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Mattioli R, Pascarella G, D'Incà R, Cona A, Angelini R, Morea V, Tavladoraki P. Arabidopsis N-acetyltransferase activity 2 preferentially acetylates 1,3-diaminopropane and thialysine. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2022; 170:123-132. [PMID: 34871830 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Polyamine acetylation has an important regulatory role in polyamine metabolism. It is catalysed by GCN5-related N-acetyltransferases, which transfer acetyl groups from acetyl-coenzyme A to the primary amino groups of spermidine, spermine (Spm), or other polyamines and diamines, as was shown for the human Spermidine/Spermine N1-acetyltransferase 1 (HsSSAT1). SSAT homologues specific for thialysine, a cysteine-derived lysine analogue, were also identified (e.g., HsSSAT2). Two HsSSAT1 homologues are present in Arabidopsis, namely N-acetyltransferase activity (AtNATA) 1 and 2. AtNATA1 was previously shown to be specific for 1,3-diaminopropane, ornithine, putrescine and thialysine, rather than Spm and spermidine. In the present study, in an attempt to find a plant Spm-specific SSAT, AtNATA2 was expressed in a heterologous bacterial system and catalytic properties of the recombinant protein were determined. Data indicate that recombinant AtNATA2 preferentially acetylates 1,3-diaminopropane and thialysine, throwing further light on AtNATA1 substrate specificity. Structural analyses evidenced that the preference of AtNATA1, AtNATA2 and HsSSAT2 for short amine substrates can be ascribed to different main-chain conformation or substitution of HsSSAT1 residues interacting with Spm distal regions. Moreover, gene expression studies evidenced that AtNATA1 gene, but not AtNATA2, is up-regulated by cytokinins, thermospermine and Spm, suggesting the existence of a link between AtNATAs and N1-acetyl-Spm metabolism. This study provides insights into polyamine metabolism and structural determinants of substrate specificity of non Spm-specific SSAT homologues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Mattioli
- Department of Science, University 'Roma Tre', Viale G. Marconi 446, Rome, 00146, Italy
| | - Gianmarco Pascarella
- Department of Biochemical Sciences 'A. Rossi Fanelli', 'Sapienza' University, Rome, 00185, Italy
| | - Riccardo D'Incà
- Department of Science, University 'Roma Tre', Viale G. Marconi 446, Rome, 00146, Italy
| | - Alessandra Cona
- Department of Science, University 'Roma Tre', Viale G. Marconi 446, Rome, 00146, Italy; Interuniversity Consortium on Biostructures and Biosystems (INBB), Rome, 00136, Italy
| | - Riccardo Angelini
- Department of Science, University 'Roma Tre', Viale G. Marconi 446, Rome, 00146, Italy; Interuniversity Consortium on Biostructures and Biosystems (INBB), Rome, 00136, Italy
| | - Veronica Morea
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, The National Research Council of Italy, Rome, 00185, Italy.
| | - Paraskevi Tavladoraki
- Department of Science, University 'Roma Tre', Viale G. Marconi 446, Rome, 00146, Italy; Interuniversity Consortium on Biostructures and Biosystems (INBB), Rome, 00136, Italy.
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Arroo RRJ, Bhambra AS, Hano C, Renda G, Ruparelia KC, Wang MF. Analysis of plant secondary metabolism using stable isotope-labelled precursors. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2021; 32:62-68. [PMID: 32706176 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Analysis of biochemical pathways typically involves feeding a labelled precursor to an organism, and then monitoring the metabolic fate of the label. Initial studies used radioisotopes as a label and then monitored radioactivity in the metabolic products. As analytical equipment improved and became more widely available, preference shifted the use stable 'heavy' isotopes like deuterium (2 H)-, carbon-13 (13 C)- and nitrogen-15 (15 N)-atoms as labels. Incorporation of the labels could be monitored by mass spectrometry (MS), as part of a hyphenated tool kits, e.g. Liquid chromatography (LC)-MS, gas chromatography (GC)-MS, LC-MS/MS. MS offers great sensitivity but the exact location of an isotope label in a given metabolite cannot always be unambiguously established. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) can also be used to pick up signals of stable isotopes, and can give information on the precise location of incorporated label in the metabolites. However, the detection limit for NMR is quite a bit higher than that for MS. OBJECTIVES A number of experiments involving feeding stable isotope-labelled precursors followed by NMR analysis of the metabolites is presented. The aim is to highlight the use of NMR analysis in identifying the precise fate of isotope labels after precursor feeding experiments. As more powerful NMR equipment becomes available, applications as described in this review may become more commonplace in pathway analysis. CONCLUSION AND PROSPECTS NMR is a widely accepted tool for chemical structure elucidation and is now increasingly used in metabolomic studies. In addition, NMR, combined with stable isotope feeding, should be considered as a tool for metabolic flux analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randolph R J Arroo
- Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK
| | - Avninder S Bhambra
- Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK
| | | | - Gülin Renda
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Karadeniz Technical University, Ortahisar/Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Ketan C Ruparelia
- Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK
| | - Meng F Wang
- Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK
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Massou S, Nicolas C, Letisse F, Portais JC. NMR-based fluxomics: quantitative 2D NMR methods for isotopomers analysis. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2007; 68:2330-40. [PMID: 17466349 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2007.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2007] [Revised: 03/03/2007] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
We have investigated the reliability of 2D-COSY and 2D-TOCSY experiments to provide accurate measurements of (13)C-enrichments in complex mixtures of (13)C-labelled metabolites. This was done from both theoretical considerations and experimental investigations. The results showed that 2D-TOCSY but not 2D-COSY could provide accurate measurements of (13)C-enrichments, provided efficient zero-quantum filters were applied during the mixing period. This approach extends the range of NMR methods applicable in (13)C-labelling experiments and is suitable to investigating the dynamic behaviour of metabolic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Massou
- Laboratoire Biotechnologie - Bioprocédés, UMR INSA/CNRS 5504 INRA 792, LBB/INSA, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
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Besse P, Combourieu B, Boyse G, Sancelme M, De Wever H, Delort AM. Long-range (1)H-(15)N heteronuclear shift correlation at natural abundance: a tool to study benzothiazole biodegradation by two rhodococcus strains. Appl Environ Microbiol 2001; 67:1412-7. [PMID: 11282584 PMCID: PMC92748 DOI: 10.1128/aem.67.4.1412-1417.2001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The biodegradation of benzothiazole and 2-hydroxybenzothiazole by two strains of Rhodococcus was monitored by reversed phase high-pressure liquid chromatography and by (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Both xenobiotics were biotransformed into a hydroxylated derivative of 2-hydroxybenzothiazole by these two strains. The chemical structure of this metabolite was determined by a new NMR methodology: long-range (1)H-(15)N heteronuclear shift correlation without any previous (15)N enrichment of the compound. This powerful NMR tool allowed us to assign the metabolite structure to 2,6-dihydroxybenzothiazole.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Besse
- Laboratoire de Synthèse et Etude de Systèmes à Intérêt Biologique, UMR 6504 du CNRS, Université Blaise Pascal, 63177 Aubière Cedex, France
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