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Supper I, Gratadour J, François M, Jaafari N, Boussageon R. A critical appraisal of acute sore throat guidelines using the AGREE II instrument: a scoping review. Fam Pract 2024; 41:223-233. [PMID: 37318355 DOI: 10.1093/fampra/cmad060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Conflicting international guidelines exist on the management of sore throat by antibiotics. OBJECTIVES To assess with the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II (AGREE) instrument the quality of guidelines for uncomplicated acute group A beta-haemolytic streptococcal (GABHS) sore-throat. To make a sensitivity analysis restricted to guidelines with a rigour of development score higher than 60% and to describe their recommendations on scores, tests, and antibiotic therapy, including their justification. METHODS A guideline literature review of acute GABHS sore throat, published between January 2000 and December 2019 in primary care and secondary care. The PubMed database, the Canadian Medical Association Infobase on Clinical Practice Guidelines and the International Network Guidelines were used. The quality of guidelines was assessed using the AGREE II instrument. The guidelines were classified into 2 categories: high-quality guidelines had to rate >60% for the rigour of development score, the others were classified as low-quality guidelines. RESULTS Significant heterogeneity between the 15 guidelines concerned the scores of the 6 assessment domains. Among them, 6 guidelines presented a score above 60% with regards to the rigor of development domain and used a systematic literature search method, citing meta-analyses of recent randomised clinical trials. Most of the 6 high-quality guidelines no longer recommended the systematic use of diagnostic scores and tests, nor antibiotic therapy to prevent acute rheumatic fever or loco-regional complications, except for high-risk patients. CONCLUSION Major discrepancies emphasise the need for only high-quality guidelines, based on adequately assessed evidence. Restricted antibiotic prescriptions to severe cases or high-risk patients would avoid antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irène Supper
- Department of General Practice, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France
- UCBL, CNRS, UMR 5558, LBBE, EMET, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France
- Maison de Santé Universitaire du pôle de santé des Etats-Unis, Lyon, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France
| | - Johanna Gratadour
- Department of General Practice, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France
| | - Mathilde François
- Universite Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines UFR des sciences de la sante Simone Veil, General Practice, Guyancourt, France
- Centre de recherche en Epidemiologie et Sante des Populations, Villejuif, Île-de-France, France
| | - Nemat Jaafari
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Rémy Boussageon
- Department of General Practice, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France
- UCBL, CNRS, UMR 5558, LBBE, EMET, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France
- Maison de Santé Universitaire du pôle de santé des Etats-Unis, Lyon, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France
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Roventa DLC, Pieper-Fürst U, Acikel C, Santos D, Sent U, Mösges R. Effectiveness and Tolerability of Ectoin ® Mouth and Throat Spray Althaea Honey (ERS09) for Sore Throat due to Acute Pharyngitis and Dry Cough: A Multicentre, Actively Controlled, Open Label Study in Germany. J Clin Med 2023; 12:5813. [PMID: 37762768 PMCID: PMC10531782 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12185813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute pharyngitis can cause sore throat. This multicentre, active-controlled, randomised, open-label, and parallel-group study, conducted according to the German Medical Devices Act, compared the effectiveness and tolerability of ERS09 mouth and throat spray with a well-established device for the treatment of sore throat caused by acute pharyngitis and dry cough. Patients were randomised 1:1 into ERS09/comparator groups (EMSER® Sore Throat Spray) for 7 ± 2 days. Patients and investigators reported effectiveness (change in total symptom score [TSS]) and safety endpoints (incidence of adverse events [AEs]; adverse device effects [ADEs]). A total of 186 patients were included (ERS09: n = 92; comparator: n = 94). The baseline-adjusted mean TSS over 7 days was -90.14 and -74.91 in the ERS09 and comparator groups, respectively (p < 0.05). The majority of patients reached a 50% reduction in symptoms by day 6 (ERS09 = 78.85; comparator = 75.8%). Most patients reported a soothing effect within five minutes (ERS09 = 82%; comparator = 71%). Improvements in individual symptoms were similar with no significant differences between groups; more patients in the ERS09 group reported an improvement in pharyngeal redness/swelling. Three AEs unrelated to medication, one ADE following ERS09, and no serious AE/ADE were reported. ERS09 was as well tolerated and effective as the established device, showing greater improvement in the management of some symptoms and greater patient preference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Don Lorenzo Constantin Roventa
- Institute of Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics (IMSB), Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, 50924 Cologne, Germany;
| | - Ursula Pieper-Fürst
- ClinCompetence Cologne GmbH, Theodor-Heuss-Ring 14, 50668 Cologne, Germany; (U.P.-F.); (C.A.)
| | - Cengizhan Acikel
- ClinCompetence Cologne GmbH, Theodor-Heuss-Ring 14, 50668 Cologne, Germany; (U.P.-F.); (C.A.)
| | - Dunia Santos
- Sanofi, 65926 Frankfurt, Germany; (D.S.); (U.S.)
| | - Ulrike Sent
- Sanofi, 65926 Frankfurt, Germany; (D.S.); (U.S.)
| | - Ralph Mösges
- Institute of Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics (IMSB), Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, 50924 Cologne, Germany;
- ClinCompetence Cologne GmbH, Theodor-Heuss-Ring 14, 50668 Cologne, Germany; (U.P.-F.); (C.A.)
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Kapoor K, Wilhelm D, Neumeister C, Götz MR, Schwantes U, Bleckert G, Gerstenmaier L, Jambrecina A. Treatment of Oropharyngeal Symptoms: A Prospective, Single-Dose, Placebo-Controlled, Randomized Clinical Trial. OPEN ACCESS JOURNAL OF CLINICAL TRIALS 2022. [DOI: 10.2147/oajct.s331883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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De Vocht K, Debie T, Bastiaens H, Anthierens S. The use of paracetamol for first-line treatment of acute sore throat. A descriptive generic qualitative study of GPs and patients. Eur J Gen Pract 2021; 27:60-67. [PMID: 33949255 PMCID: PMC8118443 DOI: 10.1080/13814788.2021.1912730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Paracetamol is recommended as first-line treatment for an acute sore throat. However, in primary care, antibiotics are still frequently prescribed as first-line management for sore throat. Objectives We aimed to explore the views and experiences of general practitioners (GPs) and patients regarding paracetamol for sore throat to understand why guidelines are often not adhered to. Methods A descriptive qualitative study with semi-structured interviews was conducted with a purposive sample of eight GPs and nine patients in Antwerp (Belgium). Data was analysed using thematic content analysis. Results The mean age of GPs was 42.4 years and of patients 51.4 years. Patients want reassurance and pain relief. Many patients do not self-manage their acute sore throat with paracetamol before consulting their GP. GPs often wrongly assume that the patient has already used pain relief without actually exploring this. Patients who do use paracetamol, do not know how to use it effectively. This leads to the perception and beliefs that it is insufficient to treat acute sore throat and when prescribed will lead to dissatisfaction. Patients generally accept the GP’s recommended treatment when given a thorough explanation, since they trust their GP’s expertise. Conclusion GPs play a major role in educating patients about paracetamol as effective pain-relieving treatment in acute sore throat. By actively exploring the patients’ ideas, concerns and expectations (ICE), patients’ satisfaction and guideline adherence could be improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberley De Vocht
- Department of Family Medicine and Population Health, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Tycho Debie
- Department of Family Medicine and Population Health, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Hilde Bastiaens
- Department of Family Medicine and Population Health, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sibyl Anthierens
- Department of Family Medicine and Population Health, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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Coutinho G, Duerden M, Sessa A, Caretta‐Barradas S, Altiner A. Worldwide comparison of treatment guidelines for sore throat. Int J Clin Pract 2021; 75:e13879. [PMCID: PMC7883223 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.13879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Sore throat (acute pharyngitis) is globally one of the most frequent reasons for seeking healthcare. Its etiology is mostly viral. In 15%‐30% of cases, group A streptococci (GAS) are detected, which may cause acute rheumatic fever. We have done a worldwide systematic review to compare diagnostic and therapeutic guidelines across countries and regions. Previous reviews of sore throat guidelines were limited to specific regions and/or language; this is the first global review. Materials and Methods Searches were performed in MEDLINE, EMBASE and COCHRANE (key words: sore throat, pharyngitis, tonsillitis or pharyngotonsillitis, and management, guidance, guideline or recommendation) and on the web sites of major health authorities and associated institutions from Africa, Asia, Europe, Middle East, North America, Oceania and South America. Results Thirty‐six guidelines were identified from 26 countries. Most common are recommendations relying on the symptom‐ and age‐based Centor or McIsaac scores. However, antibiotic treatment may be based on other symptomatic criteria; in the most extreme approach just sore throat in children. The recommendation of GAS‐specific diagnostic tests is mainly limited to countries where such tests are readily available, although some countries choose not to use them. Penicillins are consistently recommended as first‐line antibiotics. By contrast, guidance for symptomatic treatment is variable and mostly sparse or missing. African countries without sore throat guidelines and Asian countries bypassing them are afflicted by rising antibiotic resistance. Conclusion The availability of sore throat guidelines varies considerably by region and country. Moreover, important divergence is found among the guidelines regarding diagnostic and treatment criteria. This may be explained by the historical background or adoption of external guidelines, rather than local incidences of GAS infections or acute rheumatic fever. Absence of recommendations on symptomatic treatment in many guidelines is concerning, and raises issues about antimicrobial stewardship, as this should be the mainstay of sore throat management, rather than antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graça Coutinho
- Global Medical Affairs Lead Respiratory, Reckitt BenckiserLondonUK
| | - Martin Duerden
- Medical AdviserCentre for Medical EducationCardiff University School of MedicineCardiffUK
| | - Aurelio Sessa
- Italian College of General PractitionersFlorenceItaly
| | | | - Attila Altiner
- Institut für AllgemeinmedizinUniversitätsmedizin RostockRostockGermany
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Dao VA, Overhagen S, Bilstein A, Kolot C, Sonnemann U, Mösges R. Ectoine lozenges in the treatment of acute viral pharyngitis: a prospective, active-controlled clinical study. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2019; 276:775-783. [PMID: 30739176 PMCID: PMC6411829 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-019-05324-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Acute pharyngitis is an uncomfortable disorder mostly caused by viruses and for which antibiotics are unwarranted. This study compared lozenges containing ectoine, a natural extremolyte, with hyaluronic acid lozenges and hypertonic saline gargle for symptomatic treatment of acute viral pharyngitis. METHODS This prospective, controlled clinical study, recruited 90 patients with moderate-to-severe pharyngitis symptoms who chose to use either ectoine (n = 35), hyaluronic acid (n = 35), or saline gargle (n = 20). Patients applied their 7-day treatment from the inclusion visit (V1) until the end-of-study visit (V2). Patients' pharyngitis symptoms, general health, general treatment effectiveness and tolerability, and patient compliance were assessed by investigators and patients. RESULTS The sum score for three primary symptoms (pain on swallowing, urge to cough, and hoarseness) decreased by 79.5% (ectoine), 72.2% (hyaluronic acid), and 44.8% (saline gargle). Both lozenges were significantly superior to saline gargle (P < 0.05). Regarding general health improvement, ectoine was significantly superior to saline gargle (72.5% vs. 45.2%, P < 0.05), but hyaluronic acid (63.3%) was not. At V2, 65.7% of patients receiving ectoine reported "very good" general health vs. 48.6% of those receiving hyaluronic acid and 20.0% using saline gargle. Ectoine was significantly superior (P < 0.05) to both hyaluronic acid and saline gargle in terms of tolerability and patient compliance. No patients taking ectoine reported unpleasant sensations while applying their treatment, whereas almost half of patients using hyaluronic acid lozenges and saline gargle did. CONCLUSION Treatment with ectoine lozenges significantly relieves moderate-to-severe symptoms of acute viral pharyngitis and is more effective and tolerable than treatments with hyaluronic acid lozenges and hypertonic saline gargle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van-Anh Dao
- CRI-Clinical Research International Ltd., Cologne, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Uwe Sonnemann
- Private Health Centre, Institute for ENT Elmshorn, Elmshorn, Germany
| | - Ralph Mösges
- CRI-Clinical Research International Ltd., Cologne, Germany
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Abele-Horn M, Pantke E, Eckmanns T. Wege zum fachgerechten und verantwortungsvollen Umgang mit Antibiotika. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 2018; 61:572-579. [DOI: 10.1007/s00103-018-2723-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Weckmann G, Hauptmann-Voß A, Baumeister SE, Klötzer C, Chenot JF. Efficacy of AMC/DCBA lozenges for sore throat: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Clin Pract 2017; 71. [PMID: 28869700 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.13002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lozenges containing Amylmetacresol and 2,4-Dichlorobenzylalcohol (AMC/DCBA, eg Strepsils® ) are marketed as a remedy for acute sore throat. This over-the-counter formulation has antiseptic and local anaesthetic qualities. OBJECTIVES The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of AMC/DCBA for the relief of pain associated with acute uncomplicated sore throat. METHODS A systematic review of Literature was conducted using databases Medline, Embase and Cochrane to identify randomised controlled trials comparing AMC/DCBA against placebo or alternative local treatment options for acute uncomplicated sore throat. An additional hand search was performed. Two reviewers independently assessed citations for relevance, inclusion criteria and risk of bias. Meta-analysis was performed on included trials and standardised mean differences (SMD; dCohen ) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. RESULTS The literature search yielded 77 citations, 3 of which met the inclusion criteria. AMC/DCBA lozenges (0.6 mg Amylmetacresol, 1.2 mg 2, 4-Dichlorobenzylalcohol) were compared with unflavoured, non-medicated lozenges. The AMC/DCBA formulation additionally contained lidocaine in one and flavouring additives in another trial. A total of 660 adults participated in the included trials. Primary outcome was reduction in pain intensity against baseline, 2 hours after intervention compared with placebo group. Fixed effects meta-analysis resulted in a standardised mean difference in pain intensity of -0.6 (-0.75; -0.45) on an 11-point ordinal rating scale, favouring the AMC/DCBA lozenges. Secondary outcomes were sore throat relief, difficulty swallowing and throat numbness. No serious side effects were reported, whereas mild side effects like headache, cough, nasal congestion and irritation of the oral cavity, were reported in up to 16% of subjects in both groups. All included trials were sponsored by a manufacturer of AMC/DCBA containing lozenges. CONCLUSIONS Lozenges with AMC/DCBA can be a safe treatment option to relieve pain in patients with uncomplicated sore throat looking for local treatment options and valuing the modest additional effect compared with non-medicated lozenges. Registration: PROSPERO CRD42015008826.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gesine Weckmann
- Department of General Practice, Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany
| | - Anke Hauptmann-Voß
- Department of General Practice, Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany
| | - Sebastian E Baumeister
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Germany
- Institute for Community Medicine, SHIP/KEF Clinical-Epidemiological Research, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany
| | - Christine Klötzer
- Department of General Practice, Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany
| | - Jean-François Chenot
- Department of General Practice, Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany
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Starostzik C. [More restraint in therapy of tonsillitis]. MMW Fortschr Med 2016; 158 Spec No 1:10-11. [PMID: 27090664 DOI: 10.1007/s15006-016-8086-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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10
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Van Brusselen D, Vlieghe E, Schelstraete P, De Meulder F, Vandeputte C, Garmyn K, Laffut W, Van de Voorde P. Streptococcal pharyngitis in children: to treat or not to treat? Eur J Pediatr 2014; 173:1275-83. [PMID: 25113742 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-014-2395-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2014] [Revised: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 07/31/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Controversy remains about the need for antibiotic therapy of group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis in high-resource settings. Guidelines on the management of GAS pharyngitis differ considerably, especially in children. We performed a literature search on the diagnosis and treatment of GAS pharyngitis in children and compared different guidelines with current epidemiology and the available evidence on management. Some European guidelines only recommend antibiotic treatment in certain high-risk patients, while many other, including all American, still advise antimicrobial treatment for all children with GAS pharyngitis, given the severity and re-emerging incidence of complications. Empirical antimicrobial treatment in children with sore throat and a high clinical suspicion of GAS pharyngitis will still result in significant overtreatment of nonstreptococcal pharyngitis. This is costly and leads to emerging antibiotic resistance. Early differential diagnosis between viral and GAS pharyngitis, by means of a 'rapid antigen detection test' (RADT) and/or a throat culture, is therefore needed if 'pro treatment' guidelines are used. CONCLUSION Large scale randomized controlled trials are necessary to assess the value of antibiotics for GAS pharyngitis in high-resource countries, in order to achieve uniform and evidence-based guidelines. The severity and the possibly increasing incidence of complications in school-aged children suggests that testing and treating proven GAS pharyngitis can still be beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daan Van Brusselen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium,
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Chenot JF, Weber P, Friede T. Efficacy of Ambroxol lozenges for pharyngitis: a meta-analysis. BMC FAMILY PRACTICE 2014; 15:45. [PMID: 24621446 PMCID: PMC3975147 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2296-15-45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2012] [Accepted: 03/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background Ambroxol has a local anaesthetic action and is marketed for pain relief for sore throat. The objective is to examine the efficacy and safety of ambroxol for the relief of pain associated with acute uncomplicated sore throat. Methods A systematic review of the literature and meta-analysis. Selection criteria consisted of randomized controlled trials which compared ambroxol to placebo or any other treatment for sore throat. Two reviewers independently assessed for relevance, inclusion, and risk of bias. Weighted mean differences (WMDs) were calculated and are reported with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results and conclusion From 14 potentially relevant citations, five trials reported in three publications met the inclusion criteria, three of them were published twice. Ambroxol lozenges were compared in different dosages (5–30 mg) with mint flavoured lozenges and once with benzocaine. Main outcome was a ratio of pain reduction measured repeatedly over 3 h compared to baseline on 6-item verbal rating scale. A total of 1.772 adult patients participated in the trials. Pain intensity decreased in both study arms. A meta-analysis of the 5 controlled trials resulted in a difference in pain reduction compared to placebo of -0.11 (95% CI [-0.15, -0.07]; p < 0.0001) favouring ambroxol 20 mg. Quality of reporting of the studies was low. Ambroxol is slightly more effective in relieving pain in acute sore throat than mint flavoured lozenges over a period of 3 h. However, the additional benefits of ambroxol beyond three hours, remain unclear given that more than 50% of patients using mint flavoured lozenges for pain relief reported good or very good efficacy after 1 day compared to 69% with ambroxol. Ambroxol is a safe option for individual patients with mainly local symptoms asking for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-François Chenot
- Department of General Practice, University Medicine Greifswald, Ellernholzstr, 1-2, 17487 Greifswald, Germany.
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AbuKaraky AE, Afifeh KA, Khatib AA, Khdairi NO, Habarneh HM, Ahmad WKH, Hamdan AAS, Sawair FA. Antibiotics prescribing practices in oral implantology among jordanian dentists. A cross sectional, observational study. BMC Res Notes 2011; 4:266. [PMID: 21798040 PMCID: PMC3160395 DOI: 10.1186/1756-0500-4-266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2011] [Accepted: 07/28/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In oral implantology, there is no consensus on the most appropriate regimen for antibiotics prescribing, the decision to prescribe antibiotic is usually based on procedure, patient and clinician related factors. The aim of this study was to investigate the rationale of antibiotic prescribing among Jordanian clinicians who practice oral implantology. FINDINGS The target sample for the study was the 250 Jordan Dental Implant Group members. A five page questionnaire contained 41 questions, both closed and open questions were used to collect data. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS Windows 16.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Descriptive statistics were generated.The response rate was (70.4%) 176/250. Mean age was 37.2 yrs, 49.4% always prescribe antibiotics mainly oral amoxicillin and amoxicillin with clavulinic acid. Antibiotics prescribing increased with flap raising, multiple implants and sinus or bone augmentation. Patient medical condition, periodontitis and oral hygiene were the most important clinical factors in antibiotic prescribing, non-clinical factors were; reading scientific materials, courses and lectures, knowledge gained during training, and the effectiveness and previous experience with the drug. CONCLUSIONS Wide variations in antibiotics types, routes, dose and duration of administration were found. Recommendations on antibiotic prescribing are needed to prevent antibiotic overprescribing and misuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashraf E AbuKaraky
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | | | - Adel A Khatib
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | | | | | - Waleed KH Ahmad
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Ahmad AS Hamdan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Faleh A Sawair
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
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