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Kumar S, Yadav RN, Gupta P, Gaspar BL, Kakkar N, Verma A, Parthan G, Bhansali A, Mukherjee KK, Korbonits M, Dutta P. Prostatic hyperplasia in acromegaly, a myth or reality: a case-control study. Eur J Endocrinol 2015; 172:97-106. [PMID: 25550351 DOI: 10.1530/eje-14-0698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Disorders of the prostate gland are more prevalent in patients with acromegaly. GH-insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) axis plays an additive role in prostatic growth and development. OBJECTIVE To correlate the structural and histopathological changes of the prostate and prostatic symptoms with GH/IGF1 in patients with acromegaly. DESIGN Case-control study, from January 2012 to November 2013. SETTING Tertiary referral centre university hospital in Northern India. PATIENTS Fifty-three men with acromegaly and 50 healthy men matched for age and BMI. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels, dimensions of the prostate on trans-rectal ultrasonography, parameters on uroflowmetry, and immunopositivity with anti-IGF1 antibody in prostatic tissue biopsies. RESULTS Despite low serum testosterone levels (8.9 nmol/l vs 14.3 nmol/l, acromegaly vs control), patients with acromegaly had marginally higher IPSS, PSA levels, and grades of enlarged prostate and obstructive features on uroflowmetry compared with controls. Dimensions of the prostate on ultrasonography were also significantly higher in patients. These changes were present irrespective of age, current gonadal status, and disease activity. Evidence of prostatic hyperplasia on biopsy was seen in six of 14 patients (42.8%) who underwent prostatic biopsy while it was absent in the controls. Immunohistochemistry with anti-IGF1 antibody showed moderate positivity in all the 14 patients who underwent biopsy with benign prostatic hyperplasia, compared with mild positivity in 21% of controls. Similarly, 14 control patients with prostatic malignancies showed variable positivity, four patients had strong, two each had mild and moderate positivity, while six were negative. CONCLUSIONS In patients with acromegaly, there is a higher frequency of structural changes in the prostate, along with greater prostatic volume and obstructive features, compared with healthy controls, irrespective of age, gonadal status, and disease activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Kumar
- Departments of UrologyGeneral SurgeryNeurosurgeryHistopathologyEndocrinologyPostgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, 4th Floor, F Block, Nehru Hospital, Chandigarh 160012, IndiaBarts and the London School of MedicineWilliam Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University, London EC1M6BQ, UK
| | - Ram Niwas Yadav
- Departments of UrologyGeneral SurgeryNeurosurgeryHistopathologyEndocrinologyPostgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, 4th Floor, F Block, Nehru Hospital, Chandigarh 160012, IndiaBarts and the London School of MedicineWilliam Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University, London EC1M6BQ, UK
| | - Prakamya Gupta
- Departments of UrologyGeneral SurgeryNeurosurgeryHistopathologyEndocrinologyPostgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, 4th Floor, F Block, Nehru Hospital, Chandigarh 160012, IndiaBarts and the London School of MedicineWilliam Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University, London EC1M6BQ, UK
| | - Balan Louis Gaspar
- Departments of UrologyGeneral SurgeryNeurosurgeryHistopathologyEndocrinologyPostgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, 4th Floor, F Block, Nehru Hospital, Chandigarh 160012, IndiaBarts and the London School of MedicineWilliam Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University, London EC1M6BQ, UK
| | - Nandita Kakkar
- Departments of UrologyGeneral SurgeryNeurosurgeryHistopathologyEndocrinologyPostgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, 4th Floor, F Block, Nehru Hospital, Chandigarh 160012, IndiaBarts and the London School of MedicineWilliam Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University, London EC1M6BQ, UK
| | - Alka Verma
- Departments of UrologyGeneral SurgeryNeurosurgeryHistopathologyEndocrinologyPostgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, 4th Floor, F Block, Nehru Hospital, Chandigarh 160012, IndiaBarts and the London School of MedicineWilliam Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University, London EC1M6BQ, UK
| | - Girish Parthan
- Departments of UrologyGeneral SurgeryNeurosurgeryHistopathologyEndocrinologyPostgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, 4th Floor, F Block, Nehru Hospital, Chandigarh 160012, IndiaBarts and the London School of MedicineWilliam Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University, London EC1M6BQ, UK
| | - Anil Bhansali
- Departments of UrologyGeneral SurgeryNeurosurgeryHistopathologyEndocrinologyPostgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, 4th Floor, F Block, Nehru Hospital, Chandigarh 160012, IndiaBarts and the London School of MedicineWilliam Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University, London EC1M6BQ, UK
| | - K K Mukherjee
- Departments of UrologyGeneral SurgeryNeurosurgeryHistopathologyEndocrinologyPostgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, 4th Floor, F Block, Nehru Hospital, Chandigarh 160012, IndiaBarts and the London School of MedicineWilliam Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University, London EC1M6BQ, UK
| | - Márta Korbonits
- Departments of UrologyGeneral SurgeryNeurosurgeryHistopathologyEndocrinologyPostgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, 4th Floor, F Block, Nehru Hospital, Chandigarh 160012, IndiaBarts and the London School of MedicineWilliam Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University, London EC1M6BQ, UK
| | - Pinaki Dutta
- Departments of UrologyGeneral SurgeryNeurosurgeryHistopathologyEndocrinologyPostgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, 4th Floor, F Block, Nehru Hospital, Chandigarh 160012, IndiaBarts and the London School of MedicineWilliam Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University, London EC1M6BQ, UK
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Liang B, Yang C, Zuo X, Li Y, Ding Y, Sheng Y, Zhou F, Cheng H, Zheng X, Chen G, Zhu Z, Zhu J, Fu X, Wang T, Dong Y, Duan D, Tang X, Tang H, Gao J, Sun L, Yang S, Zhang X. Genetic variants at 20p11 confer risk to androgenetic alopecia in the Chinese Han population. PLoS One 2013; 8:e71771. [PMID: 23990985 PMCID: PMC3753324 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0071771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2013] [Accepted: 07/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a well-characterized type of progressive hair loss commonly seen in men, with different prevalences in different ethnic populations. It is generally considered to be a polygenic heritable trait. Several susceptibility genes/loci, such as AR/EDA2R, HDAC9 and 20p11, have been identified as being involved in its development in European populations. In this study, we aim to validate whether these loci are also associated with AGA in the Chinese Han population. Methods We genotyped 16 previously reported single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with 445 AGA cases and 546 healthy controls using the Sequenom iPlex platform. The trend test was used to evaluate the association between these loci and AGA in the Chinese Han population. Conservatively accounting for multiple testing by the Bonferroni correction, the threshold for statistical significance was P ≤3.13×10−3. Results We identified that 5 SNPs at 20p11 were significantly associated with AGA in the Chinese Han population (1.84×10−11≤P≤2.10×10−6). Conclusions This study validated, for the first time, that 20p11 also confers risk for AGA in the Chinese Han population and implicated the potential common genetic factors for AGA shared by both Chinese and European populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Liang
- Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology, No.1 Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, China, Hefei, Anhui, China
- State key Laboratory Incubation Base of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Chunjun Yang
- Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology, No.1 Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, China, Hefei, Anhui, China
- State key Laboratory Incubation Base of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xianbo Zuo
- Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology, No.1 Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, China, Hefei, Anhui, China
- State key Laboratory Incubation Base of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yang Li
- Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology, No.1 Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, China, Hefei, Anhui, China
- State key Laboratory Incubation Base of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yantao Ding
- Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology, No.1 Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, China, Hefei, Anhui, China
- State key Laboratory Incubation Base of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yujun Sheng
- Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology, No.1 Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, China, Hefei, Anhui, China
- State key Laboratory Incubation Base of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Fusheng Zhou
- Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology, No.1 Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, China, Hefei, Anhui, China
- State key Laboratory Incubation Base of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hui Cheng
- Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology, No.1 Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, China, Hefei, Anhui, China
- State key Laboratory Incubation Base of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaodong Zheng
- Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology, No.1 Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, China, Hefei, Anhui, China
- State key Laboratory Incubation Base of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology, No.1 Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, China, Hefei, Anhui, China
- State key Laboratory Incubation Base of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zhengwei Zhu
- Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology, No.1 Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, China, Hefei, Anhui, China
- State key Laboratory Incubation Base of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology, No.1 Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, China, Hefei, Anhui, China
- State key Laboratory Incubation Base of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xuhui Fu
- Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology, No.1 Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, China, Hefei, Anhui, China
- State key Laboratory Incubation Base of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology, No.1 Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, China, Hefei, Anhui, China
- State key Laboratory Incubation Base of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Ying Dong
- Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology, No.1 Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, China, Hefei, Anhui, China
- State key Laboratory Incubation Base of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Dawei Duan
- Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology, No.1 Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, China, Hefei, Anhui, China
- State key Laboratory Incubation Base of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xianfa Tang
- Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology, No.1 Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, China, Hefei, Anhui, China
- State key Laboratory Incubation Base of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Huayang Tang
- Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology, No.1 Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, China, Hefei, Anhui, China
- State key Laboratory Incubation Base of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jinping Gao
- Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology, No.1 Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, China, Hefei, Anhui, China
- State key Laboratory Incubation Base of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Liangdan Sun
- Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology, No.1 Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, China, Hefei, Anhui, China
- State key Laboratory Incubation Base of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Sen Yang
- Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology, No.1 Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, China, Hefei, Anhui, China
- State key Laboratory Incubation Base of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xuejun Zhang
- Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology, No.1 Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, China, Hefei, Anhui, China
- State key Laboratory Incubation Base of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- * E-mail:
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