Type II diabetes-related enzyme inhibition and molecular modeling study of a novel series of pyrazolone derivatives

Powerful Potential of Polyfluoroalkyl-Containing 4-Arylhydrazinylidenepyrazol-3-ones for Pharmaceuticals

4-Arylhydrazinylidene-5-(polyfluoroalkyl)pyrazol-3-ones (4-AHPs) were found to be obtained by the regiospecific cyclization of 2-arylhydrazinylidene-3-(polyfluoroalkyl)-3-oxoesters with hydrazines, by the azo coupling of 4-nonsubstituted pyrazol-5-oles with aryldiazonium chlorides or by the firstly discovered acid-promoted self-condensation of 2-arylhydrazinylidene-3-oxoesters. All the 4-AHPs had an acceptable ADME profile. Varying the substituents in 4-AHPs promoted the switching or combining of their biological activity. The polyfluoroalkyl residue in 4-AHPs led to the appearance of an anticarboxylesterase action in the micromolar range. An NH-fragment and/or methyl group instead of the polyfluoroalkyl one in the 4-AHPs promoted antioxidant properties in the ABTS, FRAP and ORAC tests, as well as anti-cancer activity against HeLa that was at the Doxorubicin level coupled with lower cytotoxicity against normal human fibroblasts. Some Ph-N-substituted 4-AHPs could inhibit the growth of N. gonorrhoeae bacteria at MIC 0.9 μg/mL. The possibility of using 4-AHPs for cell visualization was shown. Most of the 4-AHPs exhibited a pronounced analgesic effect in a hot plate test in vivo at and above the diclofenac and metamizole levels except for the ones with two chlorine atoms in the aryl group. The methylsulfonyl residue was proved to raise the anti-inflammatory effect also. A mechanism of the antinociceptive action of the 4-AHPs through blocking the TRPV1 receptor was proposed and confirmed using in vitro experiment and molecular docking.

Pyrazolone structural motif in medicinal chemistry: Retrospect and prospect

The pyrazolone structural motif is a critical element of drugs aimed at different biological end-points. Medicinal chemistry researches have synthesized drug-like pyrazolone candidates with several medicinal features including antimicrobial, antitumor, CNS (central nervous system) effect, anti-inflammatory activities and so on. Meanwhile, SAR (Structure-Activity Relationship) investigations have drawn attentions among medicinal chemists, along with a plenty of analogues have been derived for multiple targets. In this review, we comprehensively summarize the biological activity and SAR for pyrazolone analogues, wishing to give an overall retrospect and prospect on the pyrazolone derivatives.

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The pyrazolone structural motif is a critical element of drugs aimed at different biological end-points.

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The pyrazolone analogues have been carried out to drug-like candidates with broad range of medicinal properties.

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This review wishes to give an overall retrospect and prospect on the pyrazolone derivatives.

Gold(i)- and rhodium(iii)-catalyzed formal regiodivergent C–H alkynylation of 1-arylpyrazolones

A transition-metal-catalyzed formal regiodivergent C–H alkynylation of 1-aryl-5-pyrazolones is described.