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Tilmont A, Coiffard B, Yoshida T, Daviet F, Baumstarck K, Brioude G, Hraiech S, Forel JM, Roch A, Brochard L, Papazian L, Guervilly C. Oesophageal pressure as a surrogate of pleural pressure in mechanically ventilated patients. ERJ Open Res 2021; 7:00646-2020. [PMID: 33718491 PMCID: PMC7938048 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00646-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oesophageal pressure (Poes) is used to approximate pleural pressure (Ppl) and therefore to estimate transpulmonary pressure (PL). We aimed to compare oesophageal and regional pleural pressures and to calculate transpulmonary pressures in a prospective physiological study on lung transplant recipients during their stay in the intensive care unit of a tertiary university hospital. Methods Lung transplant recipients receiving invasive mechanical ventilation and monitored by oesophageal manometry and dependent and nondependent pleural catheters were investigated during the post-operative period. We performed simultaneous short-time measurements and recordings of oesophageal manometry and pleural pressures. Expiratory and inspiratory PL were computed by subtracting regional Ppl or Poes from airway pressure; inspiratory PL was also calculated with the elastance ratio method. Results 16 patients were included. Among them, 14 were analysed. Oesophageal pressures correlated with dependent and nondependent pleural pressures during expiration (R2=0.71, p=0.005 and R2=0.77, p=0.001, respectively) and during inspiration (R2=0.66 for both, p=0.01 and p=0.014, respectively). PL values calculated using Poes were close to those obtained from the dependent pleural catheter but higher than those obtained from the nondependent pleural catheter both during expiration and inspiration. Conclusions In ventilated lung transplant recipients, oesophageal manometry is well correlated with pleural pressure. The absolute value of Poes is higher than Ppl of nondependent lung regions and could therefore underestimate the highest level of lung stress in those at high risk of overinflation. During controlled ventilation without respiratory muscle activity, absolute oesophageal pressure is higher than the pleural pressure of the nondependent lung regions and could therefore underestimate the highest level of lung stress in that lunghttps://bit.ly/3a95CUh
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Tilmont
- Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Hôpital Nord, AP-HM, Marseille, France.,Faculté de Médecine, Centre d'Etudes et de Recherches sur les Services de Santé et Qualité de Vie EA 3279, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Benjamin Coiffard
- Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Hôpital Nord, AP-HM, Marseille, France.,Faculté de Médecine, Centre d'Etudes et de Recherches sur les Services de Santé et Qualité de Vie EA 3279, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Takeshi Yoshida
- Dept of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.,Pleural Pressure Working Group (PLUG) - Acute Respiratory Failure Section of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Florence Daviet
- Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Hôpital Nord, AP-HM, Marseille, France.,Faculté de Médecine, Centre d'Etudes et de Recherches sur les Services de Santé et Qualité de Vie EA 3279, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Karine Baumstarck
- Faculté de Médecine, Centre d'Etudes et de Recherches sur les Services de Santé et Qualité de Vie EA 3279, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Geoffrey Brioude
- Dept of Thoracic Surgery and Oesophageal Diseases, Hôpital Nord, AP-HM, Marseille, France
| | - Sami Hraiech
- Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Hôpital Nord, AP-HM, Marseille, France.,Faculté de Médecine, Centre d'Etudes et de Recherches sur les Services de Santé et Qualité de Vie EA 3279, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Marie Forel
- Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Hôpital Nord, AP-HM, Marseille, France.,Faculté de Médecine, Centre d'Etudes et de Recherches sur les Services de Santé et Qualité de Vie EA 3279, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Antoine Roch
- Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Hôpital Nord, AP-HM, Marseille, France.,Service des Urgences, Hôpital Nord, AP-HM, Marseille, France
| | - Laurent Brochard
- Pleural Pressure Working Group (PLUG) - Acute Respiratory Failure Section of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine, Brussels, Belgium.,Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto, Keenan Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Laurent Papazian
- Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Hôpital Nord, AP-HM, Marseille, France.,Pleural Pressure Working Group (PLUG) - Acute Respiratory Failure Section of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Christophe Guervilly
- Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Hôpital Nord, AP-HM, Marseille, France.,Pleural Pressure Working Group (PLUG) - Acute Respiratory Failure Section of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine, Brussels, Belgium
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Baedorf Kassis E, Loring SH, Talmor D. Should we titrate peep based on end-expiratory transpulmonary pressure?-yes. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2018; 6:390. [PMID: 30460264 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2018.06.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Ventilator management of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) has been characterized by implementation of basic physiology principles by minimizing harmful distending pressures and preventing lung derecruitment. Such strategies have led to significant improvements in outcomes. Positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) is an important part of a lung protective strategy but there is no standardized method to set PEEP level. With widely varying types of lung injury, body habitus and pulmonary mechanics, the use of esophageal manometry has become important for personalization and optimization of mechanical ventilation in patients with ARDS. Esophageal manometry estimates pleural pressures, and can be used to differentiate the chest wall and lung (transpulmonary) contributions to the total respiratory system mechanics. Elevated pleural pressures may result in negative transpulmonary pressures at end expiration, leading to lung collapse. Measuring the esophageal pressures and adjusting PEEP to make transpulmonary pressures positive can decrease atelectasis, derecruitment of lung, and cyclical opening and closing of airways and alveoli, thus optimizing lung mechanics and oxygenation. Although there is some spatial and positional artifact, esophageal pressures in numerous animal and human studies in healthy, obese and critically ill patients appear to be a good estimate for the "effective" pleural pressure. Multiple studies have illustrated the benefit of using esophageal pressures to titrate PEEP in patients with obesity and with ARDS. Esophageal pressure monitoring provides a window into the unique physiology of a patient and helps improve clinical decision making at the bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elias Baedorf Kassis
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stephen H Loring
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel Talmor
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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