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Schnabel A, Carstensen VA, Lohmöller K, Vilz TO, Willis MA, Weibel S, Freys SM, Pogatzki-Zahn EM. Perioperative pain management with regional analgesia techniques for visceral cancer surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Anesth 2024; 95:111438. [PMID: 38484505 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinane.2024.111438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE Regional analgesia following visceral cancer surgery might provide an advantage but evidence for best treatment options related to risk-benefit is unclear. DESIGN Systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCT) with meta-analysis and GRADE assessment. SETTING Postoperative pain treatment. PATIENTS Adult patients undergoing visceral cancer surgery. INTERVENTIONS Any kind of peripheral (PRA) or epidural analgesia (EA) with/without systemic analgesia (SA) was compared to SA with or without placebo treatment or any other regional anaesthetic techniques. MEASUREMENTS Primary outcome measures were postoperative acute pain intensity at rest and during activity 24 h after surgery, the number of patients with block-related adverse events and postoperative paralytic ileus. MAIN RESULTS 59 RCTs (4345 participants) were included. EA may reduce pain intensity at rest (mean difference (MD) -1.05; 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.35 to -0.75, low certainty evidence) and during activity 24 h after surgery (MD -1.83; 95% CI: -2.34 to -1.33, very low certainty evidence). PRA likely results in little difference in pain intensity at rest (MD -0.75; 95% CI: -1.20 to -0.31, moderate certainty evidence) and pain during activity (MD -0.93; 95% CI: -1.34 to -0.53, moderate certainty evidence) 24 h after surgery compared to SA. There may be no difference in block-related adverse events (very low certainty evidence) and development of paralytic ileus (very low certainty of evidence) between EA, respectively PRA and SA. CONCLUSIONS Following visceral cancer surgery EA may reduce pain intensity. In contrast, PRA had only limited effects on pain intensity at rest and during activity. However, we are uncertain regarding the effect of both techniques on block-related adverse events and paralytic ileus. Further research is required focusing on regional analgesia techniques especially following laparoscopic visceral cancer surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Schnabel
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital of Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Muenster, Germany
| | - Vivian A Carstensen
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital of Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Muenster, Germany
| | - Katharina Lohmöller
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital of Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Muenster, Germany
| | - Tim O Vilz
- Department of General, Visceral, Thorax and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Maria A Willis
- Department of General, Visceral, Thorax and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Stephanie Weibel
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care, Emergency and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Stephan M Freys
- Department of Surgery, DIAKO Ev. Diakonie-Krankenhaus Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Esther M Pogatzki-Zahn
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital of Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Muenster, Germany.
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Kus JW, Schulte E, Büttner B, Erlenwein J, Petzke F, Höhl CF, Weber-Krüger M, Nauck F. Komplexe Schmerztherapie unter Einbeziehung eines Ischiadikus- und Saphenuskatheters in palliativer Situation bei ausgeprägter Metastasierung eines Bronchialkarzinoms. ZEITSCHRIFT FÜR PALLIATIVMEDIZIN 2023. [DOI: 10.1055/a-2013-5778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Kontinuierliche periphere Nervenblockaden (Continuous peripheral nerve blocks, CPNB) werden am häufigsten zur perioperativen Analgesie bei chirurgischen Eingriffen eingesetzt. Alternative Indikationen wie die Behandlung tumorbedingter Schmerzen sind die Ausnahme, gleichwohl das Verfahren auch hier effektiv eingesetzt werden kann.
Fallbericht Bei einer 59-jährigen Patientin mit Bronchialkarzinom konnte der durch Metastasierung in der Tibia verursachte starke Schmerz mittels 28-tägiger CPNB des N. ischiadicus und des N. saphenus bis zu ihrem Versterben effektiv behandelt werden. Neben der Schmerzreduktion auf ein Minimum wurde die vorhergehende opioidassoziierte Vigilanzminderung verringert, wodurch sich die Lebensqualität in der letzten Lebensphase steigern ließ.
Schlussfolgerungen CPNB können auch in der Palliativmedizin regional begrenzte Schmerzen effektiv behandeln. Aufgrund der notwendigen Versorgungsstrukturen wird es aber ein Verfahren bleiben, das nur für einzelne Palliativpatient*innen sinnvoll und indiziert ist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Wilhelm Kus
- Klinik für Palliativmedizin, Georg-August-Universität, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Göttingen, Deutschland
| | - Erika Schulte
- Klinik für Palliativmedizin, Georg-August-Universität, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Göttingen, Deutschland
| | - Benedikt Büttner
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Göttingen
| | - Joachim Erlenwein
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Göttingen
| | - Frank Petzke
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Göttingen
| | - Carl Fabian Höhl
- Klinik für Palliativmedizin, Georg-August-Universität, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Göttingen, Deutschland
| | - Mark Weber-Krüger
- Klinik für Palliativmedizin, Georg-August-Universität, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Göttingen, Deutschland
| | - Friedemann Nauck
- Klinik für Palliativmedizin, Georg-August-Universität, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Göttingen, Deutschland
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Tan ESJ, Tan YR, Liu CWY. Efficacy of perineural dexamethasone in prolonging duration of analgesia with peripheral nerve blocks compared to intravenous dexamethasone: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Korean J Anesthesiol 2021; 75:255-265. [PMID: 34963269 PMCID: PMC9171542 DOI: 10.4097/kja.21390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Perineural dexamethasone has been regarded as a promising adjunct for prolonging the duration of nerve blocks. However, it is uncertain whether its effects are due to local effects on the nerves or from systemic absorption. This systematic review aimed to compare the duration of postoperative analgesia associated with perineural versus intravenous dexamethasone as an adjunct to peripheral nerve blocks. Methods A total of 2,216 relevant academic articles were identified after a comprehensive search of PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and ClinicalTrials.gov from 1967 until 2020. All randomized controlled trials that compared perineural and intravenous dexamethasone as adjuncts to peripheral nerve limb blocks were included. Results Fifteen randomized controlled trials (1,467 cases; 738 perineural dexamethasone, 729 intravenous dexamethasone) were eligible. The primary outcome (duration of analgesia) was significantly longer in the perineural than in the intravenous dexamethasone group (mean difference [MD]: 2.72 h, 95% CI [1.42, 4.01], P < 0.001). Perineural dexamethasone was also found to prolong the sensory block (MD: 3.45 h, 95% CI [1.36, 5.54], P = 0.001) and lower 24 h postoperative pain scores (MD: −0.74 h, 95% CI [−1.40, −0.07], P = 0.03). Conclusions This review confirms the greater efficacy of perineural compared to intravenous dexamethasone in prolonging the analgesic duration of peripheral nerve blocks. However, the extent of prolongation was small and may not represent a clinically meaningful difference.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yan Ru Tan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
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4
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Nestor CC, Ng C, Sepulveda P, Irwin MG. Pharmacological and clinical implications of local anaesthetic mixtures: a narrative review. Anaesthesia 2021; 77:339-350. [PMID: 34904711 DOI: 10.1111/anae.15641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Various techniques have been explored to prolong the duration and improve the efficacy of local anaesthetic nerve blocks. Some of these involve mixing local anaesthetics or adding adjuncts. We did a literature review of studies published between 01 May 2011 and 01 May 2021 that studied specific combinations of local anaesthetics and adjuncts. The rationale behind mixing long- and short-acting local anaesthetics to hasten onset and extend duration is flawed on pharmacokinetic principles. Most local anaesthetic adjuncts are not licensed for use in this manner and the consequences of untested admixtures and adjuncts range from making the solution ineffective to potential harm. Pharmaceutical compatibility needs to be established before administration. The compatibility of drugs from the same class cannot be inferred and each admixture requires individual review. Precipitation on mixing (steroids, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) and subsequent embolisation can lead to serious adverse events, although these are rare. The additive itself or its preservative can have neurotoxic (adrenaline, midazolam) and/or chondrotoxic properties (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs). The prolongation of block may occur at the expense of motor block quality (ketamine) or block onset (magnesium). Adverse effects for some adjuncts appear to be dose-dependent and recommendations concerning optimal dosing are lacking. An important confounding factor is whether studies used systemic administration of the adjunct as a control to accurately identify an additional benefit of perineural administration. The challenge of how best to prolong block duration while minimising adverse events remains a topic of interest with further research required.
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Affiliation(s)
- C C Nestor
- Department of Anaesthesiology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - C Ng
- Department of Anaesthesiology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - M G Irwin
- Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Medicine, Hospital Base San Jose, Los Lagos, Chile
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Müller-Wirtz LM, Volk T. Big Data in Studying Acute Pain and Regional Anesthesia. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10071425. [PMID: 33916000 PMCID: PMC8036552 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10071425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The digital transformation of healthcare is advancing, leading to an increasing availability of clinical data for research. Perioperative big data initiatives were established to monitor treatment quality and benchmark outcomes. However, big data analyses have long exceeded the status of pure quality surveillance instruments. Large retrospective studies nowadays often represent the first approach to new questions in clinical research and pave the way for more expensive and resource intensive prospective trials. As a consequence, the utilization of big data in acute pain and regional anesthesia research has considerably increased over the last decade. Multicentric clinical registries and administrative databases (e.g., healthcare claims databases) have collected millions of cases until today, on which basis several important research questions were approached. In acute pain research, big data was used to assess postoperative pain outcomes, opioid utilization, and the efficiency of multimodal pain management strategies. In regional anesthesia, adverse events and potential benefits of regional anesthesia on postoperative morbidity and mortality were evaluated. This article provides a narrative review on the growing importance of big data for research in acute postoperative pain and regional anesthesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas M. Müller-Wirtz
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Therapy, Saarland University Medical Center and Saarland University Faculty of Medicine, 66421 Homburg, Saarland, Germany
- Outcomes Research Consortium, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
- Correspondence: (L.M.M.-W.); (T.V.)
| | - Thomas Volk
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Therapy, Saarland University Medical Center and Saarland University Faculty of Medicine, 66421 Homburg, Saarland, Germany
- Outcomes Research Consortium, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
- Correspondence: (L.M.M.-W.); (T.V.)
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Epidural Against Systemic Analgesia: An International Registry Analysis on Postoperative Pain and Related Perceptions After Abdominal Surgery. Clin J Pain 2017; 33:189-197. [PMID: 27258998 DOI: 10.1097/ajp.0000000000000393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The PAIN OUT registry collected data from >30,000 patients on pain on the first postoperative day in hospitals worldwide. Utilizing the database, we compared systemic and epidural analgesia (EA) on postoperative pain and related side-effects in patients after abdominal surgeries (ASs). METHODS ASs were identified through the ICD9-Code and subgrouped into laparoscopic surgery and open surgery. After identifying patients in this subset with and without EA, propensity-score matching was performed on the basis of demographics and comorbidities. Primary outcomes were different qualities of pain, and secondary outcomes were pain-related sensations and treatment-related side effects measured with the numeric rating scale. They were calculated as the risk ratio (RR) using the median as the divisor. RESULTS The database contained 29,108 cases, with 5365 AS, and 646 cases remained after matching. A risk analysis revealed that for the AS group, EA posed a significantly lower risk for the perception of worst pain (RR, 0.75; confidence interval [CI], 0.64-0.87), least pain (RR, 0.61; CI, 0.5-0.75), time in severe pain (RR, 0.61; CI, 0.5-0.75), in-bed activity interference of pain (RR, 0.71; CI, 0.59-0.85), pain interference with coughing (RR, 0.68; CI, 0.57-0.82) or sleeping (RR, 0.73; CI, 0.61-0.87), and a higher chance of pain relief (RR, 1.5; CI, 1.23-1.83). The risk for itchiness (RR, 2.23; CI, 1.62-3.07) appeared to be higher, as did the probability of satisfaction (RR, 1.25; CI, 1.03-1.51). The risk for feeling helpless (RR, 0.83; CI, 0.7-0.99) and drowsiness (RR, 0.74; CI, 0.63-0.88) was reduced. Both subgroups showed similar tendencies. DISCUSSION Regarding the pain intensity, satisfaction, and relatable side-effects, EA seems to be superior compared with systemic analgesia after AS.
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Abstract
A great deal of progress has been made in the field of postoperative pain therapy in the last 20 years. Beginning from clinical trials on the effectiveness of individual procedures, such as epidural anesthesia and patient-controlled analgesia, a wide range of healthcare services research as well as basic research with human and animal experiments has been established. Whereas health services research in the 1980s and 1990s focused more on the implementation of acute pain services, outcome-oriented research approaches are nowadays the center of attention. Acute pain registries and pain certification projects initiated in Germany have to be mentioned particularly in this respect. Basic research papers from recent years increasingly address specific aspects of acute postoperative pain and have provided translational approaches that are applied around the world for studying neurobiological mechanisms of postoperative pain. At the same time, interdisciplinary cooperation in research projects has led to a better understanding of complex correlations regarding predictors and mechanisms (including psychosocial aspects) of acute and in recent times also chronic pain after surgery. In parallel, evidence-based medicine has found its way into acute pain medicine in Germany. In 2007, clinical acute pain therapy in Germany was enhanced by S3 level guidelines for the first time; however, the implementation is still incomplete. In future, questions concerning mechanism-based therapy of acute pain need to be equally in the center of attention of research, such as prevention of persisting pain after surgery and acute pain of different origins.
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Affiliation(s)
- E M Pogatzki-Zahn
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie, operative Intensivmedizin und Schmerztherapie, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Gebäude A1, 48149, Münster, Deutschland.
| | - W Meissner
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie und Intensivmedizin, Sektion Schmerztherapie, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Deutschland
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Bomberg H, Kubulus C, Herberger S, Wagenpfeil S, Kessler P, Steinfeldt T, Standl T, Gottschalk A, Stork J, Meissner W, Birnbaum J, Koch T, Sessler DI, Volk T, Raddatz A. Tunnelling of thoracic epidural catheters is associated with fewer catheter-related infections: a retrospective registry analysis. Br J Anaesth 2016; 116:546-53. [PMID: 26994232 DOI: 10.1093/bja/aew026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Catheter-related infections are a serious complication of continuous thoracic epidural analgesia. Tunnelling catheters subcutaneously may reduce infection risk. We thus tested the hypothesis that tunnelling of thoracic epidural catheters is associated with a lower risk of catheter-related infections. METHODS Twenty-two thousand, four hundred and eleven surgical patients with continuous thoracic epidural analgesia included in the German Network for Regional Anaesthesia registry between 2007 and 2014 were grouped by whether their catheters were tunnelled (n=12 870) or not (n=9541). Catheter-related infections in each group were compared with Student's unpaired t and χ(2) tests. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated with logistic regression, adjusting for potential confounding factors, including age, ASA physical status score, use of catheter for ≥4 days, multiple skin puncture, hospital, and surgical department. RESULTS There were fewer catheter-related infections in patients with tunnelled catheters (4.5 vs 5.5%, P<0.001). Mild infections were also less common (4.0 vs 4.6%, P=0.009), as were moderate infections (0.4 vs 0.8%, P<0.001). After adjustment for potential confounding factors, tunnelling remained an independent prevention for any grade of infection (adjusted OR 0.51, 95% CI 0.42-0.61, P<0.001) and for mild infections (adjusted OR 0.54, 95% CI 0.43-0.66, P<0.001) and moderate and severe infections (adjusted OR 0.44, 95% CI 0.28-0.70, P=0.001). CONCLUSION Tunnelling was associated with a lower risk of thoracic epidural catheter-related infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Bomberg
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Medicine
| | - C Kubulus
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Medicine
| | - S Herberger
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Medicine
| | - S Wagenpfeil
- Institute for Medical Biometry, Epidemiology and Medical Informatics, Saarland University, University Medical Centre, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - P Kessler
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Orthopaedic University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - T Steinfeldt
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Therapy, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - T Standl
- Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive and Palliative Care Medicine, Academic Hospital Solingen, Solingen, Germany
| | - A Gottschalk
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Friederikenstift Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - J Stork
- Centre for Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, Hamburg D-20246, Germany
| | - W Meissner
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - J Birnbaum
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Operative Intensive Care Medicine, Charité Campus Virchow Klinikum and Campus Mitte, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - T Koch
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at the Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - D I Sessler
- Department of Outcomes Research, Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue P77, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - T Volk
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Medicine
| | - A Raddatz
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Medicine
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Sterile and clean working conditions are one of the keystones of medical practice and this is also true for ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia. The routine clinical practice in ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia does not always comply with the principles of sterile and clean working conditions in medicine: therefore, patients are exposed to potential hazards regarding the transmission of pathogens via the ultrasound equipment. OBJECTIVE This article deals with the question of whether sterile working conditions in ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia are a relevant topic with medical and economic implications. Is it possible to implement the general recommendations for sterile working conditions in ultrasonography for the specific application of ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia? MATERIAL AND METHODS A search of the available literature and published guidelines in the field of sterile working conditions with ultrasound was carried out. RESULTS The association between cross-infections and ultrasound equipment is undeniable. Many methods for cleansing and disinfection of ultrasound equipment have been published. All these methods are associated with advantages and disadvantages. The direct sterilization of ultrasound probes with high-percentage alcohol can damage ultrasound probes (especially linear). The use of self-adhesive sterile ultrasound probe covers is a practical method to achieve sterile working conditions in ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia. CONCLUSION The use of sterile ultrasound probe covers and sterile ultrasound contact media is an important prerequisite to avoid cross-infection between patients. An appropriate scientific evaluation should serve as evidence in this field.
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Bomberg H, Albert N, Schmitt K, Gräber S, Kessler P, Steinfeldt T, Hering W, Gottschalk A, Standl T, Stork J, Meißner W, Teßmann R, Geiger P, Koch T, Spies CD, Volk T, Kubulus C. Obesity in regional anesthesia--a risk factor for peripheral catheter-related infections. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2015; 59:1038-48. [PMID: 26040788 DOI: 10.1111/aas.12548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Revised: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is believed to increase the risk of surgical site infections and possibly increase the risk of catheter-related infections in regional anesthesia. We, therefore, analyzed the influence of obesity on catheter-related infections defined within a national registry for regional anesthesia. METHODS The German Network for Regional Anesthesia database with 25 participating clinical centers was analyzed between 2007 and 2012. Exactly, 28,249 cases (13,239 peripheral nerve and 15,010 neuraxial blocks) of patients ≥ 14 years were grouped in I: underweight (BMI 13.2-18.49 kg/m(2) , n = 597), II: normal weight (BMI 18.5-24.9 kg/m(2) , n = 9272), III: overweight (BMI 25.0-29.9 kg/m(2) , n = 10,632), and IV: obese (BMI 30.0-70.3 kg/m(2) , n = 7,744). The analysis focused on peripheral and neuraxial catheter-related infections. Differences between the groups were tested with non-parametric ANOVA and chi-square (P < 0.05). Binary logistic regression was used to compare obese, overweight, or underweight patients with normal weight patients. Odds ratios (OR and 95% confidence interval) were calculated and adjusted for potential confounders. RESULTS Confounders with significant influence on the risk for catheter-related infections were gender, age, ASA score, diabetes, preoperative infection, multiple skin puncture, and prolonged catheter use. The incidence (normal weight: 2.1%, obese: 3.6%; P < 0.001) and the risk of peripheral catheter-related infection was increased in obese compared to normal weight patients [adjusted OR: 1.69 (1.25-2.28); P < 0.001]. In neuraxial sites, the incidence of catheter-related infections differed significantly between normal weight and obese patients (normal weight: 3.2%, obese: 2.3%; P = 0.01), whereas the risk was comparable [adjusted OR: 0.95 (0.71-1.28); P = 0.92]. CONCLUSION This retrospective cohort study suggests that obesity is an independent risk factor for peripheral, but not neuraxial, catheter-related infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Bomberg
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Medicine; University of Saarland; Saarland University Medical Center; Homburg Germany
| | - N. Albert
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Medicine; University of Saarland; Saarland University Medical Center; Homburg Germany
| | - K. Schmitt
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Medicine; University of Saarland; Saarland University Medical Center; Homburg Germany
| | - S. Gräber
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics; Institute for Epidemiology; University of Saarland; Saarland University Medical Center; Homburg Germany
| | - P. Kessler
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine; Orthopedic University Hospital; Frankfurt Germany
| | - T. Steinfeldt
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Therapy; Philipps University Marburg; Marburg Germany
| | - W. Hering
- Department of Anesthesiology; St. Marien-Krankenhaus Siegen; Siegen Germany
| | - A. Gottschalk
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care- and Pain Medicine; Friederikenstift Hannover; Hannover Germany
| | - T. Standl
- Department of Anesthesia, Intensive and Palliative Care Medicine; Academic Hospital Solingen; Solingen Germany
| | - J. Stork
- Department of Anesthesiology; Center of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine; University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf; Hamburg Germany
| | - W. Meißner
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care; Friedrich-Schiller University Hospital; Jena Germany
| | - R. Teßmann
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Therapy; Berufsgenossenschaftliche Unfallklinik; Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - P. Geiger
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Therapy; University and Rehabilitation Clinics; Ulm Germany
| | - T. Koch
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Therapy; Carl Gustav Carus University Hospital; Technische Universität Dresden; Dresden Germany
| | - C. D. Spies
- Department of Anesthesiology and Operative Intensive Care Medicine; Charité Campus Virchow Klinikum and Campus Mitte; Charité University Medicine Berlin; Berlin Germany
| | - T. Volk
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Medicine; University of Saarland; Saarland University Medical Center; Homburg Germany
| | - C. Kubulus
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Medicine; University of Saarland; Saarland University Medical Center; Homburg Germany
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Chlorhexidine gluconate dressings reduce bacterial colonization rates in epidural and peripheral regional catheters. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:149785. [PMID: 25879016 PMCID: PMC4386602 DOI: 10.1155/2015/149785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Introduction. Bacterial colonization of catheter tips is common in regional anesthesia and is a suspected risk factor for infectious complications. This is the first study evaluating the effect of CHG-impregnated dressings on bacterial colonization of regional anesthesia catheters in a routine clinical setting. Methods. In this prospective study, regional anesthesia catheter infection rates were examined in two groups of patients with epidural and peripheral regional catheters. In the first group, regional anesthesia was dressed with a conventional draping. The second group of patients underwent catheter dressing using a CHG-impregnated draping. Removed catheters and the insertion sites were both screened for bacterial colonization. Results. A total of 337 catheters from 308 patients were analysed. There was no significant reduction of local infections in either epidural or peripheral regional anesthesia catheters in both CHG and conventional groups. In the conventional group, 21% of the catheter tips and 41% of the insertion sites showed positive culture results. In the CHG-group, however, only 3% of the catheter tips and 8% of the insertion sites were colonised. Conclusion. CHG dressings significantly reduce bacterial colonization of the tip and the insertion site of epidural and peripheral regional catheters. However, no reductions in rates of local infections were seen.
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Tunneling and suture of thoracic epidural catheters decrease the incidence of catheter dislodgement. ScientificWorldJournal 2014; 2014:610635. [PMID: 25140337 PMCID: PMC4130313 DOI: 10.1155/2014/610635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2014] [Accepted: 06/24/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dislocation of epidural catheters (EC) is associated with early termination of regional analgesia and rare complications like epidural bleeding. We tested the hypothesis that maximum effort in fixation by tunneling and suture decreases the incidence of catheter dislocation. METHODS Patients scheduled for major surgery (n = 121) were prospectively randomized in 2 groups. Thoracic EC were subcutaneously tunneled and sutured (tunneled) or fixed with adhesive tape (taped). The difference of EC length at skin surface level immediately after insertion and before removal was determined and the absolute values were averaged. Postoperative pain was evaluated by numeric rating scale twice daily and EC tips were screened microbiologically after removal. RESULTS Both groups did not differ with respect to treatment duration (tunneled: 109 hours ± 46, taped: 97 ± 37) and postoperative pain scores. Tunneling significantly reduced average extent (tunneled: 3 mm ± 7, taped: 10 ± 18) and incidence of clinically relevant EC dislocation (>20 mm, tunneled: 1/60, taped: 9/61). Bacterial contamination showed a tendency to be lower in patients with tunneled catheters (8/59, taped: 14/54, P = 0.08). CONCLUSION Thorough fixation of EC by tunneling and suturing decreases the incidence and extent of dislocation and potentially even that of bacterial contamination.
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Abstract
Regional anesthesia is the most effective procedure for acute pain therapy. Whether neuraxial and peripheral blocks in patients with pre-existing infectious conditions, immune deficits or other risk factors increase the risk of additional infections is unclear. Analyzing the available literature currently seems to indicate that the incidence of severe infectious complications is generally low. Diabetes, steroid therapy or malignant diseases are apparently present in many cases in which infections associated with regional anesthesia and analgesia have been described. A strict contraindication in patients with pre-existing systemic or local infections seems unjustifiable. A clear and documented risk-benefit ratio in these patients is mandatory.
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Regionalanästhesie bei Patienten mit Infektionen oder Immunsuppression. Anaesthesist 2013; 62:172-4. [DOI: 10.1007/s00101-012-2112-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Reisig F, Neuburger M, Zausig Y, Graf B, Büttner J. Erfolgreiche Infektionskontrolle bei Regionalanästhesieverfahren. Anaesthesist 2013; 62:105-12. [DOI: 10.1007/s00101-012-2122-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2012] [Revised: 12/04/2012] [Accepted: 12/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Gottschalk A, Van Aken H, Zenz M, Standl T. Is anesthesia dangerous? DEUTSCHES ARZTEBLATT INTERNATIONAL 2011; 108:469-74. [PMID: 21814522 PMCID: PMC3147285 DOI: 10.3238/arztebl.2011.0469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2010] [Accepted: 11/25/2010] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent years have seen a rise in overall anesthesia-related mortality. METHOD Selective review of the literature. RESULTS Anesthesia-related mortality has fallen from 6.4/10 000 in the 1940s to 0.4/100 000 at present, largely because of the introduction of safety standards and improved training. The current figure of 0.4/100 000 applies to patients without major systemic disease; mortality is higher among patients with severe accompanying illnesses, yet in this group, too, perioperative mortality can be reduced by appropriate anesthetic management. Moreover, the use of regional anesthesia can also improve the outcome of major surgery. CONCLUSION A recent increase in the percentage of older and multimorbid patients among persons undergoing surgery, along with the advent of newer types of operation that would have been unthinkable in the past, has led to an apparent rise in anesthesia-associated mortality, even though the quality of anesthesiological care is no worse now than in the past. On the contrary, in recent years, better anesthetic management has evidently played an important role in improving surgical outcomes.
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