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Martinho LA, Andrade CKZ. HPW-Catalyzed environmentally benign approach to imidazo[1,2- a]pyridines. Beilstein J Org Chem 2024; 20:628-637. [PMID: 38533469 PMCID: PMC10964034 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.20.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine moiety is present in drugs with several biological activities. The most direct way of obtaining this nucleus is the Groebke-Blackburn-Bienaymé three-component reaction (GBB-3CR) between aminopyridines, aldehydes, and isocyanides under both Lewis and Brønsted acid catalysis. However, several catalysts for this reaction have major drawbacks such as being expensive, extremely dangerous, strong oxidizing, and even explosive. In this scenario, heteropolyacids emerge as greener and safer alternatives due to their very strong Brønsted acidity. In particular, phosphotungstic acid (HPW) is an economical and green attractive catalyst for being cheap, non-toxic, and is known for its chemical and thermal stability. Herein, we report a straightforward approach to the GBB-3CR using HPW as catalyst in ethanol under microwave (μw) heating. This convenient environmentally benign methodology is broad in scope, provides the heterobicyclic products in high yields (up to 99%), with a low catalyst loading (2 mol %) in only 30 minutes, and allows the successful use of aliphatic aldehydes, substrates not so frequently explored with most usual catalysts for this reaction. Furthermore, the aforementioned advantages make this methodology very attractive and superior to the existing ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luan A Martinho
- Instituto de Química, Laboratório de Química Metodológica e Orgânica Sintética (LaQMOS), Universidade de Brasília, 70904-970, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Carlos Kleber Z Andrade
- Instituto de Química, Laboratório de Química Metodológica e Orgânica Sintética (LaQMOS), Universidade de Brasília, 70904-970, Brasília, DF, Brazil
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Khatun S, Singh A, Bader GN, Sofi FA. Imidazopyridine, a promising scaffold with potential medicinal applications and structural activity relationship (SAR): recent advances. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2022; 40:14279-14302. [PMID: 34779710 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2021.1997818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Imidazopyridine scaffold has gained tremendous importance over the past few decades. Imidazopyridines have been expeditiously used for the rationale design and development of novel synthetic analogs for various therapeutic disorders. A wide variety of imidazopyridine derivatives have been developed as potential anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, anti-tubercular, anti-microbial, anti-viral, anti-inflammatory, central nervous system (CNS) agents besides other chemotherapeutic agents. Imidazopyridine heterocyclic system acts as a key pharmacophore motif for the identification and optimization of lead structures to increase medicinal chemistry toolbox. The present review highlights the medicinal significances of imidazopyridines for their rationale development as lead molecules with improved therapeutic efficacies. This review further emphasis on the structure-activity relationships (SARs) of the various designed imidazopyridines to establish a relationship between the key structural features versus the biological activities.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samima Khatun
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Punjab, India
| | - Abhinav Singh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Punjab, India
| | - Ghulam N Bader
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Applied Sciences and Technology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, J & K, India
| | - Firdoos Ahmad Sofi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Applied Sciences and Technology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, J & K, India
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Sanghavi KN, Dhuda GK, Kapadiya KM. Facile Microwave Synthesis of Pd-Catalyzed Suzuki Reaction for Bis-6-Aryl Imidazo[1,2- a]Pyridine-2-Carboxamide Derivatives with PEG3 Linker. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2022.2048035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kartik N. Sanghavi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, RK University, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
| | - Gautam Kumar Dhuda
- Department of Chemistry, Maharshi Dayanand Science College, Bhaktakavi Narsinh Mehta University, Porbandar, Gujarat, India
| | - Khushal M. Kapadiya
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, RK University, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
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Abeed AAO, El-Emary TI, Alharthi S. Efficient synthetic access to novel indolo[2,3-b]quinoxaline-based heterocycles. Curr Org Synth 2021; 19:177-185. [PMID: 34370643 DOI: 10.2174/1570179418666210809144906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This paper showed the synthetic capability of the indolo[2,3-b]quinoxaline nucleus to be provided as an excellent precursor for the synthesis of various heterocyclic compounds. These synthetic routes proceed via the formation of 3-(6H-indolo[2,3-b]quinoxalin-6-yl)propane hydrazide (2). The carbohydrazide 2 and its reactions with different reagents give five and six-membered rings, such as 1,3,4-thiadiazole, 1,3,4-oxadiazole, 1,2,4-triazole, and 1,2,4-triazine. METHODS All chemicals used in the current study were of analytical grade. Melting points were determined using an APP Digital ST 15 melting point apparatus and were uncorrected. FT-IR spectra were recorded on a Pye-Unicam SP3-100 and Shimadzu-408 spectrophotometers in KBr pellets and given in (cm-1) KBr. The NMR spectra were detected by a Bruker AV-400 spectrometer (400 MHz for 1H, 100 MHz for 13C and 40.55 MHz for 15N), Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe, Germany. Chemical shifts were expressed as δ (ppm) with TMS as an internal reference. Mass spectrometry was provided on a Varian MAT 312 instrument in EI mode (70 eV). RESULTS The target compounds were obtained, and their structures were completely elucidated by various spectral and elemental analyses (Ft-IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and mass spectrometry). CONCLUSION The current work showed a view of the reactivity of the carbohydrazide group. The carbohydrazide 2 was obtained from the hydrazinolysis of carboethoxy compound 1 and exploited as a key intermediate to synthesize heterocyclic compounds with different rings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Abdou O Abeed
- Departmentof Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, 71516, Egypt
| | - Talaat I El-Emary
- Departmentof Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, 71516, Egypt
| | - Sarah Alharthi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099 Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
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Vranda Shenoy K, Venugopal PP, Reena Kumari PD, Chakraborty D. Effective inhibition of mild steel corrosion by 6-bromo-(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)methylidene]imidazo [1,2-a]pyridine-2-carbohydrazide in 0.5 M HCl: Insights from experimental and computational study. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.130074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Yu Y, Han Y, Zhang F, Gao Z, Zhu T, Dong S, Ma M. Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine Derivatives as Novel PI3K/mTOR Dual Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2020; 63:3028-3046. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b01736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ya’nan Yu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Yuqiao Han
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Fupo Zhang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Zhenmei Gao
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Tong Zhu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Suzhen Dong
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Mingliang Ma
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics, Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
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Song MX, Deng XQ. Recent developments on triazole nucleus in anticonvulsant compounds: a review. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2018; 33:453-478. [PMID: 29383949 PMCID: PMC6010125 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2017.1423068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is one of the common diseases seriously threatening life and health of human. More than 50 million people are suffering from this condition and anticonvulsant agents are the main treatment. However, side effects and intolerance, and a lack of efficacy limit the application of the current anticonvulsant agents. The search for new anticonvulsant agents with higher efficacy and lower toxicity continues to be the focus and task in medicinal chemistry. Numbers of triazole derivatives as clinical drugs or candidates have been frequently employed for the treatment of various types of diseases, which have proved the importance of this heterocyclic nucleus in drug design and discovery. Recently many endeavours were made to involve the triazole into the anticonvulsants design, which have brought lots of active compounds. This work is an attempt to systematically review the research of triazole derivatives in the design and development of anticonvulsant agents during the past two decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Xia Song
- Medical College, Jinggangshan University, Ji’an, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xian-Qing Deng
- Medical College, Jinggangshan University, Ji’an, Jiangxi, China
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Ravi C, Adimurthy S. Synthesis of Imidazo[1,2‐a]pyridines: C‐H Functionalization in the Direction of C‐S Bond Formation. CHEM REC 2017; 17:1019-1038. [DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201600146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chitrakar Ravi
- Natural Products & Green ChemistryCSIR-Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute G.B. Marg, Bhavnagar-364002 Gujarat India
| | - Subbarayappa Adimurthy
- Natural Products & Green ChemistryCSIR-Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute G.B. Marg, Bhavnagar-364002 Gujarat India
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Bagdi PR, Basha RS, Khan AT. Synthesis of 2-triazolyl-imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine through a one-pot three-component reaction using a nano copper oxide assisted click-catalyst. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra09671e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The syntheses of 2-triazolyl imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine were accomplished through 5-exo dig cyclisation using 5 mol% nanocopper oxide together with 10 mol% sodium ascorbate as a click-catalyst in ethanol at 70 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasanta Ray Bagdi
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati
- Guwahati 781 039
- India
| | - R. Sidick Basha
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati
- Guwahati 781 039
- India
| | - Abu T. Khan
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati
- Guwahati 781 039
- India
- Vice-Chancellor
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Delgado O, Delgado F, Vega JA, Trabanco AA. N-Bridged 5,6-bicyclic pyridines: Recent applications in central nervous system disorders. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 97:719-31. [PMID: 25542766 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Revised: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The search for novel heterobicyclic compounds within the drug-like chemical space continues to be an area of interest in medicinal chemistry. Unsaturated N-bridgehead heterocycles are well represented in marketed drugs for a variety of therapeutic areas, and continue to play an important role in central nervous system (CNS) drug discovery programs. Examples of medicinal chemistry strategies that make use of N-bridged 5,6-bicyclic pyridines are discussed here in this Minireview, which covers the literature from 2010 up to 2014. B1-class imidazopyridines and B3-class pyrazolopyridines have proven to be at the forefront of molecular prototypes that are capable of interacting with disease relevant targets in neurodegeneration and neuropsychiatry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Delgado
- Neuroscience Medicinal Chemistry, Janssen Research & Development, Janssen-Cilag S.A., C/Jarama 75, 45007 Toledo, Spain
| | - Francisca Delgado
- Neuroscience Medicinal Chemistry, Janssen Research & Development, Janssen-Cilag S.A., C/Jarama 75, 45007 Toledo, Spain
| | - Juan Antonio Vega
- Neuroscience Medicinal Chemistry, Janssen Research & Development, Janssen-Cilag S.A., C/Jarama 75, 45007 Toledo, Spain
| | - Andrés A Trabanco
- Neuroscience Medicinal Chemistry, Janssen Research & Development, Janssen-Cilag S.A., C/Jarama 75, 45007 Toledo, Spain.
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