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Filippi CV, Corro Molas A, Dominguez M, Colombo D, Heinz N, Troglia C, Maringolo C, Quiroz F, Alvarez D, Lia V, Paniego N. Genome-Wide Association Studies in Sunflower: Towards Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Diaporthe/Phomopsis Resistance Breeding. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:2357. [PMID: 36553624 PMCID: PMC9777803 DOI: 10.3390/genes13122357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Diseases caused by necrotrophic fungi, such as the cosmopolitan Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and the Diaporthe/Phomopsis complex, are among the most destructive diseases of sunflower worldwide. The lack of complete resistance combined with the inefficiency of chemical control makes assisted breeding the best strategy for disease control. In this work, we present an integrated genome-wide association (GWA) study investigating the response of a diverse panel of sunflower inbred lines to both pathogens. Phenotypic data for Sclerotinia head rot (SHR) consisted of five disease descriptors (disease incidence, DI; disease severity, DS; area under the disease progress curve for DI, AUDPCI, and DS, AUDPCS; and incubation period, IP). Two disease descriptors (DI and DS) were evaluated for two manifestations of Diaporthe/Phomopsis: Phomopsis stem canker (PSC) and Phomopsis head rot (PHR). In addition, a principal component (PC) analysis was used to derive transformed phenotypes as inputs to a univariate GWA (PC-GWA). Genotypic data comprised a panel of 4269 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP), generated via genotyping-by-sequencing. The GWA analysis revealed 24 unique marker-trait associations for SHR, 19 unique marker-trait associations for Diaporthe/Phomopsis diseases, and 7 markers associated with PC1 and PC2. No common markers were found for the response to the two pathogens. Nevertheless, epistatic interactions were identified between markers significantly associated with the response to S. sclerotiorum and Diaporthe/Phomopsis. This suggests that, while the main determinants of resistance may differ for the two pathogens, there could be an underlying common genetic basis. The exploration of regions physically close to the associated markers yielded 364 genes, of which 19 were predicted as putative disease resistance genes. This work presents the first simultaneous evaluation of two manifestations of Diaporthe/Phomopsis in sunflower, and undertakes a comprehensive GWA study by integrating PSC, PHR, and SHR data. The multiple regions identified, and their exploration to identify candidate genes, contribute not only to the understanding of the genetic basis of resistance, but also to the development of tools for assisted breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Valeria Filippi
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica, Departamento de Biología Vegetal, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de la República, Avenida Garzón 780, Montevideo 12900, Uruguay
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular–IABiMo–INTA-CONICET, Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas, INTA, Hurlingham B1686, Argentina
| | - Andres Corro Molas
- Agencia De Extensión Rural General Pico, INTA, Calle 13 N° 857, Gral. Pico L6360, Argentina
| | - Matias Dominguez
- Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Pergamino, INTA, Av. Frondizi Km 4.5, Pergamino B2700, Argentina
| | - Denis Colombo
- Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Anguil, INTA, Ruta Nacional 5 Km 580, Anguil L6326, Argentina
| | - Nicolas Heinz
- Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Manfredi, INTA, Ruta Nac. nro. 9 km 636, Manfredi X5988, Argentina
| | - Carolina Troglia
- Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce, INTA, Ruta 226 Km 73.5, Balcarce B7620, Argentina
| | - Carla Maringolo
- Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce, INTA, Ruta 226 Km 73.5, Balcarce B7620, Argentina
| | - Facundo Quiroz
- Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce, INTA, Ruta 226 Km 73.5, Balcarce B7620, Argentina
| | - Daniel Alvarez
- Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Manfredi, INTA, Ruta Nac. nro. 9 km 636, Manfredi X5988, Argentina
| | - Veronica Lia
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular–IABiMo–INTA-CONICET, Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas, INTA, Hurlingham B1686, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Intendente Güiraldes 2160, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1428, Argentina
| | - Norma Paniego
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular–IABiMo–INTA-CONICET, Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas, INTA, Hurlingham B1686, Argentina
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Talukder ZI, Underwood W, Misar CG, Seiler GJ, Cai X, Li X, Qi L. A Quantitative Genetic Study of Sclerotinia Head Rot Resistance Introgressed from the Wild Perennial Helianthus maximiliani into Cultivated Sunflower ( Helianthus annuus L.). Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147727. [PMID: 35887074 PMCID: PMC9321925 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Sclerotinia head rot (HR), caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, is an economically important disease of sunflower with known detrimental effects on yield and quality in humid climates worldwide. The objective of this study was to gain insight into the genetic architecture of HR resistance from a sunflower line HR21 harboring HR resistance introgressed from the wild perennial Helianthus maximiliani. An F2 population derived from the cross of HA 234 (susceptible-line)/HR21 (resistant-line) was evaluated for HR resistance at two locations during 2019−2020. Highly significant genetic variations (p < 0.001) were observed for HR disease incidence (DI) and disease severity (DS) in both individual and combined analyses. Broad sense heritability (H2) estimates across environments for DI and DS were 0.51 and 0.62, respectively. A high-density genetic map of 1420.287 cM was constructed with 6315 SNP/InDel markers developed using genotype-by-sequencing technology. A total of 16 genomic regions on eight sunflower chromosomes, 1, 2, 10, 12, 13, 14, 16 and 17 were associated with HR resistance, each explaining between 3.97 to 16.67% of the phenotypic variance for HR resistance. Eleven of these QTL had resistance alleles from the HR21 parent. Molecular markers flanking the QTL will facilitate marker-assisted selection breeding for HR resistance in sunflower.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahirul I. Talukder
- Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108, USA; (Z.I.T.); (X.L.)
| | - William Underwood
- USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Edward T. Schafer Agricultural Research Center, 1616 Albrecht Blvd. N., Fargo, ND 58102, USA; (W.U.); (C.G.M.); (G.J.S.)
| | - Christopher G. Misar
- USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Edward T. Schafer Agricultural Research Center, 1616 Albrecht Blvd. N., Fargo, ND 58102, USA; (W.U.); (C.G.M.); (G.J.S.)
| | - Gerald J. Seiler
- USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Edward T. Schafer Agricultural Research Center, 1616 Albrecht Blvd. N., Fargo, ND 58102, USA; (W.U.); (C.G.M.); (G.J.S.)
| | - Xiwen Cai
- USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Wheat, Sorghum and Forage Research Unit, 251 Filley Hall, 1625 Arbor Drive, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA;
| | - Xuehui Li
- Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108, USA; (Z.I.T.); (X.L.)
| | - Lili Qi
- USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Edward T. Schafer Agricultural Research Center, 1616 Albrecht Blvd. N., Fargo, ND 58102, USA; (W.U.); (C.G.M.); (G.J.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-701-239-1351
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Pogoda CS, Reinert S, Talukder ZI, Attia Z, Collier-Zans ECE, Gulya TJ, Kane NC, Hulke BS. Genetic loci underlying quantitative resistance to necrotrophic pathogens Sclerotinia and Diaporthe (Phomopsis), and correlated resistance to both pathogens. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2021; 134:249-259. [PMID: 33106896 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-020-03694-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We provide results rooted in quantitative genetics, which combined with knowledge of candidate gene function, helps us to better understand the resistance to two major necrotrophic pathogens of sunflower. Necrotrophic pathogens can avoid or even benefit from plant defenses used against biotrophic pathogens, and thus represent a distinct challenge to plant populations in natural and agricultural systems. Sclerotinia and Phomopsis/Diaporthe are detrimental pathogens for many dicotyledonous plants, including many economically important plants. With no well-established methods to prevent infection in susceptible plants, host-plant resistance is currently the most effective strategy. Despite knowledge of a moderate, positive correlation in resistance to the two diseases in sunflower, detailed analysis of the genetics, in the same populations, has not been conducted. We present results of genome-wide analysis of resistance to both pathogens in a diversity panel of 218 domesticated sunflower genotypes of worldwide origin. We identified 14 Sclerotinia head rot and 7 Phomopsis stem canker unique QTLs, plus 1 co-located QTL for both traits, and observed extensive patterns of linkage disequilibrium between sites for both traits. Most QTLs contained one credible candidate gene, and gene families were common for the two disease resistance traits. These results suggest there has been strong, simultaneous selection for resistance to these two diseases and that a generalized mechanism for defense against these necrotrophic pathogens exists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cloe S Pogoda
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Department, University of Colorado, 1900 Pleasant Street, 334 UCB, Boulder, CO, 80309-0334, USA
| | - Stephan Reinert
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Department, University of Colorado, 1900 Pleasant Street, 334 UCB, Boulder, CO, 80309-0334, USA
| | - Zahirul I Talukder
- Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, 166 Loftsgard Hall, Fargo, ND, 58108-6050, USA
| | - Ziv Attia
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Department, University of Colorado, 1900 Pleasant Street, 334 UCB, Boulder, CO, 80309-0334, USA
| | - Erin C E Collier-Zans
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Department, University of Colorado, 1900 Pleasant Street, 334 UCB, Boulder, CO, 80309-0334, USA
| | - Thomas J Gulya
- USDA-ARS Edward T Schafer Agricultural Research Center, 1616 Albrecht Blvd. N., Fargo, ND, 58102-2765, USA
| | - Nolan C Kane
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Department, University of Colorado, 1900 Pleasant Street, 334 UCB, Boulder, CO, 80309-0334, USA
| | - Brent S Hulke
- USDA-ARS Edward T Schafer Agricultural Research Center, 1616 Albrecht Blvd. N., Fargo, ND, 58102-2765, USA.
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Filippi CV, Zubrzycki JE, Di Rienzo JA, Quiroz FJ, Puebla AF, Alvarez D, Maringolo CA, Escande AR, Hopp HE, Heinz RA, Paniego NB, Lia VV. Unveiling the genetic basis of Sclerotinia head rot resistance in sunflower. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:322. [PMID: 32641108 PMCID: PMC7346337 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02529-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is a necrotrophic fungus that causes Sclerotinia head rot (SHR) in sunflower, with epidemics leading to severe yield losses. In this work, we present an association mapping (AM) approach to investigate the genetic basis of natural resistance to SHR in cultivated sunflower, the fourth most widely grown oilseed crop in the world. RESULTS Our association mapping population (AMP), which comprises 135 inbred breeding lines (ILs), was genotyped using 27 candidate genes, a panel of 9 Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) markers previously associated with SHR resistance via bi-parental mapping, and a set of 384 SNPs located in genes with molecular functions related to stress responses. Moreover, given the complexity of the trait, we evaluated four disease descriptors (i.e, disease incidence, disease severity, area under the disease progress curve for disease incidence, and incubation period). As a result, this work constitutes the most exhaustive AM study of disease resistance in sunflower performed to date. Mixed linear models accounting for population structure and kinship relatedness were used for the statistical analysis of phenotype-genotype associations, allowing the identification of 13 markers associated with disease reduction. The number of favourable alleles was negatively correlated to disease incidence, disease severity and area under the disease progress curve for disease incidence, whereas it was positevily correlated to the incubation period. CONCLUSIONS Four of the markers identified here as associated with SHR resistance (HA1848, HaCOI_1, G33 and G34) validate previous research, while other four novel markers (SNP117, SNP136, SNP44, SNP128) were consistently associated with SHR resistance, emerging as promising candidates for marker-assisted breeding. From the germplasm point of view, the five ILs carrying the largest combination of resistance alleles provide a valuable resource for sunflower breeding programs worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- C V Filippi
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas (CICVyA), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA); Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO), INTA-CONICET Nicolas Repetto y Los Reseros s/n (1686), Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas-CONICET, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - J E Zubrzycki
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas (CICVyA), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA); Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO), INTA-CONICET Nicolas Repetto y Los Reseros s/n (1686), Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Present address: Biocódices, San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - J A Di Rienzo
- Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ing Agr. Felix Aldo Marrone 746 (5000), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - F J Quiroz
- Estación Experimental Agropecuaria INTA Balcarce, Ruta 226 Km 73.5 (7620), Balcarce, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - A F Puebla
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas (CICVyA), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA); Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO), INTA-CONICET Nicolas Repetto y Los Reseros s/n (1686), Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - D Alvarez
- Estación Experimental Agropecuaria INTA Manfredi, Ruta 9 Km 636 (5988), Manfredi, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - C A Maringolo
- Estación Experimental Agropecuaria INTA Balcarce, Ruta 226 Km 73.5 (7620), Balcarce, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - A R Escande
- Estación Experimental Agropecuaria INTA Balcarce, Ruta 226 Km 73.5 (7620), Balcarce, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - H E Hopp
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas (CICVyA), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA); Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO), INTA-CONICET Nicolas Repetto y Los Reseros s/n (1686), Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad de Buenos Aires, Intendente Güiraldes 2160, (1428), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - R A Heinz
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas (CICVyA), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA); Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO), INTA-CONICET Nicolas Repetto y Los Reseros s/n (1686), Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas-CONICET, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad de Buenos Aires, Intendente Güiraldes 2160, (1428), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - N B Paniego
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas (CICVyA), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA); Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO), INTA-CONICET Nicolas Repetto y Los Reseros s/n (1686), Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas-CONICET, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - V V Lia
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas (CICVyA), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA); Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO), INTA-CONICET Nicolas Repetto y Los Reseros s/n (1686), Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas-CONICET, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad de Buenos Aires, Intendente Güiraldes 2160, (1428), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Sun H, Kav NNV, Liang Y, Sun L, Chen W. Proteome of the fungus Phoma macdonaldii, the causal agent of black stem of sunflower. J Proteomics 2020; 225:103878. [PMID: 32535146 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2020.103878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Phoma macdonaldii causes black stem of sunflower, which severely affects sunflower yield and quality. There is currently little molecular information available for this pathogenic fungus. In this study, a global proteomic analysis of P. macdonaldii was performed to determine the biological characteristics and pathogenicity of this pathogen. A total of 1498 proteins were identified by LC-MS/MS in all biological replicates. Among the identified proteins, 1420 proteins were classified into the three main GO categories (biological process, cellular component, and molecular function) while 806 proteins were annotated into the five major KEGG database (metabolism, genetic information processing, environmental information processing, cellular processes, and organismal systems). The regulated expression levels of eight genes encoding selected identified proteins were investigated to assess their potential effects on fungal development and pathogenesis. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to characterize the proteome of the necrotrophic fungus P. macdonaldii. The presented results provide novel insights into the development and pathogenesis of P. macdonaldii and possibly other Phoma species. SIGNIFICANCE: Black stem of sunflower is a devastating disease caused by the necrotrophic fungus Phoma macdonaldii. Relatively little is known regarding the molecular characteristics of this pathogen, and no proteomic investigation has been reported. Thus, we conducted a global proteomic analysis of P. macdonaldii. Many proteins were found to be differentially regulated during fungal development and pathogenesis, suggesting they may be important for these two processes. This is the first proteomic study of P. macdonaldii, and the data presented herein will be useful for elucidating the molecular characteristics of this fungus as well as other Phoma species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiying Sun
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Nat N V Kav
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2P5, Canada
| | - Yue Liang
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China.
| | - Lin Sun
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Weimin Chen
- Xinjiang Yili Vocational Technical College, Yining 835000, China
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Wang Z, Ma LY, Cao J, Li YL, Ding LN, Zhu KM, Yang YH, Tan XL. Recent Advances in Mechanisms of Plant Defense to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:1314. [PMID: 31681392 PMCID: PMC6813280 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary is an unusual pathogen which has the broad host range, diverse infection modes, and potential double feeding lifestyles of both biotroph and necrotroph. It is capable of infecting over 400 plant species found worldwide and more than 60 names have agriculturally been used to refer to diseases caused by this pathogen. Plant defense to S. sclerotiorum is a complex biological process and exhibits a typical quantitative disease resistance (QDR) response. Recent studies using Arabidopsis thaliana and crop plants have obtained new advances in mechanisms used by plants to cope with S. sclerotiorum infection. In this review, we focused on our current understanding on plant defense mechanisms against this pathogen, and set up a model for the defense process including three stages: recognition of this pathogen, signal transduction and defense response. We also have a particular interest in defense signaling mediated by diverse signaling molecules. We highlight the current challenges and unanswered questions in both the defense process and defense signaling. Essentially, we discussed candidate resistance genes newly mapped by using high-throughput experiments in important crops, and classified these potential gene targets into different stages of the defense process, which will broaden our understanding of the genetic architecture underlying quantitative resistance to S. sclerotiorum. We proposed that more powerful mapping population(s) will be required for accurate and reliable QDR gene identification.
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Zubrzycki JE, Maringolo CA, Filippi CV, Quiróz FJ, Nishinakamasu V, Puebla AF, Di Rienzo JA, Escande A, Lia VV, Heinz RA, Hopp HE, Cervigni GDL, Paniego NB. Main and epistatic QTL analyses for Sclerotinia Head Rot resistance in sunflower. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0189859. [PMID: 29261806 PMCID: PMC5738076 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Sclerotinia Head Rot (SHR), a disease caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, is one of the most limiting factors in sunflower production. In this study, we identified genomic loci associated with resistance to SHR to support the development of assisted breeding strategies. We genotyped 114 Recombinant Inbred Lines (RILs) along with their parental lines (PAC2 -partially resistant-and RHA266 -susceptible-) by using a 384 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) Illumina Oligo Pool Assay to saturate a sunflower genetic map. Subsequently, we tested these lines for SHR resistance using assisted inoculations with S. sclerotiorum ascospores. We also conducted a randomized complete-block assays with three replicates to visually score disease incidence (DI), disease severity (DS), disease intensity (DInt) and incubation period (IP) through four field trials (2010-2014). We finally assessed main effect quantitative trait loci (M-QTLs) and epistatic QTLs (E-QTLs) by composite interval mapping (CIM) and mixed-model-based composite interval mapping (MCIM), respectively. As a result of this study, the improved map incorporates 61 new SNPs over candidate genes. We detected a broad range of narrow sense heritability (h2) values (1.86-59.9%) as well as 36 M-QTLs and 13 E-QTLs along 14 linkage groups (LGs). On LG1, LG10, and LG15, we repeatedly detected QTLs across field trials; which emphasizes their putative effectiveness against SHR. In all selected variables, most of the identified QTLs showed high determination coefficients, associated with moderate to high heritability values. Using markers shared with previous Sclerotinia resistance studies, we compared the QTL locations in LG1, LG2, LG8, LG10, LG11, LG15 and LG16. This study constitutes the largest report of QTLs for SHR resistance in sunflower. Further studies focusing on the regions in LG1, LG10, and LG15 harboring the detected QTLs are necessary to identify causal alleles and contribute to unraveling the complex genetic basis governing the resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremías Enrique Zubrzycki
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Agronómicas y Veterinarias, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carla Andrea Maringolo
- Laboratorio de Patología Vegetal, Unidad Integrada Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Estación Experimental Agropecuaria INTA Balcarce, Balcarce, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carla Valeria Filippi
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Agronómicas y Veterinarias, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Facundo José Quiróz
- Laboratorio de Patología Vegetal, Unidad Integrada Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Estación Experimental Agropecuaria INTA Balcarce, Balcarce, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Verónica Nishinakamasu
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Agronómicas y Veterinarias, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Andrea Fabiana Puebla
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Agronómicas y Veterinarias, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Julio A. Di Rienzo
- Cátedra de Estadística y Biometría, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Alberto Escande
- Laboratorio de Patología Vegetal, Unidad Integrada Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Estación Experimental Agropecuaria INTA Balcarce, Balcarce, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Verónica Viviana Lia
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Agronómicas y Veterinarias, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ruth Amalia Heinz
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Agronómicas y Veterinarias, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Horacio Esteban Hopp
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Agronómicas y Veterinarias, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gerardo D. L. Cervigni
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Centro de Estudios Fotosintéticos y Bioquímicos, Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Norma Beatriz Paniego
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Agronómicas y Veterinarias, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Filippi CV, Zubrzycki JE, Di Rienzo JA, Quiroz F, Fusari CM, Alvarez D, Maringolo CA, Cordes D, Escande A, Hopp HE, Heinz RA, Lia VV, Paniego NB. Phenotyping Sunflower Genetic Resources for Sclerotinia Head Rot Response: Assessing Variability for Disease Resistance Breeding. PLANT DISEASE 2017; 101:1941-1948. [PMID: 30677319 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-12-16-1784-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Sclerotinia head rot (SHR) is one of the most serious constraints to sunflower (Helianthus annuus L. var. macrocarpus) production worldwide. Here, we evaluated the response to SHR in a sunflower inbred panel from a large INTA germplasm collection, consisting of 137 inbred lines (ILs). Field trials were performed over five consecutive seasons using a twice-replicated randomized complete-block design. Disease incidence, disease severity, incubation period, and area under disease progress curve for disease incidence and severity were determined after controlled inoculation with the pathogen. Statistical analysis using mixed-effect models detected significant differences among ILs for all variables (P < 0.001). In addition, principal component analysis (PCA) and distance-based methods were used to classify the ILs according to their response to SHR, with ILs ALB2/5261 and 5383 emerging as the most resistant. Broad-sense heritability estimates ranged from 20.64% for disease severity to 10.58% for incubation period. The ample phenotypic variability of our collection, along with the moderate heritability estimates, highlight the importance of molecular breeding approaches to gain new insights into the genetic basis of sunflower resistance to SHR. The exhaustive phenotypic characterization presented here provides a reliable set of variables to comprehensively evaluate the disease and identifies two new sources of resistance to SHR.
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Affiliation(s)
- C V Filippi
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas (CICVyA), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Nicolas Repetto y Los Reseros s/n (1686), Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - J E Zubrzycki
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas (CICVyA), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Nicolas Repetto y Los Reseros s/n (1686), Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - J A Di Rienzo
- Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ing Agr. Felix Aldo Marrone 746 (5000), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - F Quiroz
- Estación Experimental Agropecuaria INTA Balcarce, Ruta 226 Km 73.5 (7620), Balcarce. Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - C M Fusari
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas (CICVyA), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Nicolas Repetto y Los Reseros s/n (1686), Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina; and Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1 (14476), Potsdam, Germany
| | - D Alvarez
- Estación Experimental Agropecuaria INTA Manfredi, Ruta 9 Km 636 (5988), Manfredi, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - C A Maringolo
- Estación Experimental Agropecuaria INTA Balcarce, Ruta 226 Km 73.5 (7620), Balcarce. Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - D Cordes
- Estación Experimental Agropecuaria INTA Manfredi, Ruta 9 Km 636 (5988), Manfredi, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - A Escande
- Estación Experimental Agropecuaria INTA Balcarce, Ruta 226 Km 73.5 (7620), Balcarce. Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - H E Hopp
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas (CICVyA), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Nicolas Repetto y Los Reseros s/n (1686), Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina; and Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad de Buenos Aires, Intendente Güiraldes 2160, (1428), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - R A Heinz
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas (CICVyA), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Nicolas Repetto y Los Reseros s/n (1686), Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad de Buenos Aires, Intendente Güiraldes 2160, (1428), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina; and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas-CONICET
| | - V V Lia
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas (CICVyA), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Nicolas Repetto y Los Reseros s/n (1686), Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad de Buenos Aires, Intendente Güiraldes 2160, (1428), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina; and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas-CONICET
| | - N B Paniego
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas (CICVyA), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Nicolas Repetto y Los Reseros s/n (1686), Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina; and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas-CONICET
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9
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Bordat A, Marchand G, Langlade NB, Pouilly N, Muños S, Dechamp-Guillaume G, Vincourt P, Bret-Mestries E. Different genetic architectures underlie crop responses to the same pathogen: the {Helianthus annuus * Phoma macdonaldii} interaction case for black stem disease and premature ripening. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2017; 17:167. [PMID: 29052528 PMCID: PMC5649070 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-017-1116-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phoma macdonaldii has been reported as the causal agent of black stem disease (BS) and premature ripening (PR) on sunflower. PR is considered as the most widespread and detrimental disease on sunflower in France. While genetic variability and QTL mapping for partial resistance of sunflower to stem, collar and roots attacks have been reported on plantlets in controlled conditions, this work aims to describe the genetic variability in a subset of a sunflower lines, and for the first time to map QTL involved in PR resistance evaluated in field conditions using controlled inoculation. RESULTS An efficient and reliable method for inoculation used in field experiments induced stem base necrosis on up to 98% of all plants. A significant genetic variability for PR resistance in the field was detected among the 20 inbred lines of the core collection tested across the two years. For QTL mapping, the PR resistance evaluation was performed on two recombinant inbred lines (RIL) populations derived from the crosses XRQxPSC8 and FUxPAZ2 in two different years. QTL analyses were based on a newly developed consensus genetic map comprising 1007 non-redundant molecular markers. In each of the two RIL populations, different QTL involved in PR partial sunflower resistance were detected. The most significant QTL were detected 49 days post infection (DPI) on LG10 (LOD 7.7) and on LG7 (LOD 12.1) in the XRQxPSC8 and FUxPAZ2 RIL population, respectively. In addition, different QTL were detected on both populations for PR resistance measured between 14 and 35 DPI. In parallel, the incidence of natural attack of P. macdonaldii resulting in BS disease was recorded, showing that in these populations, the genetic of resistance to both diseases is not governed by the same factors. CONCLUSION This work provides the first insights on the genetic architecture of sunflower PR resistance in the field. Moreover, the separate studies of symptoms on different organs and in time series allowed the identification of a succession of genetic components involved in the sunflower resistance to PR and BS diseases caused by Phoma macdonaldii along the development of the {plant * pathogen} interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandine Bordat
- LIPM, Université de Toulouse, INRA, CNRS, Castanet-Tolosan, France
- Present address: INRA, Université de Bordeaux, UMR 1332 de Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, CS 20032, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Gwenaëlle Marchand
- LIPM, Université de Toulouse, INRA, CNRS, Castanet-Tolosan, France
- Present address: EURALIS Semences, Domaine de Sandreau, 6 Chemin de Panedautes, 31700 Mondonville, France
| | | | - Nicolas Pouilly
- LIPM, Université de Toulouse, INRA, CNRS, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Stéphane Muños
- LIPM, Université de Toulouse, INRA, CNRS, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Grégory Dechamp-Guillaume
- ENSAT, UMR 1248 AGIR, BP52627, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
- AGIR, Université de Toulouse, INRA, INPT, INP-EI PURPAN, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Patrick Vincourt
- LIPM, Université de Toulouse, INRA, CNRS, Castanet-Tolosan, France
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10
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Talukder ZI, Gong L, Hulke BS, Pegadaraju V, Song Q, Schultz Q, Qi L. A high-density SNP Map of sunflower derived from RAD-sequencing facilitating fine-mapping of the rust resistance gene R12. PLoS One 2014; 9:e98628. [PMID: 25014030 PMCID: PMC4094432 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0098628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2013] [Accepted: 05/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A high-resolution genetic map of sunflower was constructed by integrating SNP data from three F2 mapping populations (HA 89/RHA 464, B-line/RHA 464, and CR 29/RHA 468). The consensus map spanned a total length of 1443.84 cM, and consisted of 5,019 SNP markers derived from RAD tag sequencing and 118 publicly available SSR markers distributed in 17 linkage groups, corresponding to the haploid chromosome number of sunflower. The maximum interval between markers in the consensus map is 12.37 cM and the average distance is 0.28 cM between adjacent markers. Despite a few short-distance inversions in marker order, the consensus map showed high levels of collinearity among individual maps with an average Spearman's rank correlation coefficient of 0.972 across the genome. The order of the SSR markers on the consensus map was also in agreement with the order of the individual map and with previously published sunflower maps. Three individual and one consensus maps revealed the uneven distribution of markers across the genome. Additionally, we performed fine mapping and marker validation of the rust resistance gene R12, providing closely linked SNP markers for marker-assisted selection of this gene in sunflower breeding programs. This high resolution consensus map will serve as a valuable tool to the sunflower community for studying marker-trait association of important agronomic traits, marker assisted breeding, map-based gene cloning, and comparative mapping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahirul I. Talukder
- Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota, United States of America
| | - Li Gong
- Department of Plant Pathology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota, United States of America
| | - Brent S. Hulke
- Northern Crop Science Laboratory, USDA- Agricultural Research Service, Fargo, North Dakota, United States of America
| | | | - Qijian Song
- Soybean Genomics and Improvement Lab, USDA- Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Quentin Schultz
- BioDiagnostics Inc., River Falls, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Lili Qi
- Northern Crop Science Laboratory, USDA- Agricultural Research Service, Fargo, North Dakota, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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11
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Kantar MB, Baute GJ, Bock DG, Rieseberg LH. Genomic variation in Helianthus: learning from the past and looking to the future. Brief Funct Genomics 2014; 13:328-40. [DOI: 10.1093/bfgp/elu004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
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12
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Talukder ZI, Hulke BS, Qi L, Scheffler BE, Pegadaraju V, McPhee K, Gulya TJ. Candidate gene association mapping of Sclerotinia stalk rot resistance in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) uncovers the importance of COI1 homologs. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2014; 127:193-209. [PMID: 24193356 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-013-2210-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2013] [Accepted: 10/03/2013] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Functional markers for Sclerotinia basal stalk rot resistance in sunflower were obtained using gene-level information from the model species Arabidopsis thaliana. Sclerotinia stalk rot, caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, is one of the most destructive diseases of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) worldwide. Markers for genes controlling resistance to S. sclerotiorum will enable efficient marker-assisted selection (MAS). We sequenced eight candidate genes homologous to Arabidopsis thaliana defense genes known to be associated with Sclerotinia disease resistance in a sunflower association mapping population evaluated for Sclerotinia stalk rot resistance. The total candidate gene sequence regions covered a concatenated length of 3,791 bp per individual. A total of 187 polymorphic sites were detected for all candidate gene sequences, 149 of which were single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 38 were insertions/deletions. Eight SNPs in the coding regions led to changes in amino acid codons. Linkage disequilibrium decay throughout the candidate gene regions declined on average to an r (2) = 0.2 for genetic intervals of 120 bp, but extended up to 350 bp with r (2) = 0.1. A general linear model with modification to account for population structure was found the best fitting model for this population and was used for association mapping. Both HaCOI1-1 and HaCOI1-2 were found to be strongly associated with Sclerotinia stalk rot resistance and explained 7.4 % of phenotypic variation in this population. These SNP markers associated with Sclerotinia stalk rot resistance can potentially be applied to the selection of favorable genotypes, which will significantly improve the efficiency of MAS during the development of stalk rot resistant cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahirul I Talukder
- Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, 166 Loftsgard Hall, Fargo, ND, 58108-6050, USA
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13
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Changes in antioxidant systems in sunflower partial resistant and susceptible lines as affected by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Biologia (Bratisl) 2013. [DOI: 10.2478/s11756-013-0235-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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14
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Vincourt P, As-Sadi F, Bordat A, Langlade NB, Gouzy J, Pouilly N, Lippi Y, Serre F, Godiard L, Tourvieille de Labrouhe D, Vear F. Consensus mapping of major resistance genes and independent QTL for quantitative resistance to sunflower downy mildew. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2012; 125:909-20. [PMID: 22576236 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-012-1882-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2012] [Accepted: 04/19/2012] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Major gene resistance to sunflower downy mildew (Plasmopara halstedii) races 304 and 314 was found to segregate independently from the resistance to races 334, 307 and 304 determined by the gene Pl2, already positioned on Linkage Group (LG) 8 of sunflower molecular maps. Using a consensus SSR-SNP map constructed from the INEDI RIL population and a new RIL population FU × PAZ2, the positions of Pl2 and Pl5 were confirmed and the new gene, denoted Pl21, was mapped on LG13, at 8 cM from Pl5. The two RIL populations were observed for their quantitative resistance to downy mildew in the field and both indicated the existence of a QTL on LG8 at 20-40 cM from the major resistance gene cluster. In addition, for the INEDI population, a strong QTL on LG10, reported previously, was confirmed and a third QTL was mapped on LG7. A growth chamber test methodology, significantly correlated with field results, also revealed the major QTL on LG10, explaining 65 % of variability. This QTL mapped in the same area as a gene involved in stomatal opening and root growth, which may be suggested as a possible candidate to explain the control of this character. These results indicate that it should be possible to combine major genes and other resistance mechanisms, a strategy that could help to improve durability of sunflower resistance to downy mildew.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Vincourt
- Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes (LIPM), INRA, UMR441, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France.
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15
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Fusari CM, Di Rienzo JA, Troglia C, Nishinakamasu V, Moreno MV, Maringolo C, Quiroz F, Álvarez D, Escande A, Hopp E, Heinz R, Lia VV, Paniego NB. Association mapping in sunflower for Sclerotinia Head Rot resistance. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2012; 12:93. [PMID: 22708963 PMCID: PMC3778846 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2229-12-93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2011] [Accepted: 05/21/2012] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sclerotinia Head Rot (SHR) is one of the most damaging diseases of sunflower in Europe, Argentina, and USA, causing average yield reductions of 10 to 20 %, but leading to total production loss under favorable environmental conditions for the pathogen. Association Mapping (AM) is a promising choice for Quantitative Trait Locus (QTL) mapping, as it detects relationships between phenotypic variation and gene polymorphisms in existing germplasm without development of mapping populations. This article reports the identification of QTL for resistance to SHR based on candidate gene AM. RESULTS A collection of 94 sunflower inbred lines were tested for SHR under field conditions using assisted inoculation with the fungal pathogen Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Given that no biological mechanisms or biochemical pathways have been clearly identified for SHR, 43 candidate genes were selected based on previous transcript profiling studies in sunflower and Brassica napus infected with S. sclerotiorum. Associations among SHR incidence and haplotype polymorphisms in 16 candidate genes were tested using Mixed Linear Models (MLM) that account for population structure and kinship relationships. This approach allowed detection of a significant association between the candidate gene HaRIC_B and SHR incidence (P < 0.01), accounting for a SHR incidence reduction of about 20 %. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that AM will be useful in dissecting other complex traits in sunflower, thus providing a valuable tool to assist in crop breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corina M Fusari
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas (CICVyA), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), 1686, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Julio A Di Rienzo
- Cátedra de Estadística y Biometría, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Carolina Troglia
- Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce, INTA, 7620, Balcarce, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Verónica Nishinakamasu
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas (CICVyA), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), 1686, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Valeria Moreno
- Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Manfredi, INTA, 5988, Manfredi, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Carla Maringolo
- Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce, INTA, 7620, Balcarce, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Facundo Quiroz
- Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce, INTA, 7620, Balcarce, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daniel Álvarez
- Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Manfredi, INTA, 5988, Manfredi, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Alberto Escande
- Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce, INTA, 7620, Balcarce, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Esteban Hopp
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas (CICVyA), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), 1686, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ruth Heinz
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas (CICVyA), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), 1686, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Verónica V Lia
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas (CICVyA), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), 1686, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Norma B Paniego
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas (CICVyA), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), 1686, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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16
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Weltmeier F, Mäser A, Menze A, Hennig S, Schad M, Breuer F, Schulz B, Holtschulte B, Nehls R, Stahl DJ. Transcript profiles in sugar beet genotypes uncover timing and strength of defense reactions to Cercospora beticola infection. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2011; 24:758-72. [PMID: 21385013 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-08-10-0189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Cercospora leaf spot disease, caused by the fungus Cercospora beticola, is the most destructive foliar disease of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) worldwide. Despite the great agronomical importance of this disease, little is known about its underlying molecular processes. Technical resources are scarce for analyzing this important crop species. We developed a sugar beet microarray with 44,000 oligonucleotides that represent 17,277 cDNAs. During the four stages of C. beticola-B. vulgaris interactions, we profiled the transcriptional responses of three genotypes: susceptible, polygenic partial resistance, and monogenic resistant. Similar genes were induced in all three genotypes during infection but with striking differences in timing. The monogenic resistant genotype displayed strong defense responses at 1 day postinoculation (dpi). The other genotypes displayed defense responses in a later phase (15 dpi) of the infection cycle. The partially resistant genotype displayed a strong defense response in the late phase of the infection cycle. Furthermore, the partially resistant genotype expressed pathogen-related transcripts that the susceptible genotype lacked. These results indicate that resistance was achieved by the ability to mount an early defense response, and partial resistance was determined by additional defense and signaling transcripts that allowed effective defense in the late phase of the infection cycle.
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17
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Seassau C, Debaeke P, Mestries E, Dechamp-Guillaume G. Evaluation of Inoculation Methods to Reproduce Sunflower Premature Ripening Caused by Phoma macdonaldii. PLANT DISEASE 2010; 94:1398-1404. [PMID: 30743367 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-03-10-0180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Three inoculation methods were evaluated for effectiveness to cause sunflower premature ripening (PR). Evaluations were conducted on a sunflower (Helianthus annuus) cultivar susceptible to PR in replicated, multilocation experiments under greenhouse conditions. Plants were inoculated with Phoma macdonaldii, either with mycelium, conidia, or infected residues at the stem base or with buried residues. Disease severity (DS) was measured by percent girdling necrosis at the stem base and percent final PR; the infection spread was assessed using the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC). Inoculation with mycelia or 1 × 106 spores/ml caused significantly more DS and PR than lower spore concentrations or infected residues (P < 0.05). Amending soil with residues induced root necrosis but no PR. P. macdonaldii was mainly isolated at the stem base and above but rarely on root systems. Microscopic evaluations showed that hyphae colonized mainly the cortex and vascular stem tissues. The overall results demonstrated a clear role of aerial infection in PR compared with soilborne inoculum, and that inoculation at the stem base with a spore suspension could be used for screening genotypes for resistance to PR.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Seassau
- INRA, UMR AGIR, BP 52627, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan cedex, France
| | - P Debaeke
- INRA, UMR AGIR, BP 52627, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan cedex, France
| | - E Mestries
- CETIOM, ENSAT, BP 32607, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan cedex, France
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18
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Klimenko I, Razgulayeva N, Gau M, Okumura K, Nakaya A, Tabata S, Kozlov NN, Isobe S. Mapping candidate QTLs related to plant persistency in red clover. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2010; 120:1253-1263. [PMID: 20087570 PMCID: PMC2839475 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-009-1253-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2009] [Accepted: 12/21/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) is a diploid (2n = 14), self-incompatible legume that is widely cultivated as a forage legume in cold geographical regions. Because it is a short-lived perennial species, improvement of plant persistency is the most important objective for red clover breeding. To develop a marker-assisted selection (MAS) approach for red clover, we identified candidate QTLs related to plant persistency. Two full-sib mapping populations, 272 x WF1680 and HR x R130, were used for QTL identification. Resistance to Sclerotinia trifoliorum and Fusarium species, as well as to winter hardiness, was investigated in the laboratory and in field experiments in Moscow region (Russia), and Sapporo (Japan). With the genotype data derived from microsatellite and other DNA markers, candidate QTLs were identified by simple interval mapping (SIM), Kruskal-Wallis analysis (KW analysis) and genotype matrix mapping (GMM). A total of 10 and 23 candidate QTL regions for plant persistency were identified in the 272 x WF1680 and the HR x R130 mapping populations, respectively. The QTLs identified by multiple mapping approaches were mapped on linkage group (LG) 3 and LG6. The significant QTL interactions identified by GMM explained the higher phenotypic variation than single effect QTLs. Identification of haplotypes having positive effect QTLs in each parent were first demonstrated in this study for pseudo-testcross mapping populations in plant species using experimental data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Klimenko
- All-Russian Williams Fodder Crop Research Institute, 141055 Lobnya, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Nadejda Razgulayeva
- All-Russian Williams Fodder Crop Research Institute, 141055 Lobnya, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Mitsuru Gau
- National Agricultural Research Center for Kyusyu and Okinawa Region, Suya 2421, Koshi, Kumamoto, 861-1192 Japan
| | - Kenji Okumura
- National Agricultural Research Center for Hokkaido Region, Hitsujigaoka 1, Toyohira, Sapporo, Hokkaido 062-8555 Japan
| | - Akihiro Nakaya
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Tokyo, Kashiwanoha 5-1-5, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8561 Japan
| | - Satoshi Tabata
- Kazusa DNA Research Institute, Kazusa-Kamatari 2-6-7, Kisarazu, Chiba, 292-0818 Japan
| | - Nicolay N. Kozlov
- All-Russian Williams Fodder Crop Research Institute, 141055 Lobnya, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Sachiko Isobe
- National Agricultural Research Center for Hokkaido Region, Hitsujigaoka 1, Toyohira, Sapporo, Hokkaido 062-8555 Japan
- Kazusa DNA Research Institute, Kazusa-Kamatari 2-6-7, Kisarazu, Chiba, 292-0818 Japan
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19
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Peluffo L, Lia V, Troglia C, Maringolo C, Norma P, Escande A, Esteban Hopp H, Lytovchenko A, Fernie AR, Heinz R, Carrari F. Metabolic profiles of sunflower genotypes with contrasting response to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum infection. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2010; 71:70-80. [PMID: 19853265 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2009.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2009] [Revised: 07/23/2009] [Accepted: 09/13/2009] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
We report a comprehensive primary metabolite profiling of sunflower (Helianthus annuus) genotypes displaying contrasting behavior to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum infection. Applying a GC-MS-based metabolite profiling approach, we were able to identify differential patterns involving a total of 63 metabolites including major and minor sugars and sugar alcohols, organic acids, amino acids, fatty acids and few soluble secondary metabolites in the sunflower capitulum, the main target organ of pathogen attack. Metabolic changes and disease incidence of the two contrasting genotypes were determined throughout the main infection period (R5.2-R6). Both point-by-point and non-parametric statistical analyses showed metabolic differences between genotypes as well as interaction effects between genotype and time after inoculation. Network correlation analyses suggested that these metabolic changes were synchronized in a time-dependent manner in response to the pathogen. Concerted differential metabolic changes were detected to a higher extent in the susceptible, rather than the resistant genotype, thereby allowing differentiation of modules composed by intermediates of the same pathway which are highly interconnected in the susceptible line but not in the resistant one. Evaluation of these data also demonstrated a genotype specific regulation of distinct metabolic pathways, suggesting the importance of detection of metabolic patterns rather than specific metabolite changes when looking for metabolic markers differentially responding to pathogen infection. In summary, the GC-MS strategy developed in this study was suitable for detection of differences in carbon primary metabolism in sunflower capitulum, a tissue which is the main entry point for this and other pathogens which cause great detrimental impact on crop yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucila Peluffo
- Instituto de Biotecnología, CICVyA, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (IB-INTA), Argentina
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20
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Yue B, Cai X, Vick B, Hu J. Genetic characterization and molecular mapping of a chlorophyll deficiency gene in sunflower (Helianthus annuus). JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2009; 166:644-51. [PMID: 18947900 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2008.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2008] [Revised: 09/02/2008] [Accepted: 09/02/2008] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
A major gene controlling chlorophyll deficiency (phenotyped by yellow leaf color, yl) in sunflower was identified and mapped in an F(2) population derived from a cross between two breeding lines. Greenness degree was scored by a hand-held chlorophyll meter in the F(2) population. Leaf tissue from the parents, F(1) hybrids, and some F(2) progenies were also sampled to determine the chlorophyll content. All F(1) plants had normal green leaf color and the segregation of the plants in the F(2) population fits the monogenic ratio (chi((3:1))(2)=0.03, p>0.9), indicating that leaf color is a monogenic trait with normal green dominant over yellow leaf color in this population. The contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and total chlorophyll in the yellow-leafed lines were reduced by 41.6%, 53.5%, and 44.3%, respectively, in comparison with those in the green-leafed lines. Genetic mapping with molecular markers positioned the gene, yl, to linkage group 10 of sunflower. An SSR marker, ORS 595, cosegregated with yl, and a TRAP marker, B26P17ga5-300, was linked to yl with a genetic distance of 4.2cM. The molecular marker tightly linked to the chlorophyll deficiency gene will provide insight into the process of chlorophyll metabolism in sunflower.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Yue
- Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105, USA
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21
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Yue B, Radi SA, Vick BA, Cai X, Tang S, Knapp SJ, Gulya TJ, Miller JF, Hu J. Identifying quantitative trait loci for resistance to Sclerotinia head rot in two USDA sunflower germplasms. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2008; 98:926-31. [PMID: 18943211 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-98-8-0926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Sclerotinia head rot is a major disease of sunflower in the world, and quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping could facilitate understanding of the genetic basis of head rot resistance and breeding in sunflower. One hundred twenty-three F2:3 and F2:4 families from a cross between HA 441 and RHA 439 were studied. The mapping population was evaluated for disease resistance in three field experiments in a randomized complete block design with two replicates. Disease incidence (DI) and disease severity (DS) were assessed. A genetic map with 180 target region amplification polymorphism, 32 simple sequence repeats, 11 insertion-deletion, and 2 morphological markers was constructed. Nine DI and seven DS QTL were identified with each QTL explaining 8.4 to 34.5% of phenotypic variance, suggesting the polygenic basis of the resistance to head rot. Five of these QTL were identified in more than one experiment, and each QTL explained more than 12.9% of phenotypic variance. These QTL could be useful in sunflower breeding. Although a positive correlation existed between the two disease indices, most of the respective QTL were located in different chromosomal regions, suggesting a different genetic basis for the two indices.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Yue
- Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo 58105, USA
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22
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Alignan M, Hewezi T, Petitprez M, Dechamp-Guillaume G, Gentzbittel L. A cDNA microarray approach to decipher sunflower (Helianthus annuus) responses to the necrotrophic fungus Phoma macdonaldii. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2006; 170:523-36. [PMID: 16626474 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2006.01696.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
To identify the genes involved in the partial resistance of sunflower (Helianthus annuus) to the necrotrophic fungus Phoma macdonaldii, we developed a 1000-element cDNA microarray containing carefully chosen genes putatively involved in primary metabolic pathways, signal transduction and biotic stress responses. A two-pass general linear model was used to normalize the data and then to detect differentially expressed genes. This method allowed us to identify 38 genes differentially expressed among genotypes, treatments and times, mainly belonging to plant defense, signaling pathways and amino acid metabolism. Based on a set of genes whose differential expression was highly significant, we propose a model in which negative regulation of a dual-specificity MAPK phosphatase could be implicated in sunflower defense mechanisms against the pathogen. The resulting activation of the MAP kinase cascade could subsequently trigger defense responses (e.g. thaumatin biosynthesis and phenylalanine ammonia lyase activation), under the control of transcription factors belonging to MYB and WRKY families. Concurrently, the activation of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), which is implicated in cell death inhibition, could limit pathogen development. The results reported here provide a valuable first step towards the understanding and analysis of the P. macdonaldii-sunflower interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Alignan
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologies et Amélioration des Plantes (BAP), INP-ENSAT, Pôle de Biotechnologies Végétales, IFR 40, 18 Chemin de Borde Rouge, Auzeville, 31326 Castanet Tolosan, France
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23
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Bolton MD, Thomma BPHJ, Nelson BD. Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary: biology and molecular traits of a cosmopolitan pathogen. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2006; 7:1-16. [PMID: 20507424 DOI: 10.1111/j.1364-3703.2005.00316.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 492] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED SUMMARY Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary is a necrotrophic fungal pathogen causing disease in a wide range of plants. This review summarizes current knowledge of mechanisms employed by the fungus to parasitize its host with emphasis on biology, physiology and molecular aspects of pathogenicity. In addition, current tools for research and strategies to combat S. sclerotiorum are discussed. TAXONOMY Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary: kingdom Fungi, phylum Ascomycota, class Discomycetes, order Helotiales, family Sclerotiniaceae, genus Sclerotinia. IDENTIFICATION Hyphae are hyaline, septate, branched and multinucleate. Mycelium may appear white to tan in culture and in planta. No asexual conidia are produced. Long-term survival is mediated through the sclerotium; a pigmented, multi-hyphal structure that can remain viable over long periods of time under unfavourable conditions for growth. Sclerotia can germinate to produce mycelia or apothecia depending on environmental conditions. Apothecia produce ascospores, which are the primary means of infection in most host plants. HOST RANGE S. sclerotiorum is capable of colonizing over 400 plant species found worldwide. The majority of these species are dicotyledonous, although a number of agriculturally significant monocotyledonous plants are also hosts. Disease symptoms: Leaves usually have water-soaked lesions that expand rapidly and move down the petiole into the stem. Infected stems of some species will first develop dark lesions whereas the initial indication in other hosts is the appearance of water-soaked stem lesions. Lesions usually develop into necrotic tissues that subsequently develop patches of fluffy white mycelium, often with sclerotia, which is the most obvious sign of plants infected with S. sclerotiorum. USEFUL WEBSITES http://www.whitemoldresearch.com; http://www.broad.mit.edu/annotation/fungi/sclerotinia_sclerotiorum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melvin D Bolton
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University, Binnenhaven 5, 6709 PD Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Micic Z, Hahn V, Bauer E, Melchinger AE, Knapp SJ, Tang S, Schön CC. Identification and validation of QTL for Sclerotinia midstalk rot resistance in sunflower by selective genotyping. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2005; 111:233-42. [PMID: 15947909 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-005-2004-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2004] [Accepted: 03/12/2005] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Midstalk rot, caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary, is an important cause of yield loss in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Objectives of this study were to: (1) estimate the number, genomic positions and genetic effects of quantitative trait loci (QTL) for resistance to midstalk rot in line TUB-5-3234, derived from an interspecific cross; (2) determine congruency of QTL between this line and other sources of resistance; and (3) make inferences about the efficiency of selective genotyping (SG) in detecting QTL conferring midstalk rot resistance in sunflower. Phenotypic data for three resistance (stem lesion, leaf lesion and speed of fungal growth) and two morphological (leaf length and leaf length with petiole) traits were obtained from 434 F3 families from cross CM625 (susceptible) x TUB-5-3234 (resistant) under artificial infection in field experiments across two environments. The SG was applied by choosing the 60 most resistant and the 60 most susceptible F3 families for stem lesion. For genotyping of the respective F2 plants, 78 simple sequence repeat markers were used. Genotypic variances were highly significant for all traits. Heritabilities and genotypic correlations between reMidstalk rot, caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary, is an important cause of yield loss in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Objectives of this study were to: (1) estimate the number, genomic positions and genetic effects of quantitative trait loci (QTL) for resistance to midstalk rot in line TUB-5-3234, derived from an interspecific cross; (2) determine congruency of QTL between this line and other sources of resistance; and (3) make inferences about the efficiency of selective genotyping (SG) in detecting QTL conferring midstalk rot resistance in sunflower. Phenotypic data for three resistance (stem lesion, leaf lesion and speed of fungal growth) and two morphological (leaf length and leaf length with petiole) traits were obtained from 434 F3 families from cross CM625 (susceptible) x TUB-5-3234 (resistant) under artificial infection in field experiments across two environments. The SG was applied by choosing the 60 most resistant and the 60 most susceptible F3 families for stem lesion. For genotyping of the respective F2 plants, 78 simple sequence repeat markers were used. Genotypic variances were highly significant for all traits. Heritabilities and genotypic correlations between resistance traits were moderate to high. Three to four putative QTL were detected for each resistance trait explaining between 40.8% and 72.7% of the genotypic variance (PTS). Two QTL for stem lesion showed large genetic effects and corroborated earlier findings from the cross NDBLOSsel (resistant) x CM625 (susceptible). Our results suggest that SG can be efficiently used for QTL detection and the analysis of congruency for resistance genes across populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Micic
- State Plant Breeding Institute (720), University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
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Rönicke S, Hahn V, Vogler A, Friedt W. Quantitative Trait Loci Analysis of Resistance to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in Sunflower. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2005; 95:834-9. [PMID: 18943017 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-95-0834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT A quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis of resistance to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum was carried out with 283 sunflower (Helianthus annuus) F(2:3) families derived from a cross between a resistant (SWS-B-04) and a highly susceptible sunflower inbred line. For that purpose, a genetic map based on 195 amplified fragment length polymorphism and 20 simple sequence repeat markers was constructed. The map has a size of 2,273.5 centimorgans and comprises 17 linkage groups, 12 of which could be associated to already defined linkage groups. The heads of sunflower F(3) families were artificially inoculated by using sclerotinia mycelium in three field environments. The lesion length was measured in centimeters 1 week postinoculation and head rot was scored according to a 1-to-8 head rot scale 2 weeks postinoculation. Using the composite interval mapping procedure, three QTL for lesion length and two QTL for head rot could be identified. These QTL explain 10.6 to 17.1% of the total phenotypic variance.
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