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Podguski S, Kaur G, Muthumalage T, McGraw MD, Rahman I. Non-Invasive Systemic Biomarker of E-cigarette or Vaping use-Associated Lung Injury (EVALI): A pilot study. ERJ Open Res 2022; 8:00639-2021. [PMID: 35386827 PMCID: PMC8977595 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00639-2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) vaping, containing nicotine and/or Δ8, Δ9 or Δ10 or Δo tetrahydrocannabinol (Δn-THC), is associated with an outbreak of e-cigarette, or vaping, product use-associated lung injury (EVALI). Despite thousands being hospitalised with EVALI, much remains unknown about diagnosis, treatment and disease pathogenesis. Biomarkers of inflammation, oxidative stress and lipid mediators may help identify e-cigarette users with EVALI. Methods We collected plasma and urine along with demographic and vaping-related data of EVALI subjects (age 18–35 years) and non-users matched for sex and age in a pilot study. Biomarkers were assessed by ELISA/EIA and Luminex-based assays. Results Elevated levels of THC metabolite (11-nor-9-carboxy-Δ9-THC) were found in plasma from EVALI subjects compared to non-users. Levels of 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), an oxidative DNA damage biomarker, and 8-isoprostane, an oxidative stress marker, were slightly increased in urine samples from EVALI subjects compared to non-users. Conversely, plasma levels of lipid mediators, including resolvin D1 (RvD1) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), were significantly lower in EVALI subjects compared to non-users. Both pro-inflammatory biomarkers, such as tumour necrosis factor-α, macrophage inflammatory protein-1β, RANTES (regulated on activation, normal T-cell expressed and secreted) and granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor, as well as anti-inflammatory biomarkers, such as interleukin-9 and CC10/16, were decreased in plasma from EVALI subjects compared to non-users, supportive of a possible dysregulated inflammatory response in EVALI subjects. Conclusions Significant elevations in urine and plasma biomarkers of oxidative stress, as well as reductions in lipid mediators, were shown in EVALI subjects. These noninvasive biomarkers (8-OHdG, 8-isoprostane, RvD1 and CC10/16), either individually or collectively, may serve as tools in diagnosing future EVALI subjects. Biomarkers 8-OHdG, 8-isoprostane, RvD1 and CC10/16 are associated with electronic cigarettes and vapinghttps://bit.ly/3tJJV71
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Pasvenskaite A, Liutkeviciene R, Gedvilaite G, Vilkeviciute A, Liutkevicius V, Uloza V. The Role of IL-9 Polymorphisms and Serum IL-9 Levels in Carcinogenesis and Survival Rate for Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Cells 2021; 10:cells10030601. [PMID: 33803218 PMCID: PMC8001846 DOI: 10.3390/cells10030601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have described the dichotomous function of IL-9 in various cancer diseases. However, its function has still not been analysed in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). In the present study, we evaluated five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of IL-9 (rs1859430, rs2069870, rs11741137, rs2069885, and rs2069884) and determined their associations with the patients' five-year survival rate. Additionally, we analysed serum IL-9 levels using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Three hundred LSCC patients and 533 control subjects were included in this study. A significant association between the patients' survival rate and distribution of IL-9 rs1859430 variants was revealed: patients carrying AA genotype had a higher risk of dying (p = 0.005). Haplotypes A-G-C-G-G of IL-9 (rs1859430, rs2069870, rs11741137, rs2069885, and rs2069884) were associated with 47% lower odds of LSCC occurrence (p = 0.035). Serum IL-9 levels were found detectable in three control group subjects (8.99 ± 12.03 pg/mL). In summary, these findings indicate that the genotypic distribution of IL-9 rs1859430 negatively influences the five-year survival rate of LSCC patients. The haplotypes A-G-C-G-G of IL-9 (rs1859430, rs2069870, rs11741137, rs2069885, and rs2069884) are associated with the lower odds of LSCC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agne Pasvenskaite
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences (LUHS), LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania; (V.L.); (V.U.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +370-6532-3034
| | - Rasa Liutkeviciene
- Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences (LUHS), LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania; (R.L.); (G.G.); (A.V.)
| | - Greta Gedvilaite
- Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences (LUHS), LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania; (R.L.); (G.G.); (A.V.)
| | - Alvita Vilkeviciute
- Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences (LUHS), LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania; (R.L.); (G.G.); (A.V.)
| | - Vykintas Liutkevicius
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences (LUHS), LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania; (V.L.); (V.U.)
| | - Virgilijus Uloza
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences (LUHS), LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania; (V.L.); (V.U.)
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Chen X, Wang X, Zhang Z, Chen Y, Wang C. Role of IL-9, IL-2RA, and IL-2RB genetic polymorphisms in coronary heart disease. Herz 2021; 46:558-566. [PMID: 33651164 DOI: 10.1007/s00059-020-05004-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronary heart disease (CHD) is one of the leading causes of disability and death worldwide. Inflammatory cytokines play an essential role in the pathogenesis of CHD. This study aimed to detect the potential association between interleukin (IL)-9, IL-2RA, and IL-2RB variants and CHD in a Han Chinese population. METHODS This case-control study included 499 CHD patients and 496 healthy controls. Seven single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were genotyped to investigate the possible association between the polymorphisms and CHD risk. Interactions between SNPs and CHD risk were analyzed via multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR). RESULTS We observed an association between IL‑9 rs55692658 (OR = 1.72, p = 0.003) and increased CHD risk. Age-stratified analysis indicated that regardless of the participants' age, IL‑9 rs55692658 and IL-2RB rs1573673 contributed significantly to CHD susceptibility (p < 0.05, respectively). Results showed an association between IL‑9 rs55692658 and an increased risk for CHD (OR = 2.32, p = 0.003), while IL-2RA rs12722498 was correlated with decreased susceptibility to CHD (OR = 0.54, p = 0.033) in female patients. Furthermore, IL-2RA rs12569923 was related to diabetes risk in CHD patients (OR = 1.50, p = 0.028). The MDR analysis revealed a positive interaction between the SNPs. CONCLUSION The present study demonstrated that IL‑9 rs55692658, IL-2RA rs12569923, IL-2RA rs12722498, and IL-2RB rs3218264 polymorphisms might be related to CHD. The results require validation in larger studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianghong Chen
- Department of General Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, 570311, Haikou, China
| | - Xingfan Wang
- Department of Rehabilitative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, 570311, Haikou, China
| | - Zaozhang Zhang
- Department of General Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, 570311, Haikou, China
| | - Yuewu Chen
- Department of General Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, 570311, Haikou, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of General Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, 570311, Haikou, China.
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Fang H, Li HF, Yan JY, Yang M, Zhang JP. Dexmedetomidine-up-regulated microRNA-381 exerts anti-inflammatory effects in rats with cerebral ischaemic injury via the transcriptional factor IRF4. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 25:2098-2109. [PMID: 33314611 PMCID: PMC7882963 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Dexmedetomidine (Dex) possesses analgesic and anaesthetic values and reported being used in cerebral ischaemic injury therapeutics. Accumulating studies have determined the effect of microRNAs (miRNAs) on the cerebral ischaemic injury. Thus, the present study aimed to unravel the molecular mechanism of miR-381 and Dex in cerebral ischaemic injury. For this purpose, the cerebral ischaemic injury rat model was established by induction of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and expression of miR-381 and IRF4 was determined. Thereafter, MCAO rats were treated with Dex, miR-381 mimic, miR-381 inhibitor and oe-IRF4 respectively, followed by evaluation of neurological function. Furthermore, neuron cells were isolated from the hippocampus of rats and subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD). Then, OGD-treated neuron cells and primary neuron cells were examined by gain- and loss-of-function assay. Neuron cell apoptosis was detected using TUNEL staining and flow cytometry. The correlation between interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4) and interleukin (IL)-9 was detected. Our results showed down-regulated miR-38 and up-regulated IRF4 in MCAO rats. Besides, IRF4 was targeted by miR-381 in neuron cells. Dex and overexpressed miR-381, or silenced IRF4 improved the neurological function and inhibited neuron cell apoptosis in MCAO rats. Additionally, in MCAO rats, Dex was found to increase the miR-381 expression and reduced IRF4 expression to decrease the IL-9 expression, which suppressed the inflammatory response and cell apoptosis both in vivo and in vitro. Importantly, our study demonstrated that Dex elevated the expression of miR-381, which ultimately results in the inhibition of inflammation response in rats with cerebral ischaemic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Fang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Guizhou University People's Hospital, Guiyang, China.,Laboratory of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, Guizhou University School of Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Hua-Feng Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jian-Yong Yan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Guizhou University People's Hospital, Guiyang, China.,Laboratory of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, Guizhou University School of Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Miao Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Guizhou University People's Hospital, Guiyang, China.,Laboratory of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, Guizhou University School of Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Jian-Ping Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Guizhou University People's Hospital, Guiyang, China.,Laboratory of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, Guizhou University School of Medicine, Guiyang, China
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Bowel inflammation in cancer patients: the microbiome, antibiotics and interleukin-9. Br J Cancer 2020; 123:1469-1470. [PMID: 32843683 PMCID: PMC7652919 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-020-01030-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbiome composition can impact disease courses and also immunotherapy outcomes in solid tumours. It is still unclear how the microbiome might impact treatments in oncology, but also how modulation via antibiotics might interfere. Elegant work now identified interleukin-9 and dysbiosis as relevant factors, providing some answers for these questions.
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Bednarz-Misa I, Fortuna P, Diakowska D, Jamrozik N, Krzystek-Korpacka M. Distinct Local and Systemic Molecular Signatures in the Esophageal and Gastric Cancers: Possible Therapy Targets and Biomarkers for Gastric Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21124509. [PMID: 32630408 PMCID: PMC7349922 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric (GC) and esophageal (EC) cancers are highly lethal. Better understanding of molecular abnormalities is needed for new therapeutic targets and biomarkers to be found. Expression of 18 cancer-related genes in 31 paired normal-tumor samples was quantified by reversely-transcribed quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RTqPCR) and systemic concentration of 27 cytokines/chemokines/growth factors in 195 individuals was determined using Luminex xMAP technology. Only Ki67, CLDN2, and BCLxL were altered in GC while Ki67, CDKN1A, ODC1, SLC2A1, HIF1A, VEGFA, NOS2, CCL2, PTGS2, IL10, IL10Ra, and ACTA2 were changed in EC. The relatively unaltered molecular GC landscape resulted from high expression of BCLxL, CDKN1A, BCL2, Ki67, HIF1A, VEGFA, ACTA2, TJP1, CLDN2, IL7Ra, ODC1, PTGS2, and CCL2 in non-cancerous tissue. The NOS2 expression and IL-4, IL-9, FGF2, and RANTES secretion were higher in cardiac than non-cardiac GC. Four-cytokine panels (interleukin (IL)-1β/IL-1ra/IL-6/RANTES or IL-1β/IL-6/IL-4/IL-13) differentiated GC from benign conditions with 87–89% accuracy. Our results showed increased proliferative, survival, inflammatory and angiogenic capacity in gastric tumor-surrounding tissue, what might contribute to GC aggressiveness and facilitate cancer recurrence. Further studies are needed to determine the CLDN2 and NOS2 suitability as candidate molecular targets in GC and cardiac GC, respectively, and discern the role of CLDN2 or to verify IL-1β/IL-1ra/IL-6/RANTES or IL-1β/IL-6/IL-4/IL-13 usefulness as differential biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Bednarz-Misa
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (I.B.-M.); (P.F.); (N.J.)
| | - Paulina Fortuna
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (I.B.-M.); (P.F.); (N.J.)
| | - Dorota Diakowska
- Department of Gastrointestinal and General Surgery, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland;
- Department of Nervous System Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University, 51-618 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Natalia Jamrozik
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (I.B.-M.); (P.F.); (N.J.)
| | - Małgorzata Krzystek-Korpacka
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (I.B.-M.); (P.F.); (N.J.)
- Correspondence:
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Cui G. T H9, T H17, and T H22 Cell Subsets and Their Main Cytokine Products in the Pathogenesis of Colorectal Cancer. Front Oncol 2019; 9:1002. [PMID: 31637216 PMCID: PMC6787935 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, several newly identified T helper (TH) cell subsets, such as TH9, TH17, and TH22 cells, and their respective cytokine products, IL-9, IL-17, and IL-22, have been reported to play critical roles in the development of chronic inflammation in the colorectum. Since chronic inflammation is a potent driving force for the development of human colorectal cancer (CRC), the contributions of TH9/IL-9, TH17/IL-17, and TH22/IL-22 in the pathogenesis of CRC have recently become an increasingly popular area of scientific investigation. Extensive laboratory and clinical evidence suggests a positive relationship between these new TH subsets and the growth and formation of CRC, whereas, administration of IL-9, IL-17, and IL-22 signaling inhibitors can significantly alter the formation of colorectal chronic inflammation or CRC lesions in animal models, suggesting that blocking these cytokine signals might represent promising immunotherapeutic strategies. This review summarizes recent findings and currently available data for understanding the vital role and therapeutic significance of TH9/IL-9, TH17/IL-17, and TH22/IL-22 in the development of colorectal tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanglin Cui
- Research Group of Gastrointestinal Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Faculty of Health Science, Nord University, Levanger, Norway
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