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Stingeni L, Napolitano M, Hansel K, Foti C, Corazza M, Borghi A, Gallo R, Patruno C, Schena D, Lauriola MM, Casciola G, Giuffrida R, Guarneri F. Hand eczema in Italian patients referred for patch testing: A retrospective SIDAPA study (2016-2023). Contact Dermatitis 2024. [PMID: 39187476 DOI: 10.1111/cod.14684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hand eczema (HE) is a common skin disease with a negative impact on patients' quality of life in occupational and non-occupational settings. Up-to-date, data on HE in Italian patients referred for patch testing are lacking. OBJECTIVES To characterise the profile in terms of demographics, aetiology and patch test results of Italian patients affected by HE referred for patch testing. METHODS A retrospective descriptive study on consecutive patients affected by HE who underwent patch testing from 2016 to 2023 in eight dermatology clinics was performed. HE patients were divided into two groups according to the exclusive (HE-only group) and not-exclusive (HE+ group) hand involvement, and compared to patients with eczema localised in body areas other than hands (NHE group). RESULTS One thousand five hundred and ninety-seven patients were affected by HE (35.3% males; mean age 42.7 years), 60.2% belonging to the HE-only group and 39.8% to the HE+ group. Occupational dermatitis was diagnosed in 33.2% of HE-only patients, 25.0% of HE+ patients and 5.2% of NHE patients (p < 0.001). HE-only patients presented: Allergic Contact Dermatitis (ACD), Irritant Contact Dermatitis (ICD), atopic HE in 48.1%, 47.5% and 7.1%, respectively; hyperkeratotic palmar, acute recurrent vesicular and nummular clinical subtypes in 52.2%, 43.9% and 11.9%, respectively; relevant positive patch test reactions in 48.1% (nickel sulphate 18.9%, methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone 10.6%, methylisothiazolinone 8.6%, p-phenylenediamine 6.0% and potassium dichromate 4.7%). CONCLUSIONS HE patients, and particularly those with exclusive hand involvement, show a particular profile in terms of demographic and clinical characteristics, etiologies and relevant positive patch test reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Stingeni
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Maddalena Napolitano
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Katharina Hansel
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Caterina Foti
- Section of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Monica Corazza
- Section of Dermatology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alessandro Borghi
- Section of Dermatology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Rosella Gallo
- Section of Dermatology, Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute (DISSAL) University of Genoa and IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Cataldo Patruno
- Section of Dermatology, Health Sciences Department, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Donatella Schena
- Section of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Maria Michela Lauriola
- Dermatology Unit, Policlinico San Marco, Istituti Ospedalieri Bergamaschi, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Gabriele Casciola
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Roberta Giuffrida
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Guarneri
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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Harmouche M, Kaplan M, Weisshaar E. [When protective gloves do not protect-unexpected findings in a dental assistant]. DERMATOLOGIE (HEIDELBERG, GERMANY) 2023:10.1007/s00105-023-05169-8. [PMID: 37222754 DOI: 10.1007/s00105-023-05169-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We report on a 38-year-old dental assistant who developed erythema and dryness of the skin of the hands 12 years after she had started the job. After healing for 3 months she developed eczema lesions on the body, especially on the back of the hands, arms, neck, and legs. Contact dermatitis was suspected. We diagnosed atopic dermatitis and allergic contact dermatitis to different thiurames and to three of the seven protective gloves she had worn professionally. Carbamates were identified in those protection gloves. Thus, we assume two skin diseases: atopic hand eczema and atopic dermatitis of the body as well as intermittent contact dermatitis to occupationally relevant contact allergens. By using thiuram- and carbamate-free protective gloves and implementing skin protection and skin care measures, the skin disease has been completely cured to this day.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam Harmouche
- Sektion Berufsdermatologie, Hautklinik, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Voßstr. 2, 69120, Heidelberg, Deutschland
| | - Mustafa Kaplan
- Sektion Berufsdermatologie, Hautklinik, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Voßstr. 2, 69120, Heidelberg, Deutschland.
| | - Elke Weisshaar
- Sektion Berufsdermatologie, Hautklinik, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Voßstr. 2, 69120, Heidelberg, Deutschland
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Dickel H, Bauer A, Brehler R, Mahler V, Merk HF, Neustädter I, Strömer K, Werfel T, Worm M, Geier J. S1-Leitlinie Kontaktekzem. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2022; 20:711-734. [PMID: 35578429 DOI: 10.1111/ddg.14734_g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Heinrich Dickel
- Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, St. Josef-Hospital, Universitätsklinikum der Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum
| | - Andrea Bauer
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus an der Technischen Universität Dresden, Dresden
| | - Randolf Brehler
- Klinik für Hautkrankheiten, Universitätsklinikum Münster, Münster
| | - Vera Mahler
- Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Bundesinstitut für Impfstoffe und biomedizinische Arzneimittel, Langen
| | | | | | | | - Thomas Werfel
- Klinik für Dermatologie, Allergologie und Venerologie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover
| | - Margitta Worm
- Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin
| | - Johannes Geier
- Zentrale des IVDK, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Göttingen
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Dickel H, Bauer A, Brehler R, Mahler V, Merk HF, Neustädter I, Strömer K, Werfel T, Worm M, Geier J. German S1 guideline: Contact dermatitis. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2022; 20:712-734. [DOI: 10.1111/ddg.14734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Heinrich Dickel
- Department of Dermatology Venereology and Allergology St. Josef Hospital University Medical Center of the Ruhr University Bochum Bochum Germany
| | - Andrea Bauer
- Department of Dermatology University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Technical University Dresden Dresden Germany
| | - Randolf Brehler
- Department of Dermatology University Hospital Münster Münster Germany
| | - Vera Mahler
- Paul‐Ehrlich‐Institut Federal Institute for Vaccines and Biomedicines Langen Germany
| | - Hans F. Merk
- Department of Dermatology RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany
| | - Irena Neustädter
- Department of Pediatrics Hallerwiese Cnopfsche Kinderklinik Nuremberg Germany
| | | | - Thomas Werfel
- Department of Dermatology Allergology and Venereology Hannover Medical School Hannover Germany
| | - Margitta Worm
- Department of Dermatology Venereology and Allergology Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Johannes Geier
- Center of IVDK University Medical Center Göttingen Göttingen Germany
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Allergic contact dermatitis to rubber accelerators in protective gloves: Problems, challenges, and solutions for occupational skin protection. Allergol Select 2021; 5:335-344. [PMID: 34734158 PMCID: PMC8561832 DOI: 10.5414/alx02265e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Protective gloves are an elementary component of personal protective equipment in many occupations and are intended to protect the hands from various hazards (e.g., wetness, chemicals, mechanical forces, or thermal stress). This is particularly important when other occupational safety measures (e.g., technical-organizational measures) cannot be implemented or are insufficient. However, it is not uncommon for protective gloves themselves to become a problem, as some of their ingredients (e.g., rubber accelerators) can cause allergic reactions. Accelerators in rubber gloves include thiurams, dithiocarbamates, thiazoles, guanidines, and thioureas. If no alternative means of protection are available, this may even result in abandoning the profession. This article is about rubber accelerators, which are often contained in protective gloves made of different rubber materials (e.g., natural rubber (latex) and nitrile rubber) and may cause delayed-type allergies, as well as related challenges, problems, and solutions for occupational skin protection.
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Baur V, Schultz ES. Handekzeme: Ätiologie, Diagnostik und therapeutisches Management. AKTUELLE DERMATOLOGIE 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1106-9108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Weisshaar E, John SM. [Occupational dermatology-more relevant than ever]. Hautarzt 2021; 72:467-468. [PMID: 34061217 PMCID: PMC8167831 DOI: 10.1007/s00105-021-04823-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elke Weisshaar
- Berufsdermatologie, Universitätshautklinik Heidelberg, Voßstr. 2, 69115, Heidelberg, Deutschland.
| | - Swen Malte John
- Abteilung Dermatologie, Umweltmedizin, Universität Osnabrück, Am Finkenhügel 7a, 49076, Osnabrück, Deutschland. .,Institut für interdisziplinäre Dermatologische Prävention und Rehabilitation (iDerm), Universität Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Deutschland.
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Mahler V. [New allergens for occupational dermatology?]. Hautarzt 2021; 72:474-483. [PMID: 33950272 DOI: 10.1007/s00105-021-04825-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The environment is continuously subject to change. Exposures in the work environment and therefore the importance of occupational type I and type IV allergens may change. OBJECTIVES The most important trends concerning occupational allergens, new occupational allergens/allergen exposures, the diagnostic procedure to detect new allergens in practice and regulatory developments are presented. MATERIALS AND METHODS Building on known relevant allergen exposures in occupational dermatology, published trends from clinical cohorts are evaluated and a systematic literature search (PubMed 2016-2021) for new occupational allergens is also performed RESULTS: Occupations with the highest incidence of occupational allergic contact urticaria and/or protein contact dermatitis include bakers, farmers and farm workers, veterinary technicians, veterinarians, cooks, dairy and livestock workers, gardeners, and hairdressers. The highest risk of developing occupational contact dermatitis is in health care, agriculture, metalworking occupations and machine operators, the food sector, service industries, and construction occupations. The search strategy "new occupational allerg*" yielded 603 hits and "novel occupational allerg*" 158 hits. A total of 25 papers included results relevant to the research question and were processed. New protein-based immediate-type allergens, as well as contact allergens (haptens) relevant for occupational dermatology, are presented. CONCLUSIONS Current trends on known occupational allergens and new occupational allergens in the period 2016-2021 can be identified. Only a thorough individual workplace history and testing of patients' own materials can identify new allergens in occupational dermatology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Mahler
- Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Paul-Ehrlich-Str. 51-59, 63225, Langen, Deutschland. .,Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Deutschland.
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The German Baseline Series: Evolution and History of a National BLS. Contact Dermatitis 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-36335-2_65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Horton E, Uter W, Geier J, Ballmer-Weber B, Bauer A, Bircher A, Dickel H, Giménez-Arnau A, Gonçalo M, John SM, Mahler V, Schuttelaar MLA, Simon D, Sanchez-Perez J, Rustemeyer T, Weisshaar E, Wilkinson M. Developing a cosmetic series: Results from the ESSCA network, 2009-2018. Contact Dermatitis 2020; 84:82-94. [PMID: 32845019 DOI: 10.1111/cod.13690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is considerable variability across European patch test centres as to which allergens are included in local and national cosmetics series. OBJECTIVES To propose a standardized, evidence-based cosmetic series for Europe based on up-to-date analysis of relevant contact allergens. METHODS We collated data from the European Surveillance System on Contact Allergies (ESSCA) from 2009 to 2018 to determine which cosmetic allergens produce a high yield of contact allergy. Contact allergens with a prevalence of >0.3% that were considered relevant were included. Rare contact allergens were excluded if deemed no longer relevant or added to a supplemental cosmetic series for further analysis. RESULTS Sensitization prevalences of 39 cosmetic contact allergens were tabulated. Thirty of these allergens yielded >0.3% positive reactions and are therefore included in our proposed European cosmetic series. Six were considered no longer relevant and therefore excluded. Three were included in a supplementary European cosmetic series. An additional nine allergens were included in either the core or supplemental European cosmetic series following literature review. CONCLUSION We have derived a potential European cosmetic series based upon the above methods. This will require ongoing investigation based upon the changing exposure profiles of cosmetic allergens as well as new and evolving substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Horton
- Department of Dermatology, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Wolfgang Uter
- Department of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University of Erlangen/Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Johannes Geier
- Information Network of Departments of Dermatology (IVDK), Institute at the University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Barbara Ballmer-Weber
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Dermatology, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Bauer
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University of Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Andreas Bircher
- Department of Dermatology, Allergy Unit, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Heinrich Dickel
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Ana Giménez-Arnau
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital del Mar, Institut Mar d'Investigacions Mediques, Universitat Autónoma, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Margarida Gonçalo
- Department of Dermatology, Clinic of Dermatology, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Swen Malte John
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Dermatologic Prevention and Rehabilitation (iDerm), University of Osnabruck, Lower Saxony Institute for Occupational Dermatology (NIB), Osnabruck, Germany
| | - Vera Mahler
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, University of Erlangen-Nurnberg, Erlangen, Germany.,Department of Dermatology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany
| | - Marie L A Schuttelaar
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Dagmar Simon
- Department of Dermatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Thomas Rustemeyer
- Department of Dermatology, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Elke Weisshaar
- Occupational Dermatology, Department of Dermatology, Ruprecht-Karls University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mark Wilkinson
- Department of Dermatology, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds, UK
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Pavesi T, Moreira JC. A comprehensive study of nickel levels in everyday items in Brazil. Contact Dermatitis 2020; 83:88-93. [PMID: 32212167 DOI: 10.1111/cod.13534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nickel is a ubiquitous element used in many everyday items. In recent decades nickel has become a leading allergen, which has become a public health problem. OBJECTIVE To evaluate frequently used nickel products in Brazil. We investigated if these objects release nickel that is capable of inducing sensitization or cause clinical manifestations in terms of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD). METHODS Dimethylglyoxime (DMG) spot tests assessed nickel release from several common utensils used in everyday life in São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. RESULTS We tested 46 coins (two denominations) and 90 common utensils. Approximately 91.1% produced nickel-positive results using the DMG spot test. CONCLUSIONS The DMG limit of detection was 1.67 ppm of nickel. We observed that many objects in our test series released nickel above the DMG test limit. This observation suggests that nickel-sensitive individuals may be exposed to nickel, representing a public health issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thelma Pavesi
- Centro de Estudos da Saúde do Trabalhador e Ecologia Humana, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Josino C Moreira
- Centro de Estudos da Saúde do Trabalhador e Ecologia Humana, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Mahler V, Becker D. The German Baseline Series: Evolution and History of a National BLS. Contact Dermatitis 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-72451-5_65-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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