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Dai X, Liang J, Shi H, Yan T, He Z, Li L, Hu H. Health risk assessment of heavy metals based on source analysis and Monte Carlo in the downstream basin of the Zishui. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 245:117975. [PMID: 38145736 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
In this study, stone coal mines in the lower reaches of the Zijiang River were adopted as the research object. To analyze the spatial distribution, sources, and health risks of heavy metals in the surrounding soil of stone coal mines, 82 topsoil samples were collected in the study area, and the contents of 8 heavy metals including Cd, Hg, As, Cr, Pb, Cu, Ni, and Zn were determined. The spatial distribution of heavy metals was analyzed using ArcGIS, and the pollution sources of heavy metals were identified using Positive matrix factorization (PMF). Then, Monte Carlo and health risk assessment models were used to evaluate the health risks of different populations. The results showed that the average content of heavy metals followed the order of Zn > Cr > Pb > Cu > Ni > As > Cd > Hg, and the contents of all heavy metals were higher than the soil background values of Hunan Province. The high-value areas of heavy metals content were mostly concentrated in the central region close to areas with a notable concentration of stone coal mines. PMF identified four pollution sources, namely, mining activities (26.9%), atmospheric deposition (18.8%), natural sources (32.8%) and agricultural sources (21.5%). The carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks for children were higher than those for adults, with As and Cd posing higher carcinogenic risks to children. Based on the source of health risks, it was determined that the health risks could be primarily attributed to agricultural sources, and As was the main heavy metal causing health risks. This study provides theoretical support for treating heavy metal pollution in mining basins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Dai
- Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, PR China; Technical Centre for Soil, Agriculture and Rural Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing, 100012, PR China.
| | - Jiahui Liang
- Technical Centre for Soil, Agriculture and Rural Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing, 100012, PR China
| | - Huading Shi
- Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, PR China; Technical Centre for Soil, Agriculture and Rural Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing, 100012, PR China.
| | - Tiezhu Yan
- Technical Centre for Soil, Agriculture and Rural Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing, 100012, PR China
| | - Zexin He
- Technical Centre for Soil, Agriculture and Rural Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing, 100012, PR China
| | - Li Li
- Technical Centre for Soil, Agriculture and Rural Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing, 100012, PR China
| | - Hualing Hu
- Technical Centre for Soil, Agriculture and Rural Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing, 100012, PR China
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Li Y, Liu S, Zhan C, Liu H, Zhang J, Guo J, Fang L, Wang Y. Source-based health risk assessment of heavy metal contamination in soil: a case study from a polymetallic mining region in Southeastern Hubei, Central China. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 46:12. [PMID: 38147164 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-023-01804-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
To conduct a precise health risk assessment of heavy metals (HMs) in soil, it is imperative to ascertain the primary sources of potential health risks. In this study, we conducted comprehensive measurements of HMs, specifically focusing on the accumulation of Cu, Cd, Sb, Zn, and Pb in local soil, which may pose threats to environmental quality. To achieve our objective, we employed a method that combines positive matrix factorization with a health risk assessment model to quantify the health risks associated with specific sources. The results obtained from the geo-accumulation index indicate that the majority of HMs found in the local soil are influenced by anthropogenic activities. Among these sources, local industrial-related activities contributed the largest proportion of HMs to the soil at 34.7%, followed by natural sources at 28.7%, mining and metallurgy-related activities at 28.2%, and traffic-related activities at 8.40%. Although the non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks associated with individual HMs were found to be below safety thresholds, the cumulative health risks stemming from total HMs exceeded safety limits for children. Moreover, the unacceptable health risks for children originating from industrial-related activities, natural sources, and mining and metallurgy-related activities were primarily concentrated in proximity to mining sites and industrial areas within the local region. This investigation furnishes valuable insights that can aid governmental authorities in formulating precise control policies to mitigate health threats posed by soils in polymetallic mining areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanni Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, 435003, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mine Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, 435003, China
| | - Shan Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, 435003, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mine Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, 435003, China.
| | - Changlin Zhan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, 435003, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mine Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, 435003, China
| | - Hongxia Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, 435003, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mine Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, 435003, China
| | - Jiaquan Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, 435003, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mine Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, 435003, China
| | - Jianlin Guo
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, 435003, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mine Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, 435003, China
| | - Lihu Fang
- The First Geological Brigade of Hubei Geological Bureau, Research Center of Ecological Environment Restoration and Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Huangshi, 435000, China
| | - Yanan Wang
- The First Geological Brigade of Hubei Geological Bureau, Research Center of Ecological Environment Restoration and Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Huangshi, 435000, China
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Zhao M, Wang H, Sun J, Tang R, Cai B, Song X, Huang X, Huang J, Fan Z. Spatio-temporal characteristics of soil Cd pollution and its influencing factors: A Geographically and temporally weighted regression (GTWR) method. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 446:130613. [PMID: 36584651 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Soil Cd pollution is the result of the combined influence of various human activities over a long period of time, and then quantifying the influence is essential for the prevention and control. Based on published literature data during 2000-2020, this study investigated the pollution characteristics and influencing factors of soil Cd in the Yangtze River Delta. The results were as follows: (1) The average Cd concentration was higher than the Chinese soil criteria value (0.30 mg/kg), and the proportion of Cd concentration exceeding its background value was 87.43%. (2) The assessment results using Contamination factor (CF) and Geo-accumulation index (Igeo) indicated that the soil Cd pollution risk could not negligible in the study area. (3) The pollution center shifted significantly owing to the combined effect of human activities. (4) The main influencing factors of Cd pollution obtained by Geographically and temporally weighted regression (GTWR) model were GDP per capita, Consumption of chemical fertilizer, Output value of primary industry, and Output value of secondary industry, but there were significant differences in the dominant factors for different provinces. Our findings contribute to the current understanding of the relationship between Cd pollution and human activities, and provide a scientific basis for pollution control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menglu Zhao
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Huijuan Wang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jiaxun Sun
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Rui Tang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Boya Cai
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xiaoyong Song
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xinmiao Huang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jian Huang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Zhengqiu Fan
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
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Yu H, Lin M, Peng W, He C. Seasonal changes of heavy metals and health risk assessment based on Monte Carlo simulation in alternate water sources of the Xinbian River in Suzhou City, Huaibei Plain, China. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 236:113445. [PMID: 35378402 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The urban alternate water source (AWS) is of great significance to the sustainable development of the city, the pollution degree, and source of heavy metals (HMs) in AWS, and whether it will adversely affect human health has received widespread attention. In this study, the urban AWS of Xinbian River in Suzhou City, Huaibei Plain, China, was used as the research object to study the seasonal changes of HMs (As, Cr, Cu, Cd, Pb, and Zn), quantitative identification of pollution sources, and human health risks (HHR). Research results show that the contents of those HMs, except As, are less than the drinking standards limit set by the World Health Organization (WHO), and the contents of As, Cr, and Zn are the largest in summer. The multivariate statistical analysis combined with positive matrix factorization (PMF) model analysis revealed that industrial sources accounted for 44.83%, and agricultural sources accounted for 55.17%. HHR assessment based on Monte Carlo simulation shows that the noncarcinogenic risks of adults and children are in the acceptable range (hazardous ingestion (HI) < 1), and the probability of carcinogenic risk values of children and adults are 95.03% and 38.96%, respectively, which are exceed the acceptable range (1 × 10-4) recommended by the United States Environment Protection Agency (USEPA). Approximately 30.75% of the carcinogenic risk value of agricultural source HMs to children exceeds the acceptable range (1 × 10-4). The above research results indicate that the effect of agricultural non-point source pollution on AWS should be prevented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yu
- National Engineering Research Center of Coal Mine Water Hazard Controlling, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, PR China; Key Laboratory of Mine Water Resource Utilization of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, PR China; School of Environment and Surveying Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, PR China
| | - Manli Lin
- National Engineering Research Center of Coal Mine Water Hazard Controlling, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, PR China; Key Laboratory of Mine Water Resource Utilization of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, PR China; School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, PR China.
| | - Weihua Peng
- National Engineering Research Center of Coal Mine Water Hazard Controlling, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, PR China; Key Laboratory of Mine Water Resource Utilization of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, PR China; School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, PR China.
| | - Can He
- Institute of Resources and Environment, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing 100089, PR China
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Huang CC, Cai LM, Xu YH, Jie L, Chen LG, Hu GC, Jiang HH, Xu XB, Mei JX. A comprehensive exploration on the health risk quantification assessment of soil potentially toxic elements from different sources around large-scale smelting area. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022; 194:206. [PMID: 35190909 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-09804-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Non-ferrous metal smelting activities have always been considered as one of the foremost anthropogenic sources of potentially toxic elements (PTEs). The enrichment factor (EF) and pollution load index (PLI) were used to evaluate the pollution level of soil PTEs; positive matrix factorization (PMF), correlation analysis, and geostatistics were utilized to quantify the sources of soil PTEs; and potential ecological risk (PER) and human health risk (HHR) of different sources from farmland, construction land, and natural land were quantifiably determined via combined PTE sources with PER and HHR assessment models. Taking the smelting area of Daye City as an example, the evaluation results of EF and PLI showed that the soil PTE pollution in the study area was serious, especially Cd and Cu. And four sources were quantitatively allocated as agricultural practices (12.14%), traffic emissions (23.07%), natural sources (33.46%), and industrial activities (31.33%). For PER, industrial activities were the largest contributor to PER, accounting for 55.66%, 56.30%, and 55.36% of farmland, construction land, and natural land, respectively, and Cd was the most dangerous element. In terms of HHR, industrial activities were also the cardinal contributors under the three land use types. Children were exposed to serious non-carcinogenic risks under three land use patterns and slight carcinogenic risk in construction land (1.06E - 04). Significantly, the carcinogenic risk of children in farmland (9.06 × 10-5) was very close to the threshold (1 × 10-4), which requires attention. Both non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risk for adults were all at acceptable levels. The health risks (carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks) of children from four different sources were distinctly higher than those of adults. Consequently, strict management and control of industrial activities should be given priority, and the management of agricultural practices should not be ignored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Chen Huang
- Key Laboratory of Exploration Technologies for Oil and Gas Resources, Ministry of Education, Yangtze University, Wuhan, 430100, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Petroleum Geochemistry and Environment, Yangtze University, Wuhan, 430100, China
| | - Li-Mei Cai
- Key Laboratory of Exploration Technologies for Oil and Gas Resources, Ministry of Education, Yangtze University, Wuhan, 430100, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Petroleum Geochemistry and Environment, Yangtze University, Wuhan, 430100, China.
- Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
| | - Yao-Hui Xu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Petroleum Geochemistry and Environment, Yangtze University, Wuhan, 430100, China
| | - Luo Jie
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Petroleum Geochemistry and Environment, Yangtze University, Wuhan, 430100, China
| | - Lai-Guo Chen
- Ministry of Ecology and Environment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Guangzhou, 510535, China.
| | - Guo-Cheng Hu
- Ministry of Ecology and Environment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Guangzhou, 510535, China
| | - Hui-Hao Jiang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Petroleum Geochemistry and Environment, Yangtze University, Wuhan, 430100, China
| | - Xu-Bang Xu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Petroleum Geochemistry and Environment, Yangtze University, Wuhan, 430100, China
| | - Jing-Xian Mei
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Petroleum Geochemistry and Environment, Yangtze University, Wuhan, 430100, China
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