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Clevert DA, Beyer G, Nieß H, Schlenker B. Ultrasound-New Techniques Are Extending the Applications. DEUTSCHES ARZTEBLATT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 120:41-47. [PMID: 36519209 DOI: 10.3238/arztebl.m2022.0380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sonography is often the first imaging procedure to be used in diagnostic investigation of the abdomen. The aim of this article is to provide a new interdisciplinary overview of recent groundbreaking advances in this modality. METHODS A selective survey of the literature in PubMed was conducted. The literature search was carried out in 2021-2022 and included publications over the period 2004-2022. RESULTS The novel sonographic software techniques can be divided into algorithms that deal with conventional B-scan optimization and new programs that extend the scope of sonographic examination. The latter include elastography, contrast-enhanced sonography, and image fusion in combination with other cross-sectional imaging modalities. Elastography can be used to assess the presence of steatosis, fibrosis, or cirrhosis in patients with liver disease. One study reported diagnostic accuracy of 84-87% for the diagnosis of significant fibrosis (F2), 89-91% for the diagnosis of severe fibrosis (F3), and 92-93% for the diagnosis of liver cirrhosis (F4). Contrast-enhanced sonography is used for evaluation of tumors and trauma. A prospective multicenter study found sensitivity of 95.8% for the characterization of malignant lesions and specificity of 83.1% for benign lesions. Image fusion has the potential to improve the diagnostic assessment of parenchymatous organs, vascular conditions, and the prostate. CONCLUSION With continuous improvement of the B-scan and the development of high-frequency probes and novel investigation techniques, sonography has become established as an increasingly autonomous examination procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk-André Clevert
- Department of Radiology, Interdisciplinary Ultrasound-Center, University Hospital of Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Germany; Medical Department III,Interdisciplinary Ultrasound-Center, University Hospital of Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Germany; Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital of Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Germany; University Hospital of Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Germany
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Borea R, Favero D, Miceli A, Donegani MI, Raffa S, Gandini A, Cremante M, Marini C, Sambuceti G, Zanardi E, Morbelli S, Fornarini G, Rebuzzi SE, Bauckneht M. Beyond the Prognostic Value of 2-[18F]FDG PET/CT in Prostate Cancer: A Case Series and Literature Review Focusing on the Diagnostic Value and Impact on Patient Management. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12030581. [PMID: 35328134 PMCID: PMC8947589 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12030581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (FDG PET/CT) in the management of prostate cancer (PCa) patients is increasingly recognised. However, its clinical role is still controversial. Many published studies showed that FDG PET/CT might have a prognostic value in the metastatic castration-resistant phase of the disease, but its role in other settings of PCa and, more importantly, its impact on final clinical management remains to be further investigated. We describe a series of six representative clinical cases of PCa in different clinical settings, but all characterised by a measurable clinical impact of FDG PET/CT on the patients’ management. Starting from their clinical history, we report a concise narrative literature review on the advantages and limitations of FDG PET/CT beyond its prognostic value in PCa. What emerges is that in selected cases, this imaging technique may represent a useful tool in managing PCa patients. However, in the absence of dedicated studies to define the optimal clinical setting of its application, no standard recommendations on its use in PCa patients can be made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Borea
- Medical Oncology Unit 1, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (Di.M.I.), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Diletta Favero
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (Di.M.I.), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy
- Medical Oncology Unit 2, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Alberto Miceli
- Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy
- Nuclear Medicine, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Maria Isabella Donegani
- Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy
- Nuclear Medicine, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Stefano Raffa
- Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy
- Nuclear Medicine, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Annalice Gandini
- Medical Oncology Unit 1, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (Di.M.I.), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Malvina Cremante
- Medical Oncology Unit 1, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (Di.M.I.), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Cecilia Marini
- Nuclear Medicine, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
- CNR Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology (IBFM), 20054 Segrate, Italy
| | - Gianmario Sambuceti
- Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy
- Nuclear Medicine, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Elisa Zanardi
- Academic Unit of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Silvia Morbelli
- Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy
- Nuclear Medicine, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Fornarini
- Medical Oncology Unit 1, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Sara Elena Rebuzzi
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (Di.M.I.), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy
- Medical Oncology Unit, Ospedale San Paolo, 17100 Savona, Italy
| | - Matteo Bauckneht
- Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy
- Nuclear Medicine, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
- Correspondence:
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