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Khurshid Z, Adanir N, Ratnayake J, Dias G, Cooper PR. Demineralized dentin matrix for bone regeneration in dentistry: A critical update. Saudi Dent J 2024; 36:443-450. [PMID: 38525180 PMCID: PMC10960104 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2023.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Over the last few decades, several new materials and techniques have been developed for bone regeneration. Scaffolds based on demineralized dentin matrix (DDM) present an attractive option due to their availability and several animal and human studies have been conducted to ascertain their utility in regenerative dentistry. The aim of this review was to summarize the recent studies conducted on DDM and used for bone grafts. PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus were used to search for studies published within the last 10 years. The keywords and terms used were: "demineralized dentine matrix", "bone grafting", "bone augmentation" and "guided tissue regeneration" in various combinations. Original studies (in vitro, animal and human) and systematic reviews were included in the literature search. The literature search initially identified 23 studies (16 animal studies and 7 clinical reports. Most studies included in this review indicate that DDM has demonstrated promising results in a variety of dental and regenerative medicine applications. Further studies are required to completely comprehend its characteristics and prospective applications. Future studies should also focus on optimizing the processing protocols for the production of DDM-based scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohaib Khurshid
- Department of Prosthodontics and Dental Implantology, College of Dentistry, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Oral Science, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, 310 Great King Street, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - Necdet Adanir
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jithendra Ratnayake
- Department of Oral Science, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, 310 Great King Street, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - George Dias
- Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, 310 Great King Street, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - Paul R. Cooper
- Department of Oral Science, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, 310 Great King Street, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
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Esfandiari S, Amid R, Kadkhodazadeh M, Kheiri A. Comparison of the Volume and Histological Properties of Newly Formed Bone after the Application of Three Types of Bone Substitutes in Critical-Sized Bone Defects. J Long Term Eff Med Implants 2024; 34:17-27. [PMID: 38305367 DOI: 10.1615/jlongtermeffmedimplants.2023046281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to compare the volume and quality of the newly formed bone following application of two types of xenografts and one synthetic material in bone defects in rabbit calvaria from histological and micro-CT aspects. Four 8-mm defects were created in 12 rabbit calvaria. Three defects were filled with bone substitutes and one was left unfilled as the control group. The newly formed bone was evaluated histologically and also by micro-CT at 8 and 12 weeks after the intervention. The percentage of osteogenesis was comparable in histomor-phometric assessment and micro-CT. Histological analysis showed that the percentage of the newly formed bone was 10.92 ± 5.17%, 14.70 ± 11.02%, 11.47 ± 7.04%, and 9.45 ± 5.18% in groups bovine 1, bovine 2, synthetic, and negative control, respectively after 8 weeks. These values were 33.70 ± 11.48%, 26.30 ± 18.05%, 22.92 ± 6.30%, and 14.82 ± 8.59%, respectively at 12 weeks. The difference in the percentage of the new bone formation at 8 and 12 weeks was not significant in any group (P > 0.05) except for bovine 1 group (P < 0.05). Micro-CT confirmed new bone formation in all groups but according to the micro-CT results, the difference between the control and other groups was significant in this respect (P < 0.05). All bone substitutes enhanced new bone formation compared with the control group. Micro-CT assessment yielded more accurate and different results compared with histological assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Esfandiari
- Department of Biology, School of Science, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Amid
- Dental Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Kadkhodazadeh
- Dental Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aida Kheiri
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Bone Regeneration Effect of Nanochitosan with or without Temporally-controlled Release of Dexamethasone. J Endod 2023; 49:496-503. [PMID: 36898664 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2023.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chitosan is a cationic biopolymer and its modification as a nanoparticle, as well as loading a corticosteroid on it, may enhance its bone regenerative effect. The aim of this study was to investigate the bone regenerative effect of nanochitosan with or without dexamethasone. METHODS Under general anesthesia, four cavities were created in the calvarium of 18 rabbits and filled with either nanochitosan, nanochitosan with a temporally-controlled release of dexamethasone (nanochitosan+dexamethasone), an autograft, or left unfilled (control). The defects were then covered with a collagen membrane. The rabbits were randomly divided into 2 groups and were sacrificed at 6 or 12 weeks post-surgery. The new bone type, osteogenesis pattern, foreign body reaction, as well as the type and severity of the inflammatory response were evaluated histologically. The amount of new bone was determined using histomorphometry and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). A one-way ANOVA with repeated-measures was performed to compare results between the groups at each interval. A T-test and Chi-square were also conducted to analyze changes in variables between the two intervals. RESULTS Nanochitosan and the combination of nanochitosan and dexamethasone significantly increased the combination of woven and lamellar bone (P=0.007). No sample showed a foreign body reaction or any acute or severe inflammation. Chronic inflammation was significantly decreased in number (P=0.002) and severity (P=0.003) over time. There was no significant difference between the extent and pattern of osteogenesis amongst the four groups, as evaluated by histomorphometry and CBCT at each interval. CONCLUSION Nanochitosan and nanochitosan+dexamethasone were comparable to the gold standard of autograft regarding the type and severity of inflammation, as well as the level and pattern of osteogenesis, yet they induced more woven and lamellar bone.
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Effects of Nanofiber Scaffolds Coated with Nanoparticulate and Microparticulate Freeze Dried Bone Allograft on the Morphology, Adhesion, and Proliferation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells. IRANIAN BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL 2022; 26:193-201. [PMID: 35633638 PMCID: PMC9440688 DOI: 10.52547/ibj.26.3.193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background: Freeze dried bone allograft nanoparticles on a nanofiber membrane may serve as an ideal scaffold for bone regeneration. This study aimed to assess the biological behavior of human MSCs in terms of proliferation and adhesion to nanoparticulate and microparticulate FDBA scaffolds on PLLA nanofiber membrane. Methods: In this experimental study, PLLA nanofiber scaffolds were synthesized by the electrospinning method. The FDBA nanoparticles were synthesized mechanically. The FDBA nanoparticles and microparticles were loaded on the surface of PLLA nanofiber membrane. A total of 64 scaffold samples in four groups of n-FDBA/PLLA, FDBA/PLLA, PLLA and control were placed in 24-well polystyrene tissue culture plates; 16 wells were allocated to each group. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni test. Results: The proliferation rate of MSCs was significantly higher in the nanoparticulate group compared to the microparticulate group at five days (p = 0.034). Assessment of cell morphology at 24 hours revealed spindle-shaped cells with a higher number of appendages in the nanoparticulate group compared to other groups. Conclusion: MSCs on n-FDBA/PLLA scaffold were morphologically more active and flatter with a higher number of cellular appendages, as compared to FDBA/PLLA. It seems that the nanoparticulate scaffold is superior to the microparticulate scaffold in terms of proliferation, attachment, and morphology of MSCs in vitro.
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Liao Y, Li H, Shu R, Chen H, Zhao L, Song Z, Zhou W. Mesoporous Hydroxyapatite/Chitosan Loaded With Recombinant-Human Amelogenin Could Enhance Antibacterial Effect and Promote Periodontal Regeneration. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:180. [PMID: 32411618 PMCID: PMC7201038 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The recovery of impaired periodontium is still a challenge to the treatment of periodontitis. This study was the first to apply the mesoporous hydroxyapatites/chitosan (mHA/CS) composite scaffold to periodontal regeneration. The aim of our study is to evaluate the biological effects of mesoporous hydroxyapatite/chitosan (mHA/CS) loaded with recombinant human amelogenin (rhAm) on periodontal regeneration. The physicochemical properties of mHA/CS scaffolds were examined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis. Then, the biological effects of the mHA/CS loaded with rhAm were evaluated, including antibacterial effect, controlled-release capacity, osteogenic and cementogenic effects in vitro and in vivo. The antibacterial effect was tested on 1.5 mg/mL CS; 3 mg/mL mHA; 2.25 mg/mL mHA/CS; 4.5 mg/mL mHA/CS and 20 μg/mL rhAm. Tryptic Soy Broth culture medium was used as a baseline control. Osteogenic effect of rhAm (20 μg/mL rhAm), mHA/CS (4.5 mg/mL mHA/CS), and mHA/CS-rhAm (4.5 mg/mL mHA/CS and 20 μg/mL rhAm) on human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) was evaluated in osteogenic media. The hPDLCs treated either with osteogenic media or Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) alone were used as the baseline control. In the animal model, 4-week-old nude mice (BALB/c) (n = 6) implanted with root slices subcutaneously were used to observe the cementogenic effect in vivo. The root slices were treated with rhAm (20 μg/mL rhAm), mHA/CS (4.5 mg/mL mHA/CS), and mHA/CS-rhAm (4.5 mg/mL mHA/CS and 20 μg/mL rhAm). The root slices treated with osteogenic medium alone were used as the baseline control. The analyses showed that the mHA/CS particles were 2 μm in diameter and had a uniform pore size. The mesoporous structure was 7 nm in diameter and its surface area was 33.95 m2/g. The scaffold exhibited antibacterial effects against Fusobacterium nucleatum and Porphyromonas gingivalis. The mHA/CS scaffold sustainably released rhAm. The mHA/CS loaded with 20 μg/mL rhAm upregulated ALP activity, the expression levels of osteogenesis-related genes and proteins in vitro. Additionally, it promoted the formation of cementum-like tissue in vivo. Our findings suggest that mHA/CS loaded with 20 μg/mL rhAm could inhibit the growth of periodontal pathogens and promote the formation of bone and cementum-like tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Liao
- Department of Periodontology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Huxiao Li
- Department of Periodontology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Rong Shu
- Department of Periodontology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Huiwen Chen
- Department of Periodontology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Liping Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Metallic Matrix Composite Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongchen Song
- Department of Periodontology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China.,Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Disease, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Dau M, Ganz C, Zaage F, Staedt H, Goetze E, Gerber T, Kämmerer PW. In vivo comparison of a granular and putty form of a sintered and a non-sintered silica-enhanced hydroxyapatite bone substitute material. J Biomater Appl 2019; 34:864-874. [DOI: 10.1177/0885328219877584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Dau
- Department of Oral, Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Rostock, Germany
| | - Carnelia Ganz
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Rostock University, Germany
| | - Franziska Zaage
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Rostock University, Germany
| | - Henning Staedt
- Private Practice and Department of Prosthodontics and Materials Science, University Medical Center Rostock, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Goetze
- Department of Oral, Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Gerber
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Rostock University, Germany
| | - Peer Wolfgang Kämmerer
- Department of Oral, Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Mainz, Germany
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