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Cox DTC, Gaston KJ. Ecosystem functioning across the diel cycle in the Anthropocene. Trends Ecol Evol 2024; 39:31-40. [PMID: 37723017 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2023.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Given the marked differences in environmental conditions and active biota between daytime and nighttime, it is almost inevitable that ecosystem functioning will also differ. However, understanding of these differences has been hampered due to the challenges of conducting research at night. At the same time, many anthropogenic pressures are most forcefully exerted or have greatest effect during either daytime (e.g., high temperatures, disturbance) or nighttime (e.g., artificial lighting, nights warming faster than days). Here, we explore current understanding of diel (daily) variation in five key ecosystem functions and when during the diel cycle they primarily occur [predation (unclear), herbivory (nighttime), pollination (daytime), seed dispersal (unclear), carbon assimilation (daytime)] and how diel asymmetry in anthropogenic pressures impacts these functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel T C Cox
- Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn, TR10 9FE, UK.
| | - Kevin J Gaston
- Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn, TR10 9FE, UK
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2
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da Silva Nunes G, de Souza JM, Ramalho DG, De Bortoli SA, Polanczyk RA. Bacillus thuringiensis-based bioinsecticides affect predation of Euborellia annulipes on diamondback moth larvae. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:90730-90740. [PMID: 37462876 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28814-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Interactions between earwigs and entomopathogens, such as Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), are still poorly understood. This study tested whether Bt-based bioinsecticides have any effect on the predation of Euborellia annulipes (Lucas) (Dermaptera: Anisolabididae) on Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), one of the pests with the largest number of cases of use and resistance to Bt. Fourth instar larvae were Bt infected by feeding on collard green leaves treated with Dipel®WG and XenTari®WG at the manufacturer-recommended doses. We used one no-choice condition, in which the predator had access to uninfected or Bt-infected larvae separately, and four free-choice conditions: uninfected vs Dipel®-infected larvae, uninfected vs XenTari®-infected larvae, Dipel®-infected vs XenTari®-infected larvae, and uninfected vs Bt-infected larvae with both bioinsecticides. Uninfected larvae were less consumed than those infected by both Bt-bioinsecticides in the no-choice condition. There was a higher consumption of uninfected over Dipel®-infected larvae in the free-choice condition. Overall, uninfected larvae were preferred over both Bt-based bioinsecticides infected larvae. We also used six different prey densities. The ringlegged earwig's predation rate enhanced as the prey population density increased, but the functional response was not affected by Bt-infection, being type II. The predator invested a low amount of handling time on Bt-fed prey and increased the maximum predation rate. Bt-based bioinsecticides cause effects on E. annulipes predation by altering their feeding preference and some aspects of its predatory behavior. The results of our study provide an important background for understanding interactions between earwigs and Bt. In addition, they can be used for decision making during approaches to integrated P. xylostella management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilmar da Silva Nunes
- Instituto Federal Goiano, Rodovia Sul Goiana, km 01, Zona Rural, CEP, Rio Verde, GO, 75901-970, Brazil.
| | - Joice Mendonça de Souza
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castelane, CEP, Jaboticabal, SP, 14884-900, Brazil
| | - Dagmara Gomes Ramalho
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castelane, CEP, Jaboticabal, SP, 14884-900, Brazil
| | - Sergio Antonio De Bortoli
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castelane, CEP, Jaboticabal, SP, 14884-900, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Antonio Polanczyk
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castelane, CEP, Jaboticabal, SP, 14884-900, Brazil
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3
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Silva LP, Souza IL, Marucci RC, Guzman-Martinez M. Doru luteipes (Dermaptera: Forficulidae) and Orius insidiosus (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) as Nocturnal and Diurnal Predators of Thrips. NEOTROPICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2023; 52:263-272. [PMID: 35831705 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-022-00982-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Thrips (Thysanoptera, Thripidae) are pests of several crops and their chemical control is mainly hindered by their thigmotactic habits, which in turn allows the use of biological control agents with similar habits. Orius (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) are effective control agents for thrips and are commercialized in many countries. Habitat overlap exists between Doru luteipes (Scudder) (Dermaptera: Forficulidae) and thrips, making D. luteipes a potential predator in the control of these insects. Our goals were to confirm the predatory ability of D. luteipes when exposed to thrips, Caliothrips phaseoli (Hood), and to evaluate the interaction between D. luteipes and Orius insidiosus Say for the control of thrips using behavioral and feeding preference tests. The ability of D. luteipes and O. insidiosus to prey on thrips at all stages was tested by predation bioassays; adults of D. luteipes consumed 210.9 ± 23.2 thrips per day, while adults of O. insidiosus consumed 32.4 ± 3.6 thrips per day. Intraguild predation was absent, and the predatory behavior feeding of the two predatory species was not altered in the presence of the other predator. In addition, these predators forage at different times-O. insidiosus during the day and D. luteipes at night, indicating that both predators do not interact negatively, allowing the use of both in a biological pest control program for thrips.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ivana Lemos Souza
- Federal University of Lavras (UFLA), Lavras, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Pacheco RC, Silva DD, Mendes SM, Lima KP, Figueiredo JEF, Marucci RC. How omnivory affects the survival and choices of earwig Doru luteipes (Scudder) (Dermaptera: Forficulidae)? BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 83:e243890. [PMID: 34133491 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.243890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Doru luteipes (Scudder, 1876) is an omnivorous predator that finds different food resources in the corn plant: eggs of Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith, 1797), uredospores of Puccinia polysora (Underw, 1897), and pollen. Knowing the survival and food preferences of this predator is essential to define its relevance as a biological control agent. We hypothesize that the foraging behavior and predatory capacity of D. luteipes may be affected when several food resources, especially eggs of S. frugiperda, uredospores of P. polysora, and pollen are concurrently in the same plant. The survival of D. luteipes in the nymph stage and their preference among food resources, often available in corn plants, were determined. To verify the survival of D. luteipes, newly hatched nymphs were fed exclusively with 1- uredospores of P. polysora, 2- eggs of S. frugiperda, 3- corn pollen, 4- a combination of uredospores + eggs, and 5- artificial diet (control). In another experiment, nymphs and adults of D. luteipes with 24 and 48 hours of fasting were individually released in the center of a container with four diets: 1- uredospores of P. polysora, 2- eggs of S. frugiperda, 3- corn pollen, 4- artificial diet, and maintained for 10 minutes, to evaluate the food choice and feeding time. The exclusive feeding with S. frugiperda eggs caused low nymph survival (8%), but the combination of P. polysora uredospores + S. frugiperda eggs allowed 58.3% survival. D. luteipes preferred feeding during the nighttime and the most significant proportions of choices by nymphs and adults were for pollen and diet, with adults spending more time eating pollen. These findings indicate that the trophic choices of D. luteipes are relevant to understand its contribution as an agent to control pest insects and fungal diseases in corn.
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Affiliation(s)
- R C Pacheco
- Universidade Federal de Lavras - UFLA, Laboratório de Controle Biológico de Pragas, Lavras, MG, Brasil
| | - D D Silva
- Embrapa Milho e Sorgo, Laboratório de Fitopatologia, Sete Lagoas, MG, Brasil
| | - S M Mendes
- Embrapa Milho e Sorgo, Laboratório de Entomologia, Sete Lagoas, MG, Brasil
| | - K P Lima
- Universidade Federal de Lavras - UFLA, Departamento de Estatística, Lavras, MG, Brasil
| | - J E F Figueiredo
- Embrapa Milho e Sorgo, Laboratório de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Sete Lagoas, MG, Brasil
| | - R C Marucci
- Universidade Federal de Lavras - UFLA, Laboratório de Controle Biológico de Pragas, Lavras, MG, Brasil
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Nascimento PT, Fadini MAM, Rocha MS, Souza CSF, Barros BA, Melo JOF, Von Pinho RG, Valicente FH. Olfactory response of Trichogramma pretiosum (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) to volatiles induced by transgenic maize. BULLETIN OF ENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2021; 111:1-14. [PMID: 34130764 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485321000341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Plants not only respond to herbivorous damage but adjust their defense system after egg deposition by pest insects. Thereby, parasitoids use oviposition-induced plant volatiles to locate their hosts. We investigated the olfactory behavioral responses of Trichogramma pretiosum Riley, 1879 (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) to volatile blends emitted by maize (Zea mays L.) with singular and stacked events after oviposition by Spodoptera frugiperda Smith, 1797 (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) moths. Additionally, we examined possible variations in gene expression and on oviposition-induced volatiles. We used a Y-tube olfactometer to test for the wasp responses to volatiles released by maize plants oviposited by S. frugiperda and not-oviposited plants. Using the real-time PCR technique (qRT-PCR), we analyzed the expression of lipoxygenase and three terpene synthases genes, which are enzymes involved in the synthesis of volatile compounds that attract parasitoids of S. frugiperda. Olfactometer tests showed that T. pretiosum is strongly attracted by volatiles from transgenic maize emitted by S. frugiperda oviposition (VTPRO 3, more than 75% individuals were attracted). The relative expression of genes TPS10, LOX e STC was higher in transgenic hybrids than in the conventional (isogenic line) hybrids. The GC-MS analysis revealed that some volatile compounds are released exclusively by transgenic maize. This study provides evidence that transgenic hybrids enhanced chemical cues under oviposition-induction and helped to increase T. pretiosum efficiency in S. frugiperda control. This finding shows that among the evaluated hybrids, genetically modified hybrids can improve the biological control programs, since they potentialize the egg parasitoid foraging, integrating pest management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M A M Fadini
- Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei - UFSJ, São João del-Rei, Brasil
| | - M S Rocha
- Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei - UFSJ, São João del-Rei, Brasil
| | - C S F Souza
- Universidade Federal de Lavras - UFLA, Lavras, Brasil
| | - B A Barros
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária - Embrapa Milho e Sorgo, Sete Lagoas, Brasil
| | - J O F Melo
- Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei - UFSJ, São João del-Rei, Brasil
| | - R G Von Pinho
- Universidade Federal de Lavras - UFLA, Lavras, Brasil
| | - F H Valicente
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária - Embrapa Milho e Sorgo, Sete Lagoas, Brasil
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6
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Silva DDD, Mendes SM, Parreira DF, Pacheco RC, Marucci RC, Cota LV, Costa RV, Figueiredo JEF. Fungivory: a new and complex ecological function of Doru luteipes (Scudder) (Dermaptera: Forficulidae). BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 82:e238763. [PMID: 33825760 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.238763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the discovery that the earwig predator Doru luteipes (Scudder, 1876) (Dermaptera: Forficulidae) feed on Puccinia polysora Underw uredospore, the causal agent of Southern Rust of Corn (SRC), which is a primary disease affecting the maize crop in Brazil. We performed experiments in laboratory and greenhouse to test the effect of D. luteipes (1st/2nd and 3rd/4th instars, and adults) fungivory on the P. polysora uredospore concentration. All trials showed a significant reduction of the initial concentration of uredospore. There was a reduction in uredospore concentration with increase in number of D. luteipes feeding on them. We also tested the uredospore consumption by quantifying its percentage in the feces of D. luteipes. Nymphs of the 2nd, 4th instar and adults fed 88%, 85%, and 83.8% of the uredospore, respectively. For nymphs of the 3rd instar, the percentage of uredospore consumption (75.6%) was statistically significant compared with the other groups. In greenhouse experiment, at twenty-eight days after plant inoculation with 9.9 x 104 uredospores, the percentage of uredospore consumption was 81.7%. Our results confirmed the fungivory of D. luteipes on P. polysora uredospore. This is the first report of D. luteipes fungivory, which may play an important role in the biological control of P. polysora in corn.
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Affiliation(s)
- D D da Silva
- Embrapa Milho e Sorgo, Laboratório de Fitopatologia, Sete Lagoas, MG, Brasil
| | - S M Mendes
- Embrapa Milho e Sorgo, Laboratório de Entomologia, Sete Lagoas, MG, Brasil
| | - D F Parreira
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa - UFV, Laboratório de Fitopatologia, Rio Paranaíba, MG Brasil
| | - R C Pacheco
- Universidade Federal de Lavras - UFLA, Departamento de Entomologia, Laboratório de Controle Biológico de Pragas, Lavras, MG, Brasil
| | - R C Marucci
- Universidade Federal de Lavras - UFLA, Departamento de Entomologia, Laboratório de Controle Biológico de Pragas, Lavras, MG, Brasil
| | - L V Cota
- Embrapa Milho e Sorgo, Laboratório de Fitopatologia, Sete Lagoas, MG, Brasil
| | - R V Costa
- Embrapa Milho e Sorgo, Laboratório de Fitopatologia, Sete Lagoas, MG, Brasil
| | - J E F Figueiredo
- Embrapa Milho e Sorgo, Laboratório de Fitopatologia, Sete Lagoas, MG, Brasil
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8
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A comparison of the direct and indirect defence abilities of cultivated maize versus perennial and annual teosintes. CHEMOECOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00049-020-00329-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Grunseich JM, Thompson MN, Hay AA, Gorman Z, Kolomiets MV, Eubanks MD, Helms AM. Risky roots and careful herbivores: Sustained herbivory by a root‐feeding herbivore attenuates indirect plant defences. Funct Ecol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John M. Grunseich
- Department of Entomology Texas A&M University College Station TX USA
| | | | - Allison A. Hay
- Department of Entomology Texas A&M University College Station TX USA
| | - Zachary Gorman
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology Texas A&M University College Station TX USA
| | - Michael V. Kolomiets
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology Texas A&M University College Station TX USA
| | - Micky D. Eubanks
- Department of Entomology Texas A&M University College Station TX USA
| | - Anjel M. Helms
- Department of Entomology Texas A&M University College Station TX USA
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Bell K, Naranjo-Guevara N, dos Santos RC, Meadow R, Bento JMS. Predatory Earwigs are Attracted by Herbivore-Induced Plant Volatiles Linked with Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria. INSECTS 2020; 11:insects11050271. [PMID: 32365691 PMCID: PMC7290886 DOI: 10.3390/insects11050271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Plant-associated microbes may induce plant defenses against herbivores. Plants, in turn, can attract natural enemies, such as predators, using herbivore-induced plant volatiles. Intricate communication occurs between microorganisms, plants, and insects. Given that many aspects related to mechanisms involved in this symbiotic system remain unknown, we evaluated how beneficial soil-borne microorganisms can affect the interactions between plants, herbivores, and natural enemies. For this study, we established a multitrophic system composed of the predatory earwig Doru luteipes (Dermaptera: Forficulidae), arugula (Eruca sativa, Brassicaceae) as the host plant, Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) larvae as a specialist herbivore, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvae as a generalist herbivore, and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens as the plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), in a series of nocturnal olfactometry experiments. By assessing earwig preference towards herbivore-induced and PGPR-inoculated plants in different combinations, we showed that the interaction between rhizobacteria, plants, and herbivores can affect the predatory earwig's behavior. Furthermore, we observed a synergistic effect in which earwigs were attracted by plants that presented as PGPR inoculated and herbivore damaged, for both specialist and generalist herbivores. Our findings help fill the important knowledge gap regarding multitrophic interactions and should provide useful guidelines for their application to agricultural fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Bell
- Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 1433 Ås, Norway; (K.B.); (R.M.)
| | - Natalia Naranjo-Guevara
- Department of Entomology and Acarology, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, São Paulo State 13418-900, Brazil; (N.N.-G.); (R.C.d.S.)
- Fontys International Business School Venlo, Fontys University of Applied Sciences, 5912 Venlo, The Netherlands
| | - Rafaela C. dos Santos
- Department of Entomology and Acarology, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, São Paulo State 13418-900, Brazil; (N.N.-G.); (R.C.d.S.)
| | - Richard Meadow
- Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 1433 Ås, Norway; (K.B.); (R.M.)
| | - José M. S. Bento
- Department of Entomology and Acarology, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, São Paulo State 13418-900, Brazil; (N.N.-G.); (R.C.d.S.)
- Correspondence:
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Nunes GDS, Truzi CC, do Nascimento J, de Paula FF, de Matos STS, Polanczyk RA, De Bortoli SA. Beauveria bassiana (Ascomycota: Hypocreales)-treated Diamondback Moth (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) Larvae Mediate the Preference and Functional Response of Euborellia annulipes (Dermaptera: Anisolabididae) Nymphs. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2019; 112:2614-2619. [PMID: 31353405 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toz207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Biological control is one of the strategies to reduce populations of diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), the major pest of brassica. Entomopathogen-based biopesticides are recommended and used for its control, reducing the constant use of chemical pesticides. Predators and/or fungal entomopathogens have an increasing interest to be used against diamondback moth, and the compatibility of these control agents in the field is important for pest management. Here we experimentally investigate the effects of diamondback moth larvae treated with a biopesticidal formulation of Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin in the feeding preference and functional response of the ring-legged earwig. We used untreated and B. bassiana-treated diamondback moth fourth instars (over a 24-h period of exposure) and Euborellia annulipes (Lucas) fifth instars. The nymphs were included in choice condition tests and different larval densities to the analysis of feeding preference and functional responses, respectively. Euborellia annulipes nymphs exhibited no feeding preference under choice conditions but presented different types of functional response: Type II on untreated and type III on fungus-treated diamondback moth larvae. The interaction between E. annulipes and B. bassiana observed in our study contributes to the understanding of the predator-prey-pathogen relationships with implications for P. xylostella integrated management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilmar da S Nunes
- Department of Crop Protection, São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Caio C Truzi
- Department of Crop Protection, São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Joacir do Nascimento
- Department of Crop Protection, São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Flávia F de Paula
- Department of Crop Protection, São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sidnéia T S de Matos
- Department of Crop Protection, São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ricardo A Polanczyk
- Department of Crop Protection, São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sergio A De Bortoli
- Department of Crop Protection, São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
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12
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Nunes GS, Ramalho DG, Dos Santos NA, Truzi CC, Vieira NF, Cardoso CP, De Bortoli SA. Parasitism-Mediated Interactions Between the Ring-Legged Earwig and Sugarcane Borer Larvae. NEOTROPICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2019; 48:919-926. [PMID: 31701476 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-019-00731-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Sugarcane is one of the most economically important crops in Brazil. The damage caused by Diatraea saccharalis (F.) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) results in high costs for its production. Cotesia flavipes Cameron (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) is the most efficient means of controlling this pest. The prohibition of burning and the preservation of soil cover through non-tillage practices increased many population densities of natural enemies of the sugarcane borer (SCB) in sugarcane fields. Euborellia annulipes (Lucas) (Dermaptera: Anisolabididae) is a predator found in sugarcane fields and is associated with predation of SCB. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of parasitism of D. saccharalis by C. flavipes on predation by E. annulipes adult females. For this purpose, fourth instar sugarcane borer larvae were exposed to parasitism over a 5-day period or were not parasitized. Subsequently, the prey was supplied to the predator in arenas under choice and no-choice conditions and under different densities to evaluate the feeding preference over a 12-h period and functional response of the predator over a 24-h period. E. annulipes killed 2-3 fourth instar larvae of the sugarcane borer over a 12-h period. SCB parasitism did not affect the feeding preference of the predator and did not alter the type II functional response. However, the handling time of the predator was lower (1.943 h) and there was a higher T/Th ratio on the non-parasitized larvae (12.352). Our findings indicate E. annulipes as a promising biological control agent of D. saccharalis, with a potential to assist in the sugarcane borer management approaches and could to reduce the costs of parasitoid release in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- G S Nunes
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Univ Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil.
| | - D G Ramalho
- Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras, Univ de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - N A Dos Santos
- Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras, Univ de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - C C Truzi
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Univ Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil
| | - N F Vieira
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Univ Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil
| | - C P Cardoso
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Univ Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil
| | - S A De Bortoli
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Univ Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil
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13
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Turlings TCJ, Erb M. Tritrophic Interactions Mediated by Herbivore-Induced Plant Volatiles: Mechanisms, Ecological Relevance, and Application Potential. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ENTOMOLOGY 2018; 63:433-452. [PMID: 29324043 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ento-020117-043507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 326] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Tritrophic interactions between plants, herbivores, and their natural enemies are an integral part of all terrestrial ecosystems. Herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) play a key role in these interactions, as they can attract predators and parasitoids to herbivore-attacked plants. Thirty years after this discovery, the ecological importance of the phenomena is widely recognized. However, the primary function of HIPVs is still subject to much debate, as is the possibility of using these plant-produced cues in crop protection. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the role of HIPVs in tritrophic interactions from an ecological as well as a mechanistic perspective. This overview focuses on the main gaps in our knowledge of tritrophic interactions, and we argue that filling these gaps will greatly facilitate efforts to exploit HIPVs for pest control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ted C J Turlings
- Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Research in Chemical Ecology, University of Neuchâtel, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland;
| | - Matthias Erb
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, 3013 Bern, Switzerland;
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