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Liu X, Shen H, Zhang L, Huang W, Zhang S, Zhang B. Immunotherapy for recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma. NPJ Precis Oncol 2024; 8:101. [PMID: 38755255 PMCID: PMC11099100 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-024-00601-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy, particularly immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), such as anti-programmed death 1/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) therapy, has emerged as a pivotal treatment modality for solid tumors, including recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (R/M-NPC). Despite the advancements in the utilization of ICIs, there is still room for further improving patient outcomes. Another promising approach to immunotherapy for R/M-NPC involves adoptive cell therapy (ACT), which aims to stimulate systemic anti-tumor immunity. However, individual agent therapies targeting dendritic cells (DCs) appear to still be in the clinical trial phase. This current review underscores the potential of immunotherapy as a valuable adjunct to the treatment paradigm for R/M-NPC patients. Further research is warranted to enhance the efficacy of immunotherapy through the implementation of strategies such as combination therapies and overcoming immune suppression. Additionally, the development of a biomarker-based scoring system is essential for identifying suitable candidates for precision immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Graduate College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hui Shen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Graduate College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenhui Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuixing Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Bin Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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2
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Huang S, Wen T, Wang J, Wei H, Xiao Z, Li B, Shuai X. Nanoparticle-integrated dissolving microneedles for the co-delivery of R848/aPD-1 to synergistically reverse the immunosuppressive microenvironment of triple-negative breast cancer. Acta Biomater 2024; 176:344-355. [PMID: 38244662 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Nowadays, effective immunotherapy against triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains challenging due to the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Immune checkpoint inhibitor is mostly employed to restore the activity of tumor-specific immune cells, which however brings little therapeutic outcome owing to the limited number of tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells and the inefficient delivery of immune drugs to the tumor tissue. Aiming to solve these problems, we herein constructed a tailor-made dissolving microneedle co-encapsulating the TLR7/8 agonist R848 and the immune checkpoint inhibitor aPD-1, termed αNP-RNP@DMN, and fabricated it as a transdermal drug delivery system. This well-designed microneedle patch, endowed with efficient tumor drug delivery ability, was able to mature tumor-infiltrating dendritic cells (TIDCs) and further promote the infiltration of CD8+ T cells into the tumor tissue with the aid of R848. Moreover, the introduction of aPD-1 blocked the programmed cell death protein 1/programmed cell death ligand 1(PD-1/PD-L1) immune checkpoints, synergistically reversing the immunosuppressive microenvironment of TNBC. In vivo therapeutic results demonstrated that αNP-RNP@DMN not only significantly prolonged the survival time of 4T1 tumor-bearing mice, but also inhibited tumor recurrence and lung metastasis after surgery, implying the great potential of this effective drug delivery system for enhanced immunotherapy of superficial tumors. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The limited number of tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells and the inefficient delivery of immune drugs to the tumor tissue hinder the effective immunotherapy of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Herein, a dissolving microneedle co-encapsulating TLR7/8 agonist R848 and immune checkpoint inhibitor aPD-1 was developed and fabricated as a transdermal drug delivery system. This tailor-made microneedle patch not only promoted drug accumulation in tumor sites in a safe and painless manner, but also lifted the immune-suppressive state of tumor-infiltrating dendritic cells (TIDCs). The activated TIDCs further enhanced T-cell infiltration into the tumor tissue, thus successfully boosting the therapeutic efficacy of aPD-1. This study demonstrated that this well-designed microneedle patch could be served as an effective drug delivery system for enhanced immunotherapy of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sicong Huang
- PCFM Lab of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Ting Wen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jiachen Wang
- PCFM Lab of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Huiye Wei
- PCFM Lab of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Zecong Xiao
- PCFM Lab of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Bo Li
- PCFM Lab of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Xintao Shuai
- PCFM Lab of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
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3
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Hato L, Vizcay A, Eguren I, Pérez-Gracia JL, Rodríguez J, Gállego Pérez-Larraya J, Sarobe P, Inogés S, Díaz de Cerio AL, Santisteban M. Dendritic Cells in Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:981. [PMID: 38473341 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16050981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy modulates the immune system, overcomes immune escape and stimulates immune defenses against tumors. Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional promoters of immune responses against tumor antigens with the outstanding ability to coordinate the innate and adaptive immune systems. Evidence suggests that there is a decrease in both the number and function of DCs in cancer patients. Therefore, they represent a strong scaffold for therapeutic interventions. DC vaccination (DCV) is safe, and the antitumoral responses induced are well established in solid tumors. Although the addition of checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs) to chemotherapy has provided new options in the treatment of cancer, they have shown no clinical benefit in immune desert tumors or in those tumors with dysfunctional or exhausted T-cells. In this way, DC-based therapy has demonstrated the ability to modify the tumor microenvironment for immune enriched tumors and to potentiate systemic host immune responses as an active approach to treating cancer patients. Application of DCV in cancer seeks to obtain long-term antitumor responses through an improved T-cell priming by enhancing previous or generating de novo immune responses. To date, DCV has induced immune responses in the peripheral blood of patients without a significant clinical impact on outcome. Thus, improvements in vaccines formulations, selection of patients based on biomarkers and combinations with other antitumoral therapies are needed to enhance patient survival. In this work, we review the role of DCV in different solid tumors with their strengths and weaknesses, and we finally mention new trends to improve the efficacy of this immune strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Hato
- Immunology, Riberalab, 03203 Alicante, Spain
| | - Angel Vizcay
- Medical Oncology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Iñaki Eguren
- Medical Oncology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | | | - Javier Rodríguez
- Medical Oncology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | | | - Pablo Sarobe
- IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- CIBEREHD, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Susana Inogés
- IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Cell Therapy Unit, Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ascensión López Díaz de Cerio
- IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Cell Therapy Unit, Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Marta Santisteban
- Medical Oncology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
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Freeman CL, Atkins R, Varadarajan I, Menges M, Edelman J, Baz R, Brayer J, Castaneda Puglianini O, Ochoa-Bayona JL, Nishihori T, Shain KH, Shah B, Chen DT, Kelley L, Coppola D, Alsina M, Antonia S, Anasetti C, Locke FL. Survivin Dendritic Cell Vaccine Safely Induces Immune Responses and Is Associated with Durable Disease Control after Autologous Transplant in Patients with Myeloma. Clin Cancer Res 2023; 29:4575-4585. [PMID: 37735756 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-22-3987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We investigated whether a dendritic cell (DC) vaccine transduced with an adenoviral vector encoded with full-length survivin (Ad-S), with mutations neutralizing its antiapoptotic function, could safely generate an immune response and deepen clinical responses when administered before and after autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) for multiple myeloma. PATIENTS AND METHODS This phase I first-in-human trial (NCT02851056) evaluated the safety of DC:Ad-S in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma not having achieved complete response with induction, given 7 to 30 days prior to stem cell collection and 20 to 34 days after ASCT. Anti-survivin antibodies and CD4+ and CD8+ specific T cells were quantified. RESULTS A total of 14 patients were treated and 13 included in the primary efficacy analysis. No serious adverse events were attributed to DC:Ad-S vaccine. Detectable anti-survivin antibodies increased from baseline in 9 of 13 (69%) patients, and 11 of 13 (85%) mounted either a cellular or humoral immune response to survivin. Seven patients had an improved clinical response at day +90, all of whom had mounted an immune response, and 6 of 7 patients remain event-free at a median follow-up of 4.2 years. Estimated progression-free survival at 4 years is 71% (95% confidence interval, 41-88). CONCLUSIONS Two doses of DC:Ad-S, one given immediately before and another after ASCT, were feasible and safe. A high frequency of vaccine-specific immune responses was seen in combination with durable clinical outcomes, supporting ongoing investigation into the potential of this approach. See related commentary by Dhodapkar, p. 4524.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ciara L Freeman
- Department of Blood and Marrow Transplant and Cellular Immunotherapy, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Reginald Atkins
- Department of Blood and Marrow Transplant and Cellular Immunotherapy, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Indumathy Varadarajan
- Department of Blood and Marrow Transplant and Cellular Immunotherapy, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Meghan Menges
- Department of Blood and Marrow Transplant and Cellular Immunotherapy, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Jeffrey Edelman
- Department of Blood and Marrow Transplant and Cellular Immunotherapy, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Rachid Baz
- Department of Malignant Hematology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Jason Brayer
- Department of Malignant Hematology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Omar Castaneda Puglianini
- Department of Blood and Marrow Transplant and Cellular Immunotherapy, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Jose Leonel Ochoa-Bayona
- Department of Blood and Marrow Transplant and Cellular Immunotherapy, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Taiga Nishihori
- Department of Blood and Marrow Transplant and Cellular Immunotherapy, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Kenneth H Shain
- Department of Malignant Hematology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Bijal Shah
- Department of Malignant Hematology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Dung Tsa Chen
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Linda Kelley
- Department of Immunology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | | | - Melissa Alsina
- Department of Blood and Marrow Transplant and Cellular Immunotherapy, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Scott Antonia
- Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Claudio Anasetti
- Department of Blood and Marrow Transplant and Cellular Immunotherapy, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Frederick L Locke
- Department of Blood and Marrow Transplant and Cellular Immunotherapy, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
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5
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Lu Y, Ye H, Zhao J, Wang K, Fan X, Lu Q, Cao L, Wan B, Liu F, Sun F, Chen X, He Z, Liu H, Sun J. Small EV-based delivery of CpG ODNs for melanoma postsurgical immunotherapy. J Control Release 2023; 363:484-495. [PMID: 37778468 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.07.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Blocking programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) is an effective therapeutic strategy for melanoma. However, patients often develop tumor recurrence postoperatively due to the low response rate to the anti-PD-1 antibody (aPD-1). In this study, we developed an in situ sprayable fibrin gel that contains cytosine-guanine oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG ODNs)-modified ovalbumin (OVA) antigen-expressing bone marrow dendritic cell (DC)-derived small extracellular vesicles (DC-sEVs) and aPD-1. CpG ODNs can activate DCs, which have potent immunostimulatory effects, by stimulating both the maturation and activation of tumor-infiltrating dendritic cells (TIDCs) and DCs in tumor-draining lymph nodes (TDLNs). In addition, DC-sEVs can deliver OVA to the same DCs, leading to the specific expression of tumor antigens by antigen-presenting cells (APCs). In brief, the unique synergistic combination of aPD-1 and colocalized delivery of immune adjuvants and tumor antigens enhances antitumor T-cell immunity, not only in the tumor microenvironment (TME) but also in TDLNs. This effectively attenuates local tumor recurrence and metastasis. Our results suggest that dual activation by CpG ODNs prolongs the survival of mice and decreases the recurrence rate in an incomplete tumor resection model, providing a promising approach to prevent B16-F10-OVA melanoma tumor recurrence and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Lu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China
| | - Hao Ye
- Multi-Scale Robotics Lab (MSRL), Institute of Robotics & Intelligent Systems (IRIS), ETH Zurich, Zurich 8092, Switzerland
| | - Jian Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China
| | - Kaiyuan Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China
| | - Xiaoyuan Fan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China
| | - Qi Lu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China
| | - Liping Cao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China
| | - Bin Wan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China
| | - Fengxiang Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China
| | - Fei Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China
| | - Xiaofeng Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China
| | - Zhonggui He
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China
| | - Hongzhuo Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China.
| | - Jin Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China.
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6
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Möller M, Schütte W, Turzer S, Seliger B, Riemann D. Blood Immune Cells as Biomarkers in Long-Term Surviving Patients with Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Undergoing a Combined Immune/Chemotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4873. [PMID: 37835567 PMCID: PMC10572005 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15194873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
An important challenge remains in identifying the baseline characteristics of cancer patients who will mostly benefit from immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapies. Furthermore, biomarkers could help in the choice of an optimal therapy duration after a primary therapy response. In this pilot study, the time courses of four different immune cell parameters were followed in 12 patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) undergoing ICI therapy combined with chemotherapy and surviving at least 12 months. Blood was collected at the time point of the first and third antibody administration, as well as after 12 months of patients' survival. Using multi-color flow cytometry, two suppressive markers (neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and the frequency of circulating HLA-DRlow monocytes), as well as two markers of an ongoing immune response (6-Sulfo LacNAc (slan)+ non-classical monocytes and dendritic cell (DC) subtypes), were determined. In most of those who survived > 12 months, a low NLR and a low number of HLA-DRlow monocytes combined with clearly detectable numbers of slan+ non-classical monocytes and of DC subtypes were seen. Two of the patients had an increase in the suppressive markers paired with a decrease in slan+ non-classical monocytes and in DC subtypes, which, in at least one patient, was the correlate of an ongoing clinical progression. Our results implicate that the NLR, specific subtypes of monocytes, and the number of blood DCs might be useful predictive biomarkers for cancer patients during long-term treatment with ICI/chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Möller
- Clinic of Internal Medicine, Hospital Martha-Maria Halle-Dölau, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Schütte
- Clinic of Internal Medicine, Hospital Martha-Maria Halle-Dölau, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Steffi Turzer
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06112 Halle, Germany
| | - Barbara Seliger
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06112 Halle, Germany
- Institute of Translational Immunology, Medical School "Theodor Fontane", 14770 Brandenburg, Germany
| | - Dagmar Riemann
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06112 Halle, Germany
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Xu Q, Cheng W, Wei J, Ou Y, Xiao X, Jia Y. Synergist for antitumor therapy: Astragalus polysaccharides acting on immune microenvironment. Discov Oncol 2023; 14:179. [PMID: 37741920 PMCID: PMC10517906 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-023-00798-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Various new treatments are emerging constantly in anti-tumor therapies, including chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapy. However, the efficacy is still not satisfactory. Astragalus polysaccharide is an important bioactive component derived from the dry root of Radix astragali. Studies found that astragalus polysaccharides have gained great significance in increasing the sensitivity of anti-tumor treatment, reducing the side effects of anti-tumor treatment, reversing the drug resistance of anti-tumor drugs, etc. In this review, we focused on the role of astragalus polysaccharides in tumor immune microenvironment. We reviewed the immunomodulatory effect of astragalus polysaccharides on macrophages, dendritic cells, natural killer cells, T lymphocytes, and B lymphocytes. We found that astragalus polysaccharides can promote the activities of macrophages, dendritic cells, natural killer cells, T lymphocytes, and B lymphocytes and induce the expression of a variety of cytokines and chemokines. Furthermore, we summarized the clinical applications of astragalus polysaccharides in patients with digestive tract tumors. We summarized the effective mechanism of astragalus polysaccharides on digestive tract tumors, including apoptosis induction, proliferation inhibition, immunoactivity regulation, enhancement of the anticancer effect and chemosensitivity. Therefore, in view of the multiple functions of astragalus polysaccharides in tumor immune microenvironment and its clinical efficacy, the combination of astragalus polysaccharides with antitumor therapy such as immunotherapy may provide new sparks to the bottleneck of current treatment methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Xu
- Department of Oncology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Wen Cheng
- Department of Oncology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinrui Wei
- Department of Oncology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan Ou
- Department of Oncology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Xian Xiao
- Department of Oncology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Yingjie Jia
- Department of Oncology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China.
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8
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Bhat BA, Saifi I, Khamjan NA, Hamdani SS, Algaissi A, Rashid S, Alshehri MM, Ganie SA, Lohani M, Abdelwahab SI, Dar SA. Exploring the tumor immune microenvironment in ovarian cancer: a way-out to the therapeutic roadmap. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2023; 27:841-860. [PMID: 37712621 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2023.2259096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite cancer treatment strides, mortality due to ovarian cancer remains high globally. While immunotherapy has proven effective in treating cancers with low cure rates, it has limitations. Growing evidence suggests that both tumoral and non-tumoral components of the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) play a significant role in cancer growth. Therefore, developing novel and focused therapy for ovarian cancer is critical. Studies indicate that TIME is involved in developing ovarian cancer, particularly genome-, transcriptome-, and proteome-wide studies. As a result, TIME may present a prospective therapeutic target for ovarian cancer patients. AREAS COVERED We examined several TIME-targeting medicines and the connection between TIME and ovarian cancer. The key protagonists and events in the TIME and therapeutic strategies that explicitly target these events in ovarian cancer are discussed. EXPERT OPINION We highlighted various targeted therapies against TIME in ovarian cancer, including anti-angiogenesis therapies and immune checkpoint inhibitors. While these therapies are in their infancy, they have shown promise in controlling ovarian cancer progression. The use of 'omics' technology is helping in better understanding of TIME in ovarian cancer and potentially identifying new therapeutic targets. TIME-targeted strategies could account for an additional treatment strategy when treating ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basharat Ahmad Bhat
- Department of Bioresources, Amar Singh College Campus, Cluster University, Srinagar, India
| | - Ifra Saifi
- Department of Botany, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut India
| | - Nizar A Khamjan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Suhail Hamdani
- Department of Bioresources, Amar Singh College Campus, Cluster University, Srinagar, India
| | - Abdullah Algaissi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
- Medical Research Centre, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Safeena Rashid
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | | | - Showkat Ahmad Ganie
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Mohtashim Lohani
- Department of Emergency Medical Services, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Sajad Ahmad Dar
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
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9
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Czajka-Francuz P, Prendes MJ, Mankan A, Quintana Á, Pabla S, Ramkissoon S, Jensen TJ, Peiró S, Severson EA, Achyut BR, Vidal L, Poelman M, Saini KS. Mechanisms of immune modulation in the tumor microenvironment and implications for targeted therapy. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1200646. [PMID: 37427115 PMCID: PMC10325690 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1200646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The efficacy of cancer therapies is limited to a great extent by immunosuppressive mechanisms within the tumor microenvironment (TME). Numerous immune escape mechanisms have been identified. These include not only processes associated with tumor, immune or stromal cells, but also humoral, metabolic, genetic and epigenetic factors within the TME. The identification of immune escape mechanisms has enabled the development of small molecules, nanomedicines, immune checkpoint inhibitors, adoptive cell and epigenetic therapies that can reprogram the TME and shift the host immune response towards promoting an antitumor effect. These approaches have translated into series of breakthroughs in cancer therapies, some of which have already been implemented in clinical practice. In the present article the authors provide an overview of some of the most important mechanisms of immunosuppression within the TME and the implications for targeted therapies against different cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ángela Quintana
- Breast Cancer Unit, Vall d'Hebrón Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Sandra Peiró
- Breast Cancer Unit, Vall d'Hebrón Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - Kamal S. Saini
- Fortrea, Inc., Durham, NC, United States
- Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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10
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Mao L, Ma P, Luo X, Cheng H, Wang Z, Ye E, Loh XJ, Wu YL, Li Z. Stimuli-Responsive Polymeric Nanovaccines Toward Next-Generation Immunotherapy. ACS NANO 2023. [PMID: 37207347 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c02273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The development of nanovaccines that employ polymeric delivery carriers has garnered substantial interest in therapeutic treatment of cancer and a variety of infectious diseases due to their superior biocompatibility, lower toxicity and reduced immunogenicity. Particularly, stimuli-responsive polymeric nanocarriers show great promise for delivering antigens and adjuvants to targeted immune cells, preventing antigen degradation and clearance, and increasing the uptake of specific antigen-presenting cells, thereby sustaining adaptive immune responses and improving immunotherapy for certain diseases. In this review, the most recent advances in the utilization of stimulus-responsive polymer-based nanovaccines for immunotherapeutic applications are presented. These sophisticated polymeric nanovaccines with diverse functions, aimed at therapeutic administration for disease prevention and immunotherapy, are further classified into several active domains, including pH, temperature, redox, light and ultrasound-sensitive intelligent nanodelivery systems. Finally, the potential strategies for the future design of multifunctional next-generation polymeric nanovaccines by integrating materials science with biological interface are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuzhou Mao
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Panqin Ma
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Xi Luo
- BE/Phase I Clinical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China
| | - Hongwei Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics and Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Zhanxiang Wang
- BE/Phase I Clinical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China
| | - Enyi Ye
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore 627833, Republic of Singapore
| | - Xian Jun Loh
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore 627833, Republic of Singapore
| | - Yun-Long Wu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Zibiao Li
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore 627833, Republic of Singapore
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117576, Republic of Singapore
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11
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Nanodrug enhances post-ablation immunotherapy of hepatocellular carcinoma via promoting dendritic cell maturation and antigen presentation. Bioact Mater 2023; 21:57-68. [PMID: 36017073 PMCID: PMC9399385 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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12
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Zhang Y, Li Q, Ding M, Xiu W, Shan J, Yuwen L, Yang D, Song X, Yang G, Su X, Mou Y, Teng Z, Dong H. Endogenous/Exogenous Nanovaccines Synergistically Enhance Dendritic Cell-Mediated Tumor Immunotherapy. Adv Healthc Mater 2023:e2203028. [PMID: 36807733 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202203028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
Traditional dendritic cell (DC)-mediated immunotherapy is usually suppressed by weak immunogenicity in tumors and generally leads to unsatisfactory outcomes. Synergistic exogenous/endogenous immunogenic activation can provide an alternative strategy for evoking a robust immune response by promoting DC activation. Herein, Ti3 C2 MXene-based nanoplatforms (termed MXP) are prepared with high-efficiency near-infrared photothermal conversion and immunocompetent loading capacity to form endogenous/exogenous nanovaccines. Specifically, the immunogenic cell death of tumor cells induced by the photothermal effects of the MXP can generate endogenous danger signals and antigens release to boost vaccination for DC maturation and antigen cross-presentation. In addition, MXP can deliver model antigen ovalbumin (OVA) and agonists (CpG-ODN) as an exogenous nanovaccine (MXP@OC), which further enhances DC activation. Importantly, the synergistic strategy of photothermal therapy and DC-mediated immunotherapy by MXP significantly eradicates tumors and enhances adaptive immunity. Hence, the present work provides a two-pronged strategy for improving immunogenicity and killing tumor cells to achieve a favorable outcome in tumor patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 30 Zhongyang Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Li
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 30 Zhongyang Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, P. R. China
| | - Meng Ding
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 30 Zhongyang Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, P. R. China
| | - Weijun Xiu
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Jingyang Shan
- Department of Neurology, Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518000, P. R. China
| | - Lihui Yuwen
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Dongliang Yang
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Xuejiao Song
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Guangwen Yang
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 30 Zhongyang Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, P. R. China
| | - Xiaodan Su
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Yongbin Mou
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 30 Zhongyang Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, P. R. China
| | - Zhaogang Teng
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Heng Dong
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 30 Zhongyang Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, P. R. China
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13
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Jiang J, Huang Y, Zeng Z, Zhao C. Harnessing Engineered Immune Cells and Bacteria as Drug Carriers for Cancer Immunotherapy. ACS NANO 2023; 17:843-884. [PMID: 36598956 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c07607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Immunotherapy continues to be in the spotlight of oncology therapy research in the past few years and has been proven to be a promising option to modulate one's innate and adaptive immune systems for cancer treatment. However, the poor delivery efficiency of immune agents, potential off-target toxicity, and nonimmunogenic tumors significantly limit its effectiveness and extensive application. Recently, emerging biomaterial-based drug carriers, including but not limited to immune cells and bacteria, are expected to be potential candidates to break the dilemma of immunotherapy, with their excellent natures of intrinsic tumor tropism and immunomodulatory activity. More than that, the tiny vesicles and physiological components derived from them have similar functions with their source cells due to the inheritance of various surface signal molecules and proteins. Herein, we presented representative examples about the latest advances of biomaterial-based delivery systems employed in cancer immunotherapy, including immune cells, bacteria, and their derivatives. Simultaneously, opportunities and challenges of immune cells and bacteria-based carriers are discussed to provide reference for their future application in cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Jiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanjuan Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Zishan Zeng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunshun Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
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14
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Zafari R, Razi S, Rezaei N. The role of dendritic cells in neuroblastoma: Implications for immunotherapy. Immunobiology 2022; 227:152293. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2022.152293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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15
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Deb G, Cicala A, Papadas A, Asimakopoulos F. Matrix proteoglycans in tumor inflammation and immunity. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 323:C678-C693. [PMID: 35876288 PMCID: PMC9448345 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00023.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cancer immunoediting progresses through elimination, equilibrium, and escape. Each of these phases is characterized by breaching, remodeling, and rebuilding tissue planes and structural barriers that engage extracellular matrix (ECM) components, in particular matrix proteoglycans. Some of the signals emanating from matrix proteoglycan remodeling are readily co-opted by the growing tumor to sustain an environment of tumor-promoting and immune-suppressive inflammation. Yet other matrix-derived cues can be viewed as part of a homeostatic response by the host, aiming to eliminate the tumor and restore tissue integrity. These latter signals may be harnessed for therapeutic purposes to tip the polarity of the tumor immune milieu toward anticancer immunity. In this review, we attempt to showcase the importance and complexity of matrix proteoglycan signaling in both cancer-restraining and cancer-promoting inflammation. We propose that the era of matrix diagnostics and therapeutics for cancer is fast approaching the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gauri Deb
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, California
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, California
| | - Alexander Cicala
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, California
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, California
| | - Athanasios Papadas
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, California
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, California
| | - Fotis Asimakopoulos
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, California
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, California
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16
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The era of personalized treatments: Updates on immunotherapy within urothelial of bladder cancer. Curr Urol 2022; 16:117-120. [PMID: 36204361 PMCID: PMC9527930 DOI: 10.1097/cu9.0000000000000133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer is a complex disease of the urinary system with high morbidity and mortality. Recently, the introduction of immunotherapies such as immune checkpoint inhibitors (eg, programmed cell death protein 1/programmed death-ligand 1) has proven to be a reliable means of improving survival outcomes, including patients with limited response to conventional treatment. Nevertheless, difficult questions remain in clinical practice, such as how to select appropriate patients for personalized treatment, how to predict and assess therapeutic efficacy in advance, and how to enhance the therapeutic benefits of immunotherapy treatment. These issues require urgent attention. Herein, we describe recent clinical applications of immune checkpoint inhibitors in bladder cancer therapy, examine underlying mechanisms for treatment failure in a subset of patients, and discuss potential approaches to improve their therapeutic effects.
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17
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Immunotherapy and immunoengineering for breast cancer; a comprehensive insight into CAR-T cell therapy advancements, challenges and prospects. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2022; 45:755-777. [PMID: 35943716 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-022-00700-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer (BC) is a highly prevalent solid cancer with a high-rise infiltration of immune cells, turning it into a significant candidate for tumor-specific immunotherapies. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells are emerging as immunotherapeutic tools with genetically engineered receptors to efficiently recognize and attack tumor cells that express specific target antigens. Technological advancements in CAR design have provided five generations of CAR-T cells applicable to a wide range of cancer patients while boosting CAR-T cell therapy safety. However, CAR-T cell therapy is ineffective against breast cancer because of the loss of specified antigens, the immunosuppressive nature of the tumor and CAR-T cell-induced toxicities. Next-generation CAR-T cells actively pass through the tumor vascular barriers, persist for extended periods and disrupt the tumor microenvironment (TME) to block immune escape. CONCLUSION CAR-T cell therapy embodies advanced immunotherapy for BC, but further pre-clinical and clinical assessments are recommended to achieve maximized efficiency and safety.
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18
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Li J, Guan W, Ren W, Liu Z, Wu H, Chen Y, Liu S, Quan X, Yang Z, Jiang C, He J, Xiao X, Ye Q. Longitudinal genomic alternations and clonal dynamics analysis of primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus. Neoplasia 2022; 30:100811. [PMID: 35661532 PMCID: PMC9166384 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2022.100811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus (PMME) is a rare gastrointestinal melanoma with a high rate of recurrence and metastasis. The standard of care for PMME has not been established yet due to a lack of understanding of its clinical and molecular pathogenesis. Thus, we performed genomic profiling on a recurrent PMME case to seek novel opportunities for the management of this rare disease. Between 2013 and 2016, 6 tissue samples including 3 from the primary tumors, 2 from the relapsed tumors, and 1 from a normal control were collected from a patient diagnosed with PMME and were subjected to whole-exome sequencing to track the dynamic genetic changes. Additionally, we also analyzed a cohort of 398 samples obtained from the TCGA skin cutanesous melanoma (TCGA-SKCM) dataset to assess the frequency and determine the clinical implications of genomic events found in the presented study. ARHGAP35 (p.L1022M) was the only mutation shared across temporal PMME lesions. The PMME samples showed higher levels of genetic instability and intra-tumor heterogeneity. They also shared several concordant copy number variations (CNV). All lesions were concordant with the evolution trajectory, and shrinkage of the founding clone caused the subclonal population to become dominant in PT1c, which was likely the reason behind metastatic seeding. ARHGAP35 mutations were found in 6% of the TCGA-SKCM cohort samples. The presence of the mutations was associated with poor progression-free survival (PFS) by both univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. Our study showed that the primary tumor clone disseminates earlier in PMME. This highlights the need to understand the mechanism involved in the early PMME recurrence to optimize treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Li
- The Precision Medicine Centre of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Wenyan Guan
- The Pathology Department of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Ren
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University & Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Ziyao Liu
- The Precision Medicine Centre of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongyan Wu
- The Pathology Department of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yiqiang Chen
- The Precision Medicine Centre of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Siyuan Liu
- The Precision Medicine Centre of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | | | | | - Chong Jiang
- The Nuclear Medicine Department of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jian He
- The Nuclear Medicine Department of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao Xiao
- Geneplus-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518118, China.
| | - Qing Ye
- The Precision Medicine Centre of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China; Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China; Intelligent Pathology Institute, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China.
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19
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Zhang T, Yu H, Dai X, Zhang X. CMTM6 and CMTM4 as two novel regulators of PD-L1 modulate the tumor microenvironment. Front Immunol 2022; 13:971428. [PMID: 35958549 PMCID: PMC9359082 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.971428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays crucial roles in regulating tumor occurrence, progress, metastasis and drug resistance. However, it remains largely elusive how the components of TME are regulated to govern its functions in tumor biology. Here, we discussed how the two novel functional proteins, chemokine-like factor (CKLF)-like MARVEL transmembrane domain-containing 6 (CMTM6) and CMTM4, which involved in the post-translational regulation of PD-L1, modulate the TME functions. The roles of CMTM6 and CMTM4 in regulating TME components, including immune cells and tumor cells themselves were discussed in this review. The potential clinical applications of CMTM6 and CMTM4 as biomarkers to predict therapy efficacy and as new or combined immunotherapy targets are also highlighted. Finally, the current hot topics for the biological function of CMTM6/4 and several significant research directions for CMTM6/4 are also briefly summarized in the review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Disease, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Haixiang Yu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiangpeng Dai
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Disease, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Xiangpeng Dai, ; Xiaoling Zhang,
| | - Xiaoling Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Disease, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Xiangpeng Dai, ; Xiaoling Zhang,
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20
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Sui Z, Wu X, Du L, Wang H, Yuan L, Zhang JV, Yu Z. Characterization of the Immune Cell Infiltration Landscape in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:879326. [PMID: 35875070 PMCID: PMC9300817 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.879326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundImmunotherapy has achieved remarkable efficacy in treating oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). However, this treatment has limited efficacy in some patients. An increasing number of evidence suggested that immune cells within the tumour microenvironment (TME) are strongly related to immunotherapy response and patient prognosis. Thus, the landscape of immune cell infiltration (ICI) in ESCC needs to be mapped.MethodsIn the study, the ICI pattern in 206 cases of ESCC was characterised by two algorithms, namely, CIBERSORT and single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA). The ICI score of each specimen was calculated by principal component analysis (PCA) according to ICI signature genes A (ICISGA) and B (ICISGB). The prognostic difference was evaluated by using the Kaplan–Meier method. The related pathways of ICI score were investigated by applying gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). The R packages of ‘regplot’, ‘timeROC’ and ‘rms’ were applied for the construction of nomogram model.ResultThree TME subtypes were identified with no prognostic implication. A total of 333 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) among immune subtypes were determined, among which ICISGA and ICISGB were identified. Finally, ICI scores were constructed, and the patients were grouped into high or low ICI score group. Compared with the low ICI score group, the high ICI score group had better prognosis. GSEA revealed that the high ICI score group referred to multiple signalling pathways, including B cell receptor, Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis, NOD-like receptor and TGF-β signalling pathways. In addition, the nomogram model was constructed to evaluate 1-, 3- and 5-year probability of death in an ESCC patient. The ROC and calibration curves indicated that the model has a good discrimination ability.ConclusionWe depicted a comprehensive ICI landscape in ESCC. ICI score may be used as a predictor of survival rate, which may be helpful for guiding immunotherapy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilin Sui
- Departments of Esophageal Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Xianxian Wu
- Center for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Metabolic Health, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Thoracic, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, China
| | - Longde Du
- Department of Thoracic, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, China
| | - Han Wang
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lijuan Yuan
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jian V. Zhang
- Center for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Metabolic Health, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Zhentao Yu, ; Jian V. Zhang,
| | - Zhentao Yu
- Departments of Esophageal Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
- Department of Thoracic, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Zhentao Yu, ; Jian V. Zhang,
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Liu X, Liu Y, Li X, Huang J, Guo X, Zhang J, Luo Z, Shi Y, Jiang M, Qin B, Du Y, Luo L, You J. ER-Targeting PDT Converts Tumors into In Situ Therapeutic Tumor Vaccines. ACS NANO 2022; 16:9240-9253. [PMID: 35713245 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c01669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A therapeutic tumor vaccine is a promising approach to cancer treatment. One of its strategies is to treat patient-derived tumor cells in vitro and then administer them in vivo to induce an adaptive immune response and achieve cancer treatment. Here, we want to explore the possibility of converting cancer tissue into a therapeutic tumor vaccine through induced immunogenic cell death (ICD) in situ. We loaded indocyanine green (ICG) into liposomes (ICG-Lipo) and modified it with the pardaxin peptide to realize an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-targeting function (Par-ICG-Lipo). A microfluidic technique was developed for loading ICG, a water-soluble molecule, into liposomes with a high encapsulation efficiency (greater than 90%). Under near-infrared (NIR) irradiation, ER-targeting photodynamic therapy (PDT) induced by Par-ICG-Lipo could promote the release of danger-signaling molecules (DAMPs) and tumor antigens (TAAs) in vivo, which significantly enhanced the immunogenicity in vivo and thus stimulates a strong antitumor immune response. This process would be further amplified by adopting dendritic cells. In general, our strategy transformed in situ tumor cells into therapeutic vaccines by ER-targeting PDT, which could provide a clinically applicable and effective approach for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 886 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 886 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 886 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaxin Huang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 886 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuemeng Guo
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 886 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Junlei Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 886 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenyu Luo
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 886 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingying Shi
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 886 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengshi Jiang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 886 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Qin
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 886 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongzhong Du
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 886 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Lihua Luo
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 886 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian You
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 886 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
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22
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Hadjigol S, Shah BA, O’Brien-Simpson NM. The ‘Danse Macabre’—Neutrophils the Interactive Partner Affecting Oral Cancer Outcomes. Front Immunol 2022; 13:894021. [PMID: 35784290 PMCID: PMC9243430 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.894021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past few decades, tremendous advances in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of cancer have taken place. However for head and neck cancers, including oral cancer, the overall survival rate is below 50% and they remain the seventh most common malignancy worldwide. These cancers are, commonly, aggressive, genetically complex, and difficult to treat and the delay, which often occurs between early recognition of symptoms and diagnosis, and the start of treatment of these cancers, is associated with poor prognosis. Cancer development and progression occurs in concert with alterations in the surrounding stroma, with the immune system being an essential element in this process. Despite neutrophils having major roles in the pathology of many diseases, they were thought to have little impact on cancer development and progression. Recent studies are now challenging this notion and placing neutrophils as central interactive players with other immune and tumor cells in affecting cancer pathology. This review focuses on how neutrophils and their sub-phenotypes, N1, N2, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells, both directly and indirectly affect the anti-tumor and pro-tumor immune responses. Emphasis is placed on what is currently known about the interaction of neutrophils with myeloid innate immune cells (such as dendritic cells and macrophages), innate lymphoid cells, natural killer cells, and fibroblasts to affect the tumor microenvironment and progression of oral cancer. A better understanding of this dialog will allow for improved therapeutics that concurrently target several components of the tumor microenvironment, increasing the possibility of constructive and positive outcomes for oral cancer patients. For this review, PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched for manuscripts using keywords and combinations thereof of “oral cancer, OSCC, neutrophils, TANs, MDSC, immune cells, head and neck cancer, and tumor microenvironment” with a focus on publications from 2018 to 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Hadjigol
- *Correspondence: Neil M. O’Brien-Simpson, ; Sara Hadjigol,
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23
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Tang F, Brune JE, Chang MY, Reeves SR, Altemeier WA, Frevert CW. Defining the Versican Interactome in Lung Health and Disease. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 323:C249-C276. [PMID: 35649251 PMCID: PMC9291419 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00162.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) imparts critical mechanical and biochemical information to cells in the lungs. Proteoglycans are essential constituents of the ECM and play a crucial role in controlling numerous biological processes, including regulating cellular phenotype and function. Versican, a chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan required for embryonic development, is almost absent from mature, healthy lungs and is re-expressed and accumulates in acute and chronic lung disease. Studies using genetically engineered mice show that the versican-enriched matrix can be pro- or anti-inflammatory depending on the cellular source or disease process studied. The mechanisms whereby versican develops a contextual ECM remain largely unknown. The primary goal of this review is to provide an overview of the interaction of versican with its many binding partners, the "versican interactome," and how through these interactions, versican is an integrator of complex extracellular information. Hopefully, the information provided in this review will be used to develop future studies to determine how versican and its binding partners can develop contextual ECMs that control select biological processes. While this review focuses on versican and the lungs, what is described can be extended to other proteoglycans, tissues, and organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengying Tang
- Center for Lung Biology, the University of Washington at South Lake Union, Seattle, WA, United States.,Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Jourdan E Brune
- Center for Lung Biology, the University of Washington at South Lake Union, Seattle, WA, United States.,Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Mary Y Chang
- Center for Lung Biology, the University of Washington at South Lake Union, Seattle, WA, United States.,Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Stephen R Reeves
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States.,Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - William A Altemeier
- Center for Lung Biology, the University of Washington at South Lake Union, Seattle, WA, United States.,ivision of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Charles W Frevert
- Center for Lung Biology, the University of Washington at South Lake Union, Seattle, WA, United States.,Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.,ivision of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
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24
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Subtil B, Cambi A, Tauriello DVF, de Vries IJM. The Therapeutic Potential of Tackling Tumor-Induced Dendritic Cell Dysfunction in Colorectal Cancer. Front Immunol 2021; 12:724883. [PMID: 34691029 PMCID: PMC8527179 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.724883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most diagnosed malignancy and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Locally advanced and metastatic disease exhibit resistance to therapy and are prone to recurrence. Despite significant advances in standard of care and targeted (immuno)therapies, the treatment effects in metastatic CRC patients have been modest. Untreatable cancer metastasis accounts for poor prognosis and most CRC deaths. The generation of a strong immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) by CRC constitutes a major hurdle for tumor clearance by the immune system. Dendritic cells (DCs), often impaired in the TME, play a critical role in the initiation and amplification of anti-tumor immune responses. Evidence suggests that tumor-mediated DC dysfunction is decisive for tumor growth and metastasis initiation, as well as for the success of immunotherapies. Unravelling and understanding the complex crosstalk between CRC and DCs holds promise for identifying key mechanisms involved in tumor progression and spread that can be exploited for therapy. The main goal of this review is to provide an overview of the current knowledge on the impact of CRC-driven immunosuppression on DCs phenotype and functionality, and its significance for disease progression, patient prognosis, and treatment response. Moreover, present knowledge gaps will be highlighted as promising opportunities to further understand and therapeutically target DC dysfunction in CRC. Given the complexity and heterogeneity of CRC, future research will benefit from the use of patient-derived material and the development of in vitro organoid-based co-culture systems to model and study DCs within the CRC TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Subtil
- Department of Cell Biology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Alessandra Cambi
- Department of Cell Biology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Daniele V. F. Tauriello
- Department of Cell Biology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - I. Jolanda M. de Vries
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
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25
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Hirani P, Gauthier V, Allen CE, Wight TN, Pearce OMT. Targeting Versican as a Potential Immunotherapeutic Strategy in the Treatment of Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:712807. [PMID: 34527586 PMCID: PMC8435723 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.712807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A growing body of literature links events associated with the progression and severity of immunity and inflammatory disease with the composition of the tissue extracellular matrix as defined by the matrisome. One protein in the matrisome that is common to many inflammatory diseases is the large proteoglycan versican, whose varied function is achieved through multiple isoforms and post-translational modifications of glycosaminoglycan structures. In cancer, increased levels of versican are associated with immune cell phenotype, disease prognosis and failure to respond to treatment. Whether these associations between versican expression and tumour immunity are the result of a direct role in the pathogenesis of tumours is not clear. In this review, we have focused on the role of versican in the immune response as it relates to tumour progression, with the aim of determining whether our current understanding of the immunobiology of versican warrants further study as a cancer immunotherapy target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Hirani
- Centre for Tumour Microenvironment, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Valentine Gauthier
- Centre for Tumour Microenvironment, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Carys E Allen
- Centre for Tumour Microenvironment, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas N Wight
- Matrix Biology Program, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Oliver M T Pearce
- Centre for Tumour Microenvironment, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
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26
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Guo CX, Huang X, Xu J, Zhang XZ, Shen YN, Liang TB, Bai XL. Combined targeted therapy and immunotherapy for cancer treatment. World J Clin Cases 2021; 9:7643-7652. [PMID: 34621816 PMCID: PMC8462242 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i26.7643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Although targeted therapies and immunotherapies have been effective against several malignancies, the respective monotherapies are limited by low and/or short-term responses. Specific inhibitors of oncogenic signaling pathways and tumor-associated angiogenesis can activate the anti-tumor immune responses by increasing tumor antigen presentation or intratumor T cell infiltration. Additional insights into the effects and mechanisms of targeted therapies on the induction of anti-tumor immunity will facilitate development of rational and effective combination strategies that synergize rapid tumor regression and durable response. In this review, we have summarized the recent combinations of targeted therapies and immunotherapies, along with the associated clinical challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Xiang Guo
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xing Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jian Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiao-Zhen Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yi-Nan Shen
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ting-Bo Liang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xue-Li Bai
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
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27
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Sun J, Tang Q, Zhang J, Chen G, Peng J, Chen L. Possible Immunotherapeutic Strategies Based on Carcinogen-Dependent Subgroup Classification for Oral Cancer. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:717038. [PMID: 34497832 PMCID: PMC8419237 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.717038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The oral cavity serves as an open local organ of the human body, exposed to multiple external factors from the outside environment. Coincidentally, initiation and development of oral cancer are attributed to many external factors, such as smoking and drinking, to a great extent. This phenomenon was partly explained by the genetic abnormalities traditionally induced by carcinogens. However, more and more attention has been attracted to the influence of carcinogens on the local immune status. On the other hand, immune heterogeneity of cancer patients is a huge obstacle for enhancing the clinical efficacy of tumor immunotherapy. Thus, in this review, we try to summarize the current opinions about variant genetic changes and multiple immune alterations induced by different oral cancer carcinogens and discuss the prospects of targeted immunotherapeutic strategies based on specific immune abnormalities caused by different carcinogens, as a predictive way to improve clinical outcomes of immunotherapy-treated oral cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwei Sun
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Qingming Tang
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Junyuan Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Guangjin Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinfeng Peng
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Lili Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
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28
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Möller M, Turzer S, Schütte W, Seliger B, Riemann D. Blood Immune Cell Biomarkers in Patient With Lung Cancer Undergoing Treatment With Checkpoint Blockade. J Immunother 2021; 43:57-66. [PMID: 31592989 PMCID: PMC7012348 DOI: 10.1097/cji.0000000000000297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Characterization of host immune cell parameters before and during immunotherapy is expected to identify predictive biomarkers for clinical outcome. We prospectively monitored blood immune cells from 35 patients with advanced non–small cell lung cancer undergoing checkpoint inhibitor monotherapy. The aim was to identify parameters correlating with better/worse outcome. Peripheral blood was serially collected before each infusion at the onset and at cycle 3 and 5 of immunotherapy. A complete leukocyte blood count, the lymphocytic subpopulations and the percentages of both HLA-DRlow monocytes and dendritic cells (DC) were monitored. Disease control was defined as partial/complete response and stable disease on computed tomography scan according to RECIST 1.1. The predictive value of the immune cell parameters investigated was evaluated by patients’ survival analysis. Forty percent of patients showed a clinical response, and the global median overall survival was 7.0 months (95% confidence interval: 3.5–10.5). Patients with an initial neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) ≥5.2, and/or an amount of HLA-DRlow monocytes ≥11% and/or a total DC level ≤0.4% of leukocytes did rarely respond to PD-1 inhibitor therapy. Otherwise, the immunotherapy-induced decrease of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and/or HLA-DRlow monocytes and the increase of total DC frequencies were correlated with improved therapy response and prolonged overall survival. Blood values in the third cycle of immunotherapy did already reflect the effects observed. On the basis of the 3 immune cell parameters identified we created 3 different variants of scores that enable to stratify patients into groups of risk/therapy response. Our results warrant further investigation in larger prospective clinical trials for validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Möller
- Clinic of Internal Medicine, Hospital Martha-Maria Halle-Dölau
| | - Steffi Turzer
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | | | - Barbara Seliger
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Dagmar Riemann
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
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29
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Peng L, Zhang Y, Wang Z. Immune Responses against Disseminated Tumor Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:2515. [PMID: 34063848 PMCID: PMC8196619 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Most cancer-related deaths are a consequence of metastases, a series of linear events, notably the invasion-metastasis cascade. The current understanding of cancer immune surveillance derives from studies in primary tumors, but disseminated cancer cells acquire mutations and, in some cases, appear to progress independently after spreading from primary sites. An early step in this process is micrometastatic dissemination. As such, the equilibrium between the immune system and disseminated cancer cells controls the fate of the cancer. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) exhibit significant clinical activity in patients, but the efficacy of ICIs depends on both the tumor and its microenvironment. Data often suggest that disseminated cancer cells are not adequately targeted by the immune system. In this review, we summarize the main basic findings of immune responses against disseminated tumor cells and their organ-specific characteristics. Such studies may provide new directions for cancer immune therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Peng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Yongchang Zhang
- Lung Cancer and Gastrointestinal Unit, Department of Medical Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Changsha 410013, China;
| | - Zibing Wang
- Department of Immunotherapy, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou 450008, China
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30
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Gao Y, Xu Y, Zhao S, Qian L, Song T, Zheng J, Zhang J, Chen B. Growth differentiation factor-15 promotes immune escape of ovarian cancer via targeting CD44 in dendritic cells. Exp Cell Res 2021; 402:112522. [PMID: 33771482 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Immune escape is the main cause of the low response rate to immunotherapy for cancer, including ovarian cancer. Growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) inhibits immune cell function. However, only few reports described the mechanism. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism of immune escape regulated by GDF-15 in ovarian cancer. Ovarian cancer patients and healthy women were enrolled in this study. Immunohistochemistry and ELISA were performed to measure GDF-15 expression. Immunoprecipitation combined with mass spectrometry, surface plasmon resonance, and co-immunoprecipitation assay were used to evaluate the interaction between GDF-15 and the surface molecules of DCs. Immunofluorescence analysis, flow cytometry and transwell assay were used to evaluate additional effects of GDF-15 on DCs. The results showed that GDF-15 expression was higher in the ovarian cancer patients compared to that in the healthy women. The TIMER algorithm revealed that highly GDF-15 expression is associated with immune DC infiltration in immunoreactive high-grade serous carcinoma. A further study showed that GDF-15 suppressed DCs maturation, as well as IL-12p40 and TNF-α secretion, the length and number of protrusions and the migration. More importantly, CD44 in the surface of DCs interacted with GDF-15. The overexpression of CD44 in DCs resulted in the suppression of the inhibitory effect of GDF-15 on the length and number of DC synapses. In DCs overexpressing CD44 the inhibition of GDF-15 on the expression of CD11c, CD83 and CD86 was decreased, while in DCs with a knockdown of CD44 the inhibition was further enhanced. Knockdown of CD44 in DCs enhanced the inhibitory effect of GDF-15 on DC migration, while the overexpression of CD44 inhibited the inhibitory effect of GDF-15 on DC migration. In conclusion, the present study suggested that GDF-15 might facilitate ovarian cancer immune escape by interacting with CD44 in DCs to inhibit their function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunge Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No.127 Changle Road (West), Xi'an City, Shannxi Province, 710032, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No.127 Changle Road (West), Xi'an City, Shannxi Province, 710032, China
| | - Shuhui Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No.127 Changle Road (West), Xi'an City, Shannxi Province, 710032, China
| | - Luomeng Qian
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No.127 Changle Road (West), Xi'an City, Shannxi Province, 710032, China
| | - Tingting Song
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No.127 Changle Road (West), Xi'an City, Shannxi Province, 710032, China
| | - Jiao Zheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No.127 Changle Road (West), Xi'an City, Shannxi Province, 710032, China
| | - Jianfang Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No.127 Changle Road (West), Xi'an City, Shannxi Province, 710032, China
| | - Biliang Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No.127 Changle Road (West), Xi'an City, Shannxi Province, 710032, China.
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31
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Yang ZJ, Wang BY, Wang TT, Wang FF, Guo YX, Hua RX, Shang HW, Lu X, Xu JD. Functions of Dendritic Cells and Its Association with Intestinal Diseases. Cells 2021; 10:cells10030583. [PMID: 33800865 PMCID: PMC7999753 DOI: 10.3390/cells10030583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs), including conventional DCs (cDCs) and plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs), serve as the sentinel cells of the immune system and are responsible for presenting antigen information. Moreover, the role of DCs derived from monocytes (moDCs) in the development of inflammation has been emphasized. Several studies have shown that the function of DCs can be influenced by gut microbes including gut bacteria and viruses. Abnormal changes/reactions in intestinal DCs are potentially associated with diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and intestinal tumors, allowing DCs to be a new target for the treatment of these diseases. In this review, we summarized the physiological functions of DCs in the intestinal micro-environment, their regulatory relationship with intestinal microorganisms and their regulatory mechanism in intestinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Jun Yang
- Clinical Medicine of “5 + 3” Program, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; (Z.-J.Y.); (F.-F.W.); (R.-X.H.)
| | - Bo-Ya Wang
- Undergraduate Student of 2018 Eight Years Program of Clinical Medicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100081, China;
| | - Tian-Tian Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China;
| | - Fei-Fei Wang
- Clinical Medicine of “5 + 3” Program, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; (Z.-J.Y.); (F.-F.W.); (R.-X.H.)
| | - Yue-Xin Guo
- Oral Medicine of “5 + 3” Program, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China;
| | - Rong-Xuan Hua
- Clinical Medicine of “5 + 3” Program, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; (Z.-J.Y.); (F.-F.W.); (R.-X.H.)
| | - Hong-Wei Shang
- Morphological Experiment Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; (H.-W.S.); (X.L.)
| | - Xin Lu
- Morphological Experiment Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; (H.-W.S.); (X.L.)
| | - Jing-Dong Xu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China;
- Correspondence:
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32
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Wang Y, Lu C, Huang H, Yao S, Xu C, Ye Y, Gui S, Li G. A lipid-soluble extract of Pinellia pedatisecta Schott orchestrates intratumoral dendritic cell-driven immune activation through SOCS1 signaling in cervical cancer. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 267:112837. [PMID: 32276009 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Pinellia pedatisecta Schott extract (PE) is generated from Pinellia pedatisecta Schott, a traditional Chinese medicinal plant. PE suppresses cervical tumor growth and exhibits effects on dendritic cells (DCs) that lead to modulation of antitumor CD4+ and CD8+ responses. AIMS To explore the underlying mechanisms by which PE modulates tumor-associated dendritic cell (TADC) activation and function. METHODS DCs and TADCs were generated from murine bone marrow and exposed to PE solutions at different doses, as well as to repeated doses separated at different time intervals. Quantitative PCR, Western blot analysis, flow cytometry, and gene silencing were used to analyze the modulatory effects of PE on the SOCS1/JAK2/STAT pathways. Furthermore, we separated human cervical tumor-infiltrated DCs (TIDCs) and conducted an ex-vivo stimulation model to observe the effect of PE. For phenotypic analysis of cultured DCs and ex vivo human specimens, we used flow cytometry to detect the molecular markers associated with cell function. RESULTS In cultured TADCs and human cervical TIDCs, maturation- and functional markers (MHCII, CD80, CD83, CD86, and IL-12) were downregulated, whereas SOCS1 was upregulated. PE enhanced the expression of CD80, CD86, and IL-12 in cervical TIDCs, which induced increased expression of CD107a, GZMB, and perforin in CTLs, and furthermore induced apoptosis in a larger number of tumor cells. In cultured TADCs, PE downregulated SOCS1 expression and activated the phosphorylation of JAK2, STAT1, STAT4, and STAT5 in both dose- and time-dependent manners. The effects of PE upregulating MHCII, CD80, CD86, IL-12 on TADCs were blocked after SOCS1 silencing. CONCLUSIONS In this study, PE restored the impaired function of cervical TIDCs, thereby eliciting further antitumor CTL responses. The effects of PE on TADCs were mediated through inhibition of SOCS1 and activation of downstream JAK2-STAT1/STAT4/STAT5 pathways. PE may be a potent and effective immunomodulatory drug for antitumor treatment via the blockade of SOCS1 signaling in DCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumeng Wang
- Department of Integration of Western and Traditional Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200090, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Chong Lu
- Department of Integration of Western and Traditional Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200090, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Haixia Huang
- Department of Integration of Western and Traditional Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200090, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Sheng Yao
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Congjian Xu
- Department of Integration of Western and Traditional Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200090, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Yang Ye
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Suiqi Gui
- Department of Integration of Western and Traditional Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200090, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Guiling Li
- Department of Integration of Western and Traditional Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200090, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, China.
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Peng X, He Y, Huang J, Tao Y, Liu S. Metabolism of Dendritic Cells in Tumor Microenvironment: For Immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2021; 12:613492. [PMID: 33732237 PMCID: PMC7959811 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.613492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are a type of an antigen-presenting cell which undertake a job on capturing antigens coming from pathogens or tumors and presenting to T cells for immune response. The metabolism of DCs controls its development, polarization, and maturation processes and provides energy support for its functions. However, the immune activity of DCs in tumor microenvironment (TME) is inhibited generally. Abnormal metabolism of tumor cells causes metabolic changes in TME, such as hyperglycolysis, lactate and lipid accumulation, acidification, tryptophan deprivation, which limit the function of DCs and lead to the occurrence of tumor immune escape. Combined metabolic regulation with immunotherapy can strengthen the ability of antigen-presentation and T cell activation of DCs, improve the existing anti-tumor therapy, and overcome the defects of DC-related therapies in the current stage, which has great potential in oncology therapy. Therefore, we reviewed the glucose, lipid, and amino acid metabolism of DCs, as well as the metabolic changes after being affected by TME. Together with the potential metabolic targets of DCs, possible anti-tumor therapeutic pathways were summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Peng
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Youe He
- Department of Translational Medicine, Cancer Biological Treatment Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Medical Sciences, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jun Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yongguang Tao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Medical Sciences, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Oncology, Institute of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Tran L, Xiao JF, Agarwal N, Duex JE, Theodorescu D. Advances in bladder cancer biology and therapy. Nat Rev Cancer 2021; 21:104-121. [PMID: 33268841 PMCID: PMC10112195 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-020-00313-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 305] [Impact Index Per Article: 101.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The field of research in bladder cancer has seen significant advances in recent years. Next-generation sequencing has identified the genes most mutated in bladder cancer. This wealth of information allowed the definition of driver mutations, and identification of actionable therapeutic targets, as well as a clearer picture of patient prognosis and therapeutic direction. In a similar vein, our understanding of the cellular aspects of bladder cancer has grown. The identification of the cellular geography and the populations of different cell types and quantifications of normal and abnormal cell types in tumours provide a better prediction of therapeutic response. Non-invasive methods of diagnosis, including liquid biopsies, have seen major advances as well. These methods will likely find considerable utility in assessing minimal residual disease following treatment and for early-stage diagnosis. A significant therapeutic impact on patients with bladder cancer is found in the use of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapeutics. These therapeutics have been shown to cure some patients with bladder cancer and significantly decrease adverse events. These developments provide patients with better monitoring opportunities, unique therapeutic options and greater hope for prolonged survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Tran
- Department of Surgery (Urology), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Cedars-Sinai Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jin-Fen Xiao
- Department of Surgery (Urology), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Cedars-Sinai Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Neeraj Agarwal
- Cedars-Sinai Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine (Hematology/Oncology), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jason E Duex
- Cedars-Sinai Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Dan Theodorescu
- Department of Surgery (Urology), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Cedars-Sinai Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Tumor microenvironment and immune-related therapies of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. MOLECULAR THERAPY-ONCOLYTICS 2021; 20:342-351. [PMID: 33614915 PMCID: PMC7878981 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2021.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) are a type of common malignant tumor, mainly manifesting as oropharyngeal, oral cavity, laryngopharyngeal, hypopharyngeal, and laryngeal cancers. These highly aggressive malignant tumors reportedly affect more than 830,000 patients worldwide every year. Currently, the main treatments for HNSCC include surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy, as well as combination therapy. However, the overall 5-year survival rate of HNSCC has remained 50%, and it has not significantly improved in the past 10 years. Previous studies have shown that the tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a crucial role in the recurrence, metastasis, and drug resistance of patients with HNSCC. In this review, we summarize the role of anti-tumor and pro-tumor immune cells, as well as extracellular components in the TME of HNSCC. We also discuss classical HNSCC immunotherapy and highlight examples of clinical trials using CTLA-4 inhibitors and programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1)-related combination therapies. We also outline some molecules in the TME known to regulate immunosuppressive cells. Furthermore, the role and underlying mechanism of radiation therapy on the TME, immune cells, and immune response are discussed.
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Xiu W, Luo J. CXCL9 secreted by tumor-associated dendritic cells up-regulates PD-L1 expression in bladder cancer cells by activating the CXCR3 signaling. BMC Immunol 2021; 22:3. [PMID: 33407095 PMCID: PMC7789583 DOI: 10.1186/s12865-020-00396-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Tumor-associated dendritic cells (TADCs) can interact with tumor cells to suppress anti-tumor T cell immunity. However, there is no information on whether and how TADCs can modulate programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression by cancer cells. Methods Human peripheral blood monocytes were induced for DCs and immature DCs were cultured alone, or co-cultured with bladder cancer T24 or control SV-HUC-1 cells, followed by stimulating with LPS for DC activation. The activation status of DCs was characterized by flow cytometry and allogenic T cell proliferation. The levels of chemokines in the supernatants of co-cultured DCs were measured by CBA-based flow cytometry. The impacts of CXCL9 on PD-L1, STAT3 and Akt expression and STAT3 and Akt phosphorylation in T24 cells were determined by flow cytometry and Western blot. Results Compared with the control DCs, TADCs exhibited immature phenotype and had significantly lower capacity to stimulate allogenic T cell proliferation, particularly in the presence of recombinant CXCL9. TADCs produced significantly higher levels of CXCL9, which enhanced PD-L1 expression in T24 cells. Pre-treatment with AMG487 abrogated the CXCL9-increased PD-L1 expression in T24 cells. Treatment with CXCL9 significantly enhanced STAT3 and Akt activation in T24 cells. Conclusions TADCs produced high levels of CXCL9 that increased PD-L1 expression in bladder cancer T24 cells by activating the CXCR3-related signaling. Our findings may shed new lights in understanding the regulatory roles of TADCs in inhibiting antitumor T cell responses and promoting tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weigang Xiu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, 610041, PR China.,Department of Thoracic Oncology and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Jingjing Luo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China. .,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, 610041, PR China.
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Li L, Huang S, Yao Y, Chen J, Li J, Xiang X, Deng J, Xiong J. Follistatin-like 1 (FSTL1) is a prognostic biomarker and correlated with immune cell infiltration in gastric cancer. World J Surg Oncol 2020; 18:324. [PMID: 33292276 PMCID: PMC7724795 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-020-02070-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Follistatin-like 1 (FSTL1) plays a central role in the progression of tumor and tumor immunity. However, the effect of FSTL1 on the prognosis and immune infiltration of gastric cancer (GC) remains to be elucidated. Methods The expression of FSTL1 data was analyzed in Oncomine and TIMER databases. Analyses of clinical parameters and survival data were conducted by Kaplan-Meier plotter and immunohistochemistry. Western blot assay and real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) were used to analyze protein and mRNA expression, respectively. The correlations between FSTL1 and cancer immune infiltrates were analyzed by Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIME), Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA), and LinkedOmics database. Results The expression of FSTL1 was significantly higher in GC tissues than in normal tissues, and bioinformatic analysis and immunohistochemistry (IHC) indicated that high FSTL1 expression significantly correlated with poor prognosis in GC. Moreover, FSTL1 was predicted as an independent prognostic factor in GC patients. Bioinformatics analysis results suggested that FSTL1 mainly involved in tumor progression and tumor immunity. And significant correlations were found between FSTL1 expression and immune cell infiltration in GC. Conclusions The study effectively revealed useful information about FSTL1 expression, prognostic values, potential functional networks, and impact of tumor immune infiltration in GC. In summary, FSTL1 can be used as a biomarker for prognosis and evaluating immune cell infiltration in GC. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12957-020-02070-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China.,Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Individualized Cancer Therapy, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Shanshan Huang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China.,Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Individualized Cancer Therapy, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Yangyang Yao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China.,Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Individualized Cancer Therapy, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China.,Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Individualized Cancer Therapy, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Junhe Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China.,Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Individualized Cancer Therapy, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojun Xiang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China.,Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Individualized Cancer Therapy, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Jun Deng
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China. .,Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Individualized Cancer Therapy, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China.
| | - Jianping Xiong
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China. .,Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Individualized Cancer Therapy, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China.
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Schaller J, Agudo J. Metastatic Colonization: Escaping Immune Surveillance. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E3385. [PMID: 33207601 PMCID: PMC7697481 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has shifted the paradigm in cancer therapy by revitalizing immune responses against tumor cells. Specifically, in primary tumors cancer cells evolve in an immunosuppressive microenvironment, which protects them from immune attack. However, during tumor progression, some cancer cells leave the protective tumor mass, disseminating and seeding secondary organs. These initial disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) should potentially be susceptible to recognition by the immune system in the new host tissues. Although Natural Killer or T cells eliminate some of these DTCs, a fraction escape anti-tumor immunity and survive, thus giving rise to metastatic colonization. How DTCs interact with immune cells and the underpinnings that regulate imperfect immune responses during tumor dissemination remain poorly understood. Uncovering such mechanisms of immune evasion may contribute to the development of immunotherapy specifically targeting DTCs. Here we review current knowledge about systemic and site-specific immune-cancer crosstalk in the early steps of metastasis formation. Moreover, we highlight how conventional cancer therapies can shape the pre-metastatic niche enabling immune escape of newly arrived DTCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Schaller
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
- Department of Fundamental Oncology, University of Lausanne–Lausanne University Hospital, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Judith Agudo
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Zhu T, Bao X, Chen M, Lin R, Zhuyan J, Zhen T, Xing K, Zhou W, Zhu S. Mechanisms and Future of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Metastasis. Front Oncol 2020; 10:585284. [PMID: 33262947 PMCID: PMC7686569 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.585284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer, renowned for its fast progression and metastatic potency, is rising to become a leading cause of death globally. It has been long observed that lung cancer is particularly ept in spawning distant metastasis at its early stages, and it can readily colonize virtually any human organ. In recent years, cancer research has shed light on why lung cancer is endowed with its exceptional ability to metastasize. In this review, we will take a comprehensive look at the current research on lung cancer metastasis, including molecular pathways, anatomical features and genetic traits that make lung cancer intrinsically metastatic, as we go from lung cancer’s general metastatic potential to the particular metastasis mechanisms in multiple organs. We highly concerned about the advanced discovery and development of lung cancer metastasis, indicating the importance of lung cancer specific gene mutations, heterogeneity or biomarker discovery, and discussing potential opportunities and challenges. We will also introduce some current treatments that targets certain metastatic strategies of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Advances made in these regards could be critical to our current knowledge base of lung cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhao Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Starriver Bilingual School, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Mingyu Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Lin
- Department of General Surgery, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University Medical School, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianan Zhuyan
- Shanghai Starriver Bilingual School, Shanghai, China
| | | | | | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Emergency, Souths Campus, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sibo Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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40
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Jafari S, Molavi O, Kahroba H, Hejazi MS, Maleki-Dizaji N, Barghi S, Kiaie SH, Jadidi-Niaragh F. Clinical application of immune checkpoints in targeted immunotherapy of prostate cancer. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:3693-3710. [PMID: 32006051 PMCID: PMC11104895 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03459-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Immunotherapy is considered as an effective method for cancer treatment owing to the induction of specific and long-lasting anti-cancer effects. Immunotherapeutic strategies have shown significant success in human malignancies, particularly in prostate cancer (PCa), a major global health issue regarding its high metastatic rates. In fact, the first cancer vaccine approved by FDA was Provenge, which has been successfully used for treatment of PCa. Despite the remarkable success of cancer immunotherapy in PCa, many of the developed immunotherapy methods show poor therapeutic outcomes. Immunosuppression in tumor microenvironment (TME) induced by non-functional T cells (CD4+ and CD8+), tolerogenic dendritic cells (DCs), and regulatory T cells, has been reported to be the main obstacle to the effectiveness of anti-tumor immune responses induced by an immunotherapy method. The present review particularly focuses on the latest findings of the immune checkpoints (ICPs), including CTLA-4, PD-1, PD-L1, LAG-3, OX40, B7-H3, 4-1BB, VISTA, TIM-3, and ICOS; these checkpoints are able to have immune modulatory effects on the TME of PCa. This paper further discusses different approaches in ICPs targeting therapy and summarizes the latest advances in the clinical application of ICP-targeted therapy as monotherapy or in combination with other cancer therapy modalities in PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevda Jafari
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ommoleila Molavi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Houman Kahroba
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Saied Hejazi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nasrin Maleki-Dizaji
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Siamak Barghi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Hossein Kiaie
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Nano Drug Delivery Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Farhad Jadidi-Niaragh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Yang Y, Yang Y, Yang J, Zhao X, Wei X. Tumor Microenvironment in Ovarian Cancer: Function and Therapeutic Strategy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:758. [PMID: 32850861 PMCID: PMC7431690 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is one of the leading causes of death in patients with gynecological malignancy. Despite optimal cytoreductive surgery and platinum-based chemotherapy, ovarian cancer disseminates and relapses frequently, with poor prognosis. Hence, it is urgent to find new targeted therapies for ovarian cancer. Recently, the tumor microenvironment has been reported to play a vital role in the tumorigenesis of ovarian cancer, especially with discoveries from genome-, transcriptome- and proteome-wide studies; thus tumor microenvironment may present potential therapeutic target for ovarian cancer. Here, we review the interactions between the tumor microenvironment and ovarian cancer and various therapies targeting the tumor environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfei Yang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xia Zhao
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiawei Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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42
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Ding J, Liu X, Tang B, Bai X, Wang Y, Li S, Li J, Liu M, Wang X. Murine hepatoma treatment with mature dendritic cells stimulated by Trichinella spiralis excretory/secretory products. Parasite 2020; 27:47. [PMID: 32692308 PMCID: PMC7373160 DOI: 10.1051/parasite/2020045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Excretory/Secretory Products (ESPs) of the nematode Trichinella spiralis contain antitumor-active substances that inhibit tumor growth. Mature dendritic cells (DCs) play a critical role in the antitumor immunity of the organism. As pathogen-derived products, it ought to be discussed whether T. spiralis ESPs will reduce the antitumor effect of mature DCs from the host before it is applied to patients' tumors. Therefore, the aim of this work was to evaluate the immunological effect of DCs stimulated by T. spiralis ESPs in H22 tumor-bearing mice. H22 tumor model mice in this study were randomly divided into four groups according to the treatment: PBS control group, ESP group, DCs group, and DCs stimulated with T. spiralis ESP (ESP+DCs group). The antitumor effect was evaluated by tumor inhibition rate and cytokine detection using ELISA. The results showed significant inhibition in tumor growth in the ESP+DCs, DCs and ESP groups when compared with the PBS control group (p < 0.01, p < 0.01, and p < 0.05, respectively). However, no significant difference was observed on tumor inhibition rates between the ESP+DCs and DCs groups. The decrease in IL-4, IL-6, and IL-10, and the increase in IFN-γ between the DCs and ESP+DCs groups were also not significant. Therefore, DCs stimulated by ESP did not reduce the antitumor effect of mature DCs, which demonstrated that the T. spiralis ESP would not affect the antitumor effect of mature DCs by modulating the immune response of the host, and that ESPs are safe in antitumor immunology when applied in a tumor model mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ding
- Key Laboratory for Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, OIE Collaborating Center on Foodborne Parasites in Asian-Pacific Region Changchun 130062 P.R. China
| | - Xiaolei Liu
- Key Laboratory for Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, OIE Collaborating Center on Foodborne Parasites in Asian-Pacific Region Changchun 130062 P.R. China
| | - Bin Tang
- Key Laboratory for Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, OIE Collaborating Center on Foodborne Parasites in Asian-Pacific Region Changchun 130062 P.R. China
| | - Xue Bai
- Key Laboratory for Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, OIE Collaborating Center on Foodborne Parasites in Asian-Pacific Region Changchun 130062 P.R. China
| | - Yang Wang
- Key Laboratory for Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, OIE Collaborating Center on Foodborne Parasites in Asian-Pacific Region Changchun 130062 P.R. China
| | - Shicun Li
- Key Laboratory for Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, OIE Collaborating Center on Foodborne Parasites in Asian-Pacific Region Changchun 130062 P.R. China
| | - Jian Li
- Key Laboratory for Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, OIE Collaborating Center on Foodborne Parasites in Asian-Pacific Region Changchun 130062 P.R. China
| | - Mingyuan Liu
- Key Laboratory for Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, OIE Collaborating Center on Foodborne Parasites in Asian-Pacific Region Changchun 130062 P.R. China
| | - Xuelin Wang
- Key Laboratory for Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, OIE Collaborating Center on Foodborne Parasites in Asian-Pacific Region Changchun 130062 P.R. China
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Liu J, Li HJ, Luo YL, Chen YF, Fan YN, Du JZ, Wang J. Programmable Delivery of Immune Adjuvant to Tumor-Infiltrating Dendritic Cells for Cancer Immunotherapy. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:4882-4889. [PMID: 32551705 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c00893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Tumor-infiltrating dendritic cells (TIDCs) are mostly immature and immunosuppressive, usually mediating immune inhibition. The utilization of cytosine-guanine oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG ODNs) to stimulate the activation of TIDCs has been demonstrated to be effective for improving antitumor immunity. However, a series of biological barriers has limited the efficacy of previous nanocarriers for delivering CpG to TIDCs. Herein, we developed a dual-sensitive dendrimer cluster-based nanoadjuvant for delivering CpG ODNs into TIDCs. We show that the tumor acidity triggers the rapid release of CpG conjugated polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers from the nanoadjuvant, thus facilitating its perfusion deep into tumors and phagocytosis by TIDCs. Thereafter, the reductive condition of the endolysosomes led to the subsequent release of CpG, which promotes the DCs activation and enhances antitumor immunotherapies. Programmable delivery of immune adjuvant efficiently overcomes the barriers for targeted delivery to TIDCs and provides a promising strategy for improving cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Guangzhou International Campus, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, P. R. China
| | - Hong-Jun Li
- Institutes for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Ying-Li Luo
- Institutes for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Fang Chen
- Institutes for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Ya-Nan Fan
- Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Guangzhou International Campus, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Zhi Du
- Institutes for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Jun Wang
- Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Guangzhou International Campus, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province, and Innovation Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
- Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou 510005, P. R. China
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Papadas A, Arauz G, Cicala A, Wiesner J, Asimakopoulos F. Versican and Versican-matrikines in Cancer Progression, Inflammation, and Immunity. J Histochem Cytochem 2020; 68:871-885. [PMID: 32623942 DOI: 10.1369/0022155420937098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Versican is an extracellular matrix proteoglycan with key roles in multiple facets of cancer development, ranging from proliferative signaling, evasion of growth-suppressor pathways, regulation of cell death, promotion of neoangiogenesis, and tissue invasion and metastasis. Multiple lines of evidence implicate versican and its bioactive proteolytic fragments (matrikines) in the regulation of cancer inflammation and antitumor immune responses. The understanding of the dynamics of versican deposition/accumulation and its proteolytic turnover holds potential for the development of novel immune biomarkers as well as approaches to reset the immune thermostat of tumors, thus promoting efficacy of modern immunotherapies. This article summarizes work from several laboratories, including ours, on the role of this central matrix proteoglycan in tumor progression as well as tumor-immune cell cross-talk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athanasios Papadas
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Medicine, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA.,Cellular & Molecular Pathology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Garrett Arauz
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Medicine, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Alexander Cicala
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Medicine, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Joshua Wiesner
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Medicine, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Fotis Asimakopoulos
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Medicine, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
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Manipulation of Metabolic Pathways and Its Consequences for Anti-Tumor Immunity: A Clinical Perspective. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21114030. [PMID: 32512898 PMCID: PMC7312891 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21114030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In the relatively short history of anti-tumor treatment, numerous medications have been developed against a variety of targets. Intriguingly, although many anti-tumor strategies have failed in their clinical trials, metformin, an anti-diabetic medication, demonstrated anti-tumor effects in observational studies and even showed its synergistic potential with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in subsequent clinical studies. Looking back from bedside-to-bench, it may not be surprising that the anti-tumor effect of metformin derives largely from its ability to rewire aberrant metabolic pathways within the tumor microenvironment. As one of the most promising breakthroughs in oncology, ICIs were also found to exert their immune-stimulatory effects at least partly via rewiring metabolic pathways. These findings underscore the importance of correcting metabolic pathways to achieve sufficient anti-tumor immunity. Herein, we start by introducing the tumor microenvironment, and then we review the implications of metabolic syndrome and treatments for targeting metabolic pathways in anti-tumor therapies. We further summarize the close associations of certain aberrant metabolic pathways with impaired anti-tumor immunity and introduce the therapeutic effects of targeting these routes. Lastly, we go through the metabolic effects of ICIs and conclude an overall direction to manipulate metabolic pathways in favor of anti-tumor responses.
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Garner H, de Visser KE. Immune crosstalk in cancer progression and metastatic spread: a complex conversation. Nat Rev Immunol 2020; 20:483-497. [PMID: 32024984 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-019-0271-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 221] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Metastatic disease is responsible for approximately 90% of cancer deaths. For successful dissemination and metastasis, cancer cells must evade detection and destruction by the immune system. This process is enabled by factors secreted by the primary tumour that shape both the intratumoural microenvironment and the systemic immune landscape. Here, we review the evidence of aberrant immune cell crosstalk in metastasis formation and the role that primary tumours play in hijacking these interactions in order to enhance their metastatic potential. Moreover, we highlight the intriguing parallels between the inflammatory pathways underlying inflammatory disorders and cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Garner
- Division of Tumour Biology & Immunology, Oncode Institute, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Karin E de Visser
- Division of Tumour Biology & Immunology, Oncode Institute, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands. .,Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands.
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Wang Q, Wang Z, Wu Y, Klinke DJ. An in silico exploration of combining Interleukin-12 with Oxaliplatin to treat liver-metastatic colorectal cancer. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:26. [PMID: 31914948 PMCID: PMC6950805 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-6500-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Combining anti-cancer therapies with orthogonal modes of action, such as direct cytotoxicity and immunostimulatory, hold promise for expanding clinical benefit to patients with metastatic disease. For instance, a chemotherapy agent Oxaliplatin (OXP) in combination with Interleukin-12 (IL-12) can eliminate pre-existing liver metastatic colorectal cancer and protect from relapse in a murine model. However, the underlying dynamics associated with the targeted biology and the combinatorial space consisting of possible dosage and timing of each therapy present challenges for optimizing treatment regimens. To address some of these challenges, we developed a predictive simulation platform for optimizing dose and timing of the combination therapy involving Mifepristone-induced IL-12 and chemotherapy agent OXP. Methods A multi-scale mathematical model comprised of impulsive ordinary differential equations was developed to describe the interaction between the immune system and tumor cells in response to the combined IL-12 and OXP therapy. An ensemble of model parameters were calibrated to published experimental data using a genetic algorithm and used to represent three different phenotypes: responders, partial-responders, and non-responders. Results The multi-scale model captures tumor growth patterns of the three phenotypic responses observed in mice in response to the combination therapy against a tumor re-challenge and was used to explore the impacts of changing the dose and timing of the mixed immune-chemotherapy on tumor growth subjected to a tumor re-challenge in mice. An increased ratio of CD8 + T effectors to regulatory T cells during and after treatment was key to improve tumor control in the responder cohort. Sensitivity analysis indicates that combined OXP and IL-12 therapy worked more efficiently in responders by increased priming of T cells, enhanced CD8 + T cell-mediated killing, and functional inhibition of regulatory T cells. In a virtual cohort that mimics non-responders and partial-responders, simulations show that an increased dose of OXP alone would improve the response. In addition, enhanced IL-12 expression alone or an increased number of treatment cycles of the mixed immune-chemotherapy can barely improve tumor control for non-responders and partial responders. Conclusions Overall, this study illustrates how mechanistic models can be used for in silico screening of the optimal therapeutic dose and timing in combined cancer treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Wang
- Department of Computer Sciences, Mathematics, and Engineering, Shepherd University, Shepherdstown, 25443, WV, USA
| | - Zhijun Wang
- Department of Computer Sciences, Mathematics, and Engineering, Shepherd University, Shepherdstown, 25443, WV, USA
| | - Yan Wu
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, 30458, GA, USA
| | - David J Klinke
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering and WVU Cancer Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, 25606, WV, USA. .,Department of Microbiology, Immunology, & Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, 25606, WV, USA.
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Lee JH, Choi SY, Jung NC, Song JY, Seo HG, Lee HS, Lim DS. The Effect of the Tumor Microenvironment and Tumor-Derived Metabolites on Dendritic Cell Function. J Cancer 2020; 11:769-775. [PMID: 31949478 PMCID: PMC6959009 DOI: 10.7150/jca.38785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) have a critical effect on the outcome of adaptive immune responses against growing tumors. Recent studies on the metabolism on DCs provide new insights on the functioning of these critical controllers of innate and adaptive immunity. DCs within the tumor microenvironment (TME) often exist in an inactive state, which is thought to limit the adaptive immune response elicited by the growing tumor. Tumor-derived factors in the TME are known to suppress DC activation and result in functional alterations in DC phenotype. We are now beginning to appreciate that many of these factors can also induce changes in immune cell metabolism. In this review, we discuss the functional alternation of DC phenotype by tumor metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Ho Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, CHA University, 335 Pangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do 13488, Republic of Korea.,Pharos Vaccine Inc., 545 Dunchon-daero, Jungwon-gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do 13215, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Yeon Choi
- Department of Biotechnology, CHA University, 335 Pangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Chul Jung
- Pharos Vaccine Inc., 545 Dunchon-daero, Jungwon-gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do 13215, Republic of Korea
| | - Jie-Young Song
- Department of Radiation Cancer Sciences, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Geuk Seo
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Products, Sanghuh College of Life Sciences, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Soo Lee
- Pharos Vaccine Inc., 545 Dunchon-daero, Jungwon-gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do 13215, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Seog Lim
- Department of Biotechnology, CHA University, 335 Pangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do 13488, Republic of Korea
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Papadas A, Asimakopoulos F. Versican in the Tumor Microenvironment. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1272:55-72. [PMID: 32845502 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-48457-6_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Versican is an extracellular matrix proteoglycan with nonredundant roles in diverse biological and cellular processes, ranging from embryonic development to adult inflammation and cancer. Versican is essential for cardiovascular morphogenesis, neural crest migration, and skeletal development during embryogenesis. In the adult, versican acts as an inflammation "amplifier" and regulator of immune cell activation and cytokine production. Increased versican expression has been observed in a wide range of malignant tumors and has been associated with poor patient outcomes. The main sources of versican production in the tumor microenvironment include accessory cells (myeloid cells and stromal components) and, in some contexts, the tumor cells themselves. Versican has been implicated in several classical hallmarks of cancer such as proliferative signaling, evasion of growth suppressor signaling, resistance to cell death, angiogenesis, and tissue invasion and metastasis. More recently, versican has been implicated in escape from tumor immune surveillance, e.g., through dendritic cell dysfunction. Versican's multiple contributions to benign and malignant biological processes are further diversified through the generation of versican-derived bioactive proteolytic fragments (matrikines), with versikine being the most studied to date. Versican and versican-derived matrikines hold promise as targets in the management of inflammatory and malignant conditions as well as in the development of novel predictive and prognostic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athanasios Papadas
- Department of Medicine, Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, University of California San Diego (UCSD), Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla, CA, USA. .,University of Wisconsin-Madison, Cellular and Molecular Pathology Program, Madison, WI, USA.
| | - Fotis Asimakopoulos
- Department of Medicine, Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, University of California San Diego (UCSD), Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla, CA, USA
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50
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Benites BD, Alvarez MC, Saad STO. Small Particles, Big Effects: The Interplay Between Exosomes and Dendritic Cells in Antitumor Immunity and Immunotherapy. Cells 2019; 8:E1648. [PMID: 31888159 PMCID: PMC6952774 DOI: 10.3390/cells8121648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 12/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells play a fundamental role in the antitumor immunity cycle, and the loss of their antigen-presenting function is a recognized mechanism of tumor evasion. We have recently demonstrated the effect of exosomes extracted from serum of patients with acute myeloid leukemia as important inducers of dendritic cell immunotolerance, and several other works have recently demonstrated the effects of these nanoparticles on immunity to other tumor types as well. The aim of this review was to highlight the recent findings on the effects of tumor exosomes on dendritic cell functions, the mechanisms by which they can lead to tumor evasion, and their manipulation as a possible strategy in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Deltreggia Benites
- Hematology and Transfusion Medicine Center, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-970, Brazil; (M.C.A.); (S.T.O.S.)
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