1
|
Lakshmanan S. Cardiac CT, a friend and guide in cardiovascular prevention: Fellow's Voice. Am J Prev Cardiol 2022; 10:100347. [PMID: 35574518 PMCID: PMC9097625 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpc.2022.100347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
2
|
Lossnitzer D, Klenantz S, Andre F, Goerich J, Schoepf UJ, Pazzo KL, Sommer A, Brado M, Gückel F, Sokiranski R, Becher T, Akin I, Buss SJ, Baumann S. Stable patients with suspected myocardial ischemia: comparison of machine-learning computed tomography-based fractional flow reserve and stress perfusion cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging to detect myocardial ischemia. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2022; 22:34. [PMID: 35120459 PMCID: PMC8817462 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-022-02467-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Machine-Learning Computed Tomography-Based Fractional Flow Reserve (CT-FFRML) is a novel tool for the assessment of hemodynamic relevance of coronary artery stenoses. We examined the diagnostic performance of CT-FFRML compared to stress perfusion cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) and tested if there is an additional value of CT-FFRML over coronary computed tomography angiography (cCTA). METHODS Our retrospective analysis included 269 vessels in 141 patients (mean age 67 ± 9 years, 78% males) who underwent clinically indicated cCTA and subsequent stress perfusion CMR within a period of 2 months. CT-FFRML values were calculated from standard cCTA. RESULTS CT-FFRML revealed no hemodynamic significance in 79% of the patients having ≥ 50% stenosis in cCTA. Chi2 values for the statistical relationship between CT-FFRML and stress perfusion CMR was significant (p < 0.0001). CT-FFRML and cCTA (≥ 70% stenosis) provided a per patient sensitivity of 88% (95%CI 64-99%) and 59% (95%CI 33-82%); specificity of 90% (95%CI 84-95%) and 85% (95%CI 78-91%); positive predictive value of 56% (95%CI 42-69%) and 36% (95%CI 24-50%); negative predictive value of 98% (95%CI 94-100%) and 94% (95%CI 90-96%); accuracy of 90% (95%CI 84-94%) and 82% (95%CI 75-88%) when compared to stress perfusion CMR. The accuracy of cCTA (≥ 50% stenosis) was 19% (95%CI 13-27%). The AUCs were 0.89 for CT-FFRML and 0.74 for cCTA (≥ 70% stenosis) and therefore significantly different (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION CT-FFRML compared to stress perfusion CMR as the reference standard shows high diagnostic power in the identification of patients with hemodynamically significant coronary artery stenosis. This could support the role of cCTA as gatekeeper for further downstream testing and may reduce the number of patients undergoing unnecessary invasive workup.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Lossnitzer
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Selina Klenantz
- First Department of Medicine-Cardiology, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Florian Andre
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Johannes Goerich
- The Radiology Center, Sinsheim-Eberbach-Erbach-Walldorf-Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - U Joseph Schoepf
- Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Kyle L Pazzo
- Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Andre Sommer
- The Radiology Center, Sinsheim-Eberbach-Erbach-Walldorf-Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Brado
- The Radiology Center, Sinsheim-Eberbach-Erbach-Walldorf-Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Friedemann Gückel
- The Radiology Center, Sinsheim-Eberbach-Erbach-Walldorf-Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Roman Sokiranski
- The Radiology Center, Sinsheim-Eberbach-Erbach-Walldorf-Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tobias Becher
- First Department of Medicine-Cardiology, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ibrahim Akin
- First Department of Medicine-Cardiology, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Sebastian J Buss
- The Radiology Center, Sinsheim-Eberbach-Erbach-Walldorf-Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Baumann
- First Department of Medicine-Cardiology, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Abstract
ZusammenfassungDie koronare Computertomographie-Angiographie (CCTA) besitzt, insbesondere aufgrund ihres hohen negativen prädiktiven Werts und der hohen Sensitivität, bereits einen hohen Stellenwert in der Primärdiagnostik der koronaren Herzkrankheit (KHK) bei allerdings limitierter Spezifität. Invasiv lässt sich die Spezifität der Herzkatheteruntersuchung (HKU) mit der „fractional flow reserve“ (FFR) mittels Nachweises der hämodynamischen Relevanz einer morphologisch nachgewiesenen Koronarstenose gut erhöhen. Neue, entweder auf „computational fluid dynamics“ (CFD) oder „machine learning“ (ML) basierende, nicht-invasive Methoden der FFR-Bestimmung in der CT (FFRCT) zeigen vielversprechende Ergebnisse. Die Möglichkeit des Einsatzes der CCTA wird aber v. a. von der Bildqualität und der Möglichkeit einer guten Segmentierung der Koronararterien bestimmt, die in 7–12 % der CCTA für die Anwendung der FFRCT nicht ausreicht, obwohl eine rein morphologische Beurteilung meist möglich ist. Beim Verschluss eines Koronargefäßes, z. B. zur Beurteilung des Kollateralflusses, kann die FFRCT ebenfalls nicht angewendet werden. Die FFRCT ist somit allein kein „game changer“ bei der Diagnose der chronischen KHK („chronic conorary syndrome“, CCS), sondern vielmehr ist es der ergänzende Einsatz zur CCTA bei nicht eindeutigen Fällen. Außerdem gibt es bisher nur einen kommerziellen Anbieter der FFRCT, bei dem die Analyse zeitlich verzögert („off-site“) erfolgt, was den akuten Nutzen bisher noch einschränkt. Es gibt allerdings auch On-site-Lösungen, die jedoch bisher nur für wissenschaftliche Zwecke und nicht klinisch eingesetzt werden dürfen. Eine sinnvolle Ergänzung zur rein morphologischen Beurteilung stellt die FFRCT aber auf jeden Fall dar. Wenn On-site-FFRCT-Lösungen auch kommerziell verfügbar sind, werden sie die Wertigkeit der CCTA im klinischen Alltag zur Primärdiagnostik des CCS in jedem Fall noch weiter erhöhen helfen.
Collapse
|
4
|
La Grutta L, Toia P, Maffei E, Cademartiri F, Lagalla R, Midiri M. Infarct characterization using CT. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther 2017; 7:171-188. [PMID: 28540212 DOI: 10.21037/cdt.2017.03.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is a major cause of death and disability worldwide. The incidence is not expected to diminish, despite better prevention, diagnosis and treatment, because of the ageing population in industrialized countries and unhealthy lifestyles in developing countries. Nowadays it is highly requested an imaging tool able to evaluate MI and viability. Technology improvements determined an expansion of clinical indications from coronary plaque evaluation to functional applications (perfusion, ischemia and viability after MI) integrating additional phases and information in the mainstream examination. Cardiac computed tomography (CCT) and cardiac MR (CMR) employ different contrast media, but may characterize MI with overlapping imaging findings due to the similar kinetics and tissue distribution of gadolinium and iodinated contrast media. CCT may detect first-pass perfusion defects, dynamic perfusion after pharmacological stress, and delayed enhancement (DE) of non-viable territories.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Patrizia Toia
- Department of Radiology, DIBIMED, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Erica Maffei
- Department of Radiology, Montreal Heart Institute/Universitè de Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Filippo Cademartiri
- Department of Radiology, Montreal Heart Institute/Universitè de Montreal, Montreal, Canada.,Department of Radiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Roberto Lagalla
- Department of Radiology, DIBIMED, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Massimo Midiri
- Department of Radiology, DIBIMED, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Baumann S, Becher T, Schoepf UJ, Lossnitzer D, Henzler T, Akin I, Borggrefe M, Renker M. Fractional flow reserve derived by coronary computed tomography angiography. Herz 2016; 42:604-606. [DOI: 10.1007/s00059-016-4491-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|