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Fang F, Zhao Z, Xiao J, Wen J, Wu J, Miao Y. Current practice in animal models for pelvic floor dysfunction. Int Urogynecol J 2023; 34:797-808. [PMID: 36287229 DOI: 10.1007/s00192-022-05387-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS The objective was to explore the current practice of using animal models for female pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD). METHODS By applying PFD and animal models as the keywords, we made a computerized search using PubMed, Ovid-Medline and Ovid-Embase from 2000 to 2022. The publications on the construction and application of animal models for PFD were included, and the results are presented in narrative text. RESULTS Studies on PFD primarily use rodents, large quadrupeds, and nonhuman primates (NHPs). NHPs are closest to humans in anatomy and biomechanics of the pelvic floor, followed by large quadrupeds and rodents. Rodents are more suitable for studying molecular mechanism, histopathology of PFD, and mesh immune rejection. Large quadrupeds are adaptable to the study of pelvic floor biomechanics and the development of new surgical instruments for PFD. NHPs are suitable for studying the occurrence and pathogenesis of pelvic organ prolapse. Among modeling methods, violent destruction of pelvic floor muscles, regulation of hormone levels, and denervation were used to simulate the occurrence of PFD. Gene knockout can be used to study both the pathogenesis of PFD and the efficacy of treatments. Other methods such as abdominal wall defect, vaginal defect, and in vitro organ bath system are more frequently used to observe wound healing after surgery and to verify the efficacy of treatments. CONCLUSIONS The rat is currently the most applicable animal type for numerous modeling methods. Vaginal dilation is the most widely used modeling method for research on the pathogenesis, pathological changes, and treatment of PFD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Fang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, West China Campus, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Zhiwei Zhao
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jingyue Xiao
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jirui Wen
- Deep Underground Space Medical Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jiang Wu
- Deep Underground Space Medical Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yali Miao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, West China Campus, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China.
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Zhang S, Yang L, Hong S, Liu J, Cheng J, He Y, Hong L. Collagen type Ⅰ-loaded methacrylamide hyaluronic acid hydrogel microneedles alleviate stress urinary incontinence in mice: A novel treatment and prevention strategy. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 222:113085. [PMID: 36525753 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.113085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Stress urinary incontinence (SUI), a chronic disease with widespread effects and an overall prevalence of up to 46% in adult women, is associated with a heavy disease burden. The clinical treatment for mild to moderate SUI is conservative, such as electrical stimulation and Kegel exercises, but the therapeutic effect is unsatisfactory, so it is imperative to seek new treatment modalities. Hydrogel microneedles (MNs) have been widely used in transdermal drug delivery because of their minimally invasive and highly biocompatible characteristics. Therefore, for the first time, we combined collagen type I with MN technology for the treatment and prevention of mild to moderate SUI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shufei Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, P. R. C
| | - Lian Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, P. R. C
| | - Shasha Hong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, P. R. C
| | - Jianfeng Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, P. R. C
| | - Jianhong Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, P. R. C
| | - Yong He
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, P. R. C
| | - Li Hong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, P. R. C.
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Li Y, Liu C, Yang L, Li L, Hong L. Puerarin protects fibroblasts against mechanical stretching injury through Nrf2/TGF-β1 signaling pathway. Int Urogynecol J 2022; 33:2565-2576. [PMID: 35962806 DOI: 10.1007/s00192-022-05325-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is the most common form of urinary incontinence in women, which affects women's quality of life worldwide. Mechanical injury of the pelvic floor may disrupt the pelvic supportive tissues and connections via the remodeling of extracellular matrix (ECM), which is supposed to be one of the main pathological mechanisms of SUI. METHODS The SUI mouse model was established using vaginal distension (VD). Leak point pressure (LPP), maximum cystometric capacity (MCC), collagen, Nrf2 and TGF-β1 in the anterior vaginal wall were measured in either wild-type or Nrf2-knockout (Nrf2-/-) female C57BL/6 mice with or without puerarin treatment. Then, the mechanical stretching (MS) loaded on L929 cells was generated by a four-point bending device. mTGF-β1 or LY2109761 (an inhibitor of TGF-β1) was used to verify the protective effect of puerarin after Nrf2 knockdown or overexpression. RESULTS The collagen content of the anterior vaginal tissues in VD mice and LPP and MCC was decreased significantly. Besides, the expression levels of Nrf2, TGF-β1, collagen I and collagen III of MS group were downregulated in L929 cells. Puerarin pretreatment could reverse mechanical injury-induced collagen downregulation and Nrf2/TGF-β1 signaling inhibition. Moreover, both LY2109761 pretreatment and Nrf2 knockdown could attenuate the protective effect of puerarin in the mechanical injury-induced ECM remodeling, whereas exogenous TGF-β1 could counteract the effect of Nrf2 downregulation. CONCLUSIONS Puerarin protected fibroblasts from mechanical injury-induced ECM remodeling through the Nrf2/TGF-β1 signaling pathway. This might be a new strategy for the treatment of SUI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Liu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Lian Yang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Li
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Hong
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China.
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Periurethral and intravenous injections of adipose-derived stem cells to promote local tissue recovery in a rat model of stress urinary incontinence. Urology 2022; 167:82-89. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2022.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Post WM, Widomska J, Grens H, Coenen MJH, Martens FMJ, Janssen DAW, IntHout J, Poelmans G, Oosterwijk E, Kluivers KB. Molecular Processes in Stress Urinary Incontinence: A Systematic Review of Human and Animal Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063401. [PMID: 35328824 PMCID: PMC8949972 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is a common and burdensome condition. Because of the large knowledge gap around the molecular processes involved in its pathophysiology, the aim of this review was to provide a systematic overview of genetic variants, gene and protein expression changes related to SUI in human and animal studies. On 5 January 2021, a systematic search was performed in Pubmed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane library. The screening process and quality assessment were performed in duplicate, using predefined inclusion criteria and different quality assessment tools for human and animal studies respectively. The extracted data were grouped in themes per outcome measure, according to their functions in cellular processes, and synthesized in a narrative review. Finally, 107 studies were included, of which 35 used animal models (rats and mice). Resulting from the most examined processes, the evidence suggests that SUI is associated with altered extracellular matrix metabolism, estrogen receptors, oxidative stress, apoptosis, inflammation, neurodegenerative processes, and muscle cell differentiation and contractility. Due to heterogeneity in the studies (e.g., in examined tissues), the precise contribution of the associated genes and proteins in relation to SUI pathophysiology remained unclear. Future research should focus on possible contributors to these alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilke M. Post
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands; (W.M.P.); (H.G.)
| | - Joanna Widomska
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands; (J.W.); (G.P.)
| | - Hilde Grens
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands; (W.M.P.); (H.G.)
| | - Marieke J. H. Coenen
- Radboud Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands;
| | - Frank M. J. Martens
- Department of Urology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands; (F.M.J.M.); (D.A.W.J.); (E.O.)
| | - Dick A. W. Janssen
- Department of Urology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands; (F.M.J.M.); (D.A.W.J.); (E.O.)
| | - Joanna IntHout
- Department of Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands;
| | - Geert Poelmans
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands; (J.W.); (G.P.)
| | - Egbert Oosterwijk
- Department of Urology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands; (F.M.J.M.); (D.A.W.J.); (E.O.)
| | - Kirsten B. Kluivers
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands; (W.M.P.); (H.G.)
- Correspondence:
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Liu C, Wang Y, Li Y, Tang J, Hong S, Hong L. Dimethyl fumarate ameliorates stress urinary incontinence by reversing ECM remodeling via the Nrf2-TGF-β1/Smad3 pathway in mice. Int Urogynecol J 2022; 33:1231-1242. [PMID: 34982187 DOI: 10.1007/s00192-021-05061-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS Mechanical trauma and oxidative injury are involved in the pathogenesis of stress urinary incontinence (SUI), and oxidative stress (OS) is considered a potential therapeutic target. The antioxidant properties of dimethyl fumarate (DMF), a potent activator of Nrf2, have been highlighted recently. We therefore predicted that DMF might have therapeutic effects on mechanical trauma-induced SUI. METHODS The SUI mice model was established by vaginal distension (VD). Leak point pressure (LPP), serum OS biomarkers, cell proliferation and apoptosis, collagen, elastin, matrix metalloproteinases (MMP), Nrf2, the TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway, and the associated tissue growth factors in the anterior vaginal wall were measured in either wild-type or Nrf2-knockout (Nrf2-/-) female C57BL/6 mice. RESULTS The results showed that DMF improved the VD-induced LPP reduction, alleviated oxidative injury, stimulated cell proliferation and inhibited apoptosis in the anterior vaginal wall tissue of mice. Moreover, DMF treatment reduced the hydrolysis of ECM proteins by MMP2 and MMP9. The above effects may be mediated by a series of tissue growth factors, including α-SMA, PAI-1, and TIMP-2, with the TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway as the core regulatory mechanism. In further study, Nrf2-/- mice were used to replicate the SUI model. And the difference is that DMF failed to reactivate the TGF-β1/Smad3 pathway, nor did it improve LPP. CONCLUSIONS Dimethyl fumarate can ameliorate urethra closure dysfunction in the VD-induced SUI mice model, and the therapeutic effect of DMF is mediated by the Nrf2-dominated antioxidant system and its downstream TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Liu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430014, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jianming Tang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, China
| | - Shasha Hong
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, China
| | - Li Hong
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, China.
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Zhang H, Wang L, Xiang Y, Wang Y, Li H. Nampt promotes fibroblast extracellular matrix degradation in stress urinary incontinence by inhibiting autophagy. Bioengineered 2021; 13:481-495. [PMID: 34967693 PMCID: PMC8805819 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2009417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is defined as involuntary urinary leakage happening in exertion. Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (Nampt) is seldom researched in the pathogenesis of SUI. Accordingly, the current study set out to elucidate the role of Nampt in SUI progression. Firstly, we determined Nampt expression patterns in SUI patients and rat models. In addition, fibroblasts were obtained from the anterior vaginal wall tissues of non-SUI patients and subjected to treatment with different concentrations of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), followed by quantification of Nampt expressions in fibroblasts. Subsequently, an appropriate concentration of IL-1β was selected to treat anterior vaginal wall fibroblasts. Nampt was further silenced in IL-1β-treated fibroblasts to assess the role of Nampt in autophagy and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation. Lastly, functional rescue assays were carried out to inhibit autophagy and evaluate the role of autophagy in the mechanism of Nampt modulating IL-1β-treated fibroblast ECM degradation. It was found that Nampt was highly-expressed in SUI patients and rat models and IL-1β-treated fibroblasts. On the other hand, Nampt silencing was found to suppress ECM degradation and promote SUI fibroblast autophagy. Additionally, inhibition of autophagy attenuated the inhibitory effects of Nampt silencing on SUI fibroblast ECM degradation. Collectively, our findings revealed that Nampt was over-expressed in SUI, whereas Nampt silencing enhanced SUI fibroblast autophagy, and thereby inhibited ECM degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- Gynecology II Ward, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Gynecology II Ward, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Yuancui Xiang
- Gynecology II Ward, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Yali Wang
- Gynecology II Ward, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Hongjuan Li
- Gynecology II Ward, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
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Zhang H, Huang J, Liu J, Li Y, Gao Y. BMMSC-sEV-derived miR-328a-3p promotes ECM remodeling of damaged urethral sphincters via the Sirt7/TGFβ signaling pathway. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:286. [PMID: 32678010 PMCID: PMC7364490 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01808-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is a common and bothersome condition. Invasive surgery will always be considered after conservative treatment fails, but the rates of postoperative complications and long-term recurrence are high. Thus, a new treatment strategy is still needed. In recent years, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSC) have shown great promise for SUI treatment. The therapeutic effects of BMMSC on SUI are achieved mainly by paracrine pathway signaling molecules, such as small extracellular vesicles (sEV). sEV are recognized as essential mediators of cell-to-cell communication. However, the therapeutic effects and detailed mechanisms of BMMSC-derived sEV in SUI remain mostly unexplored. Methods The effects of BMMSC-sEV on extracellular matrix (ECM) metabolism were assessed in vitro and in vivo. In a SUI rat model, TGF-β1 signaling was examined with or without BMMSC-sEV stimulation. sEV miRNAs were deeply sequenced, and the most likely miRNAs were evaluated as mediators of the TGF-β1 signaling pathway. Results BMMSC-sEV enhanced the synthesis of ECM components, including elastin, collagen I, and collagen III, and improved urethral function. Furthermore, BMMSC-sEV activated TGF-β1 signaling in primary fibroblast cells and in rat urethras. Several differentially expressed miRNAs were identified in the BMMSC-sEV. Bioinformatics analysis and in vitro studies showed that BMMSC-sEV miR-328a-3p can be transferred from BMMSC to fibroblasts and can regulate the Sirt7/TGF-β1 signaling pathway. Conclusion BMMSC-sEV promote ECM remodeling of damaged urethral sphincters by transferring miR-328a-3p to regulate the Sirt7/TGF-β1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanke Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Jiayu Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Jiaying Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yanhui Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Ying Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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Huang T, Zhang X, Wang H. Punicalagin inhibited proliferation, invasion and angiogenesis of osteosarcoma through suppression of NF‑κB signaling. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:2386-2394. [PMID: 32705250 PMCID: PMC7411473 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant bone tumor among children and young people and is associated with poor prognosis. Punicalagin is an antioxidant ellagitannin found in pomegranate juice with known antiproliferation and anti‑angiogenesis properties. However, the antitumor effect of punicalagin on osteosarcoma requires further investigation. In the present study, the inhibitory effect of punicalagin on proliferation and invasion was evaluated in one human osteoblast cell line (hFOB1.19) and three human osteosarcoma cell lines (U2OS, MG63 and SaOS2). The cancer cell apoptosis ratio was determined using flow cytometry. NF‑κB signaling in these cells was also evaluated using western blotting analysis. A subcutaneous tumor xenograft model was initiated to study the efficacy of punicalagin on osteosarcoma development and angiogenesis in vivo. Punicalagin treatment significantly decreased osteosarcoma cell proliferation and increased apoptosis. In addition, the invasion potential of these cells in a transwell assay was also dramatically suppressed in osteosarcoma cells. Punicalagin not only induced the degradation of IκBα but also the nuclear translocation of p65, suggesting the attenuation of NF‑κB signaling pathway following treatment. Moreover, punicalagin markedly downregulated interleukin (IL)‑6 and IL‑8 levels, which was consistent with the inhibition of NF‑κB signaling. An NF‑κB activator could reverse these effects. Using a tumor xenograft mouse model, it was demonstrated that punicalagin exposure inhibited osteosarcoma growth and angiogenesis in vivo. These observations confirmed the suppressive effect of punicalagin against osteosarcoma malignancies. The underlying molecular mechanisms may include inhibition of the NF‑κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Huang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, P.R. China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, P.R. China
| | - Haipeng Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, P.R. China
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Protective Role of Nuclear Factor Erythroid-2-Related Factor 2 against Mechanical Trauma-Induced Apoptosis in a Vaginal Distension-Induced Stress Urinary Incontinence Mouse Model. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:2039856. [PMID: 30962861 PMCID: PMC6431382 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2039856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Apoptosis and oxidative damage are involved in the pathogenesis and progression of stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Our previous results indicate that cell apoptosis and oxidative damage increase in a mouse model of mechanical injury-induced SUI and in fibroblasts treated with excessive mechanical strain. Nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a well-characterized global antioxidant gene inducer that can reduce oxidative damage and apoptosis. Therefore, we predicted that Nrf2 may have a protective role in mechanical trauma-induced SUI. To test this hypothesis, a mouse model of vaginal distension- (VD-) induced SUI was established. Leak point pressure (LPP); levels of apoptosis, apoptosis-related proteins, and peroxidation products; and the activities of antioxidative proteins in the anterior vaginal wall were measured in wild-type (Nfe2l2+/+) C57BL/6 mice and Nrf2-knockout mice (Nfe2l2−/−). The results showed that Nrf2 knockout aggravated VD-induced reduction in LPP, increase in cell apoptosis and peroxidation product levels, decrease in antioxidative protein activities, and alterations in apoptosis-related protein levels in the vaginal walls of mice. To further confirm the role of Nrf2 in mechanical trauma-induced apoptosis and SUI, VD was performed on mice overexpressing Nrf2 via in vivo transfection of LV-Nfe2l2. The results showed that Nrf2 overexpression significantly alleviated VD-induced abnormalities in the anterior vaginal wall. Taken together, our data suggested that Nrf2 is a potential protective factor in mechanical trauma-induced apoptosis in a mouse model of SUI. Antioxidative therapy may be a promising treatment for mechanical trauma-related SUI.
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Mechanism of Mechanical Trauma-Induced Extracellular Matrix Remodeling of Fibroblasts in Association with Nrf2/ARE Signaling Suppression Mediating TGF- β1/Smad3 Signaling Inhibition. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:8524353. [PMID: 29109834 PMCID: PMC5646330 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8524353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 07/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is a common hygienic problem affecting the quality of women's life worldwide. In this research, we revealed the involvement and regulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, oxidative damage, and TGF-β1 signaling in the pathological mechanisms of mechanical trauma-induced SUI. We found that excessive mechanical strain significantly increased apoptosis rate, decreased cell viability and ECM production, and broke the balance of MMPs/TIMPs compared with the nonstrain control (NC) group. The expression levels of TGFβ1, p-Smad3, Nrf2, GPx1, and CAT were downregulated, the production of ROS, 8-OHdG, 4-HNE, and MDA was increased, and the nuclear translocation of Smad2/3 was suppressed after 5333 μstrain's treatment. Both mTGF-β1 pretreatment and Nrf2 overexpression could reverse mechanical injury-induced TGFβ1/Smad3 signaling inhibition and ECM remodeling, whereas mTGF-β1 had no effect on Nrf2 expression. Nrf2 overexpression significantly alleviated mechanical injury-induced ROS accumulation and oxidative damage; in contrast, Nrf2 silencing exhibited opposite effects. Besides, vaginal distention- (VD-) induced in vivo SUI model was used to confirm the in vitro results; Nrf2 knockout aggravates mechanical trauma-induced LPP reduction, ECM remodeling, oxidative damage, and TGF-β1/Smad3 suppression in mice. Therefore, we deduce that mechanical injury-induced ECM remodeling might be associated with Nrf2/ARE signaling suppression mediating TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling inhibition. This might reflect a new molecular target for SUI researches.
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