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Ubi DS, Ekpenyong MG, Ikharia EJ, Akwagiobe EA, Asitok AD, Antai SP. Production, characterization, and bio-ethanologenic potential of a novel tripartite raw starch-digesting amylase from Priestia flexa UCCM 00132. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2024; 54:597-611. [PMID: 37787010 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2023.2259452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
The biological conversion of agro-waste biomass into value-added metabolites is one of the trendy biotechnological research areas in recent times. One of the major drawbacks of the bioprocess is the saccharification potential of the amylolytic enzyme that releases reducing sugar from complex biomass to serve as substrate for fermentation. The present study reports the production of a novel tripartite raw starch-digesting amylase (RSDA) by an indigenous Priestia flexa strain with α-, β-, and gluco-amylolytic activities and its potential for bioethanol production. Response surface statistics was employed to develop a suitable medium for improved production of the tripartite enzyme by submerged fermentation. The bioprocess selected raw starch (4.36%) Ca2+(2.71 g/L) and Zn2+ (0.0177 g/L) as significant variables which demonstrated a total RSDA activity of 7208.23 U/mL in a 5-L batch bioreactor. SDS/Native-PAGE determined the molecular weights of the 27-fold purified product as 25.2 kDa, 57.3 kDa, and 90.1 kDa for α-, β-, and gluco-amylases, respectively. Optimum temperature and pH for enzyme activity were respectively broad at 30-70 °C and 4-11. The enzyme mixture demonstrated digestibility above 90% against a variety of raw starches and simultaneous fermentation of digestate with Saccharomyces cerevisiae generated 71.69 g/L of bioethanol within 24 h suggesting great potential for bioethanologenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Sam Ubi
- Food and Industrial Microbiology Unit, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Maurice George Ekpenyong
- Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology Unit, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
- University of Calabar Collection of Microorganisms (UCCM), University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Eloghosa Joyce Ikharia
- Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology Unit, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Ernest Ablewho Akwagiobe
- Food and Industrial Microbiology Unit, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Atim David Asitok
- Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology Unit, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
- University of Calabar Collection of Microorganisms (UCCM), University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Sylvester Peter Antai
- Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology Unit, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
- University of Calabar Collection of Microorganisms (UCCM), University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
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Asitok A, Ekpenyong M, Amenaghawon A, Akwagiobe E, Asuquo M, Rao A, Ubi D, Iheanacho J, Etiosa J, Antai A, Essien J, Antai S. Production, characterization and techno-economic evaluation of Aspergillus fusant L-asparaginase. AMB Express 2023; 13:2. [PMID: 36609612 PMCID: PMC9823191 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-022-01505-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Protoplast fusion is one of the most reliable methods of introducing desirable traits into industrially-promising fungal strains. It harnesses the entire genomic repertoire of fusing microorganisms by routing the natural barrier and genetic incompatibility between them. In the present study, the axenic culture of a thermo-halotolerant strain of Aspergillus candidus (Asp-C) produced an anti-leukemic L-asparaginase (L-ASNase) while a xylan-degrading strain of Aspergillus sydowii (Asp-S) produced the acrylamide-reduction type. Protoplast fusion of the wild strains generated Fusant-06 with improved anti-leukemic and acrylamide reduction potentials. Submerged fed-batch fermentation was preferred to batch and continuous modes on the basis of impressive techno-economics. Fusant-06 L-ASNase was purified by PEG/Na+ citrate aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) to 146.21-fold and global sensitivity analysis report revealed polymer molecular weight and citrate concentration as major determinants of yield and purification factor, respectively. The enzyme was characterized by molecular weight, amino acid profile, activity and stability to chemical agents. Michaelis-Menten kinetics, evaluated under optimum conditions gave Km, Vmax, Kcat, and Kcat/Km as 6.67 × 10-5 M, 1666.67 µmolmin-1 mg-1 protein, 3.88 × 104 min-1 and 5.81 × 108 M-1.min-1 respectively. In-vitro cytotoxicity of HL-60 cell lines by Fusant-06 L-ASNase improved significantly from their respective wild strains. Stability of Fusant-06 L-ASNase over a wide range of pH, temperature and NaCl concentration, coupled with its micromolar Km value, confers commercial and therapeutic value on the product. Free-radical scavenging and acrylamide reduction activities were intermediate and the conferred thermo-halo-stability could be exploited for sustainable clinical and food industry applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atim Asitok
- grid.413097.80000 0001 0291 6387Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology Unit, Department of Microbiology, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria ,grid.413097.80000 0001 0291 6387University of Calabar Collection of Microorganisms (UCCM), Department of Microbiology, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Maurice Ekpenyong
- grid.413097.80000 0001 0291 6387Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology Unit, Department of Microbiology, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria ,grid.413097.80000 0001 0291 6387University of Calabar Collection of Microorganisms (UCCM), Department of Microbiology, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Andrew Amenaghawon
- grid.413068.80000 0001 2218 219XDepartment of Chemical Engineering, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria
| | - Ernest Akwagiobe
- grid.413097.80000 0001 0291 6387Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology Unit, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Marcus Asuquo
- grid.413097.80000 0001 0291 6387Department of Hematology, University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Anitha Rao
- grid.413097.80000 0001 0291 6387Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology Unit, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - David Ubi
- grid.413097.80000 0001 0291 6387Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology Unit, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Juliet Iheanacho
- grid.413097.80000 0001 0291 6387Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology Unit, Department of Microbiology, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Joyce Etiosa
- grid.413097.80000 0001 0291 6387Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology Unit, Department of Microbiology, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Agnes Antai
- grid.413097.80000 0001 0291 6387Department of Economics, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Joseph Essien
- grid.412960.80000 0000 9156 2260Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria
| | - Sylvester Antai
- grid.413097.80000 0001 0291 6387Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology Unit, Department of Microbiology, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria ,grid.413097.80000 0001 0291 6387University of Calabar Collection of Microorganisms (UCCM), Department of Microbiology, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
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Asitok A, Ekpenyong M, Ben U, Antigha R, Ogarekpe N, Rao A, Akpan A, Benson N, Essien J, Antai S. Stochastic modeling and meta-heuristic multivariate optimization of bioprocess conditions for co-valorization of feather and waste frying oil toward prodigiosin production. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2022:1-14. [PMID: 36269079 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2022.2134891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Serratia marcescens strain UCCM 00009 produced a mixture of gelatinase and keratinase to facilitate feather degradation but concomitant production of prodigiosin could make waste feather valorization biotechnologically more attractive. This article describes prodigiosin fermentation through co-valorization of waste feather and waste frying peanut oil by S. marcescens UCCM 00009 for anticancer, antioxidant, and esthetic applications. The stochastic conditions for waste feather degradation (WFD), modeled by multi-objective particle swarm-embedded-neural network optimization (ANN-PSO), revealed a gelatinase/keratinase ratio of 1.71 for optimal prodigiosin production and WFD. Luedeking-Piret kinetics revealed a non-exclusive, non-growth-associated prodigiosin yield of 9.66 g/L from the degradation of 88.55% waste feather within 96 h. The polyethylene glycol (PEG) 6000/Na+ citrate aqueous two-phase system-purified serratiopeptidase demonstrated gelatinolytic and keratinolytic activities that were stable for 240 h at 55 °C and pH 9.0. In vitro evaluations revealed that the prodigiosin inhibited methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus at IC50 of 4.95 µg/mL, the plant-pathogen, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, at IC50 of 2.58 µg/mL, breast carcinoma at IC50 of 0.60 µg/mL and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl hydrate (DPPH) free-radical at IC50 of 96.63 µg/mL). The pigment also demonstrated commendable textile dyeing potential of fiber and cotton fabrics. The technology promises cost-effective prodigiosin development through sustainable waste feather-waste frying oil co-management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atim Asitok
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria.,University of Calabar Collection of Microorganisms (UCCM), University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Maurice Ekpenyong
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria.,University of Calabar Collection of Microorganisms (UCCM), University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Ubong Ben
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Physical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Richard Antigha
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Physical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Nkpa Ogarekpe
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Physical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Anitha Rao
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria.,University of Calabar Collection of Microorganisms (UCCM), University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Anthony Akpan
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Cross River University of Technology, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Nsikak Benson
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Technology, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria
| | - Joseph Essien
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria
| | - Sylvester Antai
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria.,University of Calabar Collection of Microorganisms (UCCM), University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
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