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Xiang Q, Wang J, Qin P, Adil B, Xu K, Gu Y, Yu X, Zhao K, Zhang X, Ma M, Chen Q, Chen X, Yan Y. Effect of common bean seed exudates on growth, lipopolysaccharide production, and lipopolysaccharide transport gene expression of Rhizobium anhuiense. Can J Microbiol 2019; 66:186-193. [PMID: 31751146 DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2019-0413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is essential for successful nodulation during the symbiosis of rhizobia and legumes. However, the detailed mechanism of the LPS in this process has not yet been clearly elucidated. In this study, the effects of common bean seed exudates on the growth, lipopolysaccharide production, and lipopolysaccharide transport genes expression (lpt) of Rhizobium anhuiense were investigated. Rhizobium anhuiense exposed to exudates showed changes in LPS electrophoretic profiles and content, whereby the LPS band was wider and the LPS content was higher in R. anhuiense treated with seed exudates. Exudates enhanced cell growth of R. anhuiense in a concentration-dependent manner; R. anhuiense exposed to higher doses of the exudate showed faster growth. Seven lpt genes of R. anhuiense were amplified and sequenced. Sequences of six lpt genes, except for lptE, were the same as those found in previously analyzed R. anhuiense strains, while lptE shared low sequence similarity with other strains. Exposure to the exudates strongly stimulated the expression of all lpt genes. Approximately 6.7- (lptG) to 301-fold (lptE) increases in the transcriptional levels were observed after only 15 min of exposure to exudates. These results indicate that seed exudates affect the LPS by making the cell wall structure more conducive to symbiotic nodulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanju Xiang
- College of Resource, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R. China
| | - Jie Wang
- College of Resource, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R. China
| | - Peng Qin
- College of Resource, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R. China
| | - Bilal Adil
- College of Resource, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R. China
| | - Kaiwei Xu
- College of Resource, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R. China
| | - Yunfu Gu
- College of Resource, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R. China
| | - Xiumei Yu
- College of Resource, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R. China
| | - Ke Zhao
- College of Resource, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoping Zhang
- College of Resource, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R. China
| | - Menggen Ma
- College of Resource, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Chen
- College of Resource, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqiong Chen
- Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R. China
| | - Yanhong Yan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R. China
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Rajnovic I, Ramírez-Bahena MH, Sánchez-Juanes F, González-Buitrago JM, Kajic S, Peix Á, Velázquez E, Sikora S. Phylogenetic diversity of rhizobia nodulating Phaseolus vulgaris in Croatia and definition of the symbiovar phaseoli within the species Rhizobium pisi. Syst Appl Microbiol 2019; 42:126019. [PMID: 31635886 DOI: 10.1016/j.syapm.2019.126019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Phaseolus vulgaris is a legume indigenous to America which is currently cultivated in Europe including countries located at the Southeast of this continent, such as Croatia, where several local landraces are cultivated, most of them of Andean origin. In this work we identify at species and symbiovar levels several fast-growing strains able to form effective symbiosis with P. vulgaris in different Croatian soils. The identification at species level based on MALDI-TOF MS and core gene sequence analysis showed that most of these strains belong to the species R. leguminosarum, R. hidalgonense and R. pisi. In addition, several strains belong to putative new species phylogenetically close to R. ecuadorense and R. sophoriradicis. All Croatian strains belong to the symbiovar phaseoli and harbour the α and γ nodC alleles typical for American strains of this symbiovar. Nevertheless, most of Croatian strains harboured the γ nodC gene allele supporting its Andean origin since it is also dominant in other European countries, where Andean cultivars of P. vulgaris are traditionally cultivated, as occurs in Spain. The only strains harbouring the α nodC allele belong to R. hidalgonense and R. pisi, this last only containing the symbiovars viciae and trifolii to date. This is the first report about the presence in Europe of the species R. hidalgonense, the nodulation of P. vulgaris by R. pisi and the existence of the symbiovar phaseoli within this species. These results significantly increase the knowledge of the biogeography of Rhizobium-P. vulgaris symbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Rajnovic
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Fernando Sánchez-Juanes
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain; Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de Salamanca, Spain
| | - José-Manuel González-Buitrago
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain; Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de Salamanca, Spain
| | - Sanja Kajic
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Álvaro Peix
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología, IRNASA-CSIC, Salamanca, Spain; Unidad Asociada Grupo de Interacción Planta-Microorganismo (Universidad de Salamanca-IRNASA-CSIC), Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Encarna Velázquez
- Unidad Asociada Grupo de Interacción Planta-Microorganismo (Universidad de Salamanca-IRNASA-CSIC), Salamanca, Spain; Departmento de Microbiología y Genética and CIALE, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Sanja Sikora
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
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