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Nguyen MT, Sicotte R, Pires De Oliveira Padilha P, Abdel-Baki A. Community Treatment Orders use Among Persons With a First Episode of Psychosis in Quebec. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY. REVUE CANADIENNE DE PSYCHIATRIE 2023; 68:119-129. [PMID: 36135936 PMCID: PMC9923137 DOI: 10.1177/07067437221125284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Specialized early intervention for psychosis can reduce the duration of untreated psychosis and improve clinical and functional outcomes. However, poor adherence to treatment is frequent. The literature on community treatment orders (CTOs) use in first-episode psychosis (FEP) as a means to improve treatment adherence is limited. In the context of early intervention for psychosis services (EIS), this study aims to describe (1) the frequency of CTOs utilisation, (2) the trend of CTOs use over time, (3) the timing and reasons for requesting CTOs and (4) the baseline characteristics of FEP patients on CTOs compared to those who were not. METHOD A 5-year prospective longitudinal study describing the use of CTOs among persons with FEP admitted to two urban EIS in Montreal, Quebec, from 2005 to 2013. At admission, and then annually for 5 years, CTOs data were collected through chart review. Baseline characteristics, assessed by patient interviews, standardized questionnaires and chart review, included socio-demographic data, illness severity, functioning and alcohol and substance use. Descriptive analyses were performed, and FEP patients on CTOs during follow-up and those who were not were compared using analyses of variance, chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS Among 567 FEP patients, 19.2% were placed on CTOs. The main reasons for requesting CTOs were to prevent further deterioration in mental state, social functioning, harmful behaviours to self and others and homelessness. FEP patients on CTOs had poorer premorbid and baseline functioning, more severe symptoms and social dysfunction at admission, including legal problems and homelessness. CONCLUSIONS CTOs can be a tool to improve adherence to treatment, which is crucial for relapse prevention in FEP. However, since it is a coercive method that limits a person's fundamental rights, further research is warranted to assess its impact on patients' lives, clinical and functional outcomes, as well as patients' and carers' perception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh Thi Nguyen
- Department of Psychiatry and Addiction, Faculty of Medicine, 5622University of Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Roxanne Sicotte
- Department of Psychiatry and Addiction, Faculty of Medicine, 5622University of Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Amal Abdel-Baki
- Department of Psychiatry and Addiction, Faculty of Medicine, 5622University of Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Neurosciences axis, 177460Research Center Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada
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Strube W, Aksar A, Bauer I, Barbosa S, Benros M, Blankenstein C, Campana M, Davidovic L, Glaichenhaus N, Falkai P, Görlitz T, Hansbauer M, Heilig D, Khalfallah O, Leboyer M, Martinuzzi E, Mayer S, Moussiopoulou J, Papazova I, Perić N, Wagner E, Schneider-Axmann T, Simon J, Hasan A. Effects of add-on Celecoxib treatment on patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders and inflammatory cytokine profile trial (TargetFlame): study design and methodology of a multicentre randomized, placebo-controlled trial. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2022:10.1007/s00702-022-02566-6. [PMID: 36401749 PMCID: PMC10374797 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-022-02566-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
AbstractNeuroinflammation has been proposed to impact symptomatology in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. While previous studies have shown equivocal effects of treatments with add-on anti-inflammatory drugs such as Aspirin, N-acetylcysteine and Celecoxib, none have used a subset of prospectively recruited patients exhibiting an inflammatory profile. The aim of the study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety as well as the cost-effectiveness of a treatment with 400 mg Celecoxib added to an ongoing antipsychotic treatment in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders exhibiting an inflammatory profile. The “Add-on Celecoxib treatment in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders and inflammatory cytokine profile trial (TargetFlame)” is a multicentre randomized, placebo-controlled phase III investigator-initiated clinical trial with the following two arms: patients exhibiting an inflammatory profile receiving either add-on Celecoxib 400 mg/day or add-on placebo. A total of 199 patients will be assessed for eligibility by measuring blood levels of three pro-inflammatory cytokines, and 109 patients with an inflammatory profile, i.e. inflamed, will be randomized, treated for 8 weeks and followed-up for additional four months. The primary endpoint will be changes in symptom severity as assessed by total Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) score changes from baseline to week 8. Secondary endpoints include various other measures of psychopathology and safety. Additional health economic analyses will be performed. TargetFlame is the first study aimed at evaluating the efficacy, safety and cost-effectiveness of the antiphlogistic agent Celecoxib in a subset of patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders exhibiting an inflammatory profile. With TargetFlame, we intended to investigate a novel precision medicine approach towards anti-inflammatory antipsychotic treatment augmentation using drug repurposing. Clinical trial registration:http://www.drks.de/DRKS00029044 and https://trialsearch.who.int/Trial2.aspx?TrialID=DRKS00029044
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Simon J, Kiss N, Korrelboom K, Kingdon D, Wykes T, Phiri P, van der Gaag M, Baksh MF, Steel C. Cost-Effectiveness of Positive Memory Training (PoMeT) for the Treatment of Depression in Schizophrenia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:11985. [PMID: 36231292 PMCID: PMC9565889 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191911985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The Positive Memory Training (PoMeT) trial demonstrated reduced depression symptoms at 3 months for schizophrenia, but its longer-term outcome and cost impacts remain unknown. This study is a within-trial cost-utility analysis with quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) as outcome based on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) measurement and secondary outcome analyses of capability well-being. The incremental cost-effectiveness of PoMeT was compared to Treatment As Usual only (TAU) over 9 months from the 'health and social' care and 'societal' perspectives. Uncertainty was explored using bootstrapping and sensitivity analyses for cost outliers and outcome methods. HRQoL improvement was observed for both PoMeT and TAU at 3 months, but reached statistical significance and was sustained only for TAU. There was no change in capability well-being and no significant group difference in QALYs gained over 9 months. Mean intervention cost was GBP 823. Compared to TAU, PoMeT had significantly higher mental health care costs (+GBP 1251, 95% CI GBP 185 to GBP 2316) during the trial, but 'health and social care' and 'societal' cost differences were non-significant. Compared to the before-trial period, psychiatric medication costs increased significantly in both groups. The probability of PoMeT being cost-effective in the given format over 9 months was <30% and decreased further in sensitivity analyses.. Generalizability remains limited since the before-after cost analysis revealed additional treatment effects also in the TAU group that likely diminished the incremental impacts and cost-effectiveness of PoMeT. It is not clear whether an active post-intervention follow-up could result in sustained longer-term effects and improved cost-effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judit Simon
- Department of Health Economics, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Kinderspitalgasse 15, 1090 Wien, Austria
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford OX3 7JX, UK
| | - Noemi Kiss
- Department of Health Economics, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Kinderspitalgasse 15, 1090 Wien, Austria
| | - Kees Korrelboom
- Department of Anxiety Disorders, PsyQ Parnassia Group, Psychiatric Center, Lijnbaan 4, 2512 VA The Hague, The Netherlands
- Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Tilburg University, Warandelaan 2, 5037 AB Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - David Kingdon
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Til Wykes
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, London SE5 8AF, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London SE5 8AZ, UK
| | - Peter Phiri
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Highfield Campus, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
- Research & Innovation Department, Tom Rudd Unit, Southern Health NHS Foundation Trust Moorgreen Hospital, Botley Rd, West End, Southampton SO30 3JB, UK
| | - Mark van der Gaag
- Department of Clinical Psychology, VU University and Amsterdam Public Mental Health Research Institute, Van der Boechorststraat 1, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Parnassia Psychiatric Institute, Zoutkeetsingel 40, 2512 HN The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - M. Fazil Baksh
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6AL, UK
| | - Craig Steel
- School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6AL, UK
- Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford OX3 7JX, UK
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Martinho SM, Santa-Rosa B, Silvestre M. Where the public health principles meet the individual: a framework for the ethics of compulsory outpatient treatment in psychiatry. BMC Med Ethics 2022; 23:77. [PMID: 35879800 PMCID: PMC9309603 DOI: 10.1186/s12910-022-00814-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Compulsory treatments represent a legal means of imposing treatment on an individual, usually with a mental illness, who refuses therapeutic intervention and poses a risk of self-harm or harm to others. Compulsory outpatient treatment (COT) in psychiatry, also known as community treatment order, is a modality of involuntary treatment that broadens the therapeutic imposition beyond hospitalization and into the community. Despite its existence in over 75 jurisdictions worldwide, COT is currently one of the most controversial topics in psychiatry, and it presents significant ethical challenges. Nonetheless, the ethical debate regarding compulsory treatment almost always stops at a preclinical level, with the different ethical positions arguing for or against its use, and there is little guidance to support for the individual clinicians to act ethically when making the decision to implement COT. Main body The current body of evidence is not clear about the efficacy of COT. Therefore, despite its application in several countries, evidence favouring the use of COT is controversial and mixed at best. In these unclear circumstances, ethical guidance becomes paramount. This paper provides an ethical analysis of use of COT, considering the principlist framework established by Ross Upshur in 2002 to justify public health interventions during the 2002–2004 severe acute respiratory syndrome outbreak. This paper thoroughly examines the pertinence of using the principles of harm, proportionality, reciprocity, and transparency when considering the initiation of COT. Conclusion Ross Upshur’s principlist model provides a useful reflection tool for justifying the application of COT. This framework may help to inform sounder ethical decisions in clinical psychiatric practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sérgio M Martinho
- Bioethics Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Celas, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Bárbara Santa-Rosa
- Bioethics Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Celas, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal.,National Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences, North Branch, Porto, Portugal
| | - Margarida Silvestre
- Bioethics Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Celas, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal.,Reproductive Medicine Department, Coimbra Hospital and University Centre, Coimbra, Portugal
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Helter TM, Coast J, Łaszewska A, Stamm T, Simon J. Comparison of capability and health-related quality of life instruments in capturing aspects of mental well-being in people with schizophrenia and depression. BJPsych Open 2022; 8:e117. [PMID: 35758648 PMCID: PMC9301777 DOI: 10.1192/bjo.2022.514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is increasing evidence that assessing outcomes in terms of capability provides information beyond that of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) for outcome evaluation in mental health research and clinical practice. AIMS To assess similarities and differences in the measurement properties of the ICECAP-A capability measure and Oxford Capabilities Questionnaire for Mental Health (OxCAP-MH) in people with schizophrenia experiencing depression, and compare these measurement properties with those of (a) the EuroQol EQ-5D-5L and EuroQol Visual Analogue Scale (EQ-VAS) and (b) mental health-specific (disease-specific) measures. METHOD Using data for 100 patients from the UK, measurement properties were compared using correlation analyses, Bland-Altman plots and exploratory factor analysis. Responsiveness was assessed by defining groups who worsened, improved or remained unchanged, based on whether there was a clinically meaningful change in the instrument scores between baseline and 9-month follow-up assessments. RESULTS The two capability instruments had stronger convergent validity with each other (Spearman's rho = 0.677) than with the HRQoL (rho = 0.354-0.431) or the mental health-specific (rho = 0.481-0.718) instruments. The OxCAP-MH tended to have stronger correlations with mental health-specific instruments than the ICECAP-A, whereas the ICECAP-A had slightly stronger correlation with the EQ-VAS. Change scores on the capability instruments correlated weakly with change scores on the HRQoL scales (rho = 0.131-0.269), but moderately with those on mental health-specific instruments for the ICECAP-A (rho = 0.355-0.451) and moderately/strongly on the OxCAP-MH (rho = 0.437-0.557). CONCLUSIONS Assessing outcomes in terms of capabilities for people with schizophrenia and depression provided more relevant, mental health-specific information than the EQ-5D-5L or the EQ-VAS. The ICECAP-A and the OxCAP-MH demonstrated similar psychometric properties, but the OxCAP-MH was more correlated with disease-specific instruments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timea Mariann Helter
- Department of Health Economics, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Joanna Coast
- Health Economics Bristol, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, UK
| | - Agata Łaszewska
- Department of Health Economics, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Tanja Stamm
- Section for Outcomes Research, Center for Medical Statistics, Informatics, and Intelligent Systems, Medical University of Vienna, Austria; and Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Arthritis and Rehabilitation, Vienna, Austria
| | - Judit Simon
- Department of Health Economics, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Austria; and Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK
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Helter TM, Kaltenboeck A, Baumgartner J, Mayrhofer F, Heinze G, Sönnichsen A, Wancata J, Simon J. Does the relative importance of the OxCAP-MH's capability items differ according to mental ill-health experience? Health Qual Life Outcomes 2022; 20:99. [PMID: 35751092 PMCID: PMC9233329 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-022-02009-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some capability dimensions may be more important than others in determining someone's well-being, and these preferences might be dependent on ill-health experience. This study aimed to explore the relative preference weights of the 16 items of the German language version of the OxCAP-MH (Oxford Capability questionnaire-Mental Health) capability instrument and their differences across cohorts with alternative levels of mental ill-health experience. METHODS A Best-Worst-Scaling (BWS) survey was conducted in Austria among 1) psychiatric patients (direct mental ill-health experience), 2) (mental) healthcare experts (indirect mental ill-health experience), and 3) primary care patients with no mental ill-health experience. Relative importance scores for each item of the German OxCAP-MH instrument were calculated using Hierarchical Bayes estimation. Rank analysis and multivariable linear regression analysis with robust standard errors were used to explore the relative importance of the OxCAP-MH items across the three cohorts. RESULTS The study included 158 participants with complete cases and acceptable fit statistic. The relative importance scores for the full cohort ranged from 0.76 to 15.72. Findings of the BWS experiment indicated that the items Self-determination and Limitation in daily activities were regarded as the most important for all three cohorts. Freedom of expression was rated significantly less important by psychiatric patients than by the other two cohorts, while Having suitable accommodation appeared significantly less important by the expert cohort. There were no further significant differences in the relative preference weights of OxCAP-MH items between the cohorts or according to gender. CONCLUSIONS Our study indicates significant between-item but limited mental ill-health related heterogeneity in the relative preference weights of the different capability items within the OxCAP-MH. The findings support the future development of preference-based value sets elicited from the general population for comparative economic evaluation purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timea Mariann Helter
- Department of Health Economics, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Kinderspitalgasse 15, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexander Kaltenboeck
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Clinical Division of Social Psychiatry, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Josef Baumgartner
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Clinical Division of Social Psychiatry, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Franz Mayrhofer
- Primary Healthcare Center Medizin Mariahilf, Mariahilfer Straße 95, 1060, Vienna, Austria
| | - Georg Heinze
- Institute of Clinical Biometrics, Center for Medical Statistics, Informatics and Intelligent Systems, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Sönnichsen
- Department of General Practice and Family Medicine, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Kinderspitalgasse 15, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Johannes Wancata
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Clinical Division of Social Psychiatry, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Judit Simon
- Department of Health Economics, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Kinderspitalgasse 15, 1090, Vienna, Austria. .,Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, OX3 7JX, UK. .,Health Economics Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK.
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Katumba KR, Laurence YV, Tenywa P, Ssebunnya J, Laszewska A, Simon J, Vassall A, Kinyanda E, Greco G. Cultural and linguistic adaptation of the multi-dimensional OXCAP-MH for outcome measurement of mental health among people living with HIV/AIDS in Uganda: the Luganda version. J Patient Rep Outcomes 2021; 5:32. [PMID: 33826007 PMCID: PMC8026780 DOI: 10.1186/s41687-021-00306-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is rare to find HIV/AIDS care providers in sub-Saharan Africa routinely providing mental health services, yet 8-30% of the people living with HIV have depression. In an ongoing trial to assess integration of collaborative care of depression into routine HIV services in Uganda, we will assess quality of life using the standard EQ-5D-5L, and the capability-based OxCAP-MH which has never been adapted nor used in a low-income setting. We present the results of the translation and validation process for cultural and linguistic appropriateness of the OxCAP-MH tool for people living with HIV/AIDS and depression in Uganda. METHODS The translation process used the Concept Elaboration document, the source English version of OxCAP-MH, and the Back-Translation Review template as provided during the user registration process of the OxCAP-MH, and adhered to the Translation and Linguistic Validation process of the OxCAP-MH, which was developed following the international principles of good practice for translation as per the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research's standards. RESULTS The final official Luganda version of the OxCAP-MH was obtained following a systematic iterative process, and is equivalent to the English version in content, but key concepts were translated to ensure cultural acceptability, feasibility and comprehension by Luganda-speaking people. CONCLUSION The newly developed Luganda version of the OxCAP-MH can be used both as an alternative or as an addition to health-related quality of life patient-reported outcome measures in research about people living with HIV with comorbid depression, as well as more broadly for mental health research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth R. Katumba
- MRC/UVRI & LSHTM Uganda Research Unit (Social Aspects of Health), Plot 51-59 Nakiwogo Road, Entebbe, +256 Uganda
| | - Yoko V. Laurence
- Centre for Health Economics in London, (Department of Global Health and Development), London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Patrick Tenywa
- MRC/UVRI & LSHTM Uganda Research Unit & Senior Wellcome Trust Fellowship (Mental Health Section), Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Joshua Ssebunnya
- Butabika National Referral and Teaching Mental Hospital, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Agata Laszewska
- Center for Public Health, (Department of Health Economics), Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Judit Simon
- Center for Public Health, (Department of Health Economics), Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- University of Oxford, (Department of Psychiatry and HERC), Oxford, UK
| | - Anna Vassall
- Centre for Health Economics in London, (Department of Global Health and Development), London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Eugene Kinyanda
- MRC/UVRI & LSHTM Uganda Research Unit & Senior Wellcome Trust Fellowship (Mental Health Section), Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Giulia Greco
- Centre for Health Economics in London, (Department of Global Health and Development), London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
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