Synthesis and preliminary in vitro activity of mono- and bis-1H-1,2,3-triazole-tethered β-lactam-isatin conjugates against the human protozoal pathogen Trichomonas vaginalis

β-Lactam and penicillin substituted mesoionic metal carbene complexes

1,2,3-Triazolylidene MIC M-complexes (M = Au, Pd, Pt) having 2-azetidinones and penicillin G substituents at the triazole ring were prepared by CuAAC on 2-azetidinones having a terminal alkyne tethered at N1, followed by alkylation of the 1,2,3-triazole ring and transmetallation [Au(I), Pd(II) and Pt(II)]. The Au-MIC complexes efficiently catalyze the regioselective cycloisomerization of enynes, while the Pt-MIC complexes were efficient catalysts in hydrosilylation reactions.

One-pot synthesis of 3-substituted-3-hydroxyindolin-2-ones: three component coupling of N-protected isatin, aryne precursor and 1,3-cyclodione under metal-free conditions

A transition-metal free synthetic strategy for the direct synthesis of 3-substituted-3-hydroxy-indolin-2-ones via three component coupling of N-protected isatin, aryne precursor, and 1,3-cyclodione.

Novel Hybrid Molecules Based on triazole-β-lactam as Potential Biological Agents

Triazole ring is a cyclic scaffold containing three heteroatoms of nitrogen. They display a broad variety of biological activities. The uncatalyzed/catalyzed 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions are a chemical reaction between a 1,3-dipole and a dipolarophile to achieve 1,2,3-triazoles. The hybrid approach is an innovative and powerful synthetic tool for the synthesis of two or more distinct entities in one molecule with novel biological activities. Owing to the high potential of β-lactams to display noticeable biological properties, these compounds have been one of the important ingredients in hybrid molecules. The four-membered lactams have been recognized as a part of penicillin. There are various synthetic protocols for the synthesis of β-lactams. Staudinger reaction of the Schiff bases with diphenylketenes is a successful and famous strategy for the synthesis of these products. Even though, the number of heterocyclic compounds is limited, plenty of hybrids based on heterocyclic compounds can be designed and prepared. The synthesis of hybrid products of triazole-β-lactam has proved to be highly challenging. The current review article outlines the diversity and creativity in the elegant synthesis of triazole-β-lactam hybrids as potential biological agents. Molecules including isatin, ferrocene, bile acid, chalcone, and etc were attached to β-lactam with triazole linker, as well.

Recent Advances in the Discovery of Novel Antiprotozoal Agents

Parasitic diseases have serious health, social, and economic impacts, especially in the tropical regions of the world. Diseases caused by protozoan parasites are responsible for considerable mortality and morbidity, affecting more than 500 million people worldwide. Globally, the burden of protozoan diseases is increasing and is been exacerbated because of a lack of effective medication due to the drug resistance and toxicity of current antiprotozoal agents. These limitations have prompted many researchers to search for new drugs against protozoan parasites. In this review, we have compiled the latest information (2012-2017) on the structures and pharmacological activities of newly developed organic compounds against five major protozoan diseases, giardiasis, leishmaniasis, malaria, trichomoniasis, and trypanosomiasis, with the aim of showing recent advances in the discovery of new antiprotozoal drugs.

Synthesis and Reactivity of Propargylamines in Organic Chemistry

Propargylamines are a versatile class of compounds which find broad application in many fields of chemistry. This review aims to describe the different strategies developed so far for the synthesis of propargylamines and their derivatives as well as to highlight their reactivity and use as building blocks in the synthesis of chemically relevant organic compounds. In the first part of the review, the different synthetic approaches to synthesize propargylamines, such as A³ couplings and C-H functionalization of alkynes, have been described and organized on the basis of the catalysts employed in the syntheses. Both racemic and enantioselective approaches have been reported. In the second part, an overview of the transformations of propargylamines into heterocyclic compounds such as pyrroles, pyridines, thiazoles, and oxazoles, as well as other relevant organic derivatives, is presented.

1-Butylimidazole-derived ionic liquids: synthesis, characterisation and evaluation of their antibacterial, antifungal and anticancer activities

The reaction of 1-butylimidazole (1a) with aryl/alkoxy halides (2a–h) using a microwave solvent-free approach delivered imidazolium-based ILs (3a–h) in good yield. Some of them showed promising antibacterial and antifungal activities.