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Wu H, Sun W, Zhu F, Jiang Y, Huang S, Goloran J, Xue S. Straw addition increases enzyme activities and microbial carbon metabolism activities in bauxite residue. J Environ Sci (China) 2024; 135:332-344. [PMID: 37778808 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2022.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Recovery of microbial functions is one of the critical processes in the nutrient cycling of bauxite residue for improving revegetation. Straw is considered to be effective to increase microbial diversity and drive the development of the microbial community, but its effect on microbial carbon metabolism has not been illustrated. The present study evaluated the effects of phosphogypsum (PG), straw (SF) and phosphogypsum plus straw (PGSF) on physicochemical properties, enzyme activities, and microbial carbon metabolism activities in bauxite residue. After 180 days incubation, PG, SF and PGSF treatment significantly reduced the residue pH from 10.85 to 8.64, 9.39 and 8.06, respectively. Compared to CK treatment, SF treatment significantly increased the content of total organic carbon (TOC) and organic carbon fractions (DOC, MBC, EOC, and POC). In addition, straw addition significantly increased glucosidase, cellulose, urease, and alkaline phosphatase by 7.2-9.1 times, 5.8-7.1 times, 11.1-12.5 times, and 1.1-2.2 times, respectively. The Biolog results showed that straw addition significantly increased microbial metabolic activity (AWCD) and diversity in bauxite residue. Redundancy analysis indicated total nitrogen (TN) and carbon fractions (POC, MBC and DOC) were the most important environmental factors affecting microbial metabolic activity and diversity in bauxite residue. These findings provided us with a biogeochemical perspective to reveal soil formation in bauxite residue and suggested that nutrient supplement and regulation of salinity-alkalinity benefit the establishment of microbial communities and functions in bauxite residue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Wei Sun
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Feng Zhu
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
| | - Yifan Jiang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Shiwei Huang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Johnvie Goloran
- School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Shengguo Xue
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
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Li B, Sun Q, Liu Z, Tan Y. Production of a new type of cemented paste backfill with solid waste from carbide slag, soda residue, and red mud: mechanism, optimization, and its environmental effects. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:96660-96677. [PMID: 37578582 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29054-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
To solve the disposal problems of carbide slag (CS), soda residue (SR), and red mud (RM) solid wastes, a new type of cemented paste backfill (CPB) was prepared with CS, SR, and RM solid wastes. The mixing proportion for the CPB was optimized by combining the Box‒Behnken design (BBD) response surface method and the satisfaction function method. The strength formation mechanism for the CPB was analyzed with physical and mechanical property tests, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), etc. The safety of the CPB was evaluated with heavy metal leaching testing. The results showed that the 28-day unconfined compressive strength (UCS) of CPB first increased and then decreased with increasing CS/RM (0.2 ~ 0.6) and SR/RM (0.2 ~ 0.6); the optimum mixing ratios were CS/RM = 0.45 and SR/RM = 0.37, and the solid mass concentration was 64.75%; dense calcium silicate (aluminum) hydrate (C-S-H/C-A-S-H) bound to the solid particles of red mud and filled pores to provide early strength for the CPB, laminar interwoven Friedel's salt (Fs), ettringite and portlandite hydration products provided late strength for the CPB; and the leaching concentrations of five heavy metals (Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, and Cr) in the solidified CPB were greatly reduced and far below the leaching limits specified in China's Quality Standard for Groundwater (GB/T 14848-2017).
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Affiliation(s)
- Botao Li
- School of Civil Engineering, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin, 123000, Liaoning Province, China
- College of Architecture and Transportation, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin, 123000, Liaoning Province, China
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Mine Subsidence Disaster Prevention and Control, Fuxin, 123000, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Qi Sun
- School of Civil Engineering, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin, 123000, Liaoning Province, China.
- College of Architecture and Transportation, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin, 123000, Liaoning Province, China.
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Mine Subsidence Disaster Prevention and Control, Fuxin, 123000, Liaoning Province, China.
| | - Zhuoran Liu
- School of Civil Engineering, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin, 123000, Liaoning Province, China
- College of Architecture and Transportation, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin, 123000, Liaoning Province, China
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Mine Subsidence Disaster Prevention and Control, Fuxin, 123000, Liaoning Province, China
- CCTEG Coal Mining Research Institute, Beijing, 100013, China
| | - Yi Tan
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, 454003, Henan Province, China
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Zhu F, Zhang X, Guo X, Yang X, Xue S. Root architectures differentiate the composition of organic carbon in bauxite residue during natural vegetation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 883:163588. [PMID: 37105477 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Understanding plant root architectures induced changes in organic carbon accumulation and conversion is critical to predicting carbon cycling and screening appropriate plant species for ecological restoration on bauxite residue disposal areas. According to the ecological investigation of a weathered bauxite residue disposal area, three plants with different root architectures including Artemisia lavandulaefolia (A. lavandulaefolia), moss, and Zanthoxylum simulans (Z. simulans) were selected to investigate the rhizosphere effects on the composition and structure of organic carbon in bauxite residue. The physic-chemical properties, the contents and structure of different organic carbon fractions, and microbial communities of bauxite residue from rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere were analyzed. Plant growth decreased the saline-alkalinity, increased the contents of total organic carbon, particulate organic carbon and dissolved organic carbon, whilst enhancing the enzymatic activities of bauxite residue. Meanwhile, the rhizosphere effects had significant effects on the accumulation and stabilization of organic carbon in bauxite residue. A. lavandulaefolia had the strongest rhizosphere effects on the composition and structure of total organic carbon and dissolved organic carbon, whilst moss was more effective on the accumulation of particulate organic carbon in bauxite residue. Plant growth and root architecture changed the abundance of specific functional microorganisms and the complexity of microbial co-occurrence networks, thus elevating organic carbon levels in bauxite residue. During natural vegetation encroachment, rhizosphere exciting effects of the salt-tolerated plants could change the composition and structure of organic carbon fractions due to the comprehensive effectiveness of the improvement of physic-chemical properties and microbial communities. The findings improve our understanding of the responses of sequestration and stabilization of organic carbon pools to ecological restoration on bauxite residue disposal areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhu
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China; Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control and Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
| | - Xianchao Zhang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Xuyao Guo
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Xingwang Yang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Shengguo Xue
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China; Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control and Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Central South University, Changsha, PR China.
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