Possible Immunomodulating Effect of Retinol on Cytokines Secretion in Patients with Recurrent Furunculosis

Interleukin-22 and Its Correlation with Disease Activity in Plaque Psoriasis

Psoriasis is a chronic debilitating skin disease with an estimated prevalence reaching 2% of the worldwide population. Psoriatic disease is driven by a network of complicated reciprocal interactions among innate and adaptive mechanisms of immune system with structural components of the skin. Interleukin (IL)-22 mediates keratinocyte proliferation and epidermal hyperplasia, inhibits terminal differentiation of keratinocytes, and induces the production of antimicrobial proteins. The aim of this study was the assessment of IL-22 levels and its correlation with disease activity in plaque psoriasis. The study group included 64 patients with mild, moderate and severe psoriasis. Control group was composed of 24 sex- and age-matched healthy volunteers. IL-22 concentration was assessed in supernatants of T-cell cultures as well as in the plasma of study and control group with the use of ELISA method. Statistical analysis showed that concentration of IL-22 in cultures exposed to staphylococcal enterotoxin B was significantly higher than in control samples (p = 0.005) and cultures treated with IL-12 (p = 0.005). Patients with psoriasis presented significantly higher concentrations of IL-22 than healthy individuals (p = 0.0000001). In conclusion, IL-22 may collaborate with other soluble factors and cells together forming inflammatory circuits that otherwise exist as constitutive or inducible pathways in normal skin and become pathologically amplificated in psoriasis. Targeting IL-22 may be promising as a potential therapeutic for plaque psoriasis.

A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials to evaluating the trend of cytokines to vitamin A supplementation in autoimmune diseases

BACKGROUND & AIMS

Vitamin A is considered as a supplement that effect on autoimmune diseases. We aimed to systematically review the effect of vitamin A on cytokines in patients with autoimmune disease.

METHODS

Two researchers searched Scopus and PubMed until May 2018. Researchers extracted data from 6 eligible published papers. Extracted data included the gene expression of the inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines.

RESULTS

Fixed effect analysis of the WMD (95% CI) of the changes in gene expression showed that gene expression of the inflammatory (IL-17, IFN-γ and T-bet) and anti-inflammatory (TGF-β and FOXP3) cytokines significantly decreased and increased due to vitamin A supplementation in patients with autoimmune (Multiple sclerosis and atherosclerosis) diseases.

CONCLUSIONS

Vitamin A supplementation effects on gene expression and may improve serum level of cytokines and clinical signs of autoimmune disease but there is no adequate evidence.