[Laparoscopic repair of parastomal hernia]

A keyhole approach gives a sound repair for ileal conduit parastomal hernia

PURPOSE

The purpose of this study was to report and evaluate a laparoscopic surgical technique for the treatment of parastomal hernia (PSH) after ileal conduit urinary diversion aiming to minimize PSH recurrence and perioperative complications.

METHODS

We retrospectively evaluated all patients who underwent a PSH (after ileal conduit urinary diversion) repair at Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge. As a surgical approach, a laparoscopic repair with mesh was utilized in all cases. Subsequently, we performed a voluntary follow-up of the patients to evaluate long-term recurrence and complication rates. In addition, we conducted a reassessment of the cross-sectional imaging available.

RESULTS

Between November 2008 and December 2019, 27 patients underwent hernia repair due to a clinically significant hernia. Out of those patients, one suffered from a post-operative wound infection. In total 23 patients participated in the follow-up with a median follow-up period of 91 months. Follow-up examination revealed two cases of recurrent PSH (8.7% of patients followed up), four patients suffered from minor complications (14.8%).

CONCLUSION

Repair of PSH associated with ileal conduit is particularly scarce. Our surgical approach presents the only laparoscopic case series of an effective method for treating a PSH from an ileal conduit with a low complication and recurrence rate.

From keyhole to sandwich: change in laparoscopic repair of parastomal hernias at a single centre

BACKGROUND

Nearly 50% of patients with an ostomy will develop a parastomal hernia (PSH). Its repair remains a surgical challenge. Both laparoscopic "modified Sugarbaker" (SB) and Keyhole (KH) repair are currently in use, frequently with unsatisfactory results.''Sandwich Repair'' (SR) may be an alternative to reduce recurrence rates. We present the change of our technique from KH to SR.

METHODS

We collected data from all consecutive laparoscopic PSH repairs at our institution from 2004 until now (from 2004 to 2013 treated with KH, from 2014 with SR) and compared the results of the two groups. Primary endpoint was recurrence rate at 1 year. Secondary outcomes were operative time, PO length of hospital stay (LOS), and short and long-term complications.

RESULTS

13 patients underwent SR. Main changes in surgical technique concerned primary defect closure, no stay sutures, use of glue for first mesh fixation, and partial lateral covering of the underlying mesh with a peritoneal flap. Early postoperative course after SR was uneventful and no recurrence at 1 year was recorded. In the KH group (19 patients), short-term complications occurred in two cases (10%), with one parietal hematoma and one case of intensive pain; we had four recurrences at 1 year (21%). LOS was shorter in the SR group (mean 4 days vs 6, p = 0.004). The KH group had 2 (10%) occurrences of chronic seroma and one bowel perforation (5%), while the SR group had one (8%) occurrence of chronic pain. Median follow-up was 26 months (range 13-78) for the SR group and 47 months (12-105) for the KH group.

CONCLUSION

SR is safe and effective in expert hands and provides promising preliminary results.

Continuous Laparoscopic Closure of the Linea Alba with Barbed Sutures Combined with Laparoscopic Mesh Implantation (IPOM Plus Repair) As a New Technique for Treatment of Abdominal Hernias

Despite extensive experience and significant reduction of complications in recent years, laparoscopic treatment of complex abdominal hernias is a challenge even for the experienced endoscopic surgeon. Patients with severe incisional hernias or symptomatic rectus diastasis benefit from the closure of the linea alba as a morphological and physiological reconstruction of the abdominal wall followed by mesh implantation. Occasionally, an additional component separation is necessary. In open surgery, this is associated with very large wound areas, postoperative seromas, poor wound healing and, in the worst case, mesh infections. To avoid these complications, we operate these complex reconstructions completely endoscopically. Our concept is based on a laparoscopic closure of the linea alba through an ongoing, barbed non-resorbable 1-0 suture (polybutester) and final reinforcement by an intraperitoneal-onlay mesh (IPOM-Plus). For the treatment of complex abdominal hernias with a width of more than 10 cm, we performed an endoscopic anterior bilateral component separation. This allows the surgeon to combine the advantages of the open abdominal wall reconstruction with those of laparoscopic hernia repair. Between May 2015 and June 2017, we treated 42 patients with abdominal hernias by laparoscopic continuous hernia defect closure and complementary mesh implantation, whereby a complex reconstruction with additional endoscopic anterior component separation was performed in five patients. In this article, we will present this innovative technique of endoscopic/laparoscopic hernia repair in complex abdominal hernias.

Single-port parastomal hernia repair by using 3-D textile implants

Background:

Parastomal hernias (PSHs) are a frequent complication and remain a surgical challenge. We present a new option for single-port PSH repair with equilateral stoma relocation using preshaped, prosthetic 3-dimensional implants and flat mesh insertion in intraperitoneal onlay placement for additional augmentation of the abdominal wall.

Methods:

We describe our novel technique in detail and performed an analysis of prospectively collected data from patients who underwent single-port PSH repair, focusing on feasibility, conversions, and complications.

Results:

From September 2013 to January 2014, 9 patients with symptomatic PSHs were included. Two conversions to reduced-port laparoscopy using a second 3-mm trocar were required because of difficult adhesiolysis, dissection, and reduction of the hernia sac content. No major intra- or postoperative complications or reoperations were encountered. One patient incurred a peristomal wound healing defect that could be treated conservatively.

Conclusion:

We found that single-port PSH repair using preshaped, elastic 3-dimensional devices and additional flat mesh repair of the abdominal wall is feasible, safe, and beneficial, relating to optimal coverage of unstable stoma edges with wide overlap to all sides and simultaneous augmentation of the midline in the IPOM technique. The stoma relocation enables prolapse treatment and prevention. The features of a modular and rotatable multichannel port system offer benefits in clear dissection ongoing from a single port. Long-term follow-up data on an adequate number of patients are awaited to examine efficacy.

Parastomal hernia repair with a 3-D mesh device and additional flat mesh repair of the abdominal wall

PURPOSE

Parastomal hernias (PSHs) have been a major clinical problem. The aim of this study was to evaluate a new method of PSH repair in combination with an additional flat mesh reinforcement of the abdominal wall.

METHODS

In a pilot case series, seven patients suffering from complex PSHs (≥5 cm diameter and/or recurrence) underwent surgery and were treated by intraperitoneal onlay technique (IPOM) with a synthetic 3-D funnel-shaped mesh implant. The demographics, perioperative, and follow-up data are presented in this report.

RESULTS

The surgical strategy varied between purely laparoscopic (n = 1), laparoscopically assisted (hybrid n = 3), or open techniques (n = 3) using original or suture-reconstructed mesh devices. The funnel mesh implantations in IPOM technique were combined with attached flat meshes in the appropriate position of the abdominal wall. No procedure-related complications occurred. The mean length of hospital stay was 12 days and the mean operating time was 171 min. No recurrence of PSH or incisional hernias was observed during a mean follow-up period of 12.3 months (range from 7 to 22).

CONCLUSION

The use of a 3-D mesh implant has so far shown to be a promising option in the treatment of primary and recurrent PSHs. Its use proved to be reasonable in both laparoscopic and open IPOM technique. PSHs were preferably repaired using the original, unmodified implant, but when we also found it safe to incise, place and then suture the mesh around the pre-existing ostomy.

[Median incisional hernias and coexisting parastomal hernias : new surgical strategies and an algorithm for simultaneous repair]

The co-occurrence of incisional and parastomal hernias (PSH) remains a surgical challenge. Standardized treatment guidelines are missing, and the patients concerned require an individualized surgical approach. The laparoscopic techniques can be performed with incised and/or stoma-lateralizing flat meshes with intraperitoneal onlay placement. The purely laparoscopic and laparoscopic-assisted approaches with 3-D meshes offer advantages regarding the complete coverage of the edges of the stomal areas and the option of equilateral or contralateral stoma relocation in cases of PSH, which are difficult to handle due to scarring, adhesions, and large fascial defects > 5 cm with intestinal hernia sac contents. A relevant stoma prolapse can be relocated by tunnel-like preformed 3-D meshes and shortening the stoma bowel. The positive effect on prolapse prevention arises from the dome of the 3-D mesh, which is directed toward the abdominal cavity and tightly fits to the bowel. In cases of large incisional hernias (> 8-10 cm in width) or young patients with higher physical demands, an open abdominal wall reconstruction in sublay technique is required. Component separation techniques that enable tension-free ventral fascial closure should be preferred to mesh-supported defect bridging methods. The modified posterior component separation with transversus abdominis release (TAR) and the minimally invasive anterior component separation are superior to the original Ramirez technique with respect to wound morbidity. By using 3-D textile implants, which were specially designed for parastomal hernia prevention, the stoma can be brought out through the lateral abdominal wall without increased risk of parastomal hernia or prolapse development. An algorithm for surgical treatment, in consideration of the complexity of combined hernias, is introduced for the first time.