1
|
Zhang Y, Chen H, Huang C. Optimizing health-span: advances in stem cell medicine and longevity research. MEDICAL REVIEW (2021) 2023; 3:351-355. [PMID: 38235402 PMCID: PMC10790209 DOI: 10.1515/mr-2023-0040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- Shenzhen Futian Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Shenzhen, Guangdon, China
- Hezhou (the City of Longevity) Dongrong Yao Medicine Research Institute, Joint Institute of Shenzhen University and Hezhou Hospital for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hezhou, Guangxi, China
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Clinical College of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hexin Chen
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Cibo Huang
- Department of Rheumatology, Immunology and Gerontology, South-China Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
The Potential of Fibroblast Transdifferentiation to Neuron Using Hydrogels. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9040632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently there is a big drive to generate neurons from differentiated cells which would be of great benefit for regenerative medicine, tissue engineering and drug screening. Most studies used transcription factors, epigenetic reprogramming and/or chromatin remodeling drugs which might reflect incomplete reprogramming or progressive deregulation of the new program. In this review, we present a potential different method for cellular reprogramming/transdifferentiation to potentially enhance regeneration of neurons. We focus on the use of biomaterials, specifically hydrogels, to act as non-invasive tools to direct transdifferentiation, and we draw parallel with existing transcriptional and epigenetic methods. Hydrogels are attractive materials because the properties of hydrogels can be modified, and various natural and synthetic substances can be employed. Incorporation of extracellular matrix (ECM) substances and composite materials allows mechanical properties and degradation rate to be controlled. Moreover, hydrogels in combinations with other physical and mechanical stimuli such as electric current, shear stress and tensile force will be mentioned in this review.
Collapse
|
3
|
Liu ZH, Li J, Xia J, Jiang R, Zuo GW, Li XP, Chen Y, Xiong W, Chen DL. Ginsenoside 20(s)-Rh2 as potent natural histone deacetylase inhibitors suppressing the growth of human leukemia cells. Chem Biol Interact 2015; 242:227-34. [PMID: 26482938 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2015.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Revised: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Activation and abnormal expression of histone deacetylase (HDAC) which is important target for cancer therapeutics are related to the occurrence of human leukemia. 20(s)-Ginsenoside Rh2 (20(s)-Rh2) may be a potential HDAC inhibitor (HDACi) of leukemia, but the mechanism has not been reported. METHODS The cell proliferation and apoptosis was assessed in cultured K562 and KG-1α cells. The protein expression was measured with immunoblotting. The activities of HDAC and histone acetyltransferase (HAT) were measured with BCA. In vivo experiments were performed on naked mice carrying K562 cells for assessment of tumor growth, apoptosis, protein expression, and HDAC/HAT activities. RESULTS 20(s)-Rh2 effectively induced cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase and apoptosis in K562 and KG1-α cells, decreased the levels of proteins associated with cell proliferation (Cyclin D1, Bcl-2, ERK, p-ERK) and activated pro-apoptotic proteins (Bax, cleaved Caspase-3, p38, p-p38, JNK, p-JNK). 20(s)-Rh2 down-regulated HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC6, increased histone H3 acetylation and HAT activity. Moreover, 20(s)-Rh2 inhibited the growth of human leukemia xenograft tumors in vivo. CONCLUSION 20(s)-Rh2 inhibited the proliferation of K562 and KG1-α cell by reducing the expression and activity of HDACs, increasing histone acetylation, and regulating key proteins in the downstream signaling pathways. Therefore, 20(s)-Rh2 could become a potential natural HDACi for chemotherapy of leukemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Hong Liu
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Jing Li
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Jing Xia
- Department of Human Anatomy, Chongqing Medical and Health School, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Rong Jiang
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Guo-Wei Zuo
- Key Laboratories of Clinical Diagnostics, Province and Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xiao-Peng Li
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Di-Long Chen
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Coghlin C, Murray GI. The role of gene regulatory networks in promoting cancer progression and metastasis. Future Oncol 2014; 10:735-48. [DOI: 10.2217/fon.13.264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT: The majority of deaths owing to cancer are ultimately caused by metastatic disease. However, most research, to date, has focused on the molecular features of cancers at their primary sites rather than on understanding disseminated malignancy in its systemic form. The dynamic nature of metastatic malignancy and its behavior as a co-ordinated systemic disease require a cancer progression paradigm that is integrative and can incorporate both the proximate causes of cancer and the broader ultimate causes in an evolutionary and developmental context. The study of robust cellular attractor states that arise directly from the architectural patterns contained within gene regulatory networks is proposed as a conceptual framework through which many of the other disparate models of cancer metastasis can be more clearly viewed and, ultimately, unified, thus providing a new conceptual framework in which to understand cancer progression and metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Coghlin
- Department of Pathology, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, NHS Grampian, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Graeme I Murray
- Pathology, Division of Applied Medicine, School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bizzarri M, Palombo A, Cucina A. Theoretical aspects of Systems Biology. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2013; 112:33-43. [PMID: 23562476 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2013.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2013] [Revised: 03/20/2013] [Accepted: 03/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The natural world consists of hierarchical levels of complexity that range from subatomic particles and molecules to ecosystems and beyond. This implies that, in order to explain the features and behavior of a whole system, a theory might be required that would operate at the corresponding hierarchical level, i.e. where self-organization processes take place. In the past, biological research has focused on questions that could be answered by a reductionist program of genetics. The organism (and its development) was considered an epiphenomenona of its genes. However, a profound rethinking of the biological paradigm is now underway and it is likely that such a process will lead to a conceptual revolution emerging from the ashes of reductionism. This revolution implies the search for general principles on which a cogent theory of biology might rely. Because much of the logic of living systems is located at higher levels, it is imperative to focus on them. Indeed, both evolution and physiology work on these levels. Thus, by no means Systems Biology could be considered a 'simple' 'gradual' extension of Molecular Biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariano Bizzarri
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Systems Biology Group Lab, Sapienza University of Rome, via Scarpa 14-16, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tao YF, Pang L, Du XJ, Sun LC, Hu SY, Lu J, Cao L, Zhao WL, Feng X, Wang J, Wu D, Wang N, Ni J, Pan J. Differential mRNA expression levels of human histone-modifying enzymes in normal karyotype B cell pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:3376-94. [PMID: 23389039 PMCID: PMC3588049 DOI: 10.3390/ijms14023376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2012] [Revised: 01/29/2013] [Accepted: 01/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone modification enzymes regulate gene expression by altering the accessibility of promoters to transcription factors. We sought to determine whether the genes encoding histone modification enzymes are dysregulated in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). A real-time PCR array was designed, tested and used to profile the expression of 85 genes encoding histone modification enzymes in bone marrow mononuclear cells from 30 pediatric ALL patients and 20 normal controls. The expression profile of histone-modifying genes was significantly different between normal karyotype B cell pediatric ALL and normal controls. Eleven genes were upregulated in pediatric ALL, including the histone deacetylases HDAC2 and PAK1, and seven genes were downregulated, including PRMT2 and the putative tumor suppressor EP300. Future studies will seek to determine whether these genes serve as biomarkers of pediatric ALL. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis revealed that Gene Expression and Organ Morphology was the highest rated network, with 13 focus molecules (significance score = 35). Ingenuity Pathway Analysis also indicated that curcumin and miR-34 are upstream regulators of histone-modifying enzymes; future studies will seek to validate these results and examine the role of curcumin and miR-34 in leukemia. This study provides new clues into the molecular mechanisms of pediatric ALL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Fang Tao
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children’s Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, Jiangsu, China; E-Mails: (Y.-F.T.); (L.P.); (S.-Y.H.); (J.L.); (L.C.); (W.-L.Z.); (X.F.); (J.W.); (D.W.); (N.W.)
| | - Li Pang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children’s Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, Jiangsu, China; E-Mails: (Y.-F.T.); (L.P.); (S.-Y.H.); (J.L.); (L.C.); (W.-L.Z.); (X.F.); (J.W.); (D.W.); (N.W.)
| | - Xiao-Juan Du
- Department of Gastroenterology, the 5th Hospital of Chinese PLA, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China; E-Mail:
| | - Li-Chao Sun
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Cancer Institute (Hospital), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing100021, China; E-Mail:
| | - Shao-Yan Hu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children’s Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, Jiangsu, China; E-Mails: (Y.-F.T.); (L.P.); (S.-Y.H.); (J.L.); (L.C.); (W.-L.Z.); (X.F.); (J.W.); (D.W.); (N.W.)
| | - Jun Lu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children’s Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, Jiangsu, China; E-Mails: (Y.-F.T.); (L.P.); (S.-Y.H.); (J.L.); (L.C.); (W.-L.Z.); (X.F.); (J.W.); (D.W.); (N.W.)
| | - Lan Cao
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children’s Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, Jiangsu, China; E-Mails: (Y.-F.T.); (L.P.); (S.-Y.H.); (J.L.); (L.C.); (W.-L.Z.); (X.F.); (J.W.); (D.W.); (N.W.)
| | - Wen-Li Zhao
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children’s Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, Jiangsu, China; E-Mails: (Y.-F.T.); (L.P.); (S.-Y.H.); (J.L.); (L.C.); (W.-L.Z.); (X.F.); (J.W.); (D.W.); (N.W.)
| | - Xing Feng
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children’s Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, Jiangsu, China; E-Mails: (Y.-F.T.); (L.P.); (S.-Y.H.); (J.L.); (L.C.); (W.-L.Z.); (X.F.); (J.W.); (D.W.); (N.W.)
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children’s Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, Jiangsu, China; E-Mails: (Y.-F.T.); (L.P.); (S.-Y.H.); (J.L.); (L.C.); (W.-L.Z.); (X.F.); (J.W.); (D.W.); (N.W.)
| | - Dong Wu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children’s Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, Jiangsu, China; E-Mails: (Y.-F.T.); (L.P.); (S.-Y.H.); (J.L.); (L.C.); (W.-L.Z.); (X.F.); (J.W.); (D.W.); (N.W.)
| | - Na Wang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children’s Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, Jiangsu, China; E-Mails: (Y.-F.T.); (L.P.); (S.-Y.H.); (J.L.); (L.C.); (W.-L.Z.); (X.F.); (J.W.); (D.W.); (N.W.)
| | - Jian Ni
- Translational Research Center, The Second Clinical School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210011, Jiangsu, China; E-Mail:
| | - Jian Pan
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children’s Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, Jiangsu, China; E-Mails: (Y.-F.T.); (L.P.); (S.-Y.H.); (J.L.); (L.C.); (W.-L.Z.); (X.F.); (J.W.); (D.W.); (N.W.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel./Fax: +86-512-6778-8216
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang X. Microarray analysis of ageing-related signatures and their expression in tumors based on a computational biology approach. GENOMICS PROTEOMICS & BIOINFORMATICS 2012; 10:136-41. [PMID: 22917186 PMCID: PMC3586943 DOI: 10.1016/j.gpb.2012.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2011] [Revised: 01/03/2012] [Accepted: 01/30/2012] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Ageing and cancer have been associated with genetic and genomic changes. The identification of common signatures between ageing and cancer can reveal shared molecular mechanisms underlying them. In this study, we collected ageing-related gene signatures from ten published studies involved in six different human tissues and an online resource. We found that most of these gene signatures were tissue-specific and a few were related to multiple tissues. We performed a genome-wide examination of the expression of these signatures in various human tumor types, and found that a large proportion of these signatures were universally differentially expressed among normal vs. tumor phenotypes. Functional analyses of the highly-overlapping genes between ageing and cancer using DAVID tools have identified important functional categories and pathways linking ageing with cancer. The convergent and divergent mechanisms between ageing and cancer are discussed. This study provides insights into the biology of ageing and cancer, suggesting the possibility of potential interventions aimed at postponing ageing and preventing cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaosheng Wang
- Biometric Research Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20852, USA.
| |
Collapse
|