced preneoplastic aberrant crypt foci by altering selected intestinal microbiota in Sprague-Dawley rats. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2016; 54:1596-1605. [PMID: 26794346 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2015.1110597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Revised: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/10/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Context Inulin, a non-digestible carbohydrate isolated from Helianthus tuberosus L. (Asteraceae), has been shown to alter the gut beneficial bacteria including Lactobacillus spp. and Bifidobacteria. Inulin also influences the activities of intestinal microbiota that could prevent the colon cancer development. Objective This study determines the effect of hydrolysed inulin with different degrees of polymerisation on alteration of intestinal microbiota and their activities on azoxymethane (AOM)-induced preneoplastic aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in rats. Materials and methods Seventy-two male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into six groups (three control and three AOM-treated groups) and the animal were fed with either a normal diet or diet containing 10% of long-chain inulin (InuL) or short-chain inulin (InuS), respectively, for 17 weeks. Colon cancer was induced in rats by injecting AOM subcutaneously at the 8th and 9th week of the study period. At the end of the experiment, cecal contents of rats were examined for selected microbiota, organic acids, putrefactive compounds and microbial enzymes. ACF formation was microscopically examined. Results The inulin diets significantly increased the weight and decreased the pH of the caecal content. The rats fed with InuL-supplemented diet showed approximately 2.9- and 6.8-fold increases in the biomass of Lactobacillus spp. and Bifidobacteria, respectively. Naive and AOM-treated rats fed with inulin-supplemented diet showed ∼1.3- and ∼2.2-fold decreases in the biomass of Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi, respectively. Inulins significantly decreased the colonic concentration of phenol, p-cresol and indole. Reduction in the activity of microbial enzymes such as β-glucuronidase, azoreductase and nitroreductase were observed in inulin-treated animals. Reduction in the ACF formation has been observed in inulin-treated groups. Discussion and conclusion The present study demonstrates that dietary administration of inulin reduces the formation of preneoplastic lesions in the colon, possibly by altering the microecology and microbial activities on carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanawat Pattananandecha
- a Health Product Research and Development Unit , Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University , Chiang Mai , Thailand
| | - Sasithorn Sirilun
- a Health Product Research and Development Unit , Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University , Chiang Mai , Thailand
| | - Yodsawee Duangjitcharoen
- a Health Product Research and Development Unit , Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University , Chiang Mai , Thailand
| | | | - Prasit Suwannalert
- b Department of Pathobiology , Faculty of Science, Mahidol University , Bangkok , Thailand
| | | | - Chaiyavat Chaiyasut
- a Health Product Research and Development Unit , Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University , Chiang Mai , Thailand
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Klewicka E, Zduńczyk Z, Juśkiewicz J, Klewicki R. Effects of Lactofermented Beetroot Juice Alone or with N-nitroso-N-methylurea on Selected Metabolic Parameters, Composition of the Microbiota Adhering to the Gut Epithelium and Antioxidant Status of Rats. Nutrients 2015; 7:5905-15. [PMID: 26193312 PMCID: PMC4517037 DOI: 10.3390/nu7075260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Revised: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
An objective of this work was to assess the biological activity of beetroot juice (Chrobry variety, Beta vulgaris L. ssp. vulgaris), which was lactofermented by probiotic bacteria Lactobacillus brevis 0944 and Lactobacillus paracasei 0920. The oxidative status of blood serum, kidneys, and liver of rats consuming the fermented beetroot juice were determined. The experimental rats were divided into four groups on diet type: Basal diet, basal diet supplemented with fermented beetroot juice, basal diet and N-nitroso-N-methylurea treatment, and basal diet supplemented with fermented beetroot juice and N-nitroso-N-methylurea treatment. Mutagen N-nitroso-N-methylurea, which was added to diet in order to induce aberrant oxidative and biochemical processes and disadvantageous changes in the count and metabolic activity of the gut epithelium microbiota. The nutritional in vivo study showed that supplementing the diet of the rats with the lactofermented beetroot juice reduced the level of ammonia by 17% in the group treated with N-nitroso-N-methylurea. Furthermore, the positive modulation of the gut microflora and its metabolic activity was observed in groups of rats fed with the diet supplemented with the fermented beetroot juice. A concomitant decrease in the b-glucuronidase activity was a consequence of the gut epithelium microbiota modulation. The antioxidant capacity of blood serum aqueous fraction was increased by about 69% in the group of rats treated N-nitroso-N-methylurea mixed with the fermented beetroot juice and N-nitroso-N-methylurea versus to the N-nitroso-N-methylurea treatment, whereas the antioxidant parameters of the blood serum lipid fraction, kidneys, and liver remained unchanged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elżbieta Klewicka
- Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, 171/173 Wolczanska St., 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Zenon Zduńczyk
- Division of Food Science, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research PAS, 10 Tuwima St., 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Jerzy Juśkiewicz
- Division of Food Science, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research PAS, 10 Tuwima St., 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Robert Klewicki
- Institute of Chemical Technology of Food, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, 4/10 Stefanowskiego St. 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
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Fang CY, Lu JR, Chen BJ, Wu C, Chen YP, Chen MJ. Selection of uremic toxin-reducing probiotics in vitro and in vivo. J Funct Foods 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2014.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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