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Kang M, Lee S, Seo JP, Lee EB, Ahn D, Shin J, Paik YK, Jo D. Cell-permeable bone morphogenetic protein 2 facilitates bone regeneration by promoting osteogenesis. Mater Today Bio 2024; 25:100983. [PMID: 38327977 PMCID: PMC10848039 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.100983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The use of the FDA-approved osteoinductive growth factor BMP2 is widespread for bone regeneration. However, its clinical application has been hindered by limitations in cell permeability and a short half-life in circulation. To address this issue, we have developed a modified version of BMP2, referred to as Cell Permeable (CP)-BMP2, which possesses improved cell permeability. CP-BMP2 incorporates an advanced macromolecular transduction domain (aMTD) to facilitate transfer across the plasma membrane, a solubilization domain, and recombinant human BMP2. Compared to traditional rhBMP2, CP-BMP2 exhibits enhanced cell permeability, solubility, and bioavailability, and activates Smad phosphorylation through binding to BMP receptor 2. The effectiveness of CP-BMP2 was evaluated in three animal studies focusing on bone regeneration. In the initial study, mice and rabbits with critical-size calvarial defects received subcutaneous (SC) injections of CP-BMP2 and rhBMP2 (7.5 mg/kg, 3 injections per week for 8 weeks).Following 8 weeks of administration, CP-BMP2 demonstrated a remarkable 65 % increase in bone formation in mice when compared to both the vehicle and rhBMP2. Moreover, rabbits exhibited faster bone formation, characterized by a filling pattern originating from the center. In a subsequent study involving injured horses, hind limb bones treated with CP-BMP2 exhibited an 85 % higher bone regeneration rate, as evidenced by Micro-CT results, in contrast to horses treated with the vehicle or rhBMP2 (administered at 150 μg/defect, subcutaneously, once a week for 8 weeks, without a scaffold). These results underscore the potential of CP-BMP2 to facilitate rapid and effective healing. No noticeable adverse effects, such as ectopic bone formation, were observed in any of the studies. Overall, our findings demonstrate that CP-BMP2 holds therapeutic potential as a novel and effective osteogenic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingu Kang
- Cellivery R&D Institute, Cellivery Therapeutics, Inc., Seoul, 03929, South Korea
| | - Seokwon Lee
- Cellivery R&D Institute, Cellivery Therapeutics, Inc., Seoul, 03929, South Korea
| | - Jong-pil Seo
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, South Korea
| | - Eun-bee Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, South Korea
| | - Daye Ahn
- Cellivery R&D Institute, Cellivery Therapeutics, Inc., Seoul, 03929, South Korea
| | - Jisoo Shin
- Cellivery R&D Institute, Cellivery Therapeutics, Inc., Seoul, 03929, South Korea
| | - Young-Ki Paik
- Cellivery R&D Institute, Cellivery Therapeutics, Inc., Seoul, 03929, South Korea
| | - Daewoong Jo
- Cellivery R&D Institute, Cellivery Therapeutics, Inc., Seoul, 03929, South Korea
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2
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Ciller I, Palanisamy S, Ciller U, Al-Ali I, Coumans J, McFarlane J. Steroidogenic enzyme gene expression and testosterone production are developmentally modulated by bone morphogenetic protein receptor-1B in mouse testis. Physiol Res 2023; 72:359-369. [PMID: 37455641 PMCID: PMC10668998 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.935014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) and receptors (BMPR-1A, BMPR-1B, BMPR-2) have been shown to be vital for female reproduction, while their roles in males are poorly described. Our study was undertaken to specify the function of BMPR-1B in steroidogenic enzyme gene expression, testosterone production and reproductive development in male mice, given that Bmpr1b mRNA is expressed in mouse testis and Bmpr1b knockout results in compromised fertility. Male mice were passively immunized for 6 days with anti-BMPR-1B in the presence or absence of exogenous gonadotrophins. We then measured the effects of anti-BMPR-1B on testicular hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase isoforms (Hsd3b1, Hsd3b6, and Hsd17b3) and aromatase (Cyp19) mRNA expression, testicular and serum testosterone levels, and testis and seminal vesicle weight. In vitro testosterone production in response to anti-BMPR-1B was determined using testicular culture, and Leydig cell culture in the presence or absence of gonadotrophins. In Leydig cell culture the contribution of seminiferous tubules and Leydig cells were examined by preconditioning the media with these testicular constituents. In adult mice, anti-BMPR-1B increased testosterone and Hsd3b1 but decreased Hsd3b6 and Cyp19 mRNA. In adult testicular culture and seminiferous tubule conditioned Leydig cell culture, anti-BMPR-1B reduced testosterone, while in normal and Leydig cell conditioned Leydig cell culture it increased testosterone levels. In pubertal mice, anti-BMPR-1B reduced gonadotrophin stimulated seminal vesicle growth. In conclusion, BMPR-1B has specific developmental functions in the autocrine and paracrine regulation of testicular steroidogenic enzyme gene expression and testosterone production in adults and in the development of seminal vesicles during puberty.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Ciller
- School of Rural Medicine, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia.
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3
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Das R, Kundu S, Laskar S, Choudhury Y, Ghosh SK. In silico assessment of DNA damage response gene variants associated with head and neck cancer. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2022; 41:2090-2107. [PMID: 35037836 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2027817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Head and neck cancer (HNC), the sixth most common cancer globally, stands first in India, especially Northeast India, where tobacco usage is predominant, which introduces various carcinogens leading to malignancies by accumulating DNA damages. Consequently, the present work aimed to predict the impact of significant germline variants in DNA repair and Tumour Suppressor genes on HNC development. WES in Ion ProtonTM platform on 'discovery set' (n = 15), followed by recurrence assessment of the observed variants on 'confirmation set' (n = 40) using Sanger Sequencing was performed on the HNC-prevalent NE Indian populations. Initially, 53 variants were identified, of which seven HNC-linked DNA damage response gene variants were frequent in the studied populations. Different tools ascertained the biological consequences of these variants, of which the non-coding variants viz. EXO1_rs4150018, RAD52_rs6413436, CHD5_rs2746066, HACE1_rs6918700 showed risk, while FLT3_rs2491227 and BMPR1A_rs7074064 conferred protection against HNC by affecting transcriptional regulation and splicing mechanism. Molecular Dynamics Simulation of the full-length p53 model predicted that the observed coding TP53_rs1042522 variant conferred HNC-risk by altering the structural dynamics of the protein, which displayed difficulty in the transition between active and inactive conformations due to high-energy barrier. Subsequent pathway and gene ontology analysis revealed that EXO1, RAD52 and TP53 variants affected the Double-Strand Break Repair pathway, whereas CHD5 and HACE1 variants inactivated DNA repair cascade, facilitating uncontrolled cell proliferation, impaired apoptosis and malignant transformation. Conversely, FLT3 and BMPR1A variants protected against HNC by controlling tumorigenesis, which requires experimental validation. These findings may serve as prognostic markers for developing preventive measures against HNC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raima Das
- Department of Biotechnology, Assam University, Silchar, India
| | - Sharbadeb Kundu
- Genome Science, School of Interdisciplinary Studies, University of Kalyani, Nadia, West India
| | - Shaheen Laskar
- Department of Biotechnology, Assam University, Silchar, India
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4
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Dholariya S, Parchwani D, Radadiya M, Singh RD, Sonagra A, Patel D, Sharma G. CRISPR/Cas9: A Molecular Tool for Ovarian Cancer Management beyond Gene Editing. Crit Rev Oncog 2022; 27:1-22. [PMID: 37199299 DOI: 10.1615/critrevoncog.2022043814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer manifests with early metastases and has an adverse outcome, impacting the health of women globally. Currently, this malignancy is often treated with cytoreductive surgery and platinum-based chemotherapy. This treatment option has a limited success rate due to tumor recurrence and chemoresistance. Consequently, the fundamental objective of ovarian cancer treatment is the development of novel treatment approaches. As a new robust tool, the CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing system has shown immense promise in elucidating the molecular basis of all the facets of ovarian cancer. Due to the precise gene editing capabilities of CRISPR-Cas9, researchers have been able to conduct a more comprehensive investigation of the genesis of ovarian cancer. This gained knowledge can be translated into the development of novel diagnostic approaches and newer therapeutic targets for this dreadful malignancy. There is encouraging preclinical evidence that suggests that CRISPR/Cas9 is a powerful versatile tool for selectively targeting cancer cells and inhibiting tumor growth, establishing new signaling pathways involved in carcinogenesis, and verifying biomolecules as druggable targets. In this review, we analyzed the current research and progress made using CRISPR/Cas9-based engineering strategies in the diagnosis and treatment, as well as the challenges in bringing this method to clinics. This comprehensive analysis will lay the basis for subsequent research in the future for the treatment of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagar Dholariya
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Rajkot, Gujarat, India
| | - Deepak Parchwani
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Rajkot, Gujarat, India
| | - Madhuri Radadiya
- Department of Radiology, Pandit Dindayal Upadhyay (PDU) Medical College, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
| | - Ragini D Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Rajkot, Gujarat, India
| | - Amit Sonagra
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Rajkot, Gujarat, India
| | | | - Gaurav Sharma
- Department of Physiology, AIIMS, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
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5
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Luo S, Wang Y, Tao Y, Li S, Wang Z, He W, Wang H, Wang N, Xu J, Song H. Application in Gene Editing in Ovarian Cancer Therapy. Cancer Invest 2021; 40:387-399. [PMID: 34758691 DOI: 10.1080/07357907.2021.1998521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The onset and progression of ovarian cancer (OC) are closely related to dysregulated gene expression. Current treatments for OC are mainly limited to surgery and chemotherapy. However, due to low drug sensitivity, the prognosis OC is exceptionally poor and the recurrence rate remains high. Hence, it is vital to develop new treatment strategies. Gene editing for site-specific genomic modification is a powerful novel tool for the treatment of OC. In this article, current gene editing research for the treatment of OC is reviewed to provide a reference for the clinical application of new approaches to improve treatment outcomes and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Luo
- National Joint Local Engineering Laboratory for Cell Engineering and Biomedicine Technique, Guizhou Province Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Key Laboratory of Adult Stem Cell Translational Research (Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Department of Clinical Medical College, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yujiao Wang
- Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yongyu Tao
- Department of Clinical Medical College, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Shuo Li
- Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zirui Wang
- Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wei He
- Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hangxing Wang
- Department of Clinical Medical College, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Department of Clinical Medical College, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jianwei Xu
- National Joint Local Engineering Laboratory for Cell Engineering and Biomedicine Technique, Guizhou Province Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Key Laboratory of Adult Stem Cell Translational Research (Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Department of Clinical Medical College, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Department of General Surgery, Dalang Hospital, Dongguan, China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Hailiang Song
- Department of General Surgery, Dalang Hospital, Dongguan, China
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6
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Zhang W, Liu Y, Zhou X, Zhao R, Wang H. Applications of CRISPR-Cas9 in gynecological cancer research. Clin Genet 2020; 97:827-834. [PMID: 32040210 DOI: 10.1111/cge.13717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Gynecological cancers pose a significant threat to women's health worldwide, with cervical cancer, ovarian cancer, and endometrial cancer having high incidences. Current gynecological cancer treatment methods mainly include surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and chemoradiotherapy. The CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing technology as a new therapeutic method has shown tremendous effect in the treatment of other cancers, promoting research on its potential therapeutic effect in gynecological cancer. In this article, we reviewed the current research status of CRISPR-Cas9 technology in gynecological cancer, focusing on the importance of studying the mechanism of CRISPR-Cas9 in gynecological cancer treatment, thereby laying a foundation for further research on its clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xing Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Rong Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongbo Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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7
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Luo H, Zhao Q, Wei W, Zheng L, Yi S, Li G, Wang W, Sheng H, Pu H, Mo H, Zuo Z, Liu Z, Li C, Xie C, Zeng Z, Li W, Hao X, Liu Y, Cao S, Liu W, Gibson S, Zhang K, Xu G, Xu RH. Circulating tumor DNA methylation profiles enable early diagnosis, prognosis prediction, and screening for colorectal cancer. Sci Transl Med 2020; 12:12/524/eaax7533. [PMID: 31894106 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aax7533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 221] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) has emerged as a useful diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in many cancers. Here, we conducted a study to investigate the potential use of ctDNA methylation markers for the diagnosis and prognostication of colorectal cancer (CRC) and used a prospective cohort to validate their effectiveness in screening patients at high risk of CRC. We first identified CRC-specific methylation signatures by comparing CRC tissues to normal blood leukocytes. Then, we applied a machine learning algorithm to develop a predictive diagnostic and a prognostic model using cell-free DNA (cfDNA) samples from a cohort of 801 patients with CRC and 1021 normal controls. The obtained diagnostic prediction model discriminated patients with CRC from normal controls with high accuracy (area under curve = 0.96). The prognostic prediction model also effectively predicted the prognosis and survival of patients with CRC (P < 0.001). In addition, we generated a ctDNA-based molecular classification of CRC using an unsupervised clustering method and obtained two subgroups of patients with CRC with significantly different overall survival (P = 0.011 in validation cohort). Last, we found that a single ctDNA methylation marker, cg10673833, could yield high sensitivity (89.7%) and specificity (86.8%) for detection of CRC and precancerous lesions in a high-risk population of 1493 participants in a prospective cohort study. Together, our findings showed the value of ctDNA methylation markers in the diagnosis, surveillance, and prognosis of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyan Luo
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, P. R. China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, P. R. China
| | - Wei Wei
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, P. R. China
| | - Lianghong Zheng
- Guangzhou Youze Biological Pharmaceutical Technology Company Ltd., Guangzhou 510005, P.R. China
| | - Shaohua Yi
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology Tongji Medical College, Wuhan 430030, P. R. China
| | - Gen Li
- Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou 510623, P. R. China
| | - Wenqiu Wang
- Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai 200080, P. R. China
| | - Hui Sheng
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, P. R. China
| | - Hengying Pu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, P. R. China
| | - Haiyu Mo
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, P. R. China
| | - Zhixiang Zuo
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, P. R. China
| | - Zexian Liu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, P. R. China
| | - Chaofeng Li
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, P. R. China
| | - Chuanbo Xie
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, P. R. China
| | - Zhaolei Zeng
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, P. R. China
| | - Weimin Li
- Molecular Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoke Hao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, P. R. China
| | - Yuying Liu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, P. R. China
| | - Sumei Cao
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, P. R. China
| | - Wanli Liu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, P. R. China
| | - Sarah Gibson
- Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou 510623, P. R. China
| | - Kang Zhang
- Molecular Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, P. R. China
| | - Guoliang Xu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, P. R. China
| | - Rui-hua Xu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, P. R. China
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8
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Al-Dalahmah O, Campos Soares L, Nicholson J, Draijer S, Mundim M, Lu VM, Sun B, Tyler T, Adorján I, O'Neill E, Szele FG. Galectin-3 modulates postnatal subventricular zone gliogenesis. Glia 2019; 68:435-450. [PMID: 31626379 PMCID: PMC6916335 DOI: 10.1002/glia.23730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Postnatal subventricular zone (SVZ) neural stem cells generate forebrain glia, namely astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. The cues necessary for this process are unclear, despite this phase of brain development being pivotal in forebrain gliogenesis. Galectin‐3 (Gal‐3) is increased in multiple brain pathologies and thereby regulates astrocyte proliferation and inflammation in injury. To study the function of Gal‐3 in inflammation and gliogenesis, we carried out functional studies in mouse. We overexpressed Gal‐3 with electroporation and using immunohistochemistry surprisingly found no inflammation in the healthy postnatal SVZ. This allowed investigation of inflammation‐independent effects of Gal‐3 on gliogenesis. Loss of Gal‐3 function via knockdown or conditional knockout reduced gliogenesis, whereas Gal‐3 overexpression increased it. Gal‐3 overexpression also increased the percentage of striatal astrocytes generated by the SVZ but decreased the percentage of oligodendrocytes. These novel findings were further elaborated with multiple analyses demonstrating that Gal‐3 binds to the bone morphogenetic protein receptor one alpha (BMPR1α) and increases bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling. Conditional knockout of BMPR1α abolished the effect of Gal‐3 overexpression on gliogenesis. Gain‐of‐function of Gal‐3 is relevant in pathological conditions involving the human forebrain, which is particularly vulnerable to hypoxia/ischemia during perinatal gliogenesis. Hypoxic/ischemic injury induces astrogliosis, inflammation and cell death. We show that Gal‐3 immunoreactivity was increased in the perinatal human SVZ and striatum after hypoxia/ischemia. Our findings thus show a novel inflammation‐independent function for Gal‐3; it is necessary for gliogenesis and when increased in expression can induce astrogenesis via BMP signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama Al-Dalahmah
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Luana Campos Soares
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - James Nicholson
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Swip Draijer
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Mayara Mundim
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Victor M Lu
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Bin Sun
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Teadora Tyler
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - István Adorján
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Eric O'Neill
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Francis G Szele
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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