Coralloluteibacterium stylophorae gen. nov., sp. nov., a new member of the family Lysobacteraceae isolated from the reef-building coral Stylophora sp

An Update on Novel Taxa and Revised Taxonomic Status of Bacteria (Including Members of the Phylum Planctomycetota) Isolated from Aquatic Host Species Described in 2018 to 2021

Increased interest in farmed aquatic species, aquatic conservation measures, and microbial metabolic end-product utilization have translated into a need for awareness and recognition of novel microbial species and revisions to bacterial taxonomy. Because this need has largely been unmet, through a 4-year literature review, we present lists of novel and revised bacterial species (including members of the phylum Planctomycetota) derived from aquatic hosts that can serve as a baseline for future biennial summaries of taxonomic revisions in this field. Most new and revised taxa were noted within oxidase-positive and/or nonglucose fermentative Gram-negative bacilli, including members of the Tenacibaculum, Flavobacterium, and Vibrio genera. Valid and effectively published novel members of the Streptococcus, Erysipelothrix, and Photobacterium genera are additionally described from disease pathogenesis perspectives.

Thermomonas paludicola sp. nov., isolated from a lotus wetland

A Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped and motile bacterium, designated IMCC34681^T, was isolated from a lotus wetland in the Republic of Korea. Cellular growth occurred at 10-37 °C (optimum, 30 °C), pH 6-9 (optimum, pH 7) and with 0-2 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 0.5 % NaCl). The results of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that IMCC34681^T represented a member of the genus Thermomonas, sharing 95.3-96.9 % similarities with type strains of species of the genus. The whole-genome sequence of IMCC34681^T was 2.72 Mbp in size with 66.2 % DNA G+C content. The IMCC34681^T genome shared the highest average nucleotide identity (ANI) value, 82.8 %, with that of Thermomonas brevis KACC 16975^T among species of the genus Thermomonas, indicating that the strain represents a novel genomic species. The major respiratory quinone of the strain was ubiquinone-8 (Q-8) and the predominant cellular fatty acids were iso-C_15 : 0 (25.7 %) and iso-C_14 : 0 (20.8 %). The strain harboured diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and an unidentified lipid as major fatty polar lipids. On the basis of the phylogenetic, phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and genomic characteristics, IMCC34681^T was assigned to the genus Thermomonas as the type strain of a novel species, for which the name Thermomonas paludicola sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is IMCC34681^T (=KACC 21793^T=NBRC 114635^T).

Draft Genome Sequence of Coralloluteibacterium stylophorae LMG 29479T

Here, we report a draft genome sequence of the strain Coralloluteibacterium stylophorae LMG 29479^T, acquired from the Belgian Coordinated Collections of Microorganisms. The genus Coralloluteibacterium currently includes only one species with a validly published name. These genome sequencing data are important for the phylogeny of the Lysobacteraceae family.

Amniculibacterium aquaticum gen. nov., sp. nov., a new member of the family Flavobacteriaceae isolated from a stream

Strain KYPW7^T, isolated from the Funglin Stream in Taiwan, was characterized using a polyphasic taxonomy approach. Cells of strain KYPW7^T were Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, non-spore forming, non-motile rods and formed white colonies. Growth occurred at 15-30 °C (optimum 25 °C), at pH 6-8 (optimum pH 6.5) and with 0-1% NaCl (optimum 0%). Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA and coding sequences of 92 protein clusters showed that strain KYPW7^T represents a novel genus in the family Flavobacteriaceae. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain KYPW7^T was related to the species of the genera Chryseobacterium (91.8-96.0% sequence similarity), Bergeyella (95.1-95.8%), Cloacibacterium (94.5-95.7%), Daejeonia (95.6%) and Riemerella (94.0-95.0%). Strain KYPW7^T showed less than 72% average nucleotide identity and less than 24% digital DNA-DNA hybridization identity compared to the type strains of related genera within the family Flavobacteriaceae. The predominant fatty acids were iso-C_15:0 and iso-C_17:0 3-OH. The major isoprenoid quinone was MK-6 and the DNA G + C content was 36.8 mol%. The polar lipids had phosphatidylethanolamine, three uncharacterized aminophospholipids and an uncharacterized phospholipid. The polyamines contained homospermidine, putrescine and spermidine. On the basis of the genotypic and phenotypic data, strain KYPW7^T represents a novel species of a new genus in the family Flavobacteriaceae, for which the name Amniculibacterium aquaticum gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is KYPW7^T (= BCRC 81123^T = LMG 30598^T = KCTC 62512^T).

Biodiversity and antifouling activity of fungi associated with two soft corals from the South China Sea

Bacteria in corals have been studied in detail in the past decades. However, the biodiversity and bioactivity of fungi in corals are still poorly understood. This study investigated the biodiversity and antifouling activity of fungi in soft corals Cladiella krempfi and Sarcophyton tortuosum from the South China Sea. A high diverse and abundant fungal community was found in the two soft corals. Furthermore, five isolates shared 83-95% similarity with their closest relatives, indicating that they might be novel species in genera Phaeoshaeria and Mucor. In addition, approximately 50% of the representative isolates exhibited distinct antifouling activity. In particular, isolates Fungal sp. SCAU132 and Fungal sp. SCAU133 displayed very strong antifouling activity against Bugula neritina, suggesting they can provide a potential resource for further investigation on isolation of novel antifouling metabolites. To our knowledge, this study is the first report to investigate the biodiversity and antifouling activity of fungi in C. krempfi and S. tortuosum.

Endozoicomonas coralli sp. nov., isolated from the coral Acropora sp

A novel bacterium, designated strain Acr-12^T, was isolated from the coral Acropora sp. off coast of Southern Taiwan. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain Acr-12^T belonged to the genus Endozoicomonas and had closest phylogenetic identity to Endozoicomonas acroporae Acr-14^T (98.7%) and Endozoicomonas atrinae WP70^T (97.8%). Cells of strain Acr-12^T were Gram-negative, aerobic, non-motile, poly-β-hydroxybutyrate-accumulating, rod-shaped and formed creamy white colonies. Optimal growth occurred at 30 °C, pH 7, and in the presence of 3% NaCl. Strain Acr-12^T contained summed feature 3 (C_16:1ω7c and/or C_16:1ω6c), summed feature 8 (C_18:1ω7c and/or C_18:1ω6c) and C_16:0 as the predominant fatty acids. The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and diphosphatidylglycerol. The predominant isoprenoid quinone was Q-9. The genomic DNA G + C content was 49.6 mol%. The DNA-DNA relatedness of strain Acr-12^T with respect to the closest species of the genus Endozoicomonas was less than 30%. Phenotypic characteristics of the novel strain also differed from those of the closest related species of the genus Endozoicomonas. On the basis of the genotypic, chemotaxonomic, and phenotypic data, strain Acr-12^T represents a novel species in the genus Endozoicomonas, for which the name Endozoicomonas coralli sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is Acr-12^T (= BCRC 80921^T = KCTC 42900^T).

Coralloluteibacterium thermophilus sp. nov., A Gammaproteobacterium Isolated from an Oil Reservoir

A Gram-negative, yellow-pigmented, aerobic bacterium, designated strain B51-30^T, was isolated from oil-well production liquid in Baolige oilfield, China. The strain was able to grow at pH 6-10 (optimum at pH 7.5), in 0-6% (w/v) NaCl (optimum at 1%, w/v) at 15-55 °C (optimum at 45 °C). Cells of the isolate were non-motile and non-spore-forming rods. The major cellular fatty acids were iso-C_15:0, iso-C_11:0, iso-C_11:0 3OH, iso-C_17:1 ω9c, and iso-C_17:0. Ubiquinone 8 was the predominant respiratory quinone. The major polar lipids consisted of phosphatidylethanolamine and diphosphatidylglycerol. The genomic DNA G+C content of the isolate was 70.6 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain B51-30^T was most closely related to Coralloluteibacterium stylophorae KCTC 52167^T (98.7% similarity). The two strains showed DNA-DNA relatedness values of 58.5%. Genotypic and phenotypic features indicate that strain B51-30^T represents a novel species of the genus Coralloluteibacterium, for which the name Coralloluteibacterium thermophilus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is B51-30^T (= CGMCC 1.13574^T = KCTC 62780^T).