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Yu K, Gao Q, Xu J, Liu L, Qi L, Guan Y, Yao Y, Chen F, Zhang P, Liu Y, Lu L. Computational investigation of a 3D-printed skin substitute with orthotropy in mechanical property. Comput Biol Med 2023; 166:107536. [PMID: 37801921 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.107536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
As a promising treatment for third-degree burns, grafting with bioengineering skin substitutes shows a capability to overcome the deficiency of donor skin. Similar mechanical properties with human skin are required for employed skin substitutes to avoid secondary damage to patients. Given the representativeness of orthotropy in mechanical properties, there is a need for developing orthotropic skin substitutes. This paper presents computational investigation as well as structural design for the fabrication of orthotropic skin substitutes. A finite element method (FEM) based mechanics simulation model for analyzing the stress field in the skin substitute was developed, by which the stress distribution in mimetic structures of the epidermis and dermis can be acquired. Moreover, the equation of Young's modulus was deduced based on the simulation result, which expressed the mechanical property of designed skin substitutes. Furthermore, several structures of skin substitutes were proposed and their calculated Young's modulus ranged from 21.87 kPa to 213.32 kPa, which was similar to the human skin. Ultimately, uniaxial tensile tests were performed for three types of 3D-printed orthotropic skin substitutes, which validates the feasibility to regulate Young's modulus by regulating the structure of fabricated skin substitutes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaicheng Yu
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; Chongqing Research Institute of HIT, Chongqing 400000, China.
| | - Qiang Gao
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; Chongqing Research Institute of HIT, Chongqing 400000, China.
| | - Jingfeng Xu
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; Chongqing Research Institute of HIT, Chongqing 400000, China.
| | - Liang Liu
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; Chongqing Research Institute of HIT, Chongqing 400000, China.
| | - Lizi Qi
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; Chongqing Research Institute of HIT, Chongqing 400000, China.
| | - Yuheng Guan
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; Chongqing Research Institute of HIT, Chongqing 400000, China.
| | - Yifeng Yao
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; Chongqing Research Institute of HIT, Chongqing 400000, China.
| | - Fangzheng Chen
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; Chongqing Research Institute of HIT, Chongqing 400000, China.
| | - Peng Zhang
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; Chongqing Research Institute of HIT, Chongqing 400000, China.
| | - YongDan Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Hospital of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150036, China.
| | - Lihua Lu
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; Chongqing Research Institute of HIT, Chongqing 400000, China.
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Schneider V, Kruse D, de Mattos IB, Zöphel S, Tiltmann KK, Reigl A, Khan S, Funk M, Bodenschatz K, Groeber-Becker F. A 3D In Vitro Model for Burn Wounds: Monitoring of Regeneration on the Epidermal Level. Biomedicines 2021; 9:1153. [PMID: 34572338 PMCID: PMC8466997 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9091153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Burns affect millions every year and a model to mimic the pathophysiology of such injuries in detail is required to better understand regeneration. The current gold standard for studying burn wounds are animal models, which are under criticism due to ethical considerations and a limited predictiveness. Here, we present a three-dimensional burn model, based on an open-source model, to monitor wound healing on the epidermal level. Skin equivalents were burned, using a preheated metal cylinder. The healing process was monitored regarding histomorphology, metabolic changes, inflammatory response and reepithelialization for 14 days. During this time, the wound size decreased from 25% to 5% of the model area and the inflammatory response (IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8) showed a comparable course to wounding and healing in vivo. Additionally, the topical application of 5% dexpanthenol enhanced tissue morphology and the number of proliferative keratinocytes in the newly formed epidermis, but did not influence the overall reepithelialization rate. In summary, the model showed a comparable healing process to in vivo, and thus, offers the opportunity to better understand the physiology of thermal burn wound healing on the keratinocyte level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Schneider
- Department Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine (TERM), University Hospital Würzburg, 97070 Würzburg, Germany; (D.K.); (I.B.d.M.); (S.Z.); (K.-K.T.); (A.R.); (F.G.-B.)
- Translational Center for Regenerative Therapies TLC-RT, Fraunhofer-Institute for Silicate Research ISC, Neunerplatz 2, 97082 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Kruse
- Department Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine (TERM), University Hospital Würzburg, 97070 Würzburg, Germany; (D.K.); (I.B.d.M.); (S.Z.); (K.-K.T.); (A.R.); (F.G.-B.)
| | - Ives Bernardelli de Mattos
- Department Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine (TERM), University Hospital Würzburg, 97070 Würzburg, Germany; (D.K.); (I.B.d.M.); (S.Z.); (K.-K.T.); (A.R.); (F.G.-B.)
- QRSkin GmbH, Friedrich-Bergius-Ring 15, 97076 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Saskia Zöphel
- Department Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine (TERM), University Hospital Würzburg, 97070 Würzburg, Germany; (D.K.); (I.B.d.M.); (S.Z.); (K.-K.T.); (A.R.); (F.G.-B.)
- Translational Center for Regenerative Therapies TLC-RT, Fraunhofer-Institute for Silicate Research ISC, Neunerplatz 2, 97082 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Kendra-Kathrin Tiltmann
- Department Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine (TERM), University Hospital Würzburg, 97070 Würzburg, Germany; (D.K.); (I.B.d.M.); (S.Z.); (K.-K.T.); (A.R.); (F.G.-B.)
- Translational Center for Regenerative Therapies TLC-RT, Fraunhofer-Institute for Silicate Research ISC, Neunerplatz 2, 97082 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Amelie Reigl
- Department Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine (TERM), University Hospital Würzburg, 97070 Würzburg, Germany; (D.K.); (I.B.d.M.); (S.Z.); (K.-K.T.); (A.R.); (F.G.-B.)
- Translational Center for Regenerative Therapies TLC-RT, Fraunhofer-Institute for Silicate Research ISC, Neunerplatz 2, 97082 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sarah Khan
- Department for Paediatric Surgery, Nuremberg Hospital, Breslauer Straße 201, 90471 Nürnberg, Germany; (S.K.); (K.B.)
| | - Martin Funk
- EVOMEDIS GmbH, Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 2, 8010 Graz, Austria;
| | - Karl Bodenschatz
- Department for Paediatric Surgery, Nuremberg Hospital, Breslauer Straße 201, 90471 Nürnberg, Germany; (S.K.); (K.B.)
| | - Florian Groeber-Becker
- Department Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine (TERM), University Hospital Würzburg, 97070 Würzburg, Germany; (D.K.); (I.B.d.M.); (S.Z.); (K.-K.T.); (A.R.); (F.G.-B.)
- Translational Center for Regenerative Therapies TLC-RT, Fraunhofer-Institute for Silicate Research ISC, Neunerplatz 2, 97082 Würzburg, Germany
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Takegami Y, Yokoyama Y, Norisugi O, Nagatsuma M, Takata K, Rehman MU, Matsunaga K, Yokoi H, Fujiki S, Makino T, Shimizu T. Synthesis and characterization of high-quality skin-cooling sheets containing thermosensitive poly(N-isopropylacrylamid). J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2011; 98:110-3. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.31839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2010] [Revised: 11/29/2010] [Accepted: 12/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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