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Liu X, Li W, Ye Z, Zhu Y, Hong X, Zhu X. Morphological characterization and phylogenetic relationships of Indochinese box turtles-The Cuora galbinifrons complex. Ecol Evol 2019; 9:13030-13042. [PMID: 31871627 PMCID: PMC6912918 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.5680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The members of the Indochinese box turtle complex, namely Cuora galbinifrons, Cuora bourreti, and Cuora picturata, rank the most critically endangered turtle species on earth after more than three decades of over-harvesting for food, traditional Chinese medicine, and pet markets. Despite advances in molecular biology, species boundaries and phylogenetic relationships, the status of the C. galbinifrons complex remains unresolved due to the small number of specimens observed and collected in the field. In this study, we present analyses of morphologic characters as well as mitochondrial and nuclear DNA data to reconstruct the species boundaries and systematic relationships within the C. galbinifrons complex. Based on principal component analysis (PCA) and statistical analysis, we found that phenotypic traits partially overlapped among galbinifrons, bourreti, and picturata, and that galbinifrons and bourreti might be only subspecifically distinct. Moreover, we used the mitochondrial genome, COI, and nuclear gene Rag1 under the maximum likelihood criteria and Bayesian inference criteria to elucidate whether C. galbinifrons could be divided into three separate species or subspecies. We found strong support for a sister relationship between picturata and the other two species, and consequently, we recommend maintaining picturata as a full species, and classifying bourreti and galbinifrons as subspecies of C. galbinifrons. These findings provide evidence for a better understanding of the evolutionary histories of these critically endangered turtles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Liu
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic GenomicsMinistry of AgricultureKey Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation of Ministry of AgriculturePearl River Fisheries Research InstituteChinese Academy of Fishery SciencesGuangzhouChina
| | - Wei Li
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic GenomicsMinistry of AgricultureKey Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation of Ministry of AgriculturePearl River Fisheries Research InstituteChinese Academy of Fishery SciencesGuangzhouChina
| | - Zhaoyang Ye
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic GenomicsMinistry of AgricultureKey Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation of Ministry of AgriculturePearl River Fisheries Research InstituteChinese Academy of Fishery SciencesGuangzhouChina
- College of Life Science and FisheriesShanghai Ocean UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yanyu Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic GenomicsMinistry of AgricultureKey Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation of Ministry of AgriculturePearl River Fisheries Research InstituteChinese Academy of Fishery SciencesGuangzhouChina
- College of Life Science and FisheriesShanghai Ocean UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Xiaoyou Hong
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic GenomicsMinistry of AgricultureKey Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation of Ministry of AgriculturePearl River Fisheries Research InstituteChinese Academy of Fishery SciencesGuangzhouChina
| | - Xinping Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic GenomicsMinistry of AgricultureKey Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation of Ministry of AgriculturePearl River Fisheries Research InstituteChinese Academy of Fishery SciencesGuangzhouChina
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Areesirisuk P, Muangmai N, Kunya K, Singchat W, Sillapaprayoon S, Lapbenjakul S, Thapana W, Kantachumpoo A, Baicharoen S, Rerkamnuaychoke B, Peyachoknagul S, Han K, Srikulnath K. Characterization of five complete Cyrtodactylus mitogenome structures reveals low structural diversity and conservation of repeated sequences in the lineage. PeerJ 2018; 6:e6121. [PMID: 30581685 PMCID: PMC6295329 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.6121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) of five Cyrtodactylus were determined. Their compositions and structures were similar to most of the available gecko lizard mitogenomes as 13 protein-coding, two rRNA and 22 tRNA genes. The non-coding control region (CR) of almost all Cyrtodactylus mitogenome structures contained a repeated sequence named the 75-bp box family, except for C. auribalteatus which contained the 225-bp box. Sequence similarities indicated that the 225-bp box resulted from the duplication event of 75-bp boxes, followed by homogenization and fixation in C. auribalteatus. The 75-bp box family was found in most gecko lizards with high conservation (55-75% similarities) and could form secondary structures, suggesting that this repeated sequence family played an important role under selective pressure and might involve mitogenome replication and the likelihood of rearrangements in CR. The 75-bp box family was acquired in the common ancestral genome of the gecko lizard, evolving gradually through each lineage by independent nucleotide mutation. Comparison of gecko lizard mitogenomes revealed low structural diversity with at least six types of mitochondrial gene rearrangements. Cyrtodactylus mitogenome structure showed the same gene rearrangement as found in most gecko lizards. Advanced mitogenome information will enable a better understanding of structure evolution mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prapatsorn Areesirisuk
- Laboratory of Animal Cytogenetics and Comparative Genomics (ACCG), Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Human Genetic Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Consortium of Kasetsart University (ABG-KU), Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Narongrit Muangmai
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Consortium of Kasetsart University (ABG-KU), Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Fishery Biology, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kirati Kunya
- Nakhon Ratchasima Zoo, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
| | - Worapong Singchat
- Laboratory of Animal Cytogenetics and Comparative Genomics (ACCG), Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Consortium of Kasetsart University (ABG-KU), Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Siwapech Sillapaprayoon
- Laboratory of Animal Cytogenetics and Comparative Genomics (ACCG), Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Consortium of Kasetsart University (ABG-KU), Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sorravis Lapbenjakul
- Laboratory of Animal Cytogenetics and Comparative Genomics (ACCG), Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Consortium of Kasetsart University (ABG-KU), Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Watcharaporn Thapana
- Laboratory of Animal Cytogenetics and Comparative Genomics (ACCG), Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Consortium of Kasetsart University (ABG-KU), Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center for Advanced Studies in Tropical Natural Resources, National Research University-Kasetsart University (CASTNAR, NRU-KU, Thailand), Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Attachai Kantachumpoo
- Laboratory of Animal Cytogenetics and Comparative Genomics (ACCG), Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Consortium of Kasetsart University (ABG-KU), Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center for Advanced Studies in Tropical Natural Resources, National Research University-Kasetsart University (CASTNAR, NRU-KU, Thailand), Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sudarath Baicharoen
- Bureau of Conservation and Research, Zoological Park Organization under the Royal Patronage of His Majesty the King, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Budsaba Rerkamnuaychoke
- Human Genetic Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Surin Peyachoknagul
- Laboratory of Animal Cytogenetics and Comparative Genomics (ACCG), Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Kyudong Han
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Kornsorn Srikulnath
- Laboratory of Animal Cytogenetics and Comparative Genomics (ACCG), Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Consortium of Kasetsart University (ABG-KU), Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center for Advanced Studies in Tropical Natural Resources, National Research University-Kasetsart University (CASTNAR, NRU-KU, Thailand), Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence on Agricultural Biotechnology: (AG-BIO/PERDO-CHE), Bangkok, Thailand
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Kundu S, Kumar V, Tyagi K, Chakraborty R, Singha D, Rahaman I, Pakrashi A, Chandra K. Complete mitochondrial genome of Black Soft-shell Turtle (Nilssonia nigricans) and comparative analysis with other Trionychidae. Sci Rep 2018; 8:17378. [PMID: 30478342 PMCID: PMC6255766 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-35822-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The characterization of mitochondrial genome has been evidenced as an efficient field of study for phylogenetic and evolutionary analysis in vertebrates including turtles. The aim of this study was to distinguish the structure and variability of the Trionychidae species mitogenomes through comparative analysis. The complete mitogenome (16796 bp) of an endangered freshwater turtle, Nilssonia nigricans was sequenced and annotated. The mitogenome encoded for 37 genes and a major non-coding control region (CR). The mitogenome was A + T biased (62.16%) and included six overlapping and 19 intergenic spacer regions. The Relative synonymous codon usage (RSCU) value was consistent among all the Trionychidae species; with the exception of significant reduction of Serine (TCG) frequency in N. nigricans, N. formosa, and R. swinhoei. In N. nigricans, most of the transfer RNAs (tRNAs) were folded into classic clover-leaf secondary structures with Watson-Crick base pairing except for trnS1 (GCT). The comparative analysis revealed that most of the tRNAs were structurally different, except for trnE (TTC), trnQ (TTG), and trnM (CAT). The structural features of tRNAs resulted ≥ 10 mismatched or wobble base pairings in 12 tRNAs, which reflects the nucleotide composition in both H- and L-strands. The mitogenome of N. nigricans also revealed two unique tandem repeats (ATTAT)8, and (TATTA)20 in the CR. Further, the conserved motif 5'-GACATA-3' and stable stem-loop structure was detected in the CRs of all Trionychidae species, which play an significant role in regulating transcription and replication in the mitochondrial genome. Further, the comparative analysis of Ka/Ks indicated negative selection in most of the protein coding genes (PCGs). The constructed Maximum Likelihood (ML) phylogeny using all PCGs showed clustering of N. nigricans with N. formosa. The resulting phylogeny illustrated the similar topology as described previously and consistent with the taxonomic classification. However, more sampling from different taxonomic groups of Testudines and studies on their mitogenomics are desirable for better understanding of the phylogenetic and evolutionary relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shantanu Kundu
- Centre for DNA Taxonomy, Molecular Systematics Division, Zoological Survey of India, M-Block, New Alipore, Kolkata, 700 053, West Bengal, India
| | - Vikas Kumar
- Centre for DNA Taxonomy, Molecular Systematics Division, Zoological Survey of India, M-Block, New Alipore, Kolkata, 700 053, West Bengal, India.
| | - Kaomud Tyagi
- Centre for DNA Taxonomy, Molecular Systematics Division, Zoological Survey of India, M-Block, New Alipore, Kolkata, 700 053, West Bengal, India
| | - Rajasree Chakraborty
- Centre for DNA Taxonomy, Molecular Systematics Division, Zoological Survey of India, M-Block, New Alipore, Kolkata, 700 053, West Bengal, India
| | - Devkant Singha
- Centre for DNA Taxonomy, Molecular Systematics Division, Zoological Survey of India, M-Block, New Alipore, Kolkata, 700 053, West Bengal, India
| | - Iftikar Rahaman
- Centre for DNA Taxonomy, Molecular Systematics Division, Zoological Survey of India, M-Block, New Alipore, Kolkata, 700 053, West Bengal, India
| | - Avas Pakrashi
- Centre for DNA Taxonomy, Molecular Systematics Division, Zoological Survey of India, M-Block, New Alipore, Kolkata, 700 053, West Bengal, India
| | - Kailash Chandra
- Centre for DNA Taxonomy, Molecular Systematics Division, Zoological Survey of India, M-Block, New Alipore, Kolkata, 700 053, West Bengal, India
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Lalitha R, Chandavar VR. Analysis of genetic diversity in CYTB and control region sequences of Melanochelys trijuga (Schweigger, 1812) from Karnataka. JOURNAL OF ASIA-PACIFIC BIODIVERSITY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.japb.2018.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Lalitha R, Chandavar VR. Intraspecific variations in Cyt b and D-loop sequences of Testudine species, Lissemys punctata from south Karnataka. J Adv Res 2017; 9:87-95. [PMID: 30046490 PMCID: PMC6057446 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2017.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Revised: 10/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The freshwater Testudine species have gained importance in recent years, as most of their population is threatened due to exploitation for delicacy and pet trade. In this regard, Lissemys punctata, a freshwater terrapin, predominantly distributed in Asian countries has gained its significance for the study. A pilot study report on mitochondrial markers (Cyt b and D-loop) conducted on L. punctata species from southern Karnataka, India was presented in this investigation. A complete region spanning 1.14 kb and ∼1 kb was amplified by HotStart PCR and sequenced by Sanger sequencing. The Cyt b sequence revealed 85 substitution sites, no indels and 17 parsimony informative sites, whereas D-loop showed 189 variable sites, 51 parsimony informative sites with 5′ functional domains TAS, CSB-F, CSBs (1, 2, 3) preceding tandem repeat at 3′ end. Current data highlights the intraspecific variations in these target regions and variations validated using suitable evolutionary models points out that the overall point mutations observed in the region are transitions leading to no structural and functional alterations. The mitochondrial data generated uncover the genetic diversity within species and conservationist can utilize the data to estimate the effective population size or for forensic identification of animal or its seizures during unlawful trade activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Lalitha
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Yuvaraja's College, A Constituent Autonomous College of University of Mysore, Mysore 570005, India
| | - V R Chandavar
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Yuvaraja's College, A Constituent Autonomous College of University of Mysore, Mysore 570005, India
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Yoon KB, Cho CU, Park YC. The mitochondrial genome of the Saunders's gull Chroicocephalus saundersi (Charadriiformes: Laridae) and a higher phylogeny of shorebirds (Charadriiformes). Gene 2015; 572:227-36. [PMID: 26165451 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2015.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Revised: 06/20/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The complete mitogenome of Chroicocephalus saundersi was characterized and compared with the 6 published Charadriiformes mitogenomes. The mitogenome of C. saundersi is a closed circular molecule 16,739 bp in size, and contains 37 genes and a control region. The AT and GC skews are positive and negative, respectively, and in agreement with those of the other Charadriiformes mitogenomes. The mitogenome of C. saundersi contains 3 start codons (ATG, GTG, and ATT), 4 stop codons (TAA, TAG, AGG, and AGA), and an incomplete stop codon (T-) in 13 PCGs. A codon usage analysis of all available Charadriiformes mitogenomes showed that the ATG (78%) and TAA (50.5%) were the most common start codon and stop codon, respectively. An unusual start codon, ATT, is commonly found in the ND3s of Charadriiformes mitogenomes, whereas the more common start codons, ATC and ATA, are rarely found. In all the Laridae species, one extra cytosine was inserted at position 174 in ND3. The control region of C. saundersi is 1180-bp long, with a nucleotide composition of 30.2% A, 28.6% T, 27.3% C, and 14.0% G. Variable numbers of tandem repeats (VNTRs) with nine copies of the 10 bp repeat sequence (AACAACAAAC) are found within the CSB domain of the control region. The ML/BI analyses, based on the amino acids of the 13 mitochondrial PCGs, strongly support the monophyly of the order Charadriiformes, with the suborder Lari considered sister to the Scolopaci, which is in turn a sister group to the suborder Charadrii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwang Bae Yoon
- Division of Forest Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Chea Un Cho
- Species Restoration Technology Institute, Korea National Park Service, Inje 252-829, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung Chul Park
- Division of Forest Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Republic of Korea.
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Zheng C, Nie L, Wang J, Zhou H, Hou H, Wang H, Liu J. Recombination and evolution of duplicate control regions in the mitochondrial genome of the Asian big-headed turtle, Platysternon megacephalum. PLoS One 2013; 8:e82854. [PMID: 24367563 PMCID: PMC3867392 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0082854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2013] [Accepted: 10/29/2013] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Complete mitochondrial (mt) genome sequences with duplicate control regions (CRs) have been detected in various animal species. In Testudines, duplicate mtCRs have been reported in the mtDNA of the Asian big-headed turtle, Platysternon megacephalum, which has three living subspecies. However, the evolutionary pattern of these CRs remains unclear. In this study, we report the completed sequences of duplicate CRs from 20 individuals belonging to three subspecies of this turtle and discuss the micro-evolutionary analysis of the evolution of duplicate CRs. Genetic distances calculated with MEGA 4.1 using the complete duplicate CR sequences revealed that within turtle subspecies, genetic distances between orthologous copies from different individuals were 0.63% for CR1 and 1.2% for CR2app:addword:respectively, and the average distance between paralogous copies of CR1 and CR2 was 4.8%. Phylogenetic relationships were reconstructed from the CR sequences, excluding the variable number of tandem repeats (VNTRs) at the 3' end using three methods: neighbor-joining, maximum likelihood algorithm, and Bayesian inference. These data show that any two CRs within individuals were more genetically distant from orthologous genes in different individuals within the same subspecies. This suggests independent evolution of the two mtCRs within each P. megacephalum subspecies. Reconstruction of separate phylogenetic trees using different CR components (TAS, CD, CSB, and VNTRs) suggested the role of recombination in the evolution of duplicate CRs. Consequently, recombination events were detected using RDP software with break points at ≈290 bp and ≈1,080 bp. Based on these results, we hypothesize that duplicate CRs in P. megacephalum originated from heterological ancestral recombination of mtDNA. Subsequent recombination could have resulted in homogenization during independent evolutionary events, thus maintaining the functions of duplicate CRs in the mtDNA of P. megacephalum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenfei Zheng
- Provincial Key Lab of the Conservation and Exploitation Research of Biological Resources in Anhui, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Liuwang Nie
- Provincial Key Lab of the Conservation and Exploitation Research of Biological Resources in Anhui, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Jue Wang
- Provincial Key Lab of the Conservation and Exploitation Research of Biological Resources in Anhui, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Huaxing Zhou
- Provincial Key Lab of the Conservation and Exploitation Research of Biological Resources in Anhui, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Huazhen Hou
- Provincial Key Lab of the Conservation and Exploitation Research of Biological Resources in Anhui, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Hao Wang
- Provincial Key Lab of the Conservation and Exploitation Research of Biological Resources in Anhui, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Juanjuan Liu
- Provincial Key Lab of the Conservation and Exploitation Research of Biological Resources in Anhui, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, P.R. China
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Shin HW, Jang KH, Ryu SH, Choi EH, Hwang UW. Complete mitochondrial genome of the Korean reeves's turtle Mauremys reevesii (Reptilia, Testudines, Geoemydidae). MITOCHONDRIAL DNA 2013; 26:676-677. [PMID: 24102604 DOI: 10.3109/19401736.2013.840603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The mitochondrial genome of Korean reeves's turtle Mauremys reevesii (Reptilia, Testudines, Geoemydidae) was studied. The complete mitochondrial genome sequence of M. reevesii was 16,784 bp in length and its gene arrangement pattern, gene content and gene organization is identical to those of geoemydids. The control region (CR) was located between the tRNA(Pro) and tRNA(Phe) genes and is 1253 bp in length. The typical conserved domains such as TAS and CSB-F, and CSB1, CSB2 and CSB3 were identified in the CR of geoemydids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Won Shin
- a Department of Biology , Teachers College, Kyungpook National University , Daegu , South Korea
- b Daegu Science High School , Daegu , South Korea , and
| | - Kuem Hee Jang
- c Institute for Phylogenomics and Evolution, Kyungpook National University , Daegu , South Korea
| | - Shi Hyun Ryu
- c Institute for Phylogenomics and Evolution, Kyungpook National University , Daegu , South Korea
| | - Eun Hwa Choi
- c Institute for Phylogenomics and Evolution, Kyungpook National University , Daegu , South Korea
| | - Ui Wook Hwang
- a Department of Biology , Teachers College, Kyungpook National University , Daegu , South Korea
- c Institute for Phylogenomics and Evolution, Kyungpook National University , Daegu , South Korea
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Kaur T, Japning JRR, Sabki MS, Sidik I, Chong LK, Ong AHK. Genetic Diversity of Tomistoma schlegelii Inferred from mtDNA Markers. Biochem Genet 2013; 51:275-95. [DOI: 10.1007/s10528-012-9562-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2012] [Accepted: 09/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Comparison research and phylogenetic implications of mitochondrial control regions in four soft-shelled turtles of Trionychia (Reptilia, Testudinata). Genes Genomics 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s13258-010-0015-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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