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Malewicz NM, Rattray Z, Oeck S, Jung S, Escamilla-Rivera V, Chen Z, Tang X, Zhou J, LaMotte RH. Topical Capsaicin in Poly(lactic-co-glycolic)acid (PLGA) Nanoparticles Decreases Acute Itch and Heat Pain. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:5275. [PMID: 35563669 PMCID: PMC9101161 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23095275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Capsaicin, the hot pepper agent, produces burning followed by desensitization. To treat localized itch or pain with minimal burning, low capsaicin concentrations can be repeatedly applied. We hypothesized that alternatively controlled release of capsaicin from poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles desensitizes superficially terminating nociceptors, reducing burning. METHODS Capsaicin-loaded PLGA nanoparticles were prepared (single-emulsion solvent evaporation) and characterized (size, morphology, capsaicin loading, encapsulation efficiency, in vitro release profile). Capsaicin-PLGA nanoparticles were applied to murine skin and evaluated in healthy human participants (n = 21) for 4 days under blinded conditions, and itch and nociceptive sensations evoked by mechanical, heat stimuli and pruritogens cowhage, β-alanine, BAM8-22 and histamine were evaluated. RESULTS Nanoparticles (loading: 58 µg capsaicin/mg) released in vitro 23% capsaicin within the first hour and had complete release at 72 h. In mice, 24 h post-application Capsaicin-PLGA nanoparticles penetrated the dermis and led to decreased nociceptive behavioral responses to heat and mechanical stimulation (desensitization). Application in humans produced a weak to moderate burning, dissipating after 3 h. A loss of heat pain up to 2 weeks was observed. After capsaicin nanoparticles, itch and nociceptive sensations were reduced in response to pruritogens cowhage, β-alanine or BAM8-22, but were normal to histamine. CONCLUSIONS Capsaicin nanoparticles could be useful in reducing pain and itch associated with pruritic diseases that are histamine-independent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie M. Malewicz
- Department of Anesthesiology, Yale University School of Medicine, 330 Cedar St, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; (S.J.); (V.E.-R.)
- Clinics for Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Medical Faculty of Ruhr-University Bochum, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, 44789 Bochum, Germany
| | - Zahra Rattray
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK;
| | - Sebastian Oeck
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA;
- Department of Medical Oncology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Jung
- Department of Anesthesiology, Yale University School of Medicine, 330 Cedar St, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; (S.J.); (V.E.-R.)
- ZEMOS Center for Solvation Science, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Vicente Escamilla-Rivera
- Department of Anesthesiology, Yale University School of Medicine, 330 Cedar St, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; (S.J.); (V.E.-R.)
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Zeming Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; (Z.C.); (X.T.); (J.Z.)
| | - Xiangjun Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; (Z.C.); (X.T.); (J.Z.)
| | - Jiangbing Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; (Z.C.); (X.T.); (J.Z.)
| | - Robert H. LaMotte
- Department of Anesthesiology, Yale University School of Medicine, 330 Cedar St, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; (S.J.); (V.E.-R.)
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Klinische Shortcuts in der Differenzialdiagnostik von Pruritus. Hautarzt 2020; 71:493-499. [DOI: 10.1007/s00105-020-04606-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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