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Chen XC, Xu JJ, Yin XT, Qiu YF, Yang R, Wang ZY, Han YW, Wang QK, Zhai JH, Zhang YS, Ran MS, Hu JM. Mediating role of anxiety and impulsivity in the association between child maltreatment and lifetime non-suicidal self-injury with and without suicidal self-injury. J Affect Disord 2024; 347:57-65. [PMID: 37995923 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.11.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Child maltreatment can increase the risk of lifetime non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) and suicidal self-injury (SSI), but there is limited knowledge regarding the differences of potentially psychological mechanisms between NSSI with and without SSI. METHODS Participants, 3918 community-based Chinese young men aged 18-34 years in Chengdu, were included in this study. We investigated the association between depression, anxiety, psychosis, child maltreatment, adulthood traumatic events, impulsivity, alcohol dependence, drug abuse, and lifetime of NSSI among participants with and without SSI. Parallel mediation analysis was utilized to explore the mediators for the relation between child maltreatment and NSSI. RESULTS The prevalence of lifetime NSSI was 6.1 % (95 % CI: 5.4 %-6.9 %) among young men. Anxiety and impulsivity partially mediated the effect of child maltreatment on NSSI either with (indirect effect: 51.2 %) or without SSI (indirect effect: 34.3 %). Depression was independently and significantly associated with only NSSI but not with NSSI+SSI. Alcohol dependence and psychosis were independently and significantly associated with NSSI+SSI and mediated the effect of child maltreatment on NSSI+SSI. LIMITATIONS The cross-sectional survey data limits the robustness of the proof to the causal relationships. CONCLUSIONS Anxiety and impulsivity are associated with NSSI either with or without SSI and partially mediate the effect of child maltreatment on NSSI. Depression is associated with only NSSI, while alcohol dependence and psychosis are only associated with NSSI+SSI. It could be crucial to improve treatment and recovery of alcohol dependence and psychosis for preventing young men engaged in NSSI from attempting SSI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia-Can Chen
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jia-Jun Xu
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao-Tong Yin
- Department of Forensic Psychiatry, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu-Feng Qiu
- Department of Forensic Psychiatry, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Rui Yang
- Department of Forensic Psychiatry, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zi-Ye Wang
- Department of Forensic Psychiatry, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi-Wei Han
- Department of Forensic Psychiatry, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qi-Kai Wang
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jin-Hui Zhai
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu-Shu Zhang
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mao-Sheng Ran
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Jun-Mei Hu
- Department of Forensic Psychiatry, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Epidemiology of knife carrying among young British men. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2021; 56:1555-1563. [PMID: 33502562 PMCID: PMC8429363 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-021-02031-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Knife carrying has caused considerable public concern in the UK. But little is known of the epidemiology and characteristics of men who carry knives. We investigated associations with socioeconomic deprivation, area-level factors, and psychiatric morbidity. METHODS Cross-sectional surveys of 5005 British men, 18-34 years, oversampling Black and Minority Ethnic (BME) men, lower social grades, and in London Borough of Hackney and Glasgow East. Participants completed questionnaires covering violent behaviour and psychiatric morbidity using standardised self-report instruments. Socioeconomic deprivation measured at small area level. RESULTS Prevalence of knife carrying was 5.5% (4.8-6.9) and similar among white and BME subgroups. However, prevalence was twice the national rate in Glasgow East, and four times higher among Black men in Hackney, both areas with high levels of background violence and gang activity. Knife carrying was associated with multiple social problems, attitudes encouraging violence, and psychiatric morbidity, including antisocial personality disorder (AOR 9.94 95% CI 7.28-13.56), drug dependence (AOR 2.96 95% CI 1.90-4.66), and paranoid ideation (AOR 6.05 95% CI 4.47-8.19). There was no evidence of a linear relationship with socioeconomic deprivation. CONCLUSION Men who carry knives represent an important public health problem with high levels of health service use. It is not solely a criminal justice issue. Rates are increased in areas where street gangs are active. Contact with the criminal justice system provides opportunity for targeted violence prevention interventions involving engagement with integrated psychiatric, substance misuse, and criminal justice agencies.
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Oldehinkel AJ. Editorial: Something special - the scientific challenges of rare risks. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2020; 61:941-942. [PMID: 32810310 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Globalization has sparked international collaboration in our field, and this trend is expected to continue in the years to come. This offers excellent opportunities to learn more about the influence of children's sociocultural environments on their development and mental health. A particular challenge when studying risk factors across cultures and populations is that the risk associated with a particular exposure may depend on its prevalence: rarity tends to aggravate impact. This phenomenon complicates not only comparisons across cultures, but also those across subpopulations and time periods within a population. Moreover, it may counteract the effectiveness of risk-reducing public health efforts. On the bright side, the extent to which the impact of a risk factor is determined by its rarity provides researchers with valuable tools to deepen and sharpen theories about the nature and working mechanisms of that risk factor, with prevention and treatment strategies that also benefit youth in exceptional conditions as a likely consequence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albertine J Oldehinkel
- Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation of the University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Colgrave N, Ibbett I, Thani N. Transfer times and patient outcomes - A review of head injuries requiring surgery in Tasmania 2006-2017. J Clin Neurosci 2019; 64:122-126. [PMID: 30935750 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2019.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The Royal Hobart Hospital (RHH) provides the only neurosurgical service in the state of Tasmania, Australia, with many patients requiring surgical treatment of intracranial injuries needing to be transferred from peripheral hospitals around the state to Hobart. This retrospective review analysed the medical records of all patients who underwent a neurosurgical intervention at RHH for an intracranial injury over a 10½ year period to ascertain if prolonged transfer times correlated with poorer patient outcomes. A total of 360 patients were included in the study, with 159 patients presenting initially to a peripheral hospital and subsequently transferred to RHH for surgery. A correlation analysis found no statistically significant relationship between transfer times from peripheral hospitals and patient Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) scores at 6 months post-surgery (r = 0.065, P = 0.434). There was also no correlation between transfer times and discharge destination (r = 0.088, P = 0.275). We concluded that patient transfers for head injury management in Tasmania are timely and meeting patient needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nevin Colgrave
- Department of Neurosurgery, Royal Hobart Hospital, 48 Liverpool Street, Hobart, TAS 7000, Australia.
| | - Imogen Ibbett
- Department of Neurosurgery, Royal Hobart Hospital, 48 Liverpool Street, Hobart, TAS 7000, Australia
| | - Nova Thani
- Department of Neurosurgery, Royal Hobart Hospital, 48 Liverpool Street, Hobart, TAS 7000, Australia
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Gao X, Ye P, Er Y, Jin Y, Wang L, Duan L. Violence prevalence and prevention status in China. Inj Prev 2019; 25:67-73. [DOI: 10.1136/injuryprev-2017-042593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
ObjectivesTo describe the prevalence status of violence and its prevention in China, and to provide reference for the development of strategies regarding violence prevention.MethodsViolence mortality data between 2006 and 2015 were obtained from the national disease/death surveillance data set in 2006–2015. Data on violence-related medical cases were collected from the 2015 National Injury Surveillance System. The laws and policies about violence prevention and violence prevention programmes in China were described.ResultsViolence mortality declined by 57.02% during 2006–2015 from 1.21/100 000 to 0.52/100 000. Violent death rate in males peaked in the age group 25–29 years (1.05/100 000) and it was low in the age group <15 years. Female violence mortality rate peaked during infancy (0.54/100 000), aged 25–29 (0.53/100 000) and age above 85 (0.98/100 000). The laws and policies about violence prevention were more perfect, while most prevention programmes were limited in scale and duration.ConclusionsThe mortality of violence declined in China during 2006–2015. It is necessary to conduct gender-specific prevention strategies and improve the data collection and prevention service.
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Coid JW, Hu J, Kallis C, Ping Y, Zhang J, Hu Y, Zhang T, Gonzalez R, Ullrich S, Jones PB, Kirkbride JB. Urban Birth, Urban Living, and Work Migrancy: Differential Effects on Psychotic Experiences Among Young Chinese Men. Schizophr Bull 2018; 44:1123-1132. [PMID: 29301013 PMCID: PMC6101522 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbx152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Urban birth and urban living are associated with increased risk of schizophrenia but less is known about effects on more common psychotic experiences (PEs). China has undergone the most rapid urbanization of any country which may have affected the population-level expression of psychosis. We therefore investigated effects of urbanicity, work migrancy, and residential stability on prevalence and severity of PEs. METHODS Population-based, 2-wave household survey of psychiatric morbidity and health-related behavior among 4132 men, 18-34 years of age living in urban and rural Greater Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China. PEs were measured using the Psychosis Screening Questionnaire. RESULTS 1261 (31%) of young men experienced at least 1 PE. Lower levels of PEs were not associated with urbanicity, work migrancy or residential stability. Urban birth was associated with reporting 3 or more PEs (OR: 1.63; 95% CI: 1.25-2.11), after multivariable adjustment, with further evidence (P = .01) this effect was restricted to those currently living in urban environments (OR: 1.78; 95% CI: 1.16-2.72). Men experiencing a maximum of 5 PEs were over 8 times more likely to have been born in an urban area (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 8.81; 95% CI 1.50-51.79). CONCLUSIONS Men in Chengdu, China, experience a high prevalence of PEs. This may be explained by rapid urbanization and residential instability. Urban birth was specifically associated with high, but not lower, severity levels of PEs, particularly amongst those currently living in urban environments. This suggests that early and sustained environmental exposures may be associated with more severe phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy W Coid
- Violence Prevention Research Unit, Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Junmei Hu
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Constantinos Kallis
- Violence Prevention Research Unit, Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Yuan Ping
- West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Juying Zhang
- West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yueying Hu
- Chengdu Academy of Social Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Tianqiang Zhang
- Violence Prevention Research Unit, Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | | | - Simone Ullrich
- Violence Prevention Research Unit, Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK,To whom correspondence should be addressed; Centre for Psychiatry, Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK; tel: +44-7981-1479-79, e-mail:
| | - Peter B Jones
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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