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A machine-learning approach for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis susceptibility estimation. Indian J Gastroenterol 2022; 41:475-482. [PMID: 36367682 DOI: 10.1007/s12664-022-01263-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), a severe form of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, can lead to advanced liver damage and has become an increasingly prominent health problem worldwide. Predictive models for early identification of high-risk individuals could help identify preventive and interventional measures. Traditional epidemiological models with limited predictive power are based on statistical analysis. In the current study, a novel machine-learning approach was developed for individual NASH susceptibility prediction using candidate single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). METHODS A total of 245 NASH patients and 120 healthy individuals were included in the study. Single nucleotide polymorphism genotypes of candidate genes including two SNPs in the cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily E member 1 (CYP2E1) gene (rs6413432, rs3813867), two SNPs in the glucokinase regulator (GCKR) gene (rs780094, rs1260326), rs738409 SNP in patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing 3 (PNPLA3), and gender parameters were used to develop models for identifying at-risk individuals. To predict the individual's susceptibility to NASH, nine different machine-learning models were constructed. These models involved two different feature selections including Chi-square, and support vector machine recursive feature elimination (SVM-RFE) and three classification algorithms including k-nearest neighbor (KNN), multi-layer perceptron (MLP), and random forest (RF). All nine machine-learning models were trained using 80% of both the NASH patients and the healthy controls data. The nine machine-learning models were then tested on 20% of both groups. The model's performance was compared for model accuracy, precision, sensitivity, and F measure. RESULTS Among all nine machine-learning models, the KNN classifier with all features as input showed the highest performance with 86% F measure and 79% accuracy. CONCLUSIONS Machine learning based on genomic variety may be applicable for estimating an individual's susceptibility for developing NASH among high-risk groups with a high degree of accuracy, precision, and sensitivity.
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Binmahfouz LS, Bagher AM. Genetic polymorphism of the drug-metabolizing enzyme Cytochrome P4502E1 (CYP2E1) in a healthy Saudi population. Saudi Pharm J 2021; 29:1355-1360. [PMID: 34819796 PMCID: PMC8596149 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2021.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) is one of the major enzymes involved in the metabolism and detoxification of various drugs and xenobiotics. Polymorphisms in the CYP2E1 gene exhibit high inter-individual variations associated with alterations in CYP2E1 gene expression and enzyme function. This study aimed to determine the genotype distributions and allele frequencies of CYP2E1*1B, *5B, and *6 polymorphisms among Saudis in western Saudi Arabia. Methods In total, 140 healthy Saudis attending King Abdulaziz University Hospital between February and April 2021 were included in the study. CYP2E1 gene polymorphisms were determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Results The genotype frequencies of CYP2E1*1B A2A2, A2A1, and A1A1 were 54.29%, 40%, and 8%, respectively. The frequencies of CYP2E1*5B c1c1 and c1c2 genotypes were approximately 99.93% and 0.07%, respectively. The frequencies of the CYP2E1*6 DD, DC, and CC genotypes were 91.43%, 7.85%, and 0.72%, respectively. The genotype distributions for these polymorphisms were consistent with the expected distribution based on Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The allele frequencies were 74.29% A2 and 25.71% A1 for CYP2E1*1B, 99.64% c1 and 0.36% c2 for CYP2E1*5B, and 95.36% D and 4.65% C for CYP2E1*6. Conclusion The genotype distribution of CYP2E1*1B polymorphism was higher in the western Saudi population, whereas the CYP2E1*5B and *6 polymorphisms were lower than the global average. Knowledge of the prevalence of CYP2E1 polymorphisms among our population will provide a better understanding of whether individual patients might benefit from their medication or whether they might develop adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenah S Binmahfouz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amina M Bagher
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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3
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Sridharan K, Al Jufairi M, Al Ansari E, Jasim A, Eltayeb Diab D, Al Marzooq R, Al Madhoob A. Evaluation of urinary acetaminophen metabolites and its association with the genetic polymorphisms of the metabolising enzymes, and serum acetaminophen concentrations in preterm neonates with patent ductus arteriosus. Xenobiotica 2021; 51:1335-1342. [PMID: 34529545 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2021.1982070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Acetaminophen is gaining importance as a first-line drug for treating patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in neonates. Predominant metabolites of acetaminophen in preterm neonates vary from that of adults; and the drug is predominantly metabolised by conjugation and partly by Cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes.We carried out the present study to identify the principal urine metabolites of acetaminophen (glucuronide/sulphate) in preterm neonates with hemodynamically significant PDA receiving intravenous acetaminophen, and to evaluate the prevalence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the key CYP enzymes (CYP1A2*3, CYP1A2*4, CYP1A2*1C, CYP1A2*1K, CYP1A2*6, CYP2D6*10, CYP2E1*2, CYP2E1*5B, CYP3A4*1B, CYP3A4*2, CYP3A4*3, CYP3A5*3, CYP3A5*7, and CYP3A5*11) and their effect on urinary metabolites and serum acetaminophen concentrations.Nineteen (32.8%) neonates had heterozygous CYP1A2*1C, two (3.3%) with heterozygous CYP1A2*1K, 15 (27.8%) and two (3.7%) had heterozygous and homozygous CYP2D6*10, two (3.7%) had heterozygous CYP2E1*5B, seven (12.3%) and three (5.3%) had heterozygous and homozygous CYP3A4*1B, and three (5.5%) had CYP3A5*7 amongst the study population. Acetaminophen sulphate predominated over glucuronide metabolite at all time points. Postnatal days of life was significantly associated with an increase in the urine acetaminophen metabolites with decreased serum acetaminophen concentrations.A significant prevalence of SNPs in the key CYP enzymes related to acetaminophen metabolism was observed in our neonatal population. Population pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modelling incorporating genetic and metabolite data is urgently needed for implementation of precision medicine in this vulnerable population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Anfal Jasim
- Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain
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4
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Barliana MI, Kusuma ASW, Insani WN, Alfian SD, Diantini A, Mutakin M, Rostinawati T, Herlambang H, Puspitasari IM, Suwantika AA, Abdulah R. Genetic variation of ABCB1 (rs1128503, rs1045642) and CYP2E1 rs3813867 with the duration of tuberculosis therapy: a pilot study among tuberculosis patients in Indonesia. BMC Res Notes 2021; 14:295. [PMID: 34332626 PMCID: PMC8325820 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-021-05711-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The risk of contracting tuberculosis (TB) and the efficacy of TB therapy are affected by several factors, including genetic variation among populations. In the Indonesian population, data on the genes involved in drug transport and metabolism of TB therapy are limited. The aim of this study was to identify the genetic profile of the ABCB1 gene (rs1128503 and rs1045642) and CYP2E1 gene (rs3813867) in Indonesians with TB. This study was a cross-sectional study of 50 TB outpatients in Jambi city, Indonesia. Sociodemographic characteristics were obtained from medical records. Whole blood was collected, and genomic DNA was isolated. Single nucleotide polymorphisms were determined using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism with HaeIII, MboI, and PstI for rs1128503, rs1045642 (ABCB1), and rs3813867 (CYP2E1), respectively. Result The frequency of alleles of each gene was analyzed by Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium. The genetic profiles of ABCB1 rs1128503 and rs1045642 were varied (CC, CT, TT), while CYP2E1 rs3813867 was present in CC (wild type). The genetic variations of ABCB1 and CYP2E1 may have no significant correlation with the duration of TB therapy. Nevertheless, this study may provide as preliminary results for the genetic profiles of ABCB1 (rs1128503, rs1045642) and CYP2E1 (rs3813867) in the Indonesia population. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13104-021-05711-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melisa Intan Barliana
- Department of Biological Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung Sumedang KM 21, Jatinangor, Bandung, 45363, Indonesia. .,Center of Excellence in Higher Education for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Bandung, Indonesia.
| | - Arif Satria Wira Kusuma
- Department of Biological Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung Sumedang KM 21, Jatinangor, Bandung, 45363, Indonesia.,Center of Excellence in Higher Education for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Widya Norma Insani
- Center of Excellence in Higher Education for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Bandung, Indonesia.,Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Sofa Dewi Alfian
- Center of Excellence in Higher Education for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Bandung, Indonesia.,Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Ajeng Diantini
- Center of Excellence in Higher Education for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Bandung, Indonesia.,Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Mutakin Mutakin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Tina Rostinawati
- Department of Biological Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung Sumedang KM 21, Jatinangor, Bandung, 45363, Indonesia
| | | | - Irma Melyani Puspitasari
- Center of Excellence in Higher Education for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Bandung, Indonesia.,Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Auliya Abdurrohim Suwantika
- Center of Excellence in Higher Education for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Bandung, Indonesia.,Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Rizky Abdulah
- Center of Excellence in Higher Education for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Bandung, Indonesia.,Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
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Wang T, Du H, Ma J, Shen L, Wei M, Zhao X, Chen L, Li M, Li G, Xing Q, He L, Qin S. Functional characterization of the chlorzoxazone 6-hydroxylation activity of human cytochrome P450 2E1 allelic variants in Han Chinese. PeerJ 2020; 8:e9628. [PMID: 32821545 PMCID: PMC7397980 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Cytochrome P450 (P450) 2E1 is one of the primary enzymes responsible for the metabolism of xenobiotics, such as drugs and environmental carcinogens. The genetic polymorphisms of the CYP2E1 gene in promoter and coding regions have been identified previously in the Han Chinese population from four different geographic areas of Mainland China. METHODS To investigate whether genetic variants identified in the CYP2E1 coding region affect enzyme function, the enzymes of four single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) variants in the coding region (novel c.1009C>T, causing p.Arg337X, where X represents the translational stop codon; c.227G>A, causing p.Arg76His; c.517G>A, yielding p.Gly173Ser; and c.1263C>T, presenting the highest allele frequency), two novel alleles (c.[227G>A;1263C>T] and c.[517G>A;1263C>T]), and the wild-type CYP2E1 were heterologously expressed in COS-7 cells and functionally characterized in terms of expression level and chlorzoxazone 6-hydroxylation activity. The impact of the CYP2E1 variant sequence on enzyme activity was predicted with three programs: Polyphen 2, PROVEAN and SIFT. RESULTS The prematurely terminated p.Arg337X variant enzyme was undetectable by western blotting and inactive toward chlorzoxazone 6-hydroxylation. The c.1263C>T and c.[517G>A;1263C>T] variant enzymes exhibited properties similar to those of the wild-type CYP2E1. The CYP2E1 variants c.227G>A and c.[227G>A;1263C>T] displayed significantly reduced enzyme activity relative to that of the wild-type enzyme (decreased by 42.8% and 32.8%, respectively; P < 0.01). The chlorzoxazone 6-hydroxylation activity of the c.517G>A transfectant was increased by 31% compared with the wild-type CYP2E1 enzyme (P < 0.01). Positive correlations were observed between the protein content and enzyme activity for CYP2E1 (P = 0.0005, r 2 = 0.8833). The characterization of enzyme function allelic variants in vitro was consistent with the potentially deleterious effect of the amino acid changes as determined by prediction tools. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that the genetic polymorphisms of CYP2E1, i.e., c.1009C>T (p.Arg337X), c.227G>A (p.Arg76His), and c.517G>A (p.Gly173Ser), could influence the metabolism of CYP2E1 substrates, such as chlorzoxazone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wang
- Bio-X Institutes, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huihui Du
- Bio-X Institutes, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingsong Ma
- Bio-X Institutes, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Shen
- Bio-X Institutes, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Muyun Wei
- Bio-X Institutes, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianglong Zhao
- Bio-X Institutes, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Luan Chen
- Bio-X Institutes, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mo Li
- Bio-X Institutes, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guorong Li
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Shandong, China
| | - Qinghe Xing
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin He
- Bio-X Institutes, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
- Baoan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Jinan University, Guangdong, China
| | - Shengying Qin
- Bio-X Institutes, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center, Jining Medical University, Shandong, China
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6
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Varona-Uribe M, Ibáñez-Pinilla M, Briceno-Ayala L, Herrera D, Chuaire-Noack L, Martínez-Agüero M, Sánchez Corredor MC, Palma-Parra R, Narvaez D, Groot de Restrepo H. Biomarkers of susceptibility and effect in car painters exposed to organic solvents. Colomb Med (Cali) 2020; 51:e3646. [PMID: 32952228 PMCID: PMC7467118 DOI: 10.25100/cm.v51i1.3646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Car painters are routinely exposed to organic solvents classified as carcinogenic and mutagenic substances. Objective To characterize the population susceptibility and evaluate the genotoxic effects of exposure to organic solvents. Methods A cross-sectional study comparing a group of car painters exposed to organic solvents with a non-exposed group. CYP2E1 polymorphisms and the presence of micronuclei in lymphocytes were determined. Results One hundred twenty-two workers participated in the study: 62 who worked in car paint shops and were exposed to solvents, and 60 who were not exposed. There were statistically significant differences between the two groups regarding micronucleated cells and nucleoplasmic bridges frequencies (p= 0.042 and p= 0.046, respectively; exact likelihood ratio). Significant differences were found at the interaction between the CYP2E1 genotype c1c1 and occupational exposure to solvents, with higher frequencies of micronuclei (p= 0.013) and micronucleated cells (p= 0.015). However, when the frequencies of micronuclei, micronucleated cells and nucleoplasmic bridges in the exposure group were compared between the c1c1 and c2c2/c1c2 allele groups of the CYP2E1 polymorphism, statistically significant differences were found. Conclusions This study confirms that when workers with CYP2E1 polymorphisms, specifically the c1c1 genotype, are exposed to organic solvents, they are more likely to have somatic cell mutations, a condition associated with increased susceptibility to diseases such as cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Varona-Uribe
- Universidad del Rosario, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | | | - Diego Herrera
- Universidad del Rosario, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Lilian Chuaire-Noack
- Universidad del Valle, Facultad de Salud, Escuela de Ciencias Básicas, Cali, Colombia
| | - María Martínez-Agüero
- Universidad del Rosario, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | | | - Diana Narvaez
- Universidad de los Andes, Laboratorio de Genética Humana, Bogotá, Colombia
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Chen J, Jiang S, Wang J, Renukuntla J, Sirimulla S, Chen J. A comprehensive review of cytochrome P450 2E1 for xenobiotic metabolism. Drug Metab Rev 2019; 51:178-195. [PMID: 31203697 DOI: 10.1080/03602532.2019.1632889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) plays a vital role in drug-induced hepatotoxicity and cancers (e.g. lung and bladder cancer), since it is responsible for metabolizing a number of medications and environmental toxins to reactive intermediate metabolites. CYP2E1 was recently found to be the highest expressed CYP enzyme in human livers using a proteomics approach, and CYP2E1-related toxicity is strongly associated with its protein level that shows significant inter-individual variability related to ethnicity, age, and sex. Furthermore, the expression of CYP2E1 demonstrates regulation by extensive genetic polymorphism, endogenous hormones, cytokines, xenobiotics, and varying pathological states. Over the past decade, the knowledge of pharmacology, toxicology, and biology about CYP2E1 has grown remarkably, but the research progress has yet to be summarized. This study presents a timely systematic review on CYP2E1's xenobiotic metabolism, genetic polymorphism, and inhibitors, with the focus on their clinical relevance for the efficacy and toxicity of various CYP2E1 substrates. Moreover, several knowledge gaps have been identified towards fully understanding the potential interactions among different CYP2E1 substrates in clinical settings. Through in-depth analyses of these knowns and unknowns, we expect this review will aid in future drug development and improve management of CYP2E1 related clinical toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxuan Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Sibo Jiang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Florida , Orlando , FL , USA
| | - Jin Wang
- AbbVie Inc , North Chicago , IL , USA
| | - Jwala Renukuntla
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at El Paso , El Paso , TX , USA
| | - Suman Sirimulla
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at El Paso , El Paso , TX , USA
| | - Jianjun Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China
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8
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Cytochrome P450 Genes (CYP2E1 and CYP1A1) Variants and Susceptibility to Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection. Indian J Clin Biochem 2017; 33:467-472. [PMID: 30319195 DOI: 10.1007/s12291-017-0698-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a worldwide health concern which is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Both viral and host factors have a significant effect on infection, replication and pathogenesis of HBV. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of CYP2E1 and CYP1A1 genetic variants on susceptibility to HBV. 143 individuals including 54 chronic HBV patients and 89 healthy controls were enrolled in the genotyping procedure. rs2031920 and rs3813867 at CYP2E1 as well as rs4646421 and rs2198843 at CYP1A1 loci were studied in all subjects using PCR-RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism) analysis. Both variants at CYP2E1 locus were monomorphic in all studied subjects. Genotype frequency of rs4646421 was significantly different between chronic HBV patients and healthy blood donors (P = 0.04, OR 4.31; 95% CI 1.04-17.7). Furthermore, individuals carrying at least one C allele (CC or CT genotypes) for rs4646421 seemed to have a decrease risk of hepatitis in comparison with TT genotype (P = 0.039). Our results showed a relationship between rs4646421 TT genotype (rare genotype) and the risk for developing chronic HBV infection (four times higher). Further studies are needed to examine the role of CYP1A1 polymorphism in susceptibility to chronic HBV infection.
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Fernandes GMM, Russo A, Proença MA, Gazola NF, Rodrigues GH, Biselli-Chicote PM, Silva AE, Netinho JG, Pavarino &EC, Goloni-Bertollo EM. CYP1A1, CYP2E1 and EPHX1 polymorphisms in sporadic colorectal neoplasms. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22:9974-9983. [PMID: 28018104 PMCID: PMC5143764 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i45.9974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Revised: 10/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the contribution of polymorphisms in the CYP1A1, CYP2E1 and EPHX1 genes on sporadic colorectal cancer (SCRC) risk.
METHODS Six hundred forty-one individuals (227 patients with SCRC and 400 controls) were enrolled in the study. The variables analyzed were age, gender, tobacco and alcohol consumption, and clinical and histopathological tumor parameters. The CYP1A1*2A, CYP1A1*2C CYP2E1*5B and CYP2E1*6 polymorphisms were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). The EPHX1 Tyr113His, EPHX1 His139Arg and CYP1A1*2C polymorphisms were detected by real-time PCR. Chi-squared test and binary logistic regression were used in the statistical analysis. Haplotype analysis was conducted using the Haploview program, version 2.05.
RESULTS Age over 62 years was a risk factor for SCRC development (OR = 7.54, 95%CI: 4.94-11.50, P < 0.01). Male individuals were less susceptible to SCRC (OR = 0.55, 95%CI: 0.35-0.85, P < 0.01). The CYP2E1*5B polymorphism was associated with SCRC in the codominant (heterozygous genotype: OR = 2.66, 95%CI: 1.64-4.32, P < 0.01), dominant (OR = 2.82, 95%CI: 1.74-4.55, P < 0.01), overdominant (OR = 2.58, 95%CI: 1.59-4.19, P < 0.01), and log-additive models (OR = 2.84, 95%CI: 1.78-4.52, P < 0.01). The CYP2E1*6 polymorphism was associated with an increased SCRC risk in codominant (heterozygous genotype: OR = 2.81, 95%CI: 1.84-4.28, P < 0.01; homozygous polymorphic: OR = 7.32, 95%CI: 1.85-28.96, P < 0.01), dominant (OR = 2.97, 95%CI: 1.97-4.50, P < 0.01), recessive (OR = 5.26, 95%CI: 1.35-20.50, P = 0.016), overdominant (OR = 2.64, 95%CI: 1.74-4.01, P < 0.01), and log-additive models (OR = 2.78, 95%CI: 1.91-4.06, P < 0.01). The haplotype formed by the minor alleles of the CYP2E1*5B (C) and CYP2E1*6 (A) polymorphisms was associated with SCRC (P = 0.002). However, the CYP1A1*2A, CYP1A1*2C, EPHX1 Tyr113His and EPHX1 His139Arg polymorphisms were not associated with SCRC.
CONCLUSION In conclusion, the results demonstrated that CYP2E1*5B and CYP2E1*6 minor alleles play a role in the development of SCRC.
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Arici M, Özhan G. The genetic profiles of CYP1A1, CYP1A2 and CYP2E1 enzymes as susceptibility factor in xenobiotic toxicity in Turkish population. Saudi Pharm J 2016; 25:294-297. [PMID: 28344482 PMCID: PMC5355561 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2016.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Evaluation and sequencing of heritable alterations in the human genome and the large-scale identification of gene polymorphism for understanding the genetic background of individuals in response to potential toxicants are provided by toxicogenetics. Cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes play role not only phase I-dependent metabolism of xenobiotics but also metabolism of endogenous compounds. CYP1A1, CYP1A2 and CYP2E1 enzymes, which are in phase I enzymes, are responsible for metabolic activation and detoxification of several chemical compounds. In the present study, it was determined the genotype and allele frequency of CYP1A1∗2A, CYP1A2∗1C, CYP1A2∗1F, CYP2E1 and CYP2E1∗6, very common and functional single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), in Turkish healthy volunteers. It is believed that the determination of polymorphisms in the enzymes may be beneficial to prevent and reduce and adverse effects and death in response to drugs. The allele frequencies of these genes were 24%, 9%, 33%, 42%, and 12%, respectively. In the present study, the genotype profile of Turkish population was determined about critical enzymes for xenobiotic metabolism. It is suggested that the obtained results might be beneficial in order to dose adjustment of drugs and prevention of adverse reactions, and further investigation about mentioned enzymes and their polymorphisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merve Arici
- Istanbul University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Beyazıt 34116, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gül Özhan
- Istanbul University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Beyazıt 34116, Istanbul, Turkey
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11
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Wang YD, Yang HY, Liu J, Wang HY. Updated meta-analysis of the association between CYP2E1 RsaI/PstI polymorphisms and lung cancer risk in Chinese population. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 15:5411-6. [PMID: 25040958 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.13.5411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A number of studies have reported relationships of CYP2E1 RsaI/PstI polymorphisms with susceptibility to lung cancer in Chinese population. However, the epidemiologic results have been conflictive rather than conclusive. The purpose of this study was to address the associations of CYP2E1 RsaI/PstI polymorphisms with lung cancer risk in Chinese population comprehensively. MATERIALS AND METHODS Systematic searches were conducted in the PubMed, Science Direct, Elsevier, CNKI and Chinese Biomedical Literature Databases. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to estimate the strength of association. RESULTS Overall, we observed a decreased lung cancer risk among subjects carrying CYP2E1 RsaI/PstI c1/ c2 and c1/c2+c2/c2 genotypes (OR=0.76, 95%CI: 0.64-0.90 and OR=0.78, 95%CI: 0.66-0.93, respectively), as compared with subjects carrying the c1/c1 genotype. In subgroup analysis, we observed a decreased lung cancer risk among c1/c2 carriers in hospital-based studies (OR=0.81, 95%CI: 0.68-0.98) and among carriers with c1/ c2 and c1/c2+c2/c2 genotypes in population-based studies(OR=0.57, 95%CI: 0.42-0.79 and OR=0.58, 95%CI: 0.43-0.79, respectively), as compared with subjects carrying the c1/c1 genotype. Limiting the analysis to studies with controls in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE), we similarly observed a decreased lung cancer risk among c1/c2 and c1/c2+c2/c2 carriers (OR=0.73, 95%CI: 0.60-0.88 and OR=0.73, 95%CI: 0.60-0.88, respectively), as compared with c1/c1. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggested that CYP2E1 RsaI/PstI c1/c2 and c1/c2+c2/c2 variants might be a protective factor for developing lung cancer in Chinese population. Further well-designed studies with larger sample size are required to verify our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Dong Wang
- Department of Toxicology, Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou, China E-mail :
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12
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Jiang J, Briedé JJ, Jennen DGJ, Van Summeren A, Saritas-Brauers K, Schaart G, Kleinjans JCS, de Kok TMCM. Increased mitochondrial ROS formation by acetaminophen in human hepatic cells is associated with gene expression changes suggesting disruption of the mitochondrial electron transport chain. Toxicol Lett 2015; 234:139-50. [PMID: 25704631 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2015.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Revised: 02/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Acetaminophen (APAP) overdosage results in hepatotoxicity, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are still not completely understood. In the current study, we focused on mitochondrial-specific oxidative liver injury induced by APAP exposure. Owning to genetic polymorphisms in the CYP2E1 gene or varying inducibility by xenobiotics, the CYP2E1 mRNA level and protein activity vary extensively among individuals. As CYP2E1 is a known ROS generating enzyme, we chose HepG2 to minimize CYP2E1-induced ROS formation, which will help us better understand the APAP induced mitochondrial-specific hepatotoxicity in a subpopulation with low CYP2E1 activity. HepG2 cells were exposed to a low and toxic dose (0.5 and 10mM) of APAP and analyzed at four time points for genome-wide gene expression. Mitochondria were isolated and electron spin resonance spectroscopy was performed to measure the formation of mitochondrial ROS. The yield of ATP was measured to confirm the impact of the toxic dose of APAP on cellular energy production. Our results indicate that 10mM APAP significantly influences the expression of mitochondrial protein-encoding genes in association with an increase in mitochondrial ROS formation. Additionally, 10mM APAP affects the expression of genes encoding the subunits of electron transport chain (ETC) complexes, which may alter normal mitochondrial functions by disrupting the assembly, stability, and structural integrity of ETC complexes, leading to a measurable depletion of ATP, and cell death. The expression of mitochondrium-specific antioxidant enzyme, SOD2, is reduced which may limit the ROS scavenging ability and cause imbalance of the mitochondrial ROS homeostasis. Overall, transcriptome analysis reveals the molecular processes involved in the observed APAP-induced increase of mitochondrial ROS formation and the associated APAP-induced oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Jiang
- Department of Toxicogenomics, School of Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands.
| | - Jacob J Briedé
- Department of Toxicogenomics, School of Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Danyel G J Jennen
- Department of Toxicogenomics, School of Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Anke Van Summeren
- Department of Toxicogenomics, School of Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Karen Saritas-Brauers
- Department of Toxicogenomics, School of Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Gert Schaart
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, School of nutrition, Toxicology and metabolism (NUTRIM) Maastricht University Medical Centre, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Jos C S Kleinjans
- Department of Toxicogenomics, School of Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Theo M C M de Kok
- Department of Toxicogenomics, School of Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands
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Jin J, Lin F, Liao S, Bao Q, Ni L. Effects of SNPs (CYP1B1*2 G355T, CYP1B1*3 C4326G, and CYP2E1*5 G-1293C), smoking, and drinking on susceptibility to laryngeal cancer among Han Chinese. PLoS One 2014; 9:e106580. [PMID: 25299224 PMCID: PMC4191961 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0106580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2014] [Accepted: 08/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study was conducted to explore the effects of genetic polymorphisms (CYP1B1*2 G355T, CYP1B1*3 C4326G, and CYP2E1*5 G-1293C) and environmental factors (smoking and drinking) on susceptibility to laryngeal cancer in a Han Chinese study group. Methods This case-control study included 552 Han Chinese patients diagnosed with laryngeal cancer and 666 healthy control subjects of the same ethnicity, similar age, and gender. Genetic polymorphisms were examined using multi-PCR and Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization - Time of Flight (MALDI-TOF MS) methodology. The association of these genetic and environmental factors with susceptibility to laryngeal cancer was evaluated using a statistical approach. Results The frequencies of all three polymorphisms in the patient cohort were significantly different from those in the control cohort. Compared to the control cohort, carriers of variant alleles of CYP1B1*2 355T and CYP2E1*5 -1293C showed a higher risk for developing laryngeal cancer (for CYP1B1*2 355T, adjusted OR = 2.657, P <0.001; for CYP2E1*5 -1293C, adjusted OR = 1.938, P <0.001), while carriers of mutation allele CYP1B1*3 4326G showed a lower risk (adjusted OR = 0.562, P <0.001). Joint effects of these polymorphisms were observed. When compared to haplotype G355C4326G−1293, haplotypes T355C4326G−1293 (adjusted OR = 1.809, P <0.001), G355C4326C−1293 (adjusted OR = 1.644, P = 0.044), and T355C4326C−1293 (adjusted OR = 3.104, P <0.001) were associated with a significantly higher laryngeal cancer risk. The adjusted ORs for non-smokers, non-drinkers, smokers, and drinkers with the GT/TT genotype at CYP1B1*2 G355T were 2.190 (P = 0.006), 2.008 (P = 0.001), 5.875 (P <0.001), and 4.518 (P <0.001), respectively. Conclusions CYP1B1*2 355T and CYP2E1*5 -1293C are associated with an increased laryngeal cancer risk, while CYP1B1*3 4326G is associated with a decreased risk. These polymorphisms showed joint effects on laryngeal cancer risk. Smoking and drinking showed collaborative effects with two high risk alleles (CYP1B1*2 355T and CYP1B1*3 4326G) for promoting laryngeal cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Jin
- School of Basic Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Faming Lin
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shiyu Liao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qiyu Bao
- Institute of Biomedical Informatics/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Liyan Ni
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou medical University, Wenzhou, China
- * E-mail:
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Direct sequencing and comprehensive screening of genetic polymorphisms on CYP2 family genes (CYP2A6, CYP2B6, CYP2C8, and CYP2E1) in five ethnic populations. Arch Pharm Res 2014; 38:115-28. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-014-0348-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2013] [Accepted: 01/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Sameer AS. Colorectal cancer: molecular mutations and polymorphisms. Front Oncol 2013; 3:114. [PMID: 23717813 PMCID: PMC3651991 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2013.00114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2012] [Accepted: 04/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the major causes of mortality and morbidity, and is the third most common cancer in men and the second most common cancer in women worldwide. The incidence of CRC shows considerable variation among racially or ethnically defined populations in multiracial/ethnic countries. The tumorigenesis of CRC is either because of the chromosomal instability (CIN) or microsatellite instability (MIN) or involving various proto-oncogenes, tumor-suppressor genes, and also epigenetic changes in the DNA. In this review I have focused on the mutations and polymorphisms of various important genes of the CIN and MIN pathways which have been implicated in the development of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aga Syed Sameer
- Department of Biochemistry, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences Associated Medical College, Bemina, SrinagarKashmir, India
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16
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Zgheib NK, Shamseddine AA, Geryess E, Tfayli A, Bazarbachi A, Salem Z, Shamseddine A, Taher A, El-Saghir NS. Genetic polymorphisms of CYP2E1, GST, and NAT2 enzymes are not associated with risk of breast cancer in a sample of Lebanese women. Mutat Res 2013; 747-748:40-7. [PMID: 23628324 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2013.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2012] [Revised: 03/25/2013] [Accepted: 04/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Changes in the activity of drug metabolizing enzymes (DMEs) are potentially associated with cancer risk. This relationship is attributed to their involvement in the bioactivation of multiple procarcinogens or the metabolism of multiple substrates including an array of xenobiotics and environmental carcinogens. 326 Lebanese women of whom 99 were cancer free (controls) and 227 were diagnosed with breast cancer (cases) were included. Blood for DNA was collected and medical charts were reviewed. Three genotyping methods were employed including: (1) restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) for CYP2E1*5B, CYP2E1*6, NAT2*5 and NAT2*6; (2) gel electrophoresis for GSTM1 and GSTT1; and (3) real-time PCR for GSTP1 Ile/Val polymorphism. We analyzed the relationship between genetic susceptibilities in selected xenobiotic metabolizing genes and breast cancer risk. Allele frequencies were fairly similar to previously reported values from neighboring populations with relevant migration routes. There were no statistically significant differences in the distribution of variant carcinogen metabolizing genes between cases and controls even after adjusting for age at diagnosis, menopausal status, smoking, and alcohol intake. Despite its limitations, this is the first study that assesses the role of genetic polymorphisms in DMEs with breast cancer in a sample of Lebanese women. Further studies are needed to determine the genetic predisposition and gene-environment interactions of breast cancer in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie K Zgheib
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Lebanon.
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Cytochrome P450 2E1 RsaI/PstI and DraI Polymorphisms Are Risk Factors for Lung Cancer in Mongolian and Han Population in Inner Mongolia. Chin J Cancer Res 2013; 23:107-11. [PMID: 23483202 DOI: 10.1007/s11670-011-0107-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2010] [Accepted: 02/16/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the relationship between cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) RsaI/PstI and DraI polymorphism and lung cancer susceptibility in Mongolian and Han population in Inner Mongolia of China. METHODS CYP2E1 RsaI/PstI and DraI polymorphisms were detected by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism in 64 lung cancer patients, 150 healthy Mongolian and 150 healthy Han individuals. The distribution of genotype and allele frequencies of CYP2E1 RsaI/PstI and DraI polymorphisms were studied. RESULTS The risk of lung cancer was increased in individuals with CYP2E1 (cl/cl) and CYP2E1 (DD) with OR values of 2.431 (95%CI=1.082-5.460) and 2.778 (95%CI=1.358-5.683) respectively (P<0.05). When CYP2E1 RsaI/PstI and DraI polymorphisms were combined, the risk of lung cancer was reduced in individuals with CYP2E1 (cl/c2+c2/c2 and DD+CC) with OR values of 0.233 (95%CI=0.088-0.615, P<0.05). In smokers, the susceptibility to lung cancer was higher in the individuals with CYP2E1 (c1/c1) and CYP2E1 (DD) than in the individuals with c2 and C allele (P<0.05, OR=2.643 and 4.308 respectively). There was no significant difference in distribution of CYP2E1 genotype frequency between healthy Mongolian, Han population and lung cancer patients, healthy controls in Inner Mongolia. CONCLUSION CYP2E1 (c1/c1) and CYP2E1 (DD) are predisposing factors of lung cancer in population in Inner Mongolia. CYP2E1 (c2﹢C) co-mutation may decrease the risk of lung cancer. Smoking exerts synergetic effect with CYP2E1 (c1/c1) and CYP2E1 (DD) on the occurrence of lung cancer.
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Sameer AS. Colorectal cancer: a researcher’s perspective of the molecular angel’s gone eccentric in the Vale of Kashmir. Tumour Biol 2013; 34:1301-15. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-013-0692-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2012] [Accepted: 02/03/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Shahriary GM, Galehdari H, Jalali A, Zanganeh F, Alavi SMR, Aghanoori MR. CYP2E1*5B, CYP2E1*6, CYP2E1*7B, CYP2E1*2, and CYP2E1*3 Allele Frequencies in Iranian Populations. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2012; 13:6505-10. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2012.13.12.6505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Sameer AS, Nissar S, Qadri Q, Alam S, Baba SM, Siddiqi MA. Role of CYP2E1 genotypes in susceptibility to colorectal cancer in the Kashmiri population. Hum Genomics 2012; 5:530-7. [PMID: 22155602 PMCID: PMC3525247 DOI: 10.1186/1479-7364-5-6-530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) is a key enzyme involved in the metabolic activation of procarcinogens such as N-nitrosoamines and low-molecular-weight organic compounds. The main aim of this study was to determine whether CYP450 2E1 polymorphisms are associated with the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). We investigated the genotype distribution of the CYP2E1 gene RsaI and a 96-base pair (bp) insertion in 86 CRC cases in comparison with 160 healthy subjects. We found the frequency of the CYP2E1 RsaI genotype to be 53.5 per cent (46/86) for c1/c1, 17.4 per cent (15/86) for c1/c2 and 29.1 per cent (25/86) for c2/c2, and the CYP2E1 98-bp insertion frequencies to be 63.9 per cent (55/86) for non-insertion (i/i), 22.1 per cent (19/86) for heterozygous insertion (i/I) and 36.0 per cent (12/86) for homozygous insertion (I/I) among CRC cases. We also found the CYP2E1 RsaI c2/c2 and CYP2E1 98-bp heterozygous i/I genotypes to be significantly associated with an increased risk of CRC (p = 0.01). We suggest that CYP2E1 polymorphisms are involved in the susceptibility to developing CRC in the ethnic Kashmiri population.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Syed Sameer
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Soura, Srinagar, Kashmir 190011, India
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Diverse action of acrylamide on cytochrome P450 and glutathione S-transferase isozyme activities, mRNA levels and protein levels in human hepatocarcinoma cells. Cell Biol Toxicol 2012; 28:175-86. [PMID: 22392284 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-012-9214-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2011] [Accepted: 02/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
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22
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Association between polymorphisms of EPHX1 and XRCC1 genes and the risk of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Arch Toxicol 2011; 86:431-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-011-0760-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2011] [Accepted: 09/20/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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23
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Pohl HR, Scinicariello F. The impact of CYP2E1 genetic variability on risk assessment of VOC mixtures. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2011; 59:364-74. [PMID: 21295098 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2011.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2010] [Revised: 01/26/2011] [Accepted: 01/28/2011] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Humans are simultaneously exposed to multiple chemicals in the environment. Many of the chemicals use the same enzymes in their metabolic pathways. Competitive inhibition may occur as one of the possible interactions between the xenobiotics in human body. For example, many volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are metabolized using P450 enzymes, specifically CYP2E1. Inheritable gene alterations may result in changes of function of the enzymes in different human subpopulations. Variations in quantity and/or quality of particular isoenzymes may cause differences in the metabolism of VOCs. These variations may cause higher sensitivity in certain populations. Using examples of three different mixtures, this review paper outlines the variances in CYP2E1 isoenzymes, effect of exposure to such mixtures on sensitive populations, and approaches to mixtures risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana R Pohl
- Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, US Department of Health and Human Services, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
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Tumer TB, Yilmaz D, Tanrikut C, Sahin G, Ulusoy G, Arinç E. DNA repair XRCC1 Arg399Gln polymorphism alone, and in combination with CYP2E1 polymorphisms significantly contribute to the risk of development of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Leuk Res 2010; 34:1275-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2010.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2009] [Revised: 02/19/2010] [Accepted: 02/27/2010] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
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Kayaaltı Z, Söylemezoğlu T. Distribution of ADH1B, ALDH2, CYP2E1 *6, and CYP2E1 *7B genotypes in Turkish population. Alcohol 2010; 44:415-23. [PMID: 20598484 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2010.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2010] [Revised: 06/04/2010] [Accepted: 06/04/2010] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The most well-known metabolic pathways from ethanol to acetaldehyde include alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and the microsomal ethanol oxidizing system that involves cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1). Acetaldehyde is further oxidized to acetate by aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH). The genetic variation of ADH1B, ALDH2, and CYP2E1 is different among racial populations and cause difference in elimination rates of alcohol. The aim of this study was to determine the polymorphisms of ADH1B (rs1229984; Arg47His), ALDH2 (rs671; Glu487Lys), CYP2E1*6 (rs6413432; T7632A), and CYP2E1*7B (rs6413420; G-71T) in unrelated healthy Turkish population and compare it with other populations. ADH1B and ALDH2 polymorphisms were analyzed with an allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay, and CYP2E1*6 and CYP2E1*7B polymorphisms were genotyped by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism method. ADH1B polymorphism analysis yielded the genotype distribution as 83.9% ADH1B*1/1 and 16.1% ADH1B*1/2, and no individuals with ALDH2*1/2 and ALDH2*2/2 genotypes were found in Turkish population. The genotype frequencies for CYP2E1*6 polymorphism were found as 85.3% for homozygote common, 14.1% for heterozygote, and 0.6% for homozygote uncommon. For CYP2E1*7B polymorphism, the genotype frequencies were determined to be 86.5% G/G, 13.5% for G/T; however, no individuals with homozygote uncommon genotype were detected. According to our study results, the genotype distributions of ADH1B, ALDH2, CYP2E1*6, and CYP2E1*7B in Turkish population were similar compared with Caucasian and some European populations, whereas differed significantly from East Asian populations. This study may be useful in epidemiological studies of the influence of ADH1B, ALDH2, CYP2E1*6, and CYP2E1*7B polymorphisms on diseases, including several types of cancer related to alcohol consumption and alcohol dependence.
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The role of polymorphic cytochrome P450 enzymes in drug design, development and drug interactions with a special emphasis on phenotyping. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2009.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
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Abstract
AIM: To clarify the association between CYP2E1 PstI/RsaI polymorphism and susceptibility to colorectal cancer.
METHODS: A meta-analysis based on 10 eligible case-control studies involving 4979 cases and 6012 controls was carried out to summarize the data on the association between CYP2E1 RsaI/PstI polymorphism and colorectal cancer risk.
RESULTS: In comparison of the homozygote c2c2 and c2 carriers (c1c2 + c2c2) and the homozygous wild-type genotype (c1c1), no association was found between CYP2E1 RsaI/PstI polymorphism and colorectal cancer risk [odds ratio (OR) = 1.24 (95% CI: 0.93-1.66) for c2c2; OR = 1.02 (95% CI: 0.88-1.19) for c2 carriers]. In stratified analysis, Caucasians with c2c2 homozygote appeared to have an increased risk of colorectal cancer (OR = 2.67, 95% CI: 1.03-6.89, P = 0.043), no significant associations were found in other groups.
CONCLUSION: c2c2 homozygote of CYP2E1 PstI/RsaI polymorphism may be associated with the increased risk of colorectal cancer in Caucasians, which needs further investigations.
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Zgheib NK, Mitri Z, Geryess E, Noutsi P. Cytochrome P4502E1 (CYP2E1) Genetic Polymorphisms in a Lebanese Population: Frequency Distribution and Association with Morbid Diseases. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2010; 14:393-7. [DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2009.0193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Khoueiry Zgheib
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Zahi Mitri
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Eddy Geryess
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Pakiza Noutsi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
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Tang K, Li X, Xing Q, Li W, Feng G, He L, Qin S. Genetic polymorphism analysis of cytochrome P4502E1 (CYP2E1) in Chinese Han populations from four different geographic areas of Mainland China. Genomics 2010; 95:224-9. [PMID: 20100563 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2010.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2009] [Revised: 11/17/2009] [Accepted: 01/17/2010] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
CYP2E1 is one of a superfamily of enzymes that play a central role in activating and detoxifying many xenobiotics and endogenous compounds thought to be involved in the development of several human diseases. Among other factors, individual susceptibility to developing these pathologies relies on genetic polymorphisms, which are related to ethnic differences, since the frequency of mutant genotypes varies in different populations. The aim of this study was to investigate the genetic basis of CYP2E1 polymorphisms in the populations of four different geographical locations of China. Twenty-two different CYP2E1 polymorphisms, including six novel variants in promoter regions and a novel nonsense mutation, were identified. The frequencies of some polymorphisms and genotypes demonstrated significant differences among the four populations. Linkage disequilibrium analysis and tag SNP selection were performed. Haplotypes were analyzed within the selected tag SNPs. Tag SNP selection and haplotype distributions showed differences across the four populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kefu Tang
- Bio-X Center, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Polymorphisms of alcohol metabolizing enzyme and cytochrome P4502E1 genes in mongolian population. Genes Genomics 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03191256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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32
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Failure in drug development: the role of inhibition and induction of cytochrome P450 enzymes. Arch Toxicol 2008; 82:665-6. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-008-0355-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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33
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Bolt HM, Hengstler JG. A new series of review articles on drug metabolizing enzymes: nomenclature of isoenzyme families, genetic organization, polymorphisms, substrate specificities, clinical relevance and role in carcinogenesis. Arch Toxicol 2008; 82:413-4. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-008-0321-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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34
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Ulusoy G, Adali O, Tumer TB, Sahin G, Gozdasoglu S, Arinç E. Significance of Genetic Polymorphisms at Multiple Loci of CYP2E1 in the Risk of Development of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Oncology 2007; 72:125-31. [DOI: 10.1159/000111131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2007] [Accepted: 06/07/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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