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Cai T, Wu W, Guo L, Xia Y, Jiang X, Zhang L, Peng F, Ming P. Notoginsenoside R1 induces DNA damage via PHF6 protein to inhibit cervical carcinoma cell proliferation. Mol Med Rep 2021; 23:242. [PMID: 33537816 PMCID: PMC7893804 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.11881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Notoginsenoside R1 (NGR1), a monomer of Traditional Chinese medicine, is from the Panax notoginsenoside complex, and has been reported to inhibit the proliferation of various types of cancer. However the mechanism underlying NGR1-mediated inhibition of cervical carcinoma cell proliferation remains unclear. Therefore, the current study aimed to investigate the antitumor effects of NGR1 on cervical carcinoma cell lines (CaSki and HeLa cells) in vitro. The Cell Counting Kit-8 and soft agar cell colony formation assay results revealed that NGR1 suppressed the viability and the number colonies of CaSki and HeLa cells, respectively. Furthermore, the DAPI staining, flow cytometry and western blotting results revealed that NGR1 induced cervical carcinoma cell apoptosis, cell cycle arrest in the S phase, upregulation of cyclin A2 and CDK2 expression levels, and downregulation of cyclin D1 expression levels. To further investigate the mechanisms of NGR1, DNA-damage-related proteins, including H2A.X variant histone (H2AX), ATR serine/threonine kinase (ATR) and p53, and the nucleolus protein, plant homeodomain finger protein 6 (PHF6) were analyzed. The results indicated that NGR1 triggered the phosphorylation of H2AX and ATR in a dose- and time-dependent manner, and downregulated the expression level of PHF6 and upregulated the expression level of p53 in a dose- and time-dependent manner. In conclusion, the findings of the present indicated that NGR1 may inhibit the viability of cervical carcinoma cells and induce cell apoptosis via DNA damage, which may be activated by the downregulation of PHF6 expression levels, and the subsequent triggering of the phosphorylation of H2AX and ATR. In addition, NGR1 may exert an ability to arrest cervical carcinoma cells in the S phase and upregulate the expression levels of cyclin A2 and CDK2. Therefore, NGR1 may serve as a novel chemotherapeutic agent for cervical carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Cai
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, P.R. China
| | - Wenquan Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The People's Hospital of Longhua, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518109, P.R. China
| | - Longhua Guo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The People's Hospital of Longhua, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518109, P.R. China
| | - Yongwu Xia
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The People's Hospital of Longhua, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518109, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoxin Jiang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The People's Hospital of Longhua, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518109, P.R. China
| | - Limei Zhang
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, P.R. China
| | - Feiding Peng
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, P.R. China
| | - Pinghong Ming
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The People's Hospital of Longhua, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518109, P.R. China
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Chen X, Wei S, Ma H, Jin G, Hu Z, Suping H, Li D, Hang D, Wu X, Li N. Telomere length in cervical exfoliated cells, interaction with HPV genotype, and cervical cancer occurrence among high-risk HPV-positive women. Cancer Med 2019; 8:4845-4851. [PMID: 31243901 PMCID: PMC6712472 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection is recognized as the main cause of cervical cancer, only a minority of HPV-infected women develop this malignancy. Increasing evidence suggests that alterations of telomere length might be implicated in carcinogenesis. However, the association between cervical cancer and telomere length remains unknown. METHODS This case-control study included 591 cervical cancer patients and 373 cancer-free controls, all of whom were infected with HR-HPV. Relative telomere length (RTL) in cervical cancer exfoliated cells was measured by quantitative PCR. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by logistic regression analysis. RESULTS HPV16, 18, 52, and 58 were common in both case and control groups. The proportion of HPV16 infection tended to increase across the quartiles of RTL (Ptrend < 0.001). There was no statistically significant association of RTL with tumor differentiation, histological type, and FIGO stage. After adjustment for age and HPV types, the lowest quartile of RTL presented a 49% lower risk (OR = 0.51, 95% CI: 0.35, 0.76; P < 0.001) than those with the highest quartile of RTL. There was also a dose-response relationship of shorter RTL on lower risk of cervical cancer (Ptrend < 0.001). CONCLUSION Shortened telomere length in cervical exfoliated cells was related to the lower risk of cervical cancer among HR-HPV-positive women, which might help to improve cervical cancer screening and surveillance. Further prospective studies with large sample should be designed to validate our preliminary findings, and evaluate the potential efficacy of telomere length for cervical cancer screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Chen
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Sun Wei
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongxia Ma
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guangfu Jin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhibin Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Han Suping
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dake Li
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Dong Hang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaohua Wu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Ni Li
- National Office for Cancer Prevention and Control, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Pańczyszyn A, Boniewska-Bernacka E, Głąb G. Telomeres and Telomerase During Human Papillomavirus-Induced Carcinogenesis. Mol Diagn Ther 2018; 22:421-430. [PMID: 29777397 PMCID: PMC6061425 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-018-0336-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) belong to a small spherical virus family and are transmitted through direct contact, most often through sexual behavior. More than 200 types of HPV are known, a dozen or so of which are classified as high-risk viruses (HR HPV) and may contribute to the development of cervical cancer. HPV is a small virus with a capsid composed of L1 and L2 proteins, which are crucial for entry to the cell. The infection begins at the basal cell layer and progresses to involve cells from higher layers of the cervical epithelium. E6 and E7 viral proteins are involved in the process of carcinogenesis. They interact with suppressors of oncogenesis, including p53 and Rb proteins. This leads to DNA replication and intensive cell divisions. The persistent HR HPV infection leads to the development of dysplasia and these changes may progress to invasive cancer. During the initial stage of carcinogenesis, telomeres shorten until telomerase activates. The activation of telomerase, the enzyme necessary to extend chromosome ends (telomeres) is the key step in cell immortalization. Analyzing the expression level of hTERT and hTERC genes encoding telomerase and telomere length measurement may constitute new markers of the early carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Pańczyszyn
- Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, University of Opole, ul. Kominka 6, 45-035, Opole, Poland.
| | - Ewa Boniewska-Bernacka
- Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, University of Opole, ul. Kominka 6, 45-035, Opole, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Głąb
- Public Higher Medical Professional School in Opole, Opole, Poland
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Molano M, Martín DC, Moreno-Acosta P, Hernández G, Cornall A, Buitrago O, Gamboa O, Garland S, Tabrizi S, Muñoz N. Telomerase activity in cervical scrapes of women with high-grade cervical disease: A nested case-control study. Oncol Lett 2017; 15:354-360. [PMID: 29387223 PMCID: PMC5768073 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological information on telomerase activity (TA) and development of cervical lesions is scarce. A nested case-control study was carried out within a cohort of Colombian women tested for Human Papillomavirus (HPV). Measurement of TA was done in cervical scrapes of 25 women who developed High Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion (HGSIL) during the first 6 years of follow-up and was compared with that of 104 control women who maintained normal cytology during the entire follow-up. TA was measured by a telomerase repeat amplification protocol-ELISA. TA and HPV infections were significantly more frequent in cases than in controls. Likewise, 68% of the cases were positive for both TA and HPV compared with only 7.7% of the controls (P<0.0001). Factors independently associated with increased odds of HGSIL included TA, high risk HPV (hrHPV) infections and multiple parities. When restricted to hrHPV positive women, TA was strongly associated with increased odds of HGSIL (adjusted odds ratio=37.94, 95% confidence interval, 1.64–678.1). In addition to an infection with hrHPV, TA appears to be a significant cofactor for HGSIL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Molano
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Research Group in Cancer Biology, National Cancer Institute, Bogotá 11001000, Colombia.,Research Group in Radiobiology Clinical, Molecular and Cellular, National Cancer Institute, Bogotá 11001000, Colombia
| | - Diana Carolina Martín
- Research Group in Cancer Biology, National Cancer Institute, Bogotá 11001000, Colombia
| | - Pablo Moreno-Acosta
- Research Group in Cancer Biology, National Cancer Institute, Bogotá 11001000, Colombia.,Research Group in Radiobiology Clinical, Molecular and Cellular, National Cancer Institute, Bogotá 11001000, Colombia
| | | | - Alyssa Cornall
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Oscar Buitrago
- Research Group in Cancer Biology, National Cancer Institute, Bogotá 11001000, Colombia
| | - Oscar Gamboa
- Unit of Analysis, National Cancer Institute, Bogotá 11001000, Colombia
| | - Suzanne Garland
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Sepehr Tabrizi
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Nubia Muñoz
- National Cancer Institute, Bogotá 11001000, Colombia
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Sharma M, Satyam A, Abhishek A, Khan R, Rajappa M, Sharma A. Molecular and Circulatory Expression of Insulin Growth Factors in Indian Females with Advanced Cervical Cancer. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2012; 13:6475-9. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2012.13.12.6475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Joshi S, Tiwari A, Mondal B, Sharma A. Oncoproteomics. Clin Chim Acta 2011; 412:217-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2010.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2010] [Revised: 10/03/2010] [Accepted: 10/03/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Genomic amplification of the human telomerase RNA gene for differential diagnosis of cervical disorders. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 191:10-6. [PMID: 19389503 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergencyto.2009.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2008] [Revised: 01/02/2009] [Accepted: 01/05/2009] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate genomic amplification of the human telomerase RNA gene (TERC) as a supportive approach to cytopathology or histopathology in diagnosis of low-grade and high-grade uterine cervical lesions, 1,033 Chinese women at three medical centers had liquid-based thin-layer cytopathologic examination and TERC detection by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Human papillomavirus DNA testing, colposcopy with or without biopsy, and histopathologic examination were conducted as needed. In cytopathologic examination, genomic amplification of TERC was found in 30 of 659 (4.6%) normal or benign cellular changes; in 23 of 170 (13.5%) atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS); in 8 of 28 (28.6%) atypical squamous cells with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion possible (ASC-H); and in 26 of 103 (25.2%) low-grade (LSIL) and 64 of 73 (87.7%) high-grade (HSIL) squamous intraepithelial lesions; with pairwise significant difference (P< 0.05) in each, except ASC-H and LSIL (chi(2) = 0.127, P = 0.72). In histopathologic examination, TERC was amplified in 28 of 671 (4.2%) normal, inflammatory, or wart cases; in 17 of 233 (7.3%) cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 1 cases (CIN 1); in 27 of 39 (69.2%) CIN 2 cases; in 57 of 67 (85.1%) CIN 3 cases; and in 22 of 23 (95.7%) cervical cancer cases; with pairwise significant difference in each (P < 0.05). The number of cells with abnormal signals increased and the abnormal signal patterns were diversified with increasing severity of cervical dysplasia. FISH detection of TERC amplification may provide an effective, noninvasive approach in conjunction with cytopathologic or histopathologic evaluation for differential diagnosis of low- and high-grade cervical disorders.
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Goswami B, Rajappa M, Sharma M, Sharma A. Inflammation: its role and interplay in the development of cancer, with special focus on gynecological malignancies. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2007; 18:591-9. [PMID: 17944921 DOI: 10.1111/j.1525-1438.2007.01089.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The relationship between inflammation and cancer is intriguing. Mechanisms contributing to the pathobiology of carcinogenesis are multiple and complex. Many aspects still elude researchers and are subjects of intense speculation and debate, for example, the triggering factor for malignant transformation in inflammation. A comprehensive literature search was conducted from the Web sites of the National Library of Medicine and Pubmed Central, the US National Library of Medicine's digital archive of life sciences literature. The data were accessed from books and journals that published recent articles in this field. Several recent studies have identified nuclear factor-kappa B as a key modulator in driving inflammation to cancers. An inflammatory microenvironment inhabiting various inflammatory cells and a network of signaling molecules is essential for the malignant progression of transformed cells. This is attributed to the mutagenic predisposition of persistent infection-fighting agents at sites of chronic inflammation. The appreciation of the role of inflammation in carcinogenesis provides a mechanistic framework to understand clinical benefits of newer therapeutic strategies An in-depth knowledge about various pathogenic mechanisms involved in cancer will help clinicians in better management of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Goswami
- Department of Biochemistry, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India
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