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Wei R, Zhang W, Yang F, Li Q, Wang Q, Liu N, Zhu J, Shan Y. Dual targeting non-overlapping epitopes in HER2 domain IV substantially enhanced HER2/HER2 homodimers and HER2/EGFR heterodimers internalization leading to potent antitumor activity in HER2-positive human gastric cancer. J Transl Med 2024; 22:641. [PMID: 38982548 PMCID: PMC11232313 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05453-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trastuzumab and pertuzumab combination has been approved for the treatment of patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer. However, trastuzumab and pertuzumab combination did not show improvement in overall survival in patients with HER2-positive metastatic gastric cancer. METHODS We developed a new HER2-targeted monoclonal antibody, HLX22, targeting HER2 subdomain IV as trastuzumab but with non-overlapping epitopes. We examined the antitumor effects of this novel HER2-antibody in gastric cell lines and cell line-derived xenograft (CDX) and patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models. RESULTS HLX22 in combination with HLX02 (trastuzumab biosimilar) induced enhancement of HER2/HER2 homodimers and HER2/EGFR heterodimers internalization, which ultimately led to the reduction in signal transductions involving STAT3, P70 S6, and AKT; gene expressions of FGF-FGFR-PI3K-MTOR, EGF-EGFR-RAS, TGF-β-SMAD, PLCG and cell cycle progression related pathways that favor tumor development, proliferation, progression, migration and survival in gastric cancer cell line NCI-N87 were also reduced. These differing but complementary actions contributed to the synergistic antitumor efficacy of the HLX22 and HLX02 combination in gastric cancer cell lines, CDX and PDX. In addition, HLX22 in combination with HLX02 demonstrated stronger antitumor efficacy than HLX02 and HLX11 (a potential pertuzumab biosimilar) combination treatment both in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSIONS These results suggested that the application of non-competing antibodies HLX22 and HLX02 targeting HER2 subdomain IV together may be of substantial benefit to gastric cancer patients who currently respond suboptimal to trastuzumab therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruicheng Wei
- Shanghai Henlius Biotech, Inc, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Wenli Zhang
- Shanghai Henlius Biotech, Inc, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Futang Yang
- Shanghai Henlius Biotech, Inc, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Qianhao Li
- Shanghai Henlius Biotech, Inc, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Qingyu Wang
- Shanghai Henlius Biotech, Inc, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Ningshu Liu
- Global R&D Center, Shanghai Fosun Pharmaceutical (Group) Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 200233, China.
| | - Jun Zhu
- Shanghai Henlius Biotech, Inc, Shanghai, 200233, China.
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2
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Dabkowski TR, Varkhedi M, Song JJ, Gozlan EC, Blanck G. Neuroblastoma and Glioblastoma Cases With Amplified Oncogenes Have Reduced Numbers of Tumor-Resident Adaptive Immune Receptor Recombinations. JCO Precis Oncol 2023; 7:e2300057. [PMID: 38085056 DOI: 10.1200/po.23.00057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE In certain cancers, oncogene amplification is correlated with an immunologically cold or noninflamed, tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) and a worse prognosis, for example, in the case of MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma (NBL). However, for other cancer types, the relationship between oncogene amplification and immune response is more complicated or unresolved. One such cancer is glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), in which the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) oncogene is commonly amplified. Unlike MYCN-amplified NBL, EGFR-amplified GBM has not been shown to correlate with a distinct survival probability. METHODS Given this contrasting state for NBL and GBM, we sought to apply a genomics approach to evaluating the immune response for cases with gene amplification. RESULTS Our results confirmed and added further specificity to the cold TIME of MYCN-amplified NBL. Moreover, we demonstrated a novel state of immunologically cold EGFR-amplified GBM tumors. CONCLUSION This approach to using copy number variation and immune receptor recombination read recovery levels to assess gene amplification and TIME, respectively, may be particularly efficient for the rapid evaluation of many other cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toriana R Dabkowski
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL
| | - Mallika Varkhedi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL
| | - Joanna J Song
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL
| | - Etienne C Gozlan
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL
| | - George Blanck
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL
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3
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Choi JDW, Hughes TMD, Marx G, Rutovitz J, Hasovits C, Ngui NK. Pathological outcomes of HER2‐positive non‐metastatic breast cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant dual anti‐HER2 therapy and taxane: An Australian experience. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol 2019; 16:103-107. [DOI: 10.1111/ajco.13178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Do Woong Choi
- Division of SurgerySydney Adventist Hospital Sydney New South Wales Australia
- Sydney Adventist Hospital Clinical SchoolThe University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Thomas Michael D. Hughes
- Division of SurgerySydney Adventist Hospital Sydney New South Wales Australia
- Sydney Adventist Hospital Clinical SchoolThe University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia
- Breast Multidisciplinary TeamSydney Adventist Hospital Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Gavin Marx
- Sydney Adventist Hospital Clinical SchoolThe University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia
- Department of Medical OncologySydney Adventist Hospital Sydney New South Wales Australia
- Breast Multidisciplinary TeamSydney Adventist Hospital Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Josie Rutovitz
- Department of Medical OncologySydney Adventist Hospital Sydney New South Wales Australia
- Breast Multidisciplinary TeamSydney Adventist Hospital Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Csilla Hasovits
- Department of Medical OncologySydney Adventist Hospital Sydney New South Wales Australia
- Breast Multidisciplinary TeamSydney Adventist Hospital Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Nicholas K. Ngui
- Division of SurgerySydney Adventist Hospital Sydney New South Wales Australia
- Sydney Adventist Hospital Clinical SchoolThe University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia
- Breast Multidisciplinary TeamSydney Adventist Hospital Sydney New South Wales Australia
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4
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Nami B, Maadi H, Wang Z. Mechanisms Underlying the Action and Synergism of Trastuzumab and Pertuzumab in Targeting HER2-Positive Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:cancers10100342. [PMID: 30241301 PMCID: PMC6210751 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10100342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER) 2 (HER2) is overexpressed in 20⁻30% of breast cancers. HER2 is a preferred target for treating HER2-positive breast cancer. Trastuzumab and pertuzumab are two HER2-targeted monoclonal antibodies approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to use as adjuvant therapy in combination with docetaxel to treat metastatic HER2-positive breast cancer. Adding the monoclonal antibodies to treatment regimen has changed the paradigm for treatment of HER2-positive breast cancer. Despite improving outcomes, the percentage of the patients who benefit from the treatment is still low. Continued research and development of novel agents and strategies of drug combinations is needed. A thorough understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the action and synergism of trastuzumab and pertuzumab is essential for moving forward to achieve high efficacy in treating HER2-positive breast cancer. This review examined and analyzed findings and hypotheses regarding the action and synergism of trastuzumab and pertuzumab and proposed a model of synergism based on available information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babak Nami
- Signal Transduction Research Group, Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada.
| | - Hamid Maadi
- Signal Transduction Research Group, Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada.
| | - Zhixiang Wang
- Signal Transduction Research Group, Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada.
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Iris F, Beopoulos A, Gea M. How scientific literature analysis yields innovative therapeutic hypothesis through integrative iterations. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2018; 42:62-70. [PMID: 30092386 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2018.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
It is becoming generally accepted that the current diagnostic system often guarantees, rather than diminishes, disease heterogeneity. In effects, syndrome-dominated conceptual thinking has become a barrier to understanding the biological causes of complex, multifactorial diseases characterized by clinical and therapeutic heterogeneity. Furthermore, not only is the flood of currently available medical and biological information highly heterogeneous, it is also often conflicting. Together with the entire absence of functional models of pathogenesis and pathological evolution of complex diseases, this leads to a situation where illness activity cannot be coherently approached and where therapeutic developments become highly problematic. Acquisition of the necessary knowledge can be obtained, in parts, using in silico models produced through analytical approaches and processes collectively known as `Systems Biology'. However, without analytical approaches that specifically incorporate the facts that all that is called `information' is not necessarily useful nor utilisable and that all information should be considered as a priori suspect, modelling attempts will fail because of the much too numerous conflicting and, although correct in molecular terms, physiologically invalid reports. In the present essay, we suggest means whereby this body of problems could be functionally attacked and describe new analytical approaches that have demonstrated their efficacy in alleviating these difficulties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francois Iris
- Bio-Modeling Systems, Tour CIT, 3 Rue de l'Arrivée, 75015, Paris, France.
| | | | - Manuel Gea
- Bio-Modeling Systems, Tour CIT, 3 Rue de l'Arrivée, 75015, Paris, France
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Regulation of ErbB2 localization and function in breast cancer cells by ERM proteins. Oncotarget 2018; 7:25443-60. [PMID: 27029001 PMCID: PMC5041916 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The ERM protein family is implicated in processes such as signal transduction, protein trafficking, cell proliferation and migration. Consequently, dysregulation of ERM proteins has been described to correlate with carcinogenesis of different cancer types. However, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate a novel functional interaction between ERM proteins and the ErbB2 receptor tyrosine kinase in breast cancer cells. We show that the ERM proteins ezrin and radixin are associated with ErbB2 receptors at the plasma membrane, and depletion or functional inhibition of ERM proteins destabilizes the interaction of ErbB2 with ErbB3, Hsp90 and Ebp50. Accompanied by the dissociation of this protein complex, binding of ErbB2 to the ubiquitin-ligase c-Cbl is increased, and ErbB2 becomes dephosphorylated, ubiquitinated and internalized. Furthermore, signaling via Akt- and Erk-mediated pathways is impaired upon ERM inhibition. Finally, interference with ERM functionality leads to receptor degradation and reduced cellular levels of ErbB2 and ErbB3 receptors in breast cancer cells.
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7
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Chen G, He M, Yin Y, Yan T, Cheng W, Huang Z, Zhang L, Zhang H, Liu P, Zhu W, Zhu Y. miR-1296-5p decreases ERBB2 expression to inhibit the cell proliferation in ERBB2-positive breast cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2017; 17:95. [PMID: 29089858 PMCID: PMC5655974 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-017-0466-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The tumor suppressive role of miR-1296 is observed in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, the effect of miR-1296-5p in ERBB2-positive breast cancers remains obscure. METHODS Whether ERBB2 was the target gene of the miR-1296-5p was predicted by online software, and determined by dual-luciferase activity assay. miR-1296-5p expression levels were determined in breast cancer samples (114 breast cancer tissues and 30 adjacent normal tissues) by using qRT-PCR. The effect of miR-1296-5p and inhibition of ERBB2/mTORC1 signaling on the downstream target was assessed by Western blot. SK-BR-3 and BT-474 breast cancer cell line was transfected with miR-1296-5p mimic after which cell proliferation and apoptosis were determined by the clonogenic assay and the flow cytometry system, respectively. In addition, the chemotherapeutic drug sensitivity of SK-BR-3 and BT-474 cells transfected with miR-1296-5p mimic were determined by MTT assay. RESULTS The luciferase assay carrying ERBB2 3'-untranslated region-based reporters expressed in SK-BR-3 and BT-474 cells suggested that ERBB2 was the target gene of miR-1296-5p. MiR-1296-5p was significantly decreased in breast cancer tissues compared to adjacent normal tissues. Moreover, it was declined in ERBB2-positive breast cancer samples compared with that in ERBB2-negative breast cancer tissues. Overexpressed miR-1296-5p reduced its target protein level and mTORC1/S6 activation, inhibited the proliferation of ERBB2-positive breast cancer cells and sensitized these cells to cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil-induced apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that miR-1296-5p is involved in the regulation of proliferation in breast cancer cells via targeting ERBB2/mTORC1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Chen
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029 People's Republic of China.,Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029 People's Republic of China
| | - Mingfeng He
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029 People's Republic of China
| | - Yin Yin
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029 China
| | - Ting Yan
- Safety Assessment and Research Center for Drug, Pesticide and Veterinary Drug of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166 People's Republic of China
| | - Wenfang Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029 People's Republic of China
| | - Zebo Huang
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029 People's Republic of China
| | - Lan Zhang
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029 People's Republic of China
| | - Huo Zhang
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029 People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Liu
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029 People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029 People's Republic of China
| | - Yichao Zhu
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166 People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166 People's Republic of China
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8
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miR 1296-5p Inhibits the Migration and Invasion of Gastric Cancer Cells by Repressing ERBB2 Expression. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0170298. [PMID: 28099468 PMCID: PMC5242522 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The metastasis of gastric cancer, one of the most common tumors, has a molecular mechanism that is still largely unclear. Here we investigated the role of possible tumor-suppressor miR-1296-5p in the cell migration and invasion of ERBB2-positive gastric cancer. It found that miR-1296-5p was significantly down-regulated in gastric cancer tissues. Moreover, it was down-regulated in lymph node metastatic gastric cancer tissues compared with non-metastatic gastric cancer tissues. The luciferase activity of ERBB2 3'-untranslated region-based reporters constructed in SNU-216 and NUGC-4 gastric cancer cells suggested that ERBB2 was the target gene of miR-1296-5p. Overexpressed miR-1296-5p reduced its target protein level and Rac1 activation, and inhibited the migration and invasion of SNU-216 and NUGC-4 gastric cancer cells. MiR-1296-5p was down-regulated in ERBB2-positive gastric cancer tissues compared with ERBB2-negative gastric cancer tissues. In ERBB2-positive gastric cancers, the miR-1296-5p expression was suppressed in a majority of metastatic lymph node tissues compared to non-metastatic gastric cancer samples. The migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells was inhibited by miR-1296-5p overexpression or herceptin treatment, and rescued by the overexpression of constitutively active Rac1-Q61L or ERBB2. Taken together, our findings first suggest that miR-1296-5p might be involved in the regulation on the migration and invasion of human gastric cancer cells at least in part via targeting ERBB2/Rac1 signaling pathway.
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Ebbing EA, Medema JP, Damhofer H, Meijer SL, Krishnadath KK, van Berge Henegouwen MI, Bijlsma MF, van Laarhoven HWM. ADAM10-mediated release of heregulin confers resistance to trastuzumab by activating HER3. Oncotarget 2016; 7:10243-54. [PMID: 26863569 PMCID: PMC4891117 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Receptor tyrosine kinases of the HER-family are involved in the development and progression of multiple epithelial tumors, and have consequently become widely used targets for new anti-cancer therapies. Trastuzumab, an antibody against HER2, has shown potent growth inhibitory effects on HER2 overexpressing tumors, including gastro-esophageal cancer, however, resistance to this therapy is inevitable. Unfortunately, a paucity of data on the cellular mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapeutic agents exists in esophageal adenocarcinoma. Using primary established HER2-overexpressing cultures and patient-derived xenograft models, we now reveal a novel resistance mechanism to trastuzumab in esophageal cancer: In response to trastuzumab, both HER3 and the metalloprotease ADAM10 are simultaneously upregulated. The proteolytic activity of the latter then releases the HER3 ligand heregulin from the cell surface to activate HER3 and confer resistance to trastuzumab by inducing compensatory growth factor receptor signaling. Blocking either HER3 or ADAM10 effectively reverts the acquired resistance to trastuzumab. Our data thus provide strategies to inhibit this signaling and circumvent resistance to trastuzumab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva A Ebbing
- Laboratory for Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Medical Oncology, Academic Medical Center, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Paul Medema
- Laboratory for Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Cancer Genomics Center, Academic Medical Center, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Helene Damhofer
- Laboratory for Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sybren L Meijer
- Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kausilia K Krishnadath
- Laboratory for Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Academic Medical Center, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Maarten F Bijlsma
- Laboratory for Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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10
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Bromelain-Functionalized Multiple-Wall Lipid-Core Nanocapsules: Formulation, Chemical Structure and Antiproliferative Effect Against Human Breast Cancer Cells (MCF-7). Pharm Res 2016; 34:438-452. [PMID: 27981451 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-016-2074-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was conducted a promising approach to surface functionalization developed for lipid-core nanocapsules and the merit to pursue new strategies to treat solid tumors. METHODS Bromelain-functionalized multiple-wall lipid-core nanocapsules (Bro-MLNC-Zn) were produced by self-assembling following three steps of interfacial reactions. Physicochemical and structural characteristics, in vitro proteolytic activity (casein substrate) and antiproliferative activity (breast cancer cells, MCF-7) were determined. RESULTS Bro-MLNC-Zn had z-average diameter of 135 nm and zeta potential of +23 mV. The complex is formed by a Zn-N chemical bond and a chelate with hydroxyl and carboxyl groups. Bromelain complexed at the nanocapsule surface maintained its proteolytic activity and showed anti-proliferative effect against human breast cancer cells (MCF-7) (72.6 ± 1.2% at 1.250 μg mL-1 and 65.5 ± 5.5% at 0.625 μg mL-1). Comparing Bro-MLNC-Zn and bromelain solution, the former needed a dose 160-folds lower than the latter for a similar effect. Tripan blue dye assay corroborated the results. CONCLUSIONS The surface functionalization approach produced an innovative formulation having a much higher anti-proliferative effect than the bromelain solution, even though both in vitro proteolytic activity were similar, opening up a great opportunity for further studies in nanomedicine.
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Gogas H, Kotoula V, Alexopoulou Z, Christodoulou C, Kostopoulos I, Bobos M, Raptou G, Charalambous E, Tsolaki E, Xanthakis I, Pentheroudakis G, Koutras A, Bafaloukos D, Papakostas P, Aravantinos G, Psyrri A, Petraki K, Kalogeras KT, Pectasides D, Fountzilas G. MYC copy gain, chromosomal instability and PI3K activation as potential markers of unfavourable outcome in trastuzumab-treated patients with metastatic breast cancer. J Transl Med 2016; 14:136. [PMID: 27184134 PMCID: PMC4869295 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-016-0883-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is an unmet need for more efficient patient stratification for receiving trastuzumab in the metastatic breast cancer (mBC) setting, since only part of such patients benefit from the addition of this agent to chemotherapy. The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic value of biomarkers including MYC and MET in mBC patients treated with trastuzumab-based regimens. METHODS mBC patients, locally tested as HER2-positive, treated with trastuzumab and chemotherapy between 1998 and 2010 were evaluated. Paraffin tumors (n = 229) were retrospectively centrally assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) for HER2, ER, PgR and Ki67; fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for HER2, TOP2A and centromere (CEN) 17, MYC and CEN8, MET and CEN7; qPCR for MYC, MET copy number (CN); and, for PI3K activation (PIK3CA mutations; PTEN and phospho-mTOR protein expression). Increased CEN CN was assessed based on normal cut-offs. Time to progression (TTP) and survival were evaluated from the initiation of trastuzumab as first line treatment. RESULTS Among all tumors, 90 were HER2-negative upon central testing (ambiguous HER2) and the rest were true HER2-positive. Further, 156 patients presented with mBC upon relapse of pre-treated disease (R-mBC) and 65 were diagnosed at stage IV (de novo mBC). Concordance between FISH and qPCR on gene CN status was fair for MYC (Kappa = 0.458) and absent for MET. The presence of MYC CN gain with qPCR and the absence of PI3K activation were infrequent events (7 and 8 % of evaluable tumors, respectively), while 41 % of tumors had increased CEN CN in one or more chromosomes, indicative of chromosomal instability. The most consistent finding in the entire cohort and in the above patient subgroups with respect to outcome was the unfavourable effect of MYC CN gain, which was retained upon multivariable analysis (e.g., survival in the entire cohort, HR 6.02; 95 % CI 2.67-13.6; p < 0.001). Further unfavourable prognosticators were increased CEN CN in one chromosome in R-mBC but not in de novo mBC (multivariable interaction p = 0.048), PI3K activation in R-mBC (multivariable p = 0.004) and increased Ki67 for patient TTP. CONCLUSIONS MYC gene copies, centromere status and PI3K activation may adversely impact trastuzumab treated mBC patient outcome and seem worthy validating in larger series.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Gogas
- First Department of Medicine, Laiko General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece.
| | - Vassiliki Kotoula
- Department of Pathology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki School of Medicine, Thessaloniki, Greece.,Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Hellenic Foundation for Cancer Research/Aristotle University of Thessaloniki School of Medicine, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Zoi Alexopoulou
- Department of Biostatistics, Health Data Specialists Ltd, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Ioannis Kostopoulos
- Department of Pathology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki School of Medicine, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Mattheos Bobos
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Hellenic Foundation for Cancer Research/Aristotle University of Thessaloniki School of Medicine, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Georgia Raptou
- Department of Pathology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki School of Medicine, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Elpida Charalambous
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Hellenic Foundation for Cancer Research/Aristotle University of Thessaloniki School of Medicine, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Eleftheria Tsolaki
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Hellenic Foundation for Cancer Research/Aristotle University of Thessaloniki School of Medicine, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ioannis Xanthakis
- Department of Medical Oncology, Papageorgiou Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki School of Medicine, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Angelos Koutras
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, University Hospital, University of Patras Medical School, Patras, Greece
| | | | | | - Gerasimos Aravantinos
- Second Department of Medical Oncology, Agii Anargiri Cancer Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Amanda Psyrri
- Division of Oncology, Second Department of Internal Medicine, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Konstantine T Kalogeras
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Hellenic Foundation for Cancer Research/Aristotle University of Thessaloniki School of Medicine, Thessaloniki, Greece.,Translational Research Section, Hellenic Cooperative Oncology Group, Data Office, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Pectasides
- Oncology Section, Second Department of Internal Medicine, Hippokration Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - George Fountzilas
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Hellenic Foundation for Cancer Research/Aristotle University of Thessaloniki School of Medicine, Thessaloniki, Greece.,Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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12
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Approximately twenty to thirty percent of newly diagnosed breast cancers are human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) positive. The use of trastuzumab, and more recently pertuzumab, has significantly improved the progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in this patient population. However, pertuzumab has side effects that can impact treatment tolerability and quality of life. AREAS COVERED This review describes the safety and tolerability of pertuzumab, a monoclonal antibody targeted at HER2 approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use in the neoadjuvant and first line metastatic settings. EXPERT OPINION The combination of trastuzumab, pertuzumab, and chemotherapy is approved in the neoadjuvant and first line metastatic settings and should be strongly considered by providers. Further studies are needed to look at side effect prevention, novel pertuzumab containing regimens, and re-treating patients with pertuzumab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Gao
- a Department of Medical Oncology Service , National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH) , Bethesda , MD , USA
| | - Sandra M Swain
- b Washington Cancer Institute, MedStar Washington Hospital Center , Washington , DC , USA
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McHale AP, Callan JF, Nomikou N, Fowley C, Callan B. Sonodynamic Therapy: Concept, Mechanism and Application to Cancer Treatment. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 880:429-50. [PMID: 26486350 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-22536-4_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) represents an emerging approach that offers the possibility of non-invasively eradicating solid tumors in a site-directed manner. It involves the sensitization of target tissues with a non-toxic sensitizing chemical agent and subsequent exposure of the sensitized tissues to relatively low-intensity ultrasound. Essentially, both aspects (the sensitization and ultrasound exposure) are harmless, and cytotoxic events occur when both are combined. Due to the significant depth that ultrasound penetrates tissue, the approach provides an advantage over similar alternative approaches, such as photodynamic therapy (PDT), in which less penetrating light is employed to provide the cytotoxic effect in sensitized tissues. This suggests that sonodynamic therapy may find wider clinical application, particularly for the non-invasive treatment of less accessible lesions. Early SDT-based approaches employed many of the sensitizers used in PDT, although the manner in which ultrasound activates the sensitizer differs from activation events in PDT. Here we will review the currently accepted mechanisms by which ultrasound activates sensitizers to elicit cytotoxic effects. In addition, we will explore the breath of evidence from in-vitro and in-vivo SDT-based studies, providing the reader with an insight into the therapeutic potential offered by SDT in the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony P McHale
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ulster, Coleraine, Co. Derry, BT2 1SA, UK
| | - John F Callan
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ulster, Coleraine, Co. Derry, BT2 1SA, UK.
| | - Nikolitsa Nomikou
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, 4th Floor, 67-73 Riding House St, London, W1W 7EJ, England, UK
| | - Colin Fowley
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ulster, Coleraine, Co. Derry, BT2 1SA, UK
| | - Bridgeen Callan
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ulster, Coleraine, Co. Derry, BT2 1SA, UK
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Miura T, Nagamune T, Kawahara M. Ligand-inducible dimeric antibody for selecting antibodies against a membrane protein based on mammalian cell proliferation. Biotechnol Bioeng 2015; 113:1113-23. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.25858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Revised: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Miura
- Department of Bioengineering; Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo; Tokyo Japan
| | - Teruyuki Nagamune
- Department of Bioengineering; Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo; Tokyo Japan
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology; Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo; 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku; Tokyo 113-8656 Japan
| | - Masahiro Kawahara
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology; Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo; 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku; Tokyo 113-8656 Japan
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Anastasi S, Lamberti D, Alemà S, Segatto O. Regulation of the ErbB network by the MIG6 feedback loop in physiology, tumor suppression and responses to oncogene-targeted therapeutics. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2015; 50:115-24. [PMID: 26456277 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2015.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The ErbB signaling network instructs the execution of key cellular programs, such as cell survival, proliferation and motility, through the generation of robust signals of defined strength and duration. In contrast, unabated ErbB signaling disrupts tissue homeostasis and leads to cell transformation. Cells oppose the threat inherent in excessive ErbB activity through several mechanisms of negative feedback regulation. Inducible feedback inhibitors (IFIs) are expressed in the context of transcriptional responses triggered by ErbB signaling, thus being uniquely suited to regulate ErbB activity during the execution of complex cellular programs. This review focuses on MIG6, an IFI that restrains ErbB signaling by mediating ErbB kinase suppression and receptor down-regulation. We will review key issues in MIG6 function, regulation and tumor suppressor activity. Subsequently, the role for MIG6 loss in the pathogenesis of tumors driven by ErbB oncogenes as well as in the generation of cellular addiction to ErbB signaling will be discussed. We will conclude by analyzing feedback inhibition by MIG6 in the context of therapies directed against ErbB and non-ErbB oncogenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Anastasi
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, via E. Chianesi, 53, 00144 Rome, Italy.
| | - Dante Lamberti
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, via E. Chianesi, 53, 00144 Rome, Italy.
| | - Stefano Alemà
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, CNR, 00016 Monterotondo, Italy.
| | - Oreste Segatto
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, via E. Chianesi, 53, 00144 Rome, Italy.
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