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Aksoy C, Reimold P, Schumann A, Schneidewind L, Karschuck P, Flegar L, Leitsmann M, Heers H, Huber J, Zacharis A, Ihrig A. Enhancing Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Rates through Better Knowledge? Insights from a Survey among German Medical Students. Urol Int 2024; 108:153-158. [PMID: 38246131 PMCID: PMC10994630 DOI: 10.1159/000536257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Vaccination against human papillomavirus (HPV) significantly reduces the risk for malignant diseases like cervix, anal, or penile cancer. However, although vaccination rates are rising, they are still too low mirroring a lack of disease awareness in the community. This study aims to evaluate knowledge about HPV vaccination as well as the vaccination rate among German medical students. MATERIAL AND METHODS Medical students were surveyed during a German medical students' sports event. The self-designed survey on HPV vaccination consisted of 24 items. The data collection was anonymous. RESULTS Among 974 participating medical students 64.9% (632) were women, 335 (34.4%) were male and 7 (0.7%) were nonbinary. Mean age was 23.1 ± 2.7 (± standard deviation; range 18-35) years. Respondents had studied mean 6.6 ± 3.3 (1-16) semesters and 39.4% (383) had completed medical education in urology. 613 (64%) respondents reported that HPV had been discussed during their studies. 7.6% (74) had never heard of HPV. In a multivariate model female gender, the knowledge about HPV, and having worked on the topic were significantly associated with being HPV-vaccinated. Older students were vaccinated less likely. CONCLUSIONS Better knowledge and having worked on the topic of HPV were associated with a higher vaccination rate. However, even in this highly selected group the knowledge about HPV vaccination was low. Consequently, more information and awareness campaigns on HPV vaccination are needed in Germany to increase vaccination rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cem Aksoy
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Philipp Reimold
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Annika Schumann
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Laila Schneidewind
- Department of Urology, University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Philipp Karschuck
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Luka Flegar
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Marianne Leitsmann
- Department of Urology, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
- Institute for Applied Quality Improvement and Research in Health Care GmbH, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Hendrik Heers
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Huber
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | | | - Andreas Ihrig
- Division of Psychooncology, Department of General Internal Medicine and Psychosomatic, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Orzechowska M, Cybulski M, Krajewska-Kulak E, Sobolewski M, Gniadek A, Niczyporuk W. Comparative Analysis of the Incidence of Selected Sexually Transmitted Viral Infections in Poland in 2010-2015: A Retrospective Cohort Study. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11123448. [PMID: 35743518 PMCID: PMC9225430 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11123448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) represent a major cause of morbidity in women and men worldwide. The main aim of this study was to perform a comparative analysis of the incidence of sexually transmitted viral infections in 2010–2015 in Poland, taking into account the administrative division of the country into provinces. This was a retrospective study. The analysed data came from the Centre for Health Information Systems of the Ministry of Health and the National Institute of Public Health-National Research Institute and constituted information from the epidemiological surveillance system in Poland. We collected data on the incidence of the following diseases: genital herpes (HSV), genital warts, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The key groups with the highest risk of infection were young people between 20 and 29 years of age. The reported data on the incidence of genital herpes in Poland (n = 3378; 1.5/100,000) showed a downward trend, which does not coincide with global trends. Genital warts were the most frequent genital infections in Poland (n = 7980; 3.46/100,000), with significant regional variation. Over the analysed period, the situation of newly detected HIV infections seemed to be stable (n = 7144; 3.1/100,000). The incidence of these infections appeared to be highly correlated with urbanisation rates, which was not confirmed in the case of other analysed infections. The worsening epidemic situation with respect to sexually transmitted infections, the inefficiency of the current surveillance system and the reduction in funding for diagnosis and prevention, combined with inadequate legal solutions, make it necessary to undertake new legal and organisational measures aimed at improving the reproductive health in Poland in terms of sexually transmitted infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magda Orzechowska
- Department of Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases and Supervision, National Institute of Public Health/National Research Institute, 00-791 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-(22)-542-12-04
| | - Mateusz Cybulski
- Department of Integrated Medical Care, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-096 Bialystok, Poland; (M.C.); (E.K.-K.)
| | - Elzbieta Krajewska-Kulak
- Department of Integrated Medical Care, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-096 Bialystok, Poland; (M.C.); (E.K.-K.)
| | - Marek Sobolewski
- Department of Quantitative Methods, Rzeszow University of Technology, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka Gniadek
- Institute of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-501 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Wiaczeslaw Niczyporuk
- Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Lomza State University of Applied Sciences, 18-400 Lomza, Poland;
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Buderath P, Stukan M, Ruhwedel W, Strutas D, Feisel-Schwickardi G, Wimberger P, Kimmig R. Total mesometrial resection (TMMR) for cervical cancer FIGO IB-IIA: first results from the multicentric TMMR register study. J Gynecol Oncol 2021; 33:e9. [PMID: 34910390 PMCID: PMC8728671 DOI: 10.3802/jgo.2022.33.e9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Available data on total mesometrial resection and therapeutic lymphadenectomy (TMMR+tLNE) for the treatment of cervical cancer show excellent locoregional control rates without adjuvant chemoradiation. In 116 patients with cervical cancer stages IB–IIA the overall recurrence rate was 7.8% in a median follow-up time of 24 months. Locoregional recurrences occurred in 6.0% of patients. Objective The surgical concept of total mesometrial resection (TMMR) and therapeutic lymphadenectomy (tLNE) for the treatment of early cervical cancer is based on the ontogenetic cancer field model. Unicentric data show excellent locoregional control rates without adjuvant chemoradiation. However, there are so far no prospective, multicentric data supporting the method. Methods The multicentric TMMR register study was designed to answer the question whether the concept of TMMR+tLNE could be transferred to different centers and surgeons without compromising the outstanding oncologic results described in a unicentric setting. Results In 116 patients with cervical cancer stages IB–IIA, (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics [FIGO] 2018), who underwent TMMR/tLNE, 25.0% were lymph node-positive. pT stages were pT1a in 3 patients (2.6%), pT1b1 in 82 (70.7%), pT1b2 in 18 (15.5%), pT2a in 4 (3.5%) and pT2b in 9 (7.8%). The overall recurrence rate was 7.8% in a median follow-up time of 24 months (6–80). Locoregional recurrences occurred in 6.0% of patients. One patient (0.9%) died from the disease during the observation period. Conclusion These are the first multicentric data on the surgical concept of TMMR and tLNE for the treatment of cervical cancer FIGO IB–IIA. We were able to reproduce the excellent oncologic data described for the method albeit with a relatively short median observation time. A randomized controlled trial seems warranted to definitely establish TMMR+tLNE as the method of choice for the treatment of early cervical cancer. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01819077
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Buderath
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.
| | - Maciej Stukan
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Gdynia Oncology Center, Pomeranian Hospitals, Gdynia, Poland
| | - Wencke Ruhwedel
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Klinikum Gütersloh, Gütersloh, Germany
| | - Deivis Strutas
- Department of Gynecology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | - Pauline Wimberger
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital of Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Rainer Kimmig
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
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Denecke A, Iftner T, Iftner A, Riedle S, Ocak M, Luyten A, Üye I, Tunc K, Petry KU. Significant decline of HPV 6 infection and genital warts despite low HPV vaccination coverage in young women in Germany: a long-term prospective, cohort data analysis. BMC Infect Dis 2021; 21:634. [PMID: 34215215 PMCID: PMC8252220 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-021-06139-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The introduction of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination has resulted in a remarkable decline of genital warts in women and men, but in Germany historical rates of vaccination are relatively low. We report long-term surveillance data on changes in HPV 6 and HPV 11 infection and the prevalence of genital warts in young women in the Wolfsburg HPV epidemiological study (WOLVES). METHODS Women born in 1983/84, 1988/89, and 1993/94 participated in four cohorts between 2009/10 and 2014/15. Quadrivalent vaccination coverage and prevalence of HPV 6/11 infection and genital warts are reported for participants aged 19-22 years and 24-27 years at the time of sample collection. Statistical analyses were done to compare similarly aged participants using 2 × 2 contingency tables (Röhmel-Mansmann unconditional exact test; two-side alpha of 0.05). RESULTS A total of 2456 women were recruited. Between 2010 and 2015, there was a statistically significant decrease in the prevalence of HPV 6 infection among women aged 24-27 years (2.1% versus 0.0%; P < 0.0001) and women aged 19-22 years (2.0% versus 0.0%; P = 0.0056). There was no significant decline in HPV 11 infection. In total, 52 of 2341 participants were diagnosed with genital warts. There was a statistically significant drop in the risk of developing genital warts in women aged 24-27 years between 2010 and 2015 (4.7% versus 1.7%, respectively; P = 0.0018). The overall risk of developing genital warts in women aged 19-27 years decreased from 3.1% in 2010 to 1.2% in 2015 (P = 0.0022). CONCLUSIONS An increase in vaccination coverage was associated with a decreased prevalence of genital warts in young women. A protective effect greater than herd immunity alone was seen despite low vaccination rates. Quadrivalent vaccine had a protective effect on genital HPV 6 infection and an almost fully protective effect on the development of genital warts in the youngest population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Denecke
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Klinikum Wolfsburg, Wolfsburg, Germany. .,Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Medical Hannover School, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Thomas Iftner
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Angelika Iftner
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Riedle
- MD research, Statistics in clinical research, Pullach i, Isartal, Germany
| | - Marion Ocak
- MD research, Statistics in clinical research, Pullach i, Isartal, Germany
| | | | - Isak Üye
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Klinikum Wolfsburg, Wolfsburg, Germany
| | - Kübra Tunc
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Klinikum Wolfsburg, Wolfsburg, Germany
| | - Karl Ulrich Petry
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Klinikum Wolfsburg, Wolfsburg, Germany
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Abstract
Impfmedizin zählt zu den effektivsten Waffen der Menschheit im Kampf gegen unterschiedliche Infektionskrankheiten. Ärzte aller Fachrichtungen sollten deshalb nicht nur regelmäßig Kenntnis von Impfungen erlangen, sondern diese auch aktiv in ihrer täglichen Arbeit anbieten. Urologen können gleich mit diversen Impfangeboten dazu beitragen, die Gesundheit ihrer Patienten zukünftig besser zu schützen. Neben HPV-Impfung (humane Papillomaviren) von Kindern und Jugendlichen soll gerade auch an Patienten über 60 Jahren in diesem Beitrag gezeigt werden, wie Urologen als Impfärzte ihrer Verantwortung zur Umsetzung der staatlichen Impfempfehlungen nachkommen können. Unter anderem können HPV-Impfungen bewirken, eine evolutionäre Erblast der Menschheit endlich zu tilgen. Spezielle Altersimpfungen ab 60 Jahren sollen neben Standardimpfungen gegen Tetanus, Diphtherie und Pertussis insbesondere auch vor Pneumokokken, Influenza und Herpes zoster schützen. Und eines Tages werden Urologen möglicherweise Patienten auch vor COVID-19 („coronavirus disease 2019“) bewahren, die Krankheit, die Impfungen aktuell wieder ins globale Bewusstsein rückte.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Schneede
- Klinikum Memmingen, Lehrkrankenhaus der LMU München, München, Deutschland.
- Urologische Klinik, Klinikum Memmingen, Bismarckstraße 23, 87700, Memmingen, Deutschland.
| | - J B Schneede
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität, Würzburg, Deutschland
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Abstract
Effective vaccines against various urologically important diseases have been established for a long time, nevertheless, vaccination activities are generally underperformed in urology. Consistently low vaccination rates, e.g. for human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines and a widespread vaccination hesitancy characterize the situation especially in men. This article highlights the importance of various aspects of vaccinations in urology and focuses on the improvement of consultation techniques for vaccinations to increase the vaccination rate and acceptance in the future.
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Abstract
Due to the lack of an established school-based immunization program, the initial German public funded girls-only human papillomavirus (HPV)-vaccination strategy failed. Over the last decade, the female coverage rates have not exceeded much more than 40%, thus, missing herd immunity for boys. Therefore, the German HPV immunization program has been revised and currently recommends a gender-neutral HPV vaccination for all children aged 9-14 years to prevent all HPV-related tumors which can be prevented by immunization. In order to correct the mistaken German impression of this being an issue relevant only to females, this article highlights the HPV disease burden in men which mostly can be prevented by timely immunization of boys. German urologists have started a campaign: HPV prevention is a man's business.
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Schneede P, Schlenker B. [Human papillomavirus and penile cancer : Thinking about measures for prevention]. Urologe A 2019; 57:413-417. [PMID: 29484460 DOI: 10.1007/s00120-018-0597-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Two major pathways of penile carcinogenesis are known: human papillomavirus (HPV)-induced penile cancer and HPV-negative cancers associated with chronic dermatoses. Therefore, modern measures for prevention of penile cancer may for example include prophylactic HPV vaccination. The resulting B‑cell-mediated immunity to HPV capsid proteins is effective protection against future HPV infections. Contrarily when treating existing HPV infections or HPV-associated cancers an antigen-specific T‑cell immunity is necessary. To date, screening and treatment of precancerous lesions to prevent penile cancer are not established in the German health care program and the highly expected therapeutic HPV vaccines are still on the horizon. In this article, we focus on possible strategies to prevent HPV-related penile cancer on different levels of carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Schneede
- Urologische Klinik, Klinikum Memmingen, Bismarckstraße 23, 87700, Memmingen, Deutschland.
| | - B Schlenker
- Klinikum der Universität München, Großhadern, München, Deutschland
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[Anogenital warts and HPV-associated precancers : Looking into the recently passed German S2k guideline]. Urologe A 2019; 57:453-457. [PMID: 29427023 DOI: 10.1007/s00120-018-0580-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Anogenital warts are the most frequently sexually transmitted disease caused by viral infections worldwide. People's lifetime risk to suffer from this disease or HPV-associated precancers counts to more than 10%. The therapy and the recurrence rates of both disorders continue to be challenging in Germany because the coverage rate of the preventive HPV vaccination is still insufficient. This underlines the importance of a recently passed interdisciplinary German guideline on anogenital HPV lesions. This article summarizes the main aspects of the new guideline. Specialists should be consulted by children, pregnant women, individuals suffering from immunodeficiency and people frequently having relapses of HPV-associated diseases or having lesions being accessible only endoscopically.
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