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du Prel JB, Koscec Bjelajac A, Franić Z, Henftling L, Brborović H, Schernhammer E, McElvenny DM, Merisalu E, Pranjic N, Guseva Canu I, Godderis L. The Relationship Between Work-Related Stress and Depression: A Scoping Review. Public Health Rev 2024; 45:1606968. [PMID: 38751606 PMCID: PMC11094281 DOI: 10.3389/phrs.2024.1606968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives Work-related stress is highly prevalent. Recent systematic reviews concluded on a significant association between common work-related stress measures and depression. Our scoping review aims to explore whether work-related psychosocial stress is generally associated with depression or depressiveness, the extent and methodology of the primary research undertaken on this topic and to elucidate inconsistencies or gaps in knowledge. Methods We searched for literature in Pubmed, PsycInfo and Web of Science including full reports in seven languages published between 1999 and 2022 and applied the PRISMA statement for scoping reviews criteria. Results Of 463 primarily identified articles, 125 were retained after abstract and full-text screening. The majority report significant associations between work-related stress and depression. Cross-sectional studies are most prevalent. Sufficient evidence exists only for job strain and effort-reward imbalance. Most studies are from Asia, North America and Europe. The health sector is the most studied. Several research gaps such as the lack of interventional studies were identified. Conclusion The consistency of most studies on the significant association between work-related stress and depression is remarkable. More studies are needed to improve evidence and to close research gaps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Baptist du Prel
- Department of Occupational Health Science, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
| | | | - Zrinka Franić
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Lorena Henftling
- Department of Occupational Health Science, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Hana Brborović
- University of Zagreb, School of Medicine, Andrija Štampar School of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Eva Schernhammer
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Damien M. McElvenny
- Research Group, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Eda Merisalu
- Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Nurka Pranjic
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tuzla, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Irina Guseva Canu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Unisanté, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lode Godderis
- Department of Primary Care and Public Health, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- IDEWE, External Service for Prevention and Protection at Work, Heverlee, Belgium
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Neumann A, Swart E, Häckl D, Kliemt R, March S, Küster D, Arnold K, Petzold T, Baum F, Seifert M, Weiß J, Pfennig A, Schmitt J. The influence of cross-sectoral treatment models on patients with mental disorders in Germany: study protocol of a nationwide long-term evaluation study (EVA64). BMC Psychiatry 2018; 18:139. [PMID: 29776348 PMCID: PMC5960179 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-018-1721-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Close, continuous and efficient collaboration between different professions and sectors of care is necessary to provide patient-centered care for individuals with mental disorders. The lack of structured collaboration between in- and outpatient care constitutes a limitation of the German health care system. Since 2012, a new law in Germany (§64b Social code book (SGB) V) has enabled the establishment of cross-sectoral and patient-centered treatment models in psychiatry. Such model projects follow a capitation budget, i.e. a total per patient budget of inpatient and outpatient care in psychiatric clinics. Providers are able to choose the treatment form and adapt the treatment to the needs of the patients. The present study (EVA64) will investigate the effectiveness, costs and efficiency of almost all model projects established in Germany between 2013 and 2016. METHODS/DESIGN A health insurance data-based controlled cohort study is used. Data from up to 89 statutory health insurance (SHI) funds, i.e. 79% of all SHI funds in Germany (May 2017), on inpatient and outpatient care, pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical treatments and sick leave for a period of 7 years will be analyzed. All patients insured by any of the participating SHI funds and treated in one of the model hospitals for any of 16 pre-defined mental disorders will be compared with patients in routine care. Sick leave (primary outcome), utilization of inpatient care (primary outcome), utilization of outpatient care, continuity of contacts in (psychiatric) care, physician and hospital hopping, re-admission rate, comorbidity, mortality, disease progression, and guideline adherence will be analyzed. Cost and effectivity of model and routine care will be estimated using cost-effectiveness analyses. Up to 10 control hospitals for each of the 18 model hospitals will be selected according to a pre-defined algorithm. DISCUSSION The evaluation of complex interventions is an important main task of health services research and constitutes the basis of evidence-guided advancement in health care. The study will yield important new evidence to guide the future provision of routine care for mentally ill patients in Germany and possibly beyond. TRIAL REGISTRATION This study was registered in the database "Health Services Research Germany" (trial number: VVfD_EVA64_15_003713 ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Neumann
- Center of Evidence-based Health Care, Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Enno Swart
- Institute of Social Medicine and Health Economics, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke- University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Dennis Häckl
- WIG2 Scientific Institute for Health Economics and Health System Research Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Roman Kliemt
- WIG2 Scientific Institute for Health Economics and Health System Research Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stefanie March
- Institute of Social Medicine and Health Economics, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke- University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Denise Küster
- Center of Evidence-based Health Care, Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Katrin Arnold
- Center of Evidence-based Health Care, Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Thomas Petzold
- Center of Evidence-based Health Care, Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Fabian Baum
- Center of Evidence-based Health Care, Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Martin Seifert
- Center of Evidence-based Health Care, Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Jessika Weiß
- Clinic for Child and Adolescence Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Carl Gustav Carus University Hospital, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Andrea Pfennig
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Carl Gustav Carus University Hospital, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jochen Schmitt
- Center of Evidence-based Health Care, Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
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Götz S, Hoven H, Müller A, Dragano N, Wahrendorf M. Age differences in the association between stressful work and sickness absence among full-time employed workers: evidence from the German socio-economic panel. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2018; 91:479-496. [PMID: 29487994 PMCID: PMC5908813 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-018-1298-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Purpose We aim to extend current knowledge on associations between stressful work and sickness absence, first, by studying associations between ERI and sickness absence among full-time employees from various occupations, and second, by investigating if associations vary by age. Methods We use data from four waves of the German socio-economic panel (GSOEP), collected among men and women between 2006 and 2012, with 9418 observations. Stressful work is measured with a short form of the ERI questionnaire. We investigate an imbalance between effort and reward (ER ratio) as well as the two main components (“high effort” and “low reward”). Sickness absence is measured by self-reported number of sickness days (assessed the following year). After descriptive analyses, we estimate a series of multivariable regressions, including tests for interactions between age and work stress. Results Each of the three indicators of stressful work is related to higher number of sickness days, with except of “high effort” in case of men. Findings remain significant after adjusting for social position (income, education and occupational class) and health. In addition, for both men and women, associations were slightly higher among older workers, though interactions did not reach statistical significance. Conclusion Our findings support that stressful work is linked to sickness absence across a wide spectrum of jobs with varying incomes and educational levels, and also that associations are slightly more pronounced among older workers. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00420-018-1298-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Götz
- Institute of Medical Sociology, Centre for Health and Society, Medical Faculty, University of Duesseldorf, Universitaetsstrasse 1, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany.
| | - Hanno Hoven
- Institute of Medical Sociology, Centre for Health and Society, Medical Faculty, University of Duesseldorf, Universitaetsstrasse 1, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Andreas Müller
- Institute of Psychology, Work and Organizational Psychology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 2, 45141, Essen, Germany
| | - Nico Dragano
- Institute of Medical Sociology, Centre for Health and Society, Medical Faculty, University of Duesseldorf, Universitaetsstrasse 1, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Morten Wahrendorf
- Institute of Medical Sociology, Centre for Health and Society, Medical Faculty, University of Duesseldorf, Universitaetsstrasse 1, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
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Rothermund E, Michaelis M, Jarczok MN, Balint EM, Lange R, Zipfel S, Gündel H, Rieger MA, Junne F. Prevention of Common Mental Disorders in Employees. Perspectives on Collaboration from Three Health Care Professions. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15020278. [PMID: 29415515 PMCID: PMC5858347 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15020278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Collaboration among occupational health physicians, primary care physicians and psychotherapists in the prevention and treatment of common mental disorders in employees has been scarcely researched. To identify potential for improvement, these professions were surveyed in Baden-Württemberg (Germany). Four hundred and fifty occupational health physicians, 1000 primary care physicians and 700 resident medical and psychological psychotherapists received a standardized questionnaire about their experiences, attitudes and wishes regarding activities for primary, secondary and tertiary prevention of common mental disorders in employees. The response rate of the questionnaire was 30% (n = 133) among occupational health physicians, 14% (n = 136) among primary care physicians and 27% (n = 186) among psychotherapists. Forty percent of primary care physicians and 33% of psychotherapists had never had contact with an occupational health physician. Psychotherapists indicated more frequent contact with primary care physicians than vice versa (73% and 49%, respectively). Better cooperation and profession-specific training on mental disorders and better knowledge about work-related stress were endorsed. For potentially involved stakeholders, the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration for better prevention and care of employees with common mental disorders is very high. Nevertheless, there is only little collaboration in practice. To establish quality-assured cooperation structures in practice, participants need applicable frameworks on an organizational and legal level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Rothermund
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
- Leadership Personality Centre Ulm, Ulm University, 89073 Ulm, Germany.
| | - Martina Michaelis
- Institute of Occupational and Social Medicine and Health Services Research, University Hospital Tübingen, 72074 Tübingen, Germany.
- Research Centre for Occupational and Social Medicine (FFAS), 79098 Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Marc N Jarczok
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
| | - Elisabeth M Balint
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
| | - Rahna Lange
- Institute of Occupational and Social Medicine and Health Services Research, University Hospital Tübingen, 72074 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Stephan Zipfel
- Department of Internal Medicine VI, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Harald Gündel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
| | - Monika A Rieger
- Institute of Occupational and Social Medicine and Health Services Research, University Hospital Tübingen, 72074 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Florian Junne
- Department of Internal Medicine VI, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
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Metzler YA, Bellingrath S. Psychosocial Hazard Analysis in a Heterogeneous Workforce: Determinants of Work Stress in Blue- and White-Collar Workers of the European Steel Industry. Front Public Health 2017; 5:210. [PMID: 28861410 PMCID: PMC5562717 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2017.00210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The European steel industry’s workforce is highly heterogeneous and consists of various occupational groups, presumably facing different psychosocial stressors. The few existing studies on the subject mainly focused on physical constraints of blue-collar workers, whereas the supposable psychosocial workload received only little research attention. This is remarkable considering the challenges associated with statutory required risk assessment of psychosocial hazards. Valid measures of hazard analysis must account for various stressors and reliably identify them, also between occupational groups. The present study, based on a sample of blue- and white-collar workers (N = 124) from the European steel industry, aims to provide a first insight into psychosocial stressors and strain at work in this rarely researched industrial sector. Furthermore, two well-known theoretical roadmaps in job analysis are examined regarding their utility for risk assessment in heterogeneous workforces: the German standard version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ) and the short version of the effort–reward imbalance questionnaire. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses revealed that the COPSOQ was better suited to predict various strain indices in the present sample. Especially stressors relating to socioemotional aspects, such as work-privacy conflict, revealed a reasonable impact, indicating the need for comprehensive solutions at the organizational level instead of solutions focusing on single workplaces. To conclude, a broadly diversified and validated approach in psychosocial risk assessment is needed to adequately assess the variety of psychosocial factors at work and in different occupational groups.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Silja Bellingrath
- Work and Organizational Psychology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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