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Kaspiris A, Vasiliadis ES, Tsalimas G, Melissaridou D, Lianou I, Panagopoulos F, Katzouraki G, Vavourakis M, Kolovos I, Savvidou OD, Papadimitriou E, Pneumaticos SG. Unraveling the Link of Altered TGFβ Signaling with Scoliotic Vertebral Malformations in Osteogenesis Imperfecta: A Comprehensive Review. J Clin Med 2024; 13:3484. [PMID: 38930011 PMCID: PMC11204596 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13123484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI) is a genetic disorder caused by mutations in genes responsible for collagen synthesis or polypeptides involved in the formation of collagen fibers. Its predominant skeletal complication is scoliosis, impacting 25 to 80% of OI patients. Vertebral deformities of the scoliotic curves in OI include a variety of malformations such as codfish, wedged-shaped vertebrae or platyspondyly, craniocervical junction abnormalities, and lumbosacral spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis. Although the precise pathophysiology of these spinal deformities remains unclear, anomalies in bone metabolism have been implicated in the progression of scoliotic curves. Bone Mineral Density (BMD) measurements have demonstrated a significant reduction in the Z-score, indicating osteoporosis and a correlation with the advancement of scoliosis. Factors such as increased mechanical strains, joint hypermobility, lower leg length discrepancy, pelvic obliquity, spinal ligament hypermobility, or vertebrae microfractures may also contribute to the severity of scoliosis. Histological vertebral analysis has confirmed that changes in trabecular microarchitecture, associated with inadequate bone turnover, indicate generalized bone metabolic defects in OI. At the molecular level, the upregulation of Transforming Growth factor-β (TGFβ) signaling in OI can lead to disturbed bone turnover and changes in muscle mass and strength. Understanding the relationship between spinal clinical features and molecular pathways could unveil TGFβ -related molecular targets, paving the way for novel therapeutic approaches in OI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelos Kaspiris
- Third Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, “KAT” General Hospital, Nikis 2, 14561 Athens, Greece; (E.S.V.); (G.T.); (G.K.); (M.V.); (I.K.); (S.G.P.)
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Group for Orthopaedic Research, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece;
| | - Elias S. Vasiliadis
- Third Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, “KAT” General Hospital, Nikis 2, 14561 Athens, Greece; (E.S.V.); (G.T.); (G.K.); (M.V.); (I.K.); (S.G.P.)
| | - Georgios Tsalimas
- Third Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, “KAT” General Hospital, Nikis 2, 14561 Athens, Greece; (E.S.V.); (G.T.); (G.K.); (M.V.); (I.K.); (S.G.P.)
| | - Dimitra Melissaridou
- First Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, “ATTIKON” University Hospital, Rimini 1, 12462 Athens, Greece; (D.M.); (O.D.S.)
| | - Ioanna Lianou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, “Rion” University Hospital and Medical School, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece; (I.L.); (F.P.)
| | - Fotios Panagopoulos
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, “Rion” University Hospital and Medical School, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece; (I.L.); (F.P.)
| | - Galateia Katzouraki
- Third Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, “KAT” General Hospital, Nikis 2, 14561 Athens, Greece; (E.S.V.); (G.T.); (G.K.); (M.V.); (I.K.); (S.G.P.)
| | - Michail Vavourakis
- Third Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, “KAT” General Hospital, Nikis 2, 14561 Athens, Greece; (E.S.V.); (G.T.); (G.K.); (M.V.); (I.K.); (S.G.P.)
| | - Ioannis Kolovos
- Third Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, “KAT” General Hospital, Nikis 2, 14561 Athens, Greece; (E.S.V.); (G.T.); (G.K.); (M.V.); (I.K.); (S.G.P.)
| | - Olga D. Savvidou
- First Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, “ATTIKON” University Hospital, Rimini 1, 12462 Athens, Greece; (D.M.); (O.D.S.)
| | - Evangelia Papadimitriou
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Group for Orthopaedic Research, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece;
| | - Spiros G. Pneumaticos
- Third Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, “KAT” General Hospital, Nikis 2, 14561 Athens, Greece; (E.S.V.); (G.T.); (G.K.); (M.V.); (I.K.); (S.G.P.)
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Pang Y, Gu Y, Wang J. Clinical efficacy of comprehensive rehabilitation therapy for postoperative elbow joint dysfunction in upper limb fracture. Minerva Med 2024; 115:104-107. [PMID: 37382516 DOI: 10.23736/s0026-4806.23.08729-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yao Pang
- Department of Orthopedics, Hangzhou Ninth People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu Gu
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Affiliated Southwest Hospital to Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Jianfeng Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Qingyang People's Hospital, Qingyang, China -
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Sun Y, Li L, Wang J, Liu H, Wang H. Emerging Landscape of Osteogenesis Imperfecta Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Approaches. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2024; 7:72-96. [PMID: 38230285 PMCID: PMC10789133 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.3c00324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is an uncommon genetic disorder characterized by shortness of stature, hearing loss, poor bone mass, recurrent fractures, and skeletal abnormalities. Pathogenic variations have been found in over 20 distinct genes that are involved in the pathophysiology of OI, contributing to the disorder's clinical and genetic variability. Although medications, surgical procedures, and other interventions can partially alleviate certain symptoms, there is still no known cure for OI. In this Review, we provide a comprehensive overview of genetic pathogenesis, existing treatment modalities, and new developments in biotechnologies such as gene editing, stem cell reprogramming, functional differentiation, and transplantation for potential future OI therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Sun
- PET
Center, Chongqing University Three Gorges
Hospital, Chongqing 404000, China
| | - Lin Li
- PET
Center, Chongqing University Three Gorges
Hospital, Chongqing 404000, China
| | - Jiajun Wang
- Medical
School of Hubei Minzu University, Enshi 445000, China
| | - Huiting Liu
- PET
Center, Chongqing University Three Gorges
Hospital, Chongqing 404000, China
| | - Hu Wang
- Department
of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School
of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
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