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Sack C, Ferrari N, Friesen D, Haas F, Klaudius M, Schmidt L, Torbahn G, Wulff H, Joisten C. Health Risks of Sarcopenic Obesity in Overweight Children and Adolescents: Data from the CHILT III Programme (Cologne). J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11010277. [PMID: 35012017 PMCID: PMC8746104 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11010277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenic obesity is increasingly found in youth, but its health consequences remain unclear. Therefore, we studied the prevalence of sarcopenia and its association with cardiometabolic risk factors as well as muscular and cardiorespiratory fitness using data from the German Children’s Health InterventionaL Trial (CHILT III) programme. In addition to anthropometric data and blood pressure, muscle and fat mass were determined with bioelectrical impedance analysis. Sarcopenia was classified via muscle-to-fat ratio. A fasting blood sample was taken, muscular fitness was determined using the standing long jump, and cardiorespiratory fitness was determined using bicycle ergometry. Of the 119 obese participants included in the analysis (47.1% female, mean age 12.2 years), 83 (69.7%) had sarcopenia. Affected individuals had higher gamma-glutamyl transferase, higher glutamate pyruvate transaminase, higher high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, higher diastolic blood pressure, and lower muscular and cardiorespiratory fitness (each p < 0.05) compared to participants who were ‘only’ obese. No differences were found in other parameters. In our study, sarcopenic obesity was associated with various disorders in children and adolescents. However, the clinical value must be tested with larger samples and reference populations to develop a unique definition and appropriate methods in terms of identification but also related preventive or therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolin Sack
- Department for Physical Activity in Public Health, Institute of Movement and Neurosciences, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, German Sport University Cologne, 50933 Cologne, Germany; (N.F.); (D.F.); (F.H.); (M.K.); (L.S.); (C.J.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Nina Ferrari
- Department for Physical Activity in Public Health, Institute of Movement and Neurosciences, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, German Sport University Cologne, 50933 Cologne, Germany; (N.F.); (D.F.); (F.H.); (M.K.); (L.S.); (C.J.)
- Cologne Center for Prevention in Childhood and Youth/Heart Center Cologne, University Hospital of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - David Friesen
- Department for Physical Activity in Public Health, Institute of Movement and Neurosciences, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, German Sport University Cologne, 50933 Cologne, Germany; (N.F.); (D.F.); (F.H.); (M.K.); (L.S.); (C.J.)
| | - Fabiola Haas
- Department for Physical Activity in Public Health, Institute of Movement and Neurosciences, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, German Sport University Cologne, 50933 Cologne, Germany; (N.F.); (D.F.); (F.H.); (M.K.); (L.S.); (C.J.)
| | - Marlen Klaudius
- Department for Physical Activity in Public Health, Institute of Movement and Neurosciences, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, German Sport University Cologne, 50933 Cologne, Germany; (N.F.); (D.F.); (F.H.); (M.K.); (L.S.); (C.J.)
| | - Lisa Schmidt
- Department for Physical Activity in Public Health, Institute of Movement and Neurosciences, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, German Sport University Cologne, 50933 Cologne, Germany; (N.F.); (D.F.); (F.H.); (M.K.); (L.S.); (C.J.)
| | - Gabriel Torbahn
- Department of Pediatrics, Paracelsus Medical University, Breslauer Str. 201, 90471 Nuremberg, Germany;
| | - Hagen Wulff
- Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Faculty of Human Sciences, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24–25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany;
| | - Christine Joisten
- Department for Physical Activity in Public Health, Institute of Movement and Neurosciences, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, German Sport University Cologne, 50933 Cologne, Germany; (N.F.); (D.F.); (F.H.); (M.K.); (L.S.); (C.J.)
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