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Zhang B, Wu Y, Li S, Ren W, Yang L, Zhuang M, Lv H, Wang Y, Ji J, Hou X, Zhang Y. Chloroplast C-to-U editing, regulated by a PPR protein BoYgl-2, is important for chlorophyll biosynthesis in cabbage. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2024; 11:uhae006. [PMID: 38559470 PMCID: PMC10980974 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhae006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Leaf color is an important agronomic trait in cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata), but the detailed mechanism underlying leaf color formation remains unclear. In this study, we characterized a Brassica oleracea yellow-green leaf 2 (BoYgl-2) mutant 4036Y, which has significantly reduced chlorophyll content and abnormal chloroplasts during early leaf development. Genetic analysis revealed that the yellow-green leaf trait is controlled by a single recessive gene. Map-based cloning revealed that BoYgl-2 encodes a novel nuclear-targeted P-type PPR protein, which is absent in the 4036Y mutant. Functional complementation showed that BoYgl-2 from the normal-green leaf 4036G can rescue the yellow-green leaf phenotype of 4036Y. The C-to-U editing efficiency and expression levels of atpF, rps14, petL and ndhD were significantly reduced in 4036Y than that in 4036G, and significantly increased in BoYgl-2 overexpression lines than that in 4036Y. The expression levels of many plastid- and nuclear-encoded genes associated with chloroplast development in BoYgl-2 mutant were also significantly altered. These results suggest that BoYgl-2 participates in chloroplast C-to-U editing and development, which provides rare insight into the molecular mechanism underlying leaf color formation in cabbage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yuankang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Shoufan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Wenjing Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Limei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Mu Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Honghao Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jialei Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xilin Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yangyong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
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Han F, Yuan K, Sun W, Zhang X, Liu X, Zhao X, Yang L, Wang Y, Ji J, Liu Y, Li Z, Zhang J, Zhang C, Huang S, Zhang Y, Fang Z, Lv H. A natural mutation in the promoter of Ms-cd1 causes dominant male sterility in Brassica oleracea. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6212. [PMID: 37798291 PMCID: PMC10556095 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41916-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Male sterility has been used for crop hybrid breeding for a long time. It has contributed greatly to crop yield increase. However, the genetic basis of male sterility has not been fully elucidated. Here, we report map-based cloning of the cabbage (Brassica oleracea) dominant male-sterile gene Ms-cd1 and reveal that it encodes a PHD-finger motif transcription factor. A natural allele Ms-cd1PΔ-597, resulting from a 1-bp deletion in the promoter, confers dominant genic male sterility (DGMS), whereas loss-of-function ms-cd1 mutant shows recessive male sterility. We also show that the ethylene response factor BoERF1L represses the expression of Ms-cd1 by directly binding to its promoter; however, the 1-bp deletion in Ms-cd1PΔ-597 affects the binding. Furthermore, ectopic expression of Ms-cd1PΔ-597 confers DGMS in both dicotyledonous and monocotyledonous plant species. We thus propose that the DGMS system could be useful for breeding hybrids of multiple crop species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengqing Han
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Kaiwen Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Wenru Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
- Key Laboratory for Vegetable Biology of Hunan Province, Engineering Research Center for Horticultural Crop Germplasm Creation and New Variety Breeding, Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 300192, Tianjin, China
| | - Xing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xinyu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Limei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jialei Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yumei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zhansheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jinzhe Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Chunzhi Zhang
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518120, China
| | - Sanwen Huang
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518120, China
- Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, 571101, China
| | - Yangyong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Zhiyuan Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Honghao Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
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Li P, Su T, Li H, Wu Y, Wang L, Zhang F, Wang Z, Yu S. Promoter variations in a homeobox gene, BrLMI1, contribute to leaf lobe formation in Brassica rapa ssp. chinensis Makino. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2023; 136:188. [PMID: 37578545 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-023-04437-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Key message BrLMI1 is a positive regulatory factor of leaf lobe formation in non-heading Chinese cabbage, and cis-regulatory variations lead to the phenotype of lobed or entire leaf margins.Abstract Leaves are the main consumed organ in leafy non-heading Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. chinensis Makino), and the shape of the leaves is an important economic trait. However, the molecular regulatory mechanism underlying the lobed-leaf trait in non-heading Chinese cabbage remains unclear. Here, we identified a stable incompletely dominant major locus, qLLA10, for lobed leaf formation in non-heading Chinese cabbage. Based on map-based cloning strategies, BrLMI1, a LATE MERISTEM IDENTITY1 (LMI1)-like gene, was predicted as the candidate gene for qLLA10. Genotyping analysis showed that promoter variations of BrLMI1 in the two parents are responsible for elevating the expression in the lobed-leaf parent and ultimately causing the difference in leaf shape between the two parents, and the promoter activity of BrLMI1 was significantly affected by the promoter variations. BrLMI1 was exclusively localized in the nucleus and expressed mainly at the tip of each lobe. Leaf lobe development was perturbed in BrLMI1-silenced plants produced by virus-induced gene silencing assays, and ectopic overexpression of BrLMI1 in Arabidopsis led to deeply lobed leaves never seen in the wild type, which indicates that BrLMI1 is required for leaf lobe formation in non-heading Chinese cabbage. These findings suggested that BrLMI1 is a positive regulatory factor of leaf lobe formation in non-heading Chinese cabbage and that cis-regulatory variations lead to the phenotype of lobed or entire leaf margins, thus providing a theoretical basis for unraveling the molecular mechanism underlying the lobed leaf phenotype in Brassica crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Beijing Vegetable Research Center (BVRC), Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science (BAAFS), Beijing, 100097, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100097, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Improvement, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Tongbing Su
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Beijing Vegetable Research Center (BVRC), Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science (BAAFS), Beijing, 100097, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100097, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Improvement, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Beijing Vegetable Research Center (BVRC), Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science (BAAFS), Beijing, 100097, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100097, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Improvement, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Yudi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Beijing Vegetable Research Center (BVRC), Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science (BAAFS), Beijing, 100097, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100097, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Improvement, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Limin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Beijing Vegetable Research Center (BVRC), Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science (BAAFS), Beijing, 100097, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100097, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Improvement, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Fenglan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Beijing Vegetable Research Center (BVRC), Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science (BAAFS), Beijing, 100097, China.
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100097, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Improvement, Beijing, 100097, China.
| | - Zheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Beijing Vegetable Research Center (BVRC), Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science (BAAFS), Beijing, 100097, China.
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100097, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Improvement, Beijing, 100097, China.
| | - Shuancang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Beijing Vegetable Research Center (BVRC), Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science (BAAFS), Beijing, 100097, China.
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100097, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Improvement, Beijing, 100097, China.
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Yuan K, Zhao X, Sun W, Yang L, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Ji J, Han F, Fang Z, Lv H. Map-based cloning and CRISPR/Cas9-based editing uncover BoNA1 as the causal gene for the no-anthocyanin-accumulation phenotype in curly kale ( Brassica oleracea var. sabellica). HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2023; 10:uhad133. [PMID: 37564271 PMCID: PMC10410298 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhad133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Brassica oleracea comprises several important vegetable and ornamental crops, including curly kale, ornamental kale, cabbage, broccoli, and others. The accumulation of anthocyanins, important secondary metabolites valuable to human health, in these plants varies widely and is responsible for their pink to dark purple colors. Some curly kale varieties lack anthocyanins, making these plants completely green. The genetic basis of this trait is still unknown. We crossed the curly kale inbred line BK2019 (without anthocyanins) with the cabbage inbred line YL1 (with anthocyanins) and the Chinese kale inbred line TO1000 (with anthocyanins) to generate segregating populations. The no-anthocyanin trait was genetically controlled by a recessive gene, bona1. We generated a linkage map and mapped bona1 to a 256-kb interval on C09. We identified one candidate gene, Bo9g058630, in the target genomic region; this gene is homologous to AT5G42800, which encodes a dihydroflavonol-4-reductase-like (DFR-like) protein in Arabidopsis. In BK2019, a 1-bp insertion was observed in the second exon of Bo9g058630 and directly produced a stop codon. To verify the candidate gene function, CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology was applied to knock out Bo9g058630. We generated three bona1 mutants, two of which were completely green with no anthocyanins, confirming that Bo9g058630 corresponds to BoNA1. Different insertion/deletion mutations in BoNA1 exons were found in all six of the other no-anthocyanin kale varieties examined, supporting that independent disruption of BoNA1 resulted in no-anthocyanin varieties of B. oleracea. This study improves the understanding of the regulation mechanism of anthocyanin accumulation in B. oleracea subspecies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiwen Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xinyu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Wenru Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Limei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yangyong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jialei Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Fengqing Han
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zhiyuan Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Honghao Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
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Han F, Huang J, Xie Q, Liu Y, Fang Z, Yang L, Zhuang M, Zhang Y, Lv H, Wang Y, Ji J, Li Z. Genetic mapping and candidate gene identification of BoGL5, a gene essential for cuticular wax biosynthesis in broccoli. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:811. [PMID: 34758753 PMCID: PMC8582161 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-08143-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aerial organs of most terrestrial plants are covered by cuticular waxes, which impart plants a glaucous appearance and play important roles in protecting against various biotic and abiotic stresses. Despite many glossy green (wax-defective) mutants being well characterized in model plants, little is known about the genetic basis of glossy green mutant in broccoli. Results B156 is a spontaneous broccoli mutant showing a glossy green phenotype. Detection by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) revealed that B156 is a cuticular wax-defective mutant, lacking waxes mostly longer than C28. Inheritance analysis revealed that this trait was controlled by a single recessive gene, BoGL5. Whole-genome InDel markers were developed, and a segregating F2 population was constructed to map BoGL5. Ultimately, BoGL5 was mapped to a 94.1 kb interval on C01. The BoCER2 gene, which is homologous to the Arabidopsis CER2 gene, was identified as a candidate of BoGL5 from the target interval. Sequence analyses revealed that Bocer2 in B156 harbored a G-to-T SNP mutation at the 485th nucleotide of the CDS, resulting in a W-to-L transition at the 162nd amino acid, a conserved site adjacent to an HXXXD motif of the deduced protein sequence. Expression analysis revealed that BoCER2 was significantly down-regulated in the leaves, stems, and siliques of B156 mutant than that of B3. Last, ectopic expression of BoCER2 in A. thaliana could, whereas Bocer2 could not, rescue the phenotype of cer2 mutant. Conclusions Overall, this study mapped the locus determining glossy phenotype of B156 and proved BoCER2 is functional gene involved in cuticular wax biosynthesis which would promotes the utilization of BoCER2 to enhance plant resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses, and breeding of B. oleracea cultivars with glossy traits. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-021-08143-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengqing Han
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, #12 Zhong Guan Cun Nandajie Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jingjing Huang
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, #12 Zhong Guan Cun Nandajie Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Qi Xie
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, #12 Zhong Guan Cun Nandajie Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yumei Liu
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, #12 Zhong Guan Cun Nandajie Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zhiyuan Fang
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, #12 Zhong Guan Cun Nandajie Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Limei Yang
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, #12 Zhong Guan Cun Nandajie Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Mu Zhuang
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, #12 Zhong Guan Cun Nandajie Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yangyong Zhang
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, #12 Zhong Guan Cun Nandajie Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Honghao Lv
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, #12 Zhong Guan Cun Nandajie Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, #12 Zhong Guan Cun Nandajie Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jialei Ji
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, #12 Zhong Guan Cun Nandajie Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zhansheng Li
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, #12 Zhong Guan Cun Nandajie Street, Beijing, 100081, China.
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Zhang B, Chen W, Li X, Ren W, Chen L, Han F, Fang Z, Yang L, Zhuang M, Lv H, Wang Y, Zhang Y. Map-based cloning and promoter variation analysis of the lobed leaf gene BoLMI1a in ornamental kale (Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala). BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:456. [PMID: 34615469 PMCID: PMC8496080 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03223-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leaf shape is an important agronomic trait in ornamental kale (Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala). Although some leaf shape-related genes have been reported in ornamental kale, the detailed mechanism underlying leaf shape formation is still unclear. Here, we report a lobed-leaf trait in ornamental kale, aiming to analyze its inheritance and identify the strong candidate gene. RESULTS Genetic analysis of F2 and BC1 populations demonstrate that the lobed-leaf trait in ornamental kale is controlled by a single dominant gene, termed BoLl-1 (Brassica oleracea lobed-leaf). By performing whole-genome resequencing and linkage analyses, the BoLl-1 gene was finely mapped to a 127-kb interval on chromosome C09 flanked by SNP markers SL4 and SL6, with genetic distances of 0.6 cM and 0.6 cM, respectively. Based on annotations of the genes within this interval, Bo9g181710, an orthologous gene of LATE MERISTEM IDENTITY 1 (LMI1) in Arabidopsis, was predicted as the candidate for BoLl-1, and was renamed BoLMI1a. The expression level of BoLMI1a in lobed-leaf parent 18Q2513 was significantly higher compared with unlobed-leaf parent 18Q2515. Sequence analysis of the parental alleles revealed no sequence variations in the coding sequence of BoLMI1a, whereas a 1737-bp deletion, a 92-bp insertion and an SNP were identified within the BoLMI1a promoter region of parent 18Q2513. Verification analyses with BoLMI1a-specific markers corresponding to the promoter variations revealed that the variations were present only in the lobed-leaf ornamental kale inbred lines. CONCLUSIONS This study identified a lobed-leaf gene BoLMI1a, which was fine-mapped to a 127-kb fragment. Three variations were identified in the promoter region of BoLMI1a. The transcription level of BoLMI1a between the two parents exhibited great difference, providing new insight into the molecular mechanism underlying leaf shape formation in ornamental kale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, #12 Zhong Guan Cun Nandajie Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Wendi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, #12 Zhong Guan Cun Nandajie Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xing Li
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, #12 Zhong Guan Cun Nandajie Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Wenjing Ren
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, #12 Zhong Guan Cun Nandajie Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Li Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, #12 Zhong Guan Cun Nandajie Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Fengqing Han
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, #12 Zhong Guan Cun Nandajie Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zhiyuan Fang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, #12 Zhong Guan Cun Nandajie Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Limei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, #12 Zhong Guan Cun Nandajie Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Mu Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, #12 Zhong Guan Cun Nandajie Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Honghao Lv
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, #12 Zhong Guan Cun Nandajie Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, #12 Zhong Guan Cun Nandajie Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yangyong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, #12 Zhong Guan Cun Nandajie Street, Beijing, 100081, China.
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Abstract
Broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica) is one of the most important vegetable crops cultivated worldwide. The market demand for broccoli is still increasing due to its richness in vitamins, anthocyanins, mineral substances, fiber, secondary metabolites and other nutrients. The famous secondary metabolites, glucosinolates, sulforaphane and selenium have protective effects against cancer. Significant progress has been made in fine-mapping and cloning genes that are responsible for important traits; this progress provides a foundation for marker-assisted selection (MAS) in broccoli breeding. Genetic engineering by the well-developed Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation in broccoli has contributed to the improvement of quality; postharvest life; glucosinolate and sulforaphane content; and resistance to insects, pathogens and abiotic stresses. Here, we review recent progress in the genetics and molecular breeding of broccoli. Future perspectives for improving broccoli are also briefly discussed.
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Abstract
Brassica oleracea is an important vegetable species which belongs to the genus Brassica and the mustard family Brassicaceae Burnett. Strong heterosis in B. oleracea is displayed in yield, quality, disease resistance, and stress tolerance. Heterosis breeding is the main way to improve B. oleracea varieties. Male sterile mutants play an important role in the utilization of heterosis and the study of development and regulation in plant reproduction. In this paper, advances in the research and application of male sterility in B. oleracea were reviewed, including aspects of the genetics, cytological characteristics, discovery of genes related to male sterility, and application of male sterility in B. oleracea. Moreover, the main existing problems and prospect of male sterility application in B. oleracea were addressed and a new hybrids’ production strategy with recessive genic male sterility is introduced.
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Xiao Z, Xing M, Liu X, Fang Z, Yang L, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Zhuang M, Lv H. An efficient virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) system for functional genomics in Brassicas using a cabbage leaf curl virus (CaLCuV)-based vector. PLANTA 2020; 252:42. [PMID: 32870402 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-020-03454-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
CaLCuV-based VIGS effectively works in cabbage and contributes to efficient functional genomics research in Brassica crop species. Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS), a posttranscriptional gene silencing method, is an effective technique for analysing the functions of genes in plants. However, no VIGS vectors have been available for Brassica oleracea until now. Here, tobacco rattle virus (TRV), pTYs and cabbage leaf curl virus (CaLCuV) gene-silencing vectors (PCVA/PCVB) were chosen to improve the VIGS system in cabbage using the phytoene desaturase (PDS) gene as an efficient visual indicator of VIGS. We successfully silenced the expression of PDS and observed photobleaching phenomena in cabbage in response to pTYs and CaLCuV, with the latter being more easy to operate and less expensive. The parameters potentially affecting the silencing efficiency of VIGS by CaLCuV in cabbage, including the targeting fragment strategy, inoculation method and incubation temperature, were then compared. The optimized CaLCuV-based VIGS system involves the following: an approximately 500 bp insert sequence, an Agrobacterium OD600 of 1.0, use of the vacuum osmosis method applied at the bud stage, and an incubation temperature of 22 °C. Using these parameters, we achieved a stable silencing efficiency of 65%. To further test the effectiveness of the system, we selected the Mg-chelatase H subunit (ChlH) gene in cabbage and knocked down its expression, and we observed yellow leaves, as expected. We successfully applied the CaLCuV-based VIGS system to two other representative Brassica crop species, B. rapa and B. nigra, and thus expanded the application scope of this system. Our VIGS system described here will contribute to efficient functional genomics research in Brassica crop species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiliang Xiao
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, 12# Zhongguancun Nandajie Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Miaomiao Xing
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, 12# Zhongguancun Nandajie Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xing Liu
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, 12# Zhongguancun Nandajie Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zhiyuan Fang
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, 12# Zhongguancun Nandajie Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Limei Yang
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, 12# Zhongguancun Nandajie Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yangyong Zhang
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, 12# Zhongguancun Nandajie Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, 12# Zhongguancun Nandajie Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Mu Zhuang
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, 12# Zhongguancun Nandajie Street, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Honghao Lv
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, 12# Zhongguancun Nandajie Street, Beijing, 100081, China.
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Han F, Cui H, Zhang B, Liu X, Yang L, Zhuang M, Lv H, Li Z, Wang Y, Fang Z, Song J, Zhang Y. Map-based cloning and characterization of BoCCD4, a gene responsible for white/yellow petal color in B. oleracea. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:242. [PMID: 30909886 PMCID: PMC6434876 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-5596-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Brassica oleracea exhibits extensive phenotypic diversity. As an important trait, petal color varies among different B. oleracea cultivars, enabling the study of the genetic basis of this trait. In a previous study, the gene responsible for petal color in B. oleracea was mapped to a 503-kb region on chromosome 3, but the candidate gene has not yet been identified. Results In the present study, we report that the candidate gene was further delineated to a 207-kb fragment. BoCCD4, a homolog of the Arabidopsis carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase 4 (CCD4) gene, was selected for evaluation as the candidate gene. Sequence analysis of the YL-1 inbred line revealed three insertions/deletions and 34 single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the coding region of BoCCD4. Functional complementation showed that BoCCD4 from the white-petal inbred line 11–192 can rescue the yellow-petal trait of YL-1. Expression analysis revealed that BoCCD4 is exclusively expressed in petal tissue of white-petal plants, and phylogenetic analysis indicated that CCD4 homologs may share evolutionarily conserved roles in carotenoid metabolism. These findings demonstrate that BoCCD4 is responsible for white/yellow petal color variation in B. oleracea. Conclusions This study demonstrated that function loss of BoCCD4, a homolog of Arabidopsis CCD4, is responsible for yellow petal color in B. oleracea. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-019-5596-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengqing Han
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, #12 Zhong Guan Cun Nandajie Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Huilin Cui
- College of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, #12 Zhong Guan Cun Nandajie Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xiaoping Liu
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, #12 Zhong Guan Cun Nandajie Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Limei Yang
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, #12 Zhong Guan Cun Nandajie Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Mu Zhuang
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, #12 Zhong Guan Cun Nandajie Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Honghao Lv
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, #12 Zhong Guan Cun Nandajie Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zhansheng Li
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, #12 Zhong Guan Cun Nandajie Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, #12 Zhong Guan Cun Nandajie Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zhiyuan Fang
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, #12 Zhong Guan Cun Nandajie Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jianghua Song
- College of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Yangyong Zhang
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, #12 Zhong Guan Cun Nandajie Street, Beijing, 100081, China.
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