1
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Jiang P, Zhu X, Jiang Y, Li H, Luo Q. Targeting JUNB to modulate M2 macrophage polarization in preeclampsia. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167194. [PMID: 38663490 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/17/2024]
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is a complex disorder affecting pregnant women, leading to significant maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Understanding the cellular dynamics and molecular mechanisms underlying PE is crucial for developing effective therapeutic strategies. This study utilized single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to delineate the cellular landscape of the placenta in PE, identifying 11 distinct cell subpopulations, with macrophages playing a pivotal role in mediating cell-cell communication. Specifically, the transcription factor JUNB was found to be a key gene in macrophages from PE samples, influencing the interaction between macrophages and both epithelial and endothelial cells. Functional experiments indicated that interference with JUNB expression promoted macrophage polarization towards an M2 phenotype, which facilitated trophoblast invasion, migration, and angiogenesis. Mechanistically, JUNB regulated the MIIP/PI3K/AKT pathway, as evidenced by gene expression analysis following JUNB knockdown. The study further demonstrated that targeting JUNB could activate the PI3K/AKT pathway by transcriptionally activating MIIP, thus promoting M2 polarization and potentially delaying the onset of PE. These findings present new insights into the pathogenesis of PE and suggest a novel therapeutic approach by modulating macrophage polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyue Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, PR China
| | - Xiaojun Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, PR China
| | - Ying Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, PR China
| | - Hetong Li
- Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, PR China
| | - Qiong Luo
- Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, PR China.
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2
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Gupta A, Avadhanula S, Bashyam MD. Evaluation of the gene fusion landscape in early onset sporadic rectal cancer reveals association with chromatin architecture and genome stability. Oncogene 2024; 43:2449-2462. [PMID: 38937601 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-024-03088-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Gene fusions represent a distinct class of structural variants identified frequently in cancer genomes across cancer types. Several gene fusions exhibit gain of oncogenic function and thus have been the focus of development of efficient targeted therapies. However, investigation of fusion landscape in early-onset sporadic rectal cancer, a poorly studied colorectal cancer subtype prevalent in developing countries, has not been performed. Here, we present a comprehensive landscape of gene fusions in EOSRC and CRC using patient derived tumor samples and data from The Cancer Genome Atlas, respectively. Gene Ontology analysis revealed enrichment of unique biological process terms associated with 5'- and 3'- fusion partner genes. Extensive network analysis highlighted genes exhibiting significant promiscuity in fusion formation and their association with chromosome fragile sites. Investigation of fusion formation in the context of global chromatin architecture unraveled a novel mode of gene activation that arose from fusion between genes located in orthogonal chromatin compartments. The study provides novel evidence linking fusions to genome stability and architecture and unearthed a hitherto unidentified mode of gene activation in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmita Gupta
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Hyderabad, India
| | - Sumedha Avadhanula
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Hyderabad, India
| | - Murali Dharan Bashyam
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Hyderabad, India.
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3
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George SA, Kotapalli V, Ramaswamy P, Kumar R, Gowrishankar S, Uppin SG, Bashyam MD. Novel oncogenic transcriptional targets of mutant p53 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. J Cell Biochem 2024; 125:e30534. [PMID: 38358025 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Missense mutations in the DNA binding domain of p53 are observed frequently in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Recent studies have revealed the potentially oncogenic transcriptional networks regulated by mutant p53 proteins. However, majority of these studies have focused on common "hotspot" p53 mutations while rarer mutations are poorly characterized. In this study, we report the characterization of rare, "non-hotspot" p53 mutations from ESCC. In vitro tumorigenic assays performed following ectopic-expression of certain "non-hotspot" mutant p53 proteins caused enhancement of oncogenic properties in squamous carcinoma cell lines. Genome-wide transcript profiling of ESCC tumor samples stratified for p53 status, revealed several genes exhibiting elevated transcript levels in tumors harboring mutant p53. Of these, ARF6, C1QBP, and TRIM23 were studied further. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) performed on RNA isolated from ESCC tumors revealed significant correlation of TP53 transcript levels with those of the three target genes. Ectopic expression of wild-type and several mutant p53 forms followed by RT-qPCR, chromatin affinity-purification (ChAP), and promoter-luciferase assays indicated the exclusive recruitment of p53 mutants-P190T and P278L, to the target genes leading to the activation of expression. Several functional assays following knockdown of the target genes revealed a significant suppression of tumorigenicity in squamous carcinoma cell lines. Rescue experiments confirmed the specificity of the knockdown. The tumorigenic effects of the genes were confirmed in nude mice xenograft assays. This study has therefore identified novel oncogenic targets of "non-hotspot" mutant p53 proteins relevant for ESCC besides validating the functional heterogeneity of the spectrum of tumor-specific p53 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara A George
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
- Graduate Studies, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Viswakalyan Kotapalli
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Pandilla Ramaswamy
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Raju Kumar
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
- Graduate Studies, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | | | | | - Murali D Bashyam
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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4
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Marx O, Mankarious M, Yochum G. Molecular genetics of early-onset colorectal cancer. World J Biol Chem 2023; 14:13-27. [PMID: 37034132 PMCID: PMC10080548 DOI: 10.4331/wjbc.v14.i2.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Early-onset colorectal cancer (EOCRC) has been rising in global prevalence and incidence over the past several decades. Environmental influences, including generational lifestyle changes and rising obesity, contribute to these increased rates. While the rise in EOCRC is best documented in western countries, it is seen throughout the world, although EOCRC may have distinct genetic mutations in patients of different ethnic backgrounds. Pathological and molecular characterizations show that EOCRC has a distinct presentation compared with later-onset colorectal cancer (LOCRC). Recent studies have identified DNA, RNA, and protein-level alterations unique to EOCRC, revealing much-needed biomarkers and potential novel therapeutic targets. Many molecular EOCRC studies have been performed with Caucasian and Asian EOCRC cohorts, however, studies of other ethnic backgrounds are limited. In addition, certain molecular characterizations that have been conducted for LOCRC have not yet been repeated in EOCRC, including high-throughput analyses of histone modifications, mRNA splicing, and proteomics on large cohorts. We propose that the complex relationship between cancer and aging should be considered when studying the molecular underpinnings of EOCRC. In this review, we summarize current EOCRC literature, focusing on sporadic molecular alterations in tumors, and their clinical implications. We conclude by discussing current challenges and future directions of EOCRC research efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Marx
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, United States
| | - Marc Mankarious
- Department of Surgery, Division of Colon & Rectal Surgery, Pennsylvania State University Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA 17033, United States
| | - Gregory Yochum
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology & Surgery, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, United States
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5
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Xiang Y, Zou X, Shi H, Xu X, Wu C, Zhong W, Wang J, Zhou W, Zeng X, He M, Wang Y, Huang L, Wang X. Elastic Net Models Based on DNA Copy Number Variations Predicts Clinical Features, Expression Signatures, and Mutations in Lung Adenocarcinoma. Front Genet 2021; 12:668040. [PMID: 34135942 PMCID: PMC8202527 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.668040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In the precision medicine of lung adenocarcinoma, the identification and prediction of tumor phenotypes for specific biomolecular events are still not studied in depth. Various earlier researches sheds light on the close correlation between genetic expression signatures and DNA copy number variations (CNVs), for which analysis of CNVs provides valuable information about molecular and phenotypic changes in tumorigenesis. In this study, we propose a comprehensive analysis combining genome-wide association analysis and an Elastic Net Regression predictive model, focus on predicting the levels of many gene expression signatures in lung adenocarcinoma, based upon DNA copy number features alone. Additionally, we predicted many other key phenotypes, including clinical features (pathological stage), gene mutations, and protein expressions. These Elastic Net prediction methods can also be applied to other gene sets, thereby facilitating their use as biomarkers in monitoring therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xiang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Xiaohuan Zou
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Huaqiu Shi
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Xueming Xu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Caixia Wu
- First Clinical Medical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Wenjuan Zhong
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Jinfeng Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Wenting Zhou
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Xiaoli Zeng
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Miao He
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Ying Wang
- First Clinical Medical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Li Huang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Xiangcai Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
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6
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Bommi PV, Bowen CM, Reyes-Uribe L, Wu W, Katayama H, Rocha P, Parra ER, Francisco-Cruz A, Ozcan Z, Tosti E, Willis JA, Wu H, Taggart MW, Burks JK, Lynch PM, Edelmann W, Scheet PA, Wistuba II, Sinha KM, Hanash SM, Vilar E. The Transcriptomic Landscape of Mismatch Repair-Deficient Intestinal Stem Cells. Cancer Res 2021; 81:2760-2773. [PMID: 34003775 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-2896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Lynch syndrome is the most common cause of hereditary colorectal cancer and is secondary to germline alterations in one of four DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes. Here we aimed to provide novel insights into the initiation of MMR-deficient (MMRd) colorectal carcinogenesis by characterizing the expression profile of MMRd intestinal stem cells (ISC). A tissue-specific MMRd mouse model (Villin-Cre;Msh2 LoxP/LoxP ) was crossed with a reporter mouse (Lgr5-EGFP-IRES-creERT2) to trace and isolate ISCs (Lgr5+) using flow cytometry. Three different ISC genotypes (Msh2-KO, Msh2-HET, and Msh2-WT) were isolated and processed for mRNA-seq and mass spectrometry, followed by bioinformatic analyses to identify expression signatures of complete MMRd and haplo-insufficiency. These findings were validated using qRT-PCR, IHC, and whole transcriptomic sequencing in mouse tissues, organoids, and a cohort of human samples, including normal colorectal mucosa, premalignant lesions, and early-stage colorectal cancers from patients with Lynch syndrome and patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) as controls. Msh2-KO ISCs clustered together with differentiated intestinal epithelial cells from all genotypes. Gene-set enrichment analysis indicated inhibition of replication, cell-cycle progression, and the Wnt pathway and activation of epithelial signaling and immune reaction. An expression signature derived from MMRd ISCs successfully distinguished MMRd neoplastic lesions of patients with Lynch syndrome from FAP controls. SPP1 was specifically upregulated in MMRd ISCs and colocalized with LGR5 in Lynch syndrome colorectal premalignant lesions and tumors. These results show that expression signatures of MMRd ISC recapitulate the initial steps of Lynch syndrome carcinogenesis and have the potential to unveil novel biomarkers of early cancer initiation. SIGNIFICANCE: The transcriptomic and proteomic profile of MMR-deficient intestinal stem cells displays a unique set of genes with potential roles as biomarkers of cancer initiation and early progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant V Bommi
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Charles M Bowen
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Laura Reyes-Uribe
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Wenhui Wu
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Hiroyuki Katayama
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Pedro Rocha
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Edwin R Parra
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Alejandro Francisco-Cruz
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Zuhal Ozcan
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.,Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Elena Tosti
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Jason A Willis
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Hong Wu
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Melissa W Taggart
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jared K Burks
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Patrick M Lynch
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.,Clinical Cancer Genetics Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Winfried Edelmann
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Paul A Scheet
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.,Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Ignacio I Wistuba
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Krishna M Sinha
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Samir M Hanash
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Eduardo Vilar
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas. .,Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.,Clinical Cancer Genetics Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
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7
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Bala P, Singh AK, Kavadipula P, Kotapalli V, Sabarinathan R, Bashyam MD. Exome sequencing identifies ARID2 as a novel tumor suppressor in early-onset sporadic rectal cancer. Oncogene 2020; 40:863-874. [PMID: 33262464 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-01537-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Early-onset sporadic rectal cancer (EOSRC) is a unique and predominant colorectal cancer (CRC) subtype in India. In order to understand the tumorigenic process in EOSRC, we performed whole-exome sequencing of 47 microsatellite stable EOSRC samples. Signature 1 was the predominant mutational signature in EOSRC, as previously shown in other CRC exome studies. More importantly, we identified TP53, KRAS, APC, PIK3R1, SMAD4 and ZNF880 as significantly mutated (q < 0.1) and ARID1A and ARID2 as near-significantly mutated (restricted hypothesis testing; q < 0.1) candidate drivers. Unlike the other candidates, the tumorigenic potential of ARID2, encoding a component of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex, is largely unexplored in CRC. shRNA-mediated ARID2 knockdown performed in different CRC cell lines resulted in significant alterations in transcript levels of cancer-related target genes. More importantly, ARID2 knockdown promoted several tumorigenic features including cell viability, proliferation, ability to override contact inhibition of growth, and migration besides significantly increasing tumor formation ability in nude mice. The observed gain in tumorigenic features was rescued upon ectopic expression of wild type but not mutant ARID2. Analyses of the TCGA pan-cancer dataset revealed several modes of ARID2 inactivation and of the CRC dataset revealed poorer survival in patients with ARID2 alterations. We therefore propose ARID2 as a novel tumor suppressor in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratyusha Bala
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Hyderabad, 500039, India.,Graduate Studies, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Anurag Kumar Singh
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bangalore, 560065, India
| | - Padmavathi Kavadipula
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Hyderabad, 500039, India
| | - Viswakalyan Kotapalli
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Hyderabad, 500039, India
| | - Radhakrishnan Sabarinathan
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bangalore, 560065, India
| | - Murali Dharan Bashyam
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Hyderabad, 500039, India.
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8
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Development of an Immune Infiltration-Related Eight-Gene Prognostic Signature in Colorectal Cancer Microenvironment. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:2719739. [PMID: 32908876 PMCID: PMC7474368 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2719739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Objective Stromal cells and immune cells have important clinical significance in the microenvironment of colorectal cancer (CRC). This study is aimed at developing a CRC gene signature on the basis of stromal and immune scores. Methods A cohort of CRC patients (n = 433) were adopted from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Stromal/immune scores were calculated by the ESTIMATE algorithm. Correlation between prognosis/clinical characteristics and stromal/immune scores was assessed. Differentially expressed stromal and immune genes were identified. Their potential functions were annotated by functional enrichment analysis. Cox regression analysis was used to develop an eight-gene risk score model. Its predictive efficacies for 3 years, 5 years, overall survival (OS), and progression-free survival interval (PFI) were evaluated using time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The correlation between the risk score and the infiltering levels of six immune cells was analyzed using TIMER. The risk score was validated using an independent dataset. Results Immune score was in a significant association with prognosis and clinical characteristics of CRC. 736 upregulated and two downregulated stromal and immune genes were identified, which were mainly enriched into immune-related biological processes and pathways. An-eight gene prognostic risk score model was conducted, consisting of CCL22, CD36, CPA3, CPT1C, KCNE4, NFATC1, RASGRP2, and SLC2A3. High risk score indicated a poor prognosis of patients. The area under the ROC curves (AUC) s of the model for 3 years, 5 years, OS, and PFI were 0.71, 0.70, 0.73, and 0.66, respectively. Thus, the model possessed well performance for prediction of patients' prognosis, which was confirmed by an external dataset. Moreover, the risk score was significantly correlated with immune cell infiltration. Conclusion Our study conducted an immune-related prognostic risk score model, which could provide novel targets for immunotherapy of CRC.
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9
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Adduri RSR, George SA, Kavadipula P, Bashyam MD. SMARCD1
is a transcriptional target of specific non‐hotspot mutant p53 forms. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:4559-4570. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raju S. R. Adduri
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics Hyderabad Telangana India
- Graduate Studies Manipal Academy of Higher Education Manipal Karnataka India
| | - Sara A. George
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics Hyderabad Telangana India
- Graduate Studies Regional Centre for Biotechnology Faridabad Haryana India
| | - Padmavathi Kavadipula
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics Hyderabad Telangana India
| | - Murali D. Bashyam
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics Hyderabad Telangana India
- Adjunct Faculty Regional Centre for Biotechnology Faridabad Haryana India
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10
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Gang W, Yu-Zhu W, Yang Y, Feng S, Xing-Li F, Heng Z. The critical role of calcineurin/NFAT (C/N) pathways and effective antitumor prospect for colorectal cancers. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:19254-19273. [PMID: 31489709 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Transcription factors (TFs) like a nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT) and its controller calcineurin are highly expressed in primary intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) due to delamination, damage by tumor-associated flora and selective activation in the intestinal tract tumor are crucial in the progression and growth of colorectal cancer (CRC). This study sought to summarize the current findings concerning the dysregulated calcineurin/NFAT (C/N) signaling involved in CRC initiation and progression. These signalings include proliferation, T-cell functions, and glycolysis with high lactate production that remodels the acidosis, which genes in tumor cells provide an evolutionary advantage, or even increased their attack phenotype. Moreover, the relationship between C/N and gut microbiome in CRC, especially role of NFAT and toll-like receptor signaling in regulating intestinal microbiota are also discussed. Furthermore, this review will discuss the proteins and genes relating to C/N induced acidosis in CRC, which includes ASIC2 regulated C/N1 and TFs associated with the glycolytic by-product that affect T-cell functions and CRC cell growth. It is revealed that calcineurin or NFAT targeting to antitumor, selective calcineurin inhibition or targets in NFAT signaling may be useful for clinical treatment of CRC. This can further aid in the identification of specific targets via cancer patient-personalized approach. Future studies should be focused on targeting to C/N or TLR signaling by the combination of therapeutic agents to regulate T-cell functions and gut microbiome for activating potent anticancer property with the prospect of potentiating the antitumor therapy for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Gang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Eight People's Hospital, Jiangsu University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wang Yu-Zhu
- Department of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu Yang
- Department of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shi Feng
- Department of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fu Xing-Li
- Department of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhang Heng
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Lishui District People's Hospital, Zhongda Hospital Lishui Branch, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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11
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Kumar R, Kotapalli V, Naz A, Gowrishankar S, Rao S, Pollack JR, Bashyam MD. XPNPEP3 is a novel transcriptional target of canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2018; 57:304-310. [PMID: 29383790 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.22531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2017] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling plays important roles in embryonic development and adult tissue regeneration while aberrant Wnt activation is the major driver of sporadic colorectal cancer (CRC). Thus, it is important to characterize the complete β-catenin target transcriptome. We previously performed microarray-based mRNA profiling of rectal cancer samples stratified for Wnt status. In addition to AXIN2 and EPHB2, XPNPEP3 transcripts were significantly elevated in tumors exhibiting activated Wnt/β-catenin signaling, validated by Q-PCR. Three different cell lines supported elevated XPNPEP3 transcript levels upon activation of Wnt signaling, confirmed using promoter-luciferase assays. Ectopic expression of XPNPEP3 promoted tumorigenic properties in CRC cells. Immunohistochemistry on a CRC tissue microarray revealed significant correlation between β-catenin nuclear localization and XPNPEP3 levels. More importantly, XPNPEP3 expression was upregulated compared to normal samples in published expression data sets from several cancers including CRC. Finally, XPNPEP3 expression correlated with poor survival in many cancers. Our results therefore suggest XPNPEP3 to be a transcriptional target of Wnt/β-catenin pathway with particular significance for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raju Kumar
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Hyderabad, India.,Graduate Studies, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Viswakalyan Kotapalli
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Hyderabad, India
| | - Ashmala Naz
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Hyderabad, India.,Graduate Studies, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | | | - Satish Rao
- Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, India
| | - Jonathan R Pollack
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Murali Dharan Bashyam
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Hyderabad, India
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