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Azari A, Goodarzi A, Jafarkhani B, Eghbali M, Karimi Z, Hosseini Balef SS, Irannejad H. Novel molecular targets and mechanisms for neuroprotective modulation in neurodegenerative disorders. Cent Nerv Syst Agents Med Chem 2022; 22:88-107. [PMID: 35713146 DOI: 10.2174/1871524922666220616092132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuronal death underlies the symptoms of several human neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and Huntington's diseases, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis that their precise pathophysiology have not yet been elucidated. According to various studies the prohibition is the best therapy with neuroprotective approaches which are advanced and safe methods. METHODS This review summarizes some of the already-known and newly emerged neuroprotective targets and strategies that their experimental effects have been reported. Accordingly, literature was studied from 2000 to 2021 and appropriate articles were searched in Google Scholar and Scopus with the keywords given in the Keywords section of the current review. RESULTS Lewy bodies are the histopathologic characteristics of neurodegenerative disorders and are protein-rich intracellular deposits in which Alpha-Synuclein is its major protein. Alpha-Synuclein's toxic potential provides a compelling rationale for therapeutic strategies aimed at decreasing its burden in neuronal cells through numerous pathways including ubiquitin-proteasome system and autophagy-lysosome Pathway, proteolytic breakdown via cathepsin D, kallikrein-6 (neurosin), calpain-1 or MMP9, heat shock proteins, and proteolysis targeting chimera which consists of a target protein ligand and an E3 ubiquitin ligase (E3) followed by target protein ubiquitination (PROTACs). Other targets that have been noticed recently are the mutant huntingtin, tau proteins and glycogen synthase kinase 3β that their accumulation proceeds extensive neuronal damage and up to the minute approach such as Proteolysis Targeting Chimera promotes its degradation in cells. As various studies demonstrated that Mendelian gene mutations can result into the neurodegenerative diseases, additional target that has gained much interest is epigenetics such as mutation, phosphodiesterase, RNA binding proteins and Nuclear respiratory factor 1. CONCLUSION The novel molecular targets and new strategies compiled and introduced here can be used by scientists to design and discover more efficient small molecule drugs against the neurodegenerative diseases. And also the genes in which their mutations can lead to the α-synuclein aggregation or accumulation are discussed and considered a valuable information of epigenetics in dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aala Azari
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Amin Goodarzi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Behrouz Jafarkhani
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mohammad Eghbali
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Zohreh Karimi
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Imam Khomeini hospital, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Seyed Sajad Hosseini Balef
- Department of Bioinformatics, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Irannejad
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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2
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Sahin Z, Biltekin SN, Ozansoy M, Hemiş B, Ozansoy MB, Yurttaş L, Berk B, Demirayak Ş. Synthesis and
in vitro
Antitumor Activities of Novel Thioamide Substituted Piperazinyl‐1,2,
4‐Triazines. J Heterocycl Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.4470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zafer Sahin
- Istanbul Medipol University, School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Istanbul Turkey
| | - Sevde Nur Biltekin
- Istanbul Medipol University, School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Istanbul Turkey
- Institute of Science Istanbul University Istanbul Turkey
| | - Mehmet Ozansoy
- Bahçeşehir University, School of Medicine, Department of Physiology Istanbul Turkey
| | - Bervis Hemiş
- Bahçeşehir University, School of Medicine Istanbul Turkey
| | | | - Leyla Yurttaş
- Anadolu University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Eskisehir Turkey
| | - Barkin Berk
- Istanbul Medipol University, School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Istanbul Turkey
| | - Şeref Demirayak
- Istanbul Medipol University, School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Istanbul Turkey
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3
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Design and Synthesis of Arylpiperazine Serotonergic/Dopaminergic Ligands with Neuroprotective Properties. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27041297. [PMID: 35209087 PMCID: PMC8877291 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27041297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Long-chain arylpiperazine scaffold is a versatile template to design central nervous system (CNS) drugs that target serotonin and dopamine receptors. Here we describe the synthesis and biological evaluation of ten new arylpiperazine derivatives designed to obtain an affinity profile at serotonin 5-HT1A, 5-HT2A, 5-HT7 receptor, and dopamine D2 receptor of prospective drugs to treat the core symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) or psychosis. Besides the structural features required for affinity at the target receptors, the new compounds incorporated structural fragments with antioxidant properties to counteract oxidative stress connected with ASD and psychosis. All the new compounds showed CNS MultiParameter Optimization score predictive of desirable ADMET properties and cross the blood–brain barrier. We identified compound 12a that combines an affinity profile compatible with antipsychotic activity (5-HT1AKi = 41.5 nM, 5-HT2AKi = 315 nM, 5-HT7Ki = 42.5 nM, D2Ki = 300 nM), and compound 9b that has an affinity profile consistent with studies in the context of ASD (5-HT1AKi = 23.9 nM, 5-HT2AKi = 39.4 nM, 5-HT7Ki = 45.0 nM). Both compounds also had antioxidant properties. All compounds showed low in vitro metabolic stability, the only exception being compound 9b, which might be suitable for studies in vivo.
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Alshammari NAH, Bakhotmah DA. Synthesis, Reactivity, and Applications of 4-Amino-3-Thioxo/Hydrazino-6-Substituted-1,2,4-Triazin-5-Ones and Their Derivatives: A Review. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2022.2025863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nawaa Ali H. Alshammari
- Department of Chemistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Northern Border University, Rafha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dina A. Bakhotmah
- Department of Chemistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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5
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Kong L, Meng J, Tian W, Liu J, Hu X, Jiang ZH, Zhang W, Li Y, Bai LP. I 2-Catalyzed Carbonylation of α-Methylene Ketones to Synthesize 1,2-Diaryl Diketones and Antiviral Quinoxalines in One Pot. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:1380-1394. [PMID: 35036799 PMCID: PMC8757360 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c06017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
An efficient approach for the synthesis of 1,2-diaryl diketones was developed from readily available α-methylene ketones by catalysis of I2. In the same oxidation system, a novel one-pot procedure was established for the construction of antiviral and anticancer quinoxalines. The reactions proceeded well with a wide variety of substrates and good functional group tolerance, affording desired compounds in moderate to excellent yields. Quinoxalines 4ca and 4ad inhibited viral entry of SARS-CoV-2 spike pseudoviruses into HEK-293T-ACE2h host cells as dual blockers of both human ACE2 receptor and viral spike RBD with IC50 values of 19.70 and 21.28 μM, respectively. In addition, cytotoxic evaluation revealed that 4aa, 4ba, 4ia, and 4ab suppressed four cancer cells with IC50 values ranging from 6.25 to 28.55 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingkai Kong
- State
Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute
for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao
Joint Laboratory of Respiratory Infectious Disease, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa 999078, Macau, People’s Republic
of China
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi
University, Linyi, Shandong 276000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jieru Meng
- State
Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute
for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao
Joint Laboratory of Respiratory Infectious Disease, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa 999078, Macau, People’s Republic
of China
| | - Wenyue Tian
- State
Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute
for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao
Joint Laboratory of Respiratory Infectious Disease, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa 999078, Macau, People’s Republic
of China
| | - Jiazheng Liu
- State
Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute
for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao
Joint Laboratory of Respiratory Infectious Disease, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa 999078, Macau, People’s Republic
of China
| | - Xueping Hu
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi
University, Linyi, Shandong 276000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Hong Jiang
- State
Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute
for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao
Joint Laboratory of Respiratory Infectious Disease, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa 999078, Macau, People’s Republic
of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- State
Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute
for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao
Joint Laboratory of Respiratory Infectious Disease, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa 999078, Macau, People’s Republic
of China
| | - Yanzhong Li
- School
of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Li-Ping Bai
- State
Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute
for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao
Joint Laboratory of Respiratory Infectious Disease, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa 999078, Macau, People’s Republic
of China
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6
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Ramrao SP, Verma A, Waiker DK, Tripathi PN, Shrivastava SK. Design, synthesis, and evaluation of some novel biphenyl imidazole derivatives for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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7
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Kaya-Tilki E, Dikmen M. Neuroprotective effects of some epigenetic modifying drugs' on Chlamydia pneumoniae-induced neuroinflammation: A novel model. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0260633. [PMID: 34847172 PMCID: PMC8631675 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Chlamydia pneumoniae (Cpn) is a gram-negative intracellular pathogen that causes a variety of pulmonary diseases, and there is growing evidence that it may play a role in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. Cpn can interact functionally with host histones, altering the host's epigenetic regulatory system by introducing bacterial products into the host tissue and inducing a persistent inflammatory response. Because Cpn is difficult to propagate, isolate, and detect, a modified LPS-like neuroinflammation model was established using lyophilized cell free supernatant (CFS) obtained from infected cell cultures, and the effects of CFS were compared to LPS. The neuroprotective effects of Trichostatin A (TSA), givinostat, and RG108, which are effective on epigenetic mechanisms, and the antibiotic rifampin, were studied in this newly introduced model and in the presence of amyloid beta (Aβ) 1-42. The neuroprotective effects of the drugs, as well as the effects of CFS and LPS, were evaluated in Aβ-induced neurotoxicity using a real-time cell analysis system, total ROS, and apoptotic impact. TSA, RG108, givinostat, and rifampin all demonstrated neuroprotective effects in both this novel model and Aβ-induced neurotoxicity. The findings are expected to provide early evidence on neuroprotective actions against Cpn-induced neuroinflammation and Aβ-induced neurotoxicity, which could represent a new treatment option for AD, for which there are currently few treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Kaya-Tilki
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Miriş Dikmen
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskisehir, Turkey
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8
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Valipour M, Chippindale AM, Kouzeli A, Irannejad H. A new and facile synthesis of N-benzyl-N′-acylureas via reaction of dibenzoylhydrazine carboxamide and benzylamines. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2021.1960376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Valipour
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Ann M. Chippindale
- Department of Chemistry, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, Berks, UK
| | - Aynaz Kouzeli
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Hamid Irannejad
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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9
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Chand S, Pandey AK, Singh R, Singh KN. Visible-Light-Induced Photocatalytic Oxidative Decarboxylation of Cinnamic Acids to 1,2-Diketones. J Org Chem 2021; 86:6486-6493. [PMID: 33851837 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A concerted metallophotoredox catalysis has been realized for the efficient decarboxylative functionalization of α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acids with aryl iodides in the presence of perylene bisimide dye to afford 1,2-diketones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiv Chand
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Anand Kumar Pandey
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Rahul Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Krishna Nand Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
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10
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Synthesis and antiseizure activity of (E)-1,2-diarylethylidenehydrazine carboximidamides against tonic-clonic seizures: an intracerebroventricular and electrophysiological study. Med Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-020-02576-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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11
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Kim DG, Rybakova AV, Sharutin VV, Danilina EI, Sazhayeva OV. Halo-heterocyclization of trans-5-phenyl-3-cinnamylsulfanyl[1,2,4]triazine into [1,3]thiazino[3,2-b][1,2,4]triazin-9-ium systems. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2019.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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12
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Naderi N, Najarkolaee SMG, Modanlookordi M, Shokrzadeh M, Irannejad H. Genoprotective Effect of New Triazine Derivatives in Endosulfan Mediated Toxicity, an In vivo and In vitro Study. LETT DRUG DES DISCOV 2018. [DOI: 10.2174/1570180815666180420095446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Recently, we reported synthesis and neuroprotective activity of some new
1,2,4-triazine derivatives against H2O2 and β-amyloid toxicity in two neurotic cell lines, SHSY5Y
and PC12.
Methods:
The promising results obtained prompted us to further study on these potent neuroprotective
agents. In the current study, in vivo anti-inflammatory effect and also genoprotective activity of
these compounds in endosulfan-mediated toxicity were investigated. Compounds RT and SMO
exhibited high anti-inflammatory effect at 3 and 4 hours after injection in 20 mg/kg, and were even
more effective than Indomethacin (20 mg/kg).
Results:
Interestingly, compound SMO in 200 µM was the best compound in reducing micronuclei
significantly (P value <0.0001) in lymphocytes treated with endosulfan compared to control group.
Conclusion:
Herein, we report SMO as a genoprotective agent and a new drug candidate for endosulfan
mediated toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nima Naderi
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mona Modanlookordi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mohammad Shokrzadeh
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Hamid Irannejad
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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Ayazgök B, Tüylü Küçükkılınç T. Low-dose bisphenol A induces RIPK1-mediated necroptosis in SH-SY5Y cells: Effects on TNF-α and acetylcholinesterase. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2018; 33:e22233. [PMID: 30238673 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine disruptor chemical, which is commonly used in everyday products. Adverse effects of its exposure are reported even at picomolar doses. Effects of picomolar and nanomolar concentrations of BPA on cytotoxicity, nitric oxide (NO) levels, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) gene expression and activity, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and caspase-8 levels were determined in SH-SY5Y cells. The current study reveals that low-dose BPA treatment induced cytotoxicity, NO, and caspase-8 levels in SH-SY5Y cells. We also evaluated the mechanism underlying BPA-induced cell death. Ours is the first report that receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1-mediated necroptosis is induced by nanomolar BPA treatment in SH-SY5Y cells. This effect is mediated by altered AChE and decreased TNF-α levels, which result in an apoptosis-necroptosis switch. Moreover, our study reveals that BPA is an activator of AChE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beyza Ayazgök
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biochemistry, University of Hacettepe, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Tuba Tüylü Küçükkılınç
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biochemistry, University of Hacettepe, Ankara, Turkey
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