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Strontium Ranelate Inhibits Osteoclastogenesis through NF-κB-Pathway-Dependent Autophagy. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:bioengineering10030365. [PMID: 36978756 PMCID: PMC10045081 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10030365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Strontium ranelate (SR) is a pharmaceutical agent used for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis and fragility fracture. However, little attention has been paid to the effect of SR on alveolar bone remodeling during orthodontic tooth movement and its underlying mechanism. Here, we investigated the influence of SR on orthodontic tooth movement and tooth resorption in Sprague–Dawley rats and the relationship between the nuclear factor–kappa B (NF-κB) pathway, autophagy, and osteoclastogenesis after the administration of SR in vitro and in vivo. In this study, it was found that SR reduced the expression of autophagy-related proteins at the pressure side of the first molars during orthodontic tooth movement. Similarly, the expression of these autophagy-related proteins and the size and number of autophagosomes were downregulated by SR in vitro. The results also showed that SR reduced the number of osteoclasts and suppressed orthodontic tooth movement and root resorption in rats, which could be partially restored using rapamycin, an autophagy inducer. Autophagy was attenuated after pre-osteoclasts were treated with Bay 11-7082, an NF-κB pathway inhibitor, while SR reduced the expression of the proteins central to the NF-κB pathway. Collectively, this study revealed that SR might suppress osteoclastogenesis through NF-κB-pathway-dependent autophagy, resulting in the inhibition of orthodontic tooth movement and root resorption in rats, which might offer a new insight into the treatment of malocclusion and bone metabolic diseases.
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2
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Supplemental mineral ions for bone regeneration and osteoporosis treatment. ENGINEERED REGENERATION 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.engreg.2023.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
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Xie J, Strauss VY, Collins GS, Khalid S, Delmestri A, Turkiewicz A, Englund M, Tadrous M, Reyes C, Prieto-Alhambra D. Trends of Dispensed Opioids in Catalonia, Spain, 2007-19: A Population-Based Cohort Study of Over 5 Million Individuals. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:912361. [PMID: 35754470 PMCID: PMC9213744 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.912361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To characterize the trend of opioid use (number of users, dispensations and oral morphine milligram equivalents) in Catalonia (Spain). Design, setting, and participants: This population-based cohort study included all individuals aged 18 years or older, registered in the Information System for Research in Primary Care (SIDIAP), which covers >75% of the population in Catalonia, Spain, from 1 January 2007, to 31 December 2019. Main exposure and outcomes: The exposures were all commercialized opioids and their combinations (ATC-codes): codeine, tramadol, oxycodone, tapentadol, fentanyl, morphine, and other opioids (dihydrocodeine, hydromorphone, dextropropoxyphene, buprenorphine, pethidine, pentazocine). The main outcomes were the annual figures per 1,000 individuals of 1) opioid users, 2) dispensations, and 3) oral morphine milligram equivalents (MME). Results were stratified separately by opioid types, age (5-year age groups), sex (male or female), living area (rural or urban), and socioeconomic status (from least, U1, to most deprived, U5). The overall trends were quantified using the percentage change (PC) between 2007 and 2019. Results: Among 4,656,197 and 4,798,114 residents from 2007 to 2019, the number of opioid users, dispensations and morphine milligram equivalents per 1,000 individuals increased 12% (percentage change: 95% confidence interval (CI) 11.9–12.3%), 105% (95% confidence interval 83%–126%) and 339% (95% CI 289%–390%) respectively. Tramadol represented the majority of opioid use in 2019 (61, 59, and 54% of opioid users, dispensations, and total MME, respectively). Individuals aged 80 years or over reported the sharpest increase regarding opioid users (PC: 162%), dispensations (PC: 424%), and MME (PC: 830%). Strong opioids were increasingly prescribed for non-cancer pains over the years. Conclusion: Despite the modest increase of opioid users, opioid dispensations and MME increased substantially, particularly in the older population. In addition, strong opioids were incrementally indicated for non-cancer pains over the years. These findings suggest a transition of opioid prescriptions from intermittent to chronic and weak to strong and call for more rigorous opioid stewardship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junqing Xie
- Pharmaco- and Device Epidemiology, Centre for Statistics in Medicine, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Botnar Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Victoria Y Strauss
- Pharmaco- and Device Epidemiology, Centre for Statistics in Medicine, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Botnar Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Gary S Collins
- Centre for Statistics in Medicine, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology & Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Sara Khalid
- Pharmaco- and Device Epidemiology, Centre for Statistics in Medicine, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Botnar Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Antonella Delmestri
- Pharmaco- and Device Epidemiology, Centre for Statistics in Medicine, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Botnar Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Aleksandra Turkiewicz
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Orthopaedics, Clinical Sciences, Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Martin Englund
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Orthopaedics, Clinical Sciences, Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Mina Tadrous
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Carlen Reyes
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFes), Instituto Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Fundació Institut Universitari per a La Recerca a L'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol I Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Prieto-Alhambra
- Pharmaco- and Device Epidemiology, Centre for Statistics in Medicine, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Botnar Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Geng Z, Sang S, Wang S, Meng F, Li Z, Zhu S, Cui Z, Jing Y, Wang C, Su J. Optimizing the strontium content to achieve an ideal osseointegration through balancing apatite-forming ability and osteogenic activity. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2022; 133:112647. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2022.112647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Morales DR, Macfarlane T, MacDonald TM, Hallas J, Ernst MT, Herings RMC, Smits E, Overbeek JA, Mitchell L, Morant S, Mackenzie I, Doney ASF, Robertson C, Bennie M, Wei L, Nicholson L, Morris C, Flynn RWF. Impact of EMA regulatory label changes on hydroxyzine initiation, discontinuation and switching to other medicines in Denmark, Scotland, England and the Netherlands: An interrupted time series regression analysis. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2021; 30:482-491. [PMID: 33386650 DOI: 10.1002/pds.5191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hydroxyzine is indicated for the management of anxiety, skin and sleep disorders. In 2015, the European Medicines Agency (EMA) concluded that hydroxyzine was pro-arrhythmogenic and changes to the product information were implemented in Europe. This study aimed to evaluate their impact in Denmark, Scotland, England and the Netherlands. METHOD Quarterly time series analyses measuring hydroxyzine initiation, discontinuation, and switching to other antihistamines, benzodiazepines and antidepressants in Denmark, England, Scotland and the Netherlands from 2009 to 2018. Data were analysed using interrupted time series regression. RESULTS Hydroxyzine initiation in quarter one 2010 in Denmark, Scotland, England and the Netherlands per 100 000 was: 23.5, 91.5, 35.9 and 34.4 respectively. Regulatory action was associated with a significant: immediate fall in hydroxyzine initiation per 100 000 in England (-12.05, 95%CI -18.47 to -5.63) and Scotland (-19.01, 95%CI -26.99 to -11.02); change to a negative trend in hydroxyzine initiation per 100 000/quarter in England (-1.72, 95%CI -2.69 to -0.75) and Scotland (-2.38, 95%CI -3.32 to -1.44). Regulatory action was associated with a significant: immediate rise in hydroxyzine discontinuation per 100 000 in England (3850, 95%CI 440-7240). No consistent changes were observed in the Netherlands or Denmark. Regulatory action was associated with no switching to other antihistamines, benzodiazepines or antidepressants following hydroxyzine discontinuation in any country. CONCLUSION The 2015 EMA regulatory action was associated with heterogeneous impact with reductions in hydroxyzine initiation varying by country. There was limited impact on discontinuation with no strong evidence suggesting unintended consequences of major switching to other antihistamines, benzodiazepines or antidepressants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel R Morales
- MEMO Research, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | | | | | - Jesper Hallas
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Martin Thomsen Ernst
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Ron M C Herings
- PHARMO Institute for Drug Outcomes Research, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth Smits
- PHARMO Institute for Drug Outcomes Research, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jetty A Overbeek
- PHARMO Institute for Drug Outcomes Research, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | - Chris Robertson
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Marion Bennie
- Strathclyde Onstitute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Li Wei
- School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, UK
| | - Lizzie Nicholson
- Electronic Data Research and Innovation Service, NHS National Services Scotland, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Carole Morris
- Electronic Data Research and Innovation Service, NHS National Services Scotland, Edinburgh, UK
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Li H, Xiao Z, Quarles LD, Li W. Osteoporosis: Mechanism, Molecular Target and Current Status on Drug Development. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:1489-1507. [PMID: 32223730 PMCID: PMC7665836 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666200330142432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
CDATA[Osteoporosis is a pathological loss of bone mass due to an imbalance in bone remodeling where osteoclast-mediated bone resorption exceeds osteoblast-mediated bone formation resulting in skeletal fragility and fractures. Anti-resorptive agents, such as bisphosphonates and SERMs, and anabolic drugs that stimulate bone formation, including PTH analogues and sclerostin inhibitors, are current treatments for osteoporosis. Despite their efficacy, severe side effects and loss of potency may limit the long term usage of a single drug. Sequential and combinational use of current drugs, such as switching from an anabolic to an anti-resorptive agent, may provide an alternative approach. Moreover, there are novel drugs being developed against emerging new targets such as Cathepsin K and 17β-HSD2 that may have less side effects. This review will summarize the molecular mechanisms of osteoporosis, current drugs for osteoporosis treatment, and new drug development strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanxuan Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Zhousheng Xiao
- Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38165, USA
| | - L. Darryl Quarles
- Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38165, USA
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
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Ali MS, Berencsi K, Marinier K, Deltour N, Perez-Guthann S, Pedersen L, Rijnbeek P, Lapi F, Simonetti M, Reyes C, Van der Lei J, Sturkenboom M, Prieto-Alhambra D. Comparative cardiovascular safety of strontium ranelate and bisphosphonates: a multi-database study in 5 EU countries by the EU-ADR Alliance. Osteoporos Int 2020; 31:2425-2438. [PMID: 32757044 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-020-05580-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Strontium ranelate use, compared with oral bisphosphonates, is not associated with increased risk of AMI in patients with no contraindications for SR use. However, current strontium ranelate (compared with current bisphosphonate) appears associated with 25-30% excess risk of VTE and 35% excess risk of CVDeath. INTRODUCTION Evaluate the risk of cardiac and thromboembolic events among new users of SR and oral BPs without contraindications for SR. METHODS We conducted three multi-national, multi-database (Aarhus-Denmark, HSD-Italy, IPCI-Netherlands, SIDIAP-Spain, THIN-UK) case-control studies nested within a cohort of new users of SR/BP. We matched cases of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), venous thromboembolism (VTE), and cardiovascular death (CVDeath), up to 10 controls on gender, year of birth, index date, and country. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) according to current SR vs current BP use and current vs past SR use, adjusting for potential confounders. Data were pooled using random effects meta-analysis. RESULTS No excess risk of AMI (5477 cases/54,674 controls) was found with current SR vs current BP (OR 0.89 (95%CI 0.70, 1.12)) nor with current vs past SR use (0.71(0.56, 0.91)). For VTE (5614 cases/6036 controls), an excess risk was found with current SR compared with current BP use, 1.24 (0.96, 1.61), and current vs past SR use, 1.30 (1.04, 1.62). For CVDeath (3019 cases/29,871 controls), an increased risk was seen with current SR vs current BP use, 1.35 (1.02, 1.80), but not with current vs past SR use (0.68 (0.48, 0.96)). CONCLUSION In patients without contraindications for SR, we found no evidence of an increased risk of AMI but a 25-30% excess risk of VTE and a 35% excess risk of CVDeath with current SR vs current BP users. This is despite a reduction in risk in CVDeath with current vs past SR users. The latter disparity could still be partially explained by cessation of preventative therapies in end-of-life or residual confounding by indication.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Ali
- Pharmaco- and Device Epidemiology, Centre for Statistics in Medicine, NDORMS, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel St, Bloomsbury, London, WC1E 7HT, UK.
| | - K Berencsi
- Pharmaco- and Device Epidemiology, Centre for Statistics in Medicine, NDORMS, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - K Marinier
- Department of Pharmacoepidemiology and Real World Evidence, Servier, Suresnes, France
| | - N Deltour
- Department of Pharmacoepidemiology and Real World Evidence, Servier, Suresnes, France
| | | | - L Pedersen
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - P Rijnbeek
- Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - F Lapi
- Health Search, Italian College of General Practitioners and Primary Care, Florence, Italy
| | - M Simonetti
- Health Search, Italian College of General Practitioners and Primary Care, Florence, Italy
| | - C Reyes
- GREMPAL Research Group, Idiap Jordi Gol Primary Care Research Institute and CIBERFes, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona and Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Van der Lei
- Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - M Sturkenboom
- Julius Global Health, University Medical Center, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - D Prieto-Alhambra
- Pharmaco- and Device Epidemiology, Centre for Statistics in Medicine, NDORMS, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- GREMPAL Research Group, Idiap Jordi Gol Primary Care Research Institute and CIBERFes, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona and Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
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