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Stempel M, Maier O, Mhlekude B, Drakesmith H, Brinkmann MM. Novel role of bone morphogenetic protein 9 in innate host responses to HCMV infection. EMBO Rep 2024; 25:1106-1129. [PMID: 38308064 PMCID: PMC10933439 DOI: 10.1038/s44319-024-00072-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Herpesviruses modulate immune control to secure lifelong infection. The mechanisms Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) employs in this regard can reveal unanticipated aspects of cellular signaling involved in antiviral immunity. Here, we describe a novel relationship between the TGF-β family cytokine BMP9 and HCMV infection. We identify a cross-talk between BMP9-induced and IFN receptor-mediated signaling, showing that BMP9 boosts the transcriptional response to and antiviral activity of IFNβ, thereby enhancing viral restriction. We also show that BMP9 is secreted by human fibroblasts upon HCMV infection. However, HCMV infection impairs BMP9-induced enhancement of the IFNβ response, indicating that this signaling role of BMP9 is actively targeted by HCMV. Indeed, transmembrane proteins US18 and US20, which downregulate type I BMP receptors, are necessary and sufficient to cause inhibition of BMP9-mediated boosting of the antiviral response to IFNβ. HCMV lacking US18 and US20 is more sensitive to IFNβ. Thus, HCMV has a mutually antagonistic relationship with BMP9, which extends the growing body of evidence that BMP signaling is an underappreciated modulator of innate immunity in response to viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Stempel
- Institute of Genetics, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
- Virology and Innate Immunity Research Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Oliver Maier
- Institute of Genetics, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Baxolele Mhlekude
- Virology and Innate Immunity Research Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Hal Drakesmith
- MRC Translational Immune Discovery Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Melanie M Brinkmann
- Institute of Genetics, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany.
- Virology and Innate Immunity Research Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany.
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Arias-Betancur A, Badilla-Wenzel N, Astete-Sanhueza Á, Farfán-Beltrán N, Dias FJ. Carrier systems for bone morphogenetic proteins: An overview of biomaterials used for dentoalveolar and maxillofacial bone regeneration. JAPANESE DENTAL SCIENCE REVIEW 2022; 58:316-327. [PMID: 36281233 PMCID: PMC9587372 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdsr.2022.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Different types of biomaterials have been used to fabricate carriers to deliver bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) in both dentoalveolar and maxillofacial bone regeneration procedures. Despite that absorbable collagen sponge (ACS) is considered the gold standard for BMP delivery, there is still some concerns regarding its use mainly due to its poor mechanical properties. To overcome this, novel systems are being developed, however, due to the wide variety of biomaterial combination, the heterogeneous assessment of newly formed tissue, and the intended clinical applications, there is still no consensus regarding which is more efficient in a particular clinical scenario. The combination of two or more biomaterials in different topological configurations has allowed specific controlled-release patterns for BMPs, improving their biological and mechanical properties compared with classical single-material carriers. However, more basic research is needed. Since the BMPs can be used in multiple clinical scenarios having different biological and mechanical needs, novel carriers should be developed in a context-specific manner. Thus, the purpose of this review is to gather current knowledge about biomaterials used to fabricate delivery systems for BMPs in both dentoalveolar and maxillofacial contexts. Aspects related with the biological, physical and mechanical characteristics of each biomaterial are also presented and discussed. Strategies for bone formation and regeneration are a major concern in dentistry. Topical delivery of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) allows rapid bone formation. BMPs requires proper carrier system to allow controlled and sustained release. Carrier should also fulfill mechanical requirements of bone defect sites. By using complex composites, it would be possible to develop new carriers for BMPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alain Arias-Betancur
- Department of Integral Adult Dentistry, Research Centre for Dental Sciences (CICO-UFRO), Dental School-Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Nicolás Badilla-Wenzel
- Dental School-Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Álvaro Astete-Sanhueza
- Dental School-Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Nicole Farfán-Beltrán
- Department of Integral Adult Dentistry, Research Centre for Dental Sciences (CICO-UFRO), Dental School-Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile.,Universidad Adventista de Chile, Chillán 3780000, Chile
| | - Fernando José Dias
- Department of Integral Adult Dentistry, Oral Biology Research Centre (CIBO-UFRO), Dental School-Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
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Gao X, Hwang MP, Wright N, Lu A, Ruzbarsky JJ, Huard M, Cheng H, Mullen M, Ravuri S, Wang B, Wang Y, Huard J. The use of heparin/polycation coacervate sustain release system to compare the bone regenerative potentials of 5 BMPs using a critical sized calvarial bone defect model. Biomaterials 2022; 288:121708. [PMID: 36031459 PMCID: PMC10129760 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Nonunion following bone fracture and segmental bone defects are challenging clinical conditions. To combat this clinical dilemma, development of new bone tissue engineering therapies using biocompatible materials to deliver bone growth factors is desirable. This aim of this study is to use a heparin/polycation coacervate sustained-release platform to compare 5 bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) for promoting bone defect healing in a critical sized calvarial defect model. The in vitro 3D osteogenic pellet cultures assays demonstrated that BMPs 2, 4, 6, 7 and 9 all enhanced mineralization in vitro compared to the control group. BMP2 resulted in higher mineralized volume than BMP4 and BMP6. All BMPs and the control group activated the pSMAD5 signaling pathway and expressed osterix (OSX). The binding of BMP2 with coacervate significantly increased the coacervate average particle size. BMP2, 4, 6, & 7 bound to coacervate significantly increased the Zeta potential of the coacervate while BMP9 binding showed insignificant increase. Furthermore, using a monolayer culture osteogenic assay, it was found that hMDSCs cultured in the coacervate BMP2 osteogenic medium expressed higher levels of RUNX2, OSX, ALP and COX-2 compared to the control and BMPs 4, 6, 7 & 9. Additionally, the coacervate complex can be loaded with up to 2 μg of BMP proteins for sustained release. In vivo, when BMPs were delivered using the coacervate sustained release system, BMP2 was identified to be the most potent BMP promoting bone regeneration and regenerated 10 times of new bone than BMPs 4, 6 & 9. BMP7 also stimulated robust bone regeneration when compared to BMPs 4, 6 & 9. The quality of the newly regenerated bone by all BMPs delivered by coacervate is equivalent to the host bone consisting of bone matrix and bone marrow with normal bone architecture. Although the defect was not completely healed at 6 weeks, coacervate sustain release BMPs, particularly BMP2 and BMP7, could represent a new strategy for treatment of bone defects and non-unions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqin Gao
- Linda and Mitch Hart Center for Regenerative and Personalized Medicine, Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, CO, 81657, USA
| | - Mintai P Hwang
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Nathaniel Wright
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Aiping Lu
- Linda and Mitch Hart Center for Regenerative and Personalized Medicine, Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, CO, 81657, USA
| | - Joseph J Ruzbarsky
- Linda and Mitch Hart Center for Regenerative and Personalized Medicine, Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, CO, 81657, USA
| | - Matthieu Huard
- Linda and Mitch Hart Center for Regenerative and Personalized Medicine, Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, CO, 81657, USA
| | - Haizi Cheng
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, USA
| | - Michael Mullen
- Linda and Mitch Hart Center for Regenerative and Personalized Medicine, Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, CO, 81657, USA
| | - Sudheer Ravuri
- Linda and Mitch Hart Center for Regenerative and Personalized Medicine, Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, CO, 81657, USA
| | - Bing Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Yadong Wang
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA.
| | - Johnny Huard
- Linda and Mitch Hart Center for Regenerative and Personalized Medicine, Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, CO, 81657, USA.
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Liu G, Chen J, Wang X, Liu Y, Ma Y, Tu X. Functionalized 3D-Printed ST2/Gelatin Methacryloyl/Polcaprolactone Scaffolds for Enhancing Bone Regeneration with Vascularization. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158347. [PMID: 35955478 PMCID: PMC9368581 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Growth factors were often used to improve the bioactivity of biomaterials in order to fabricate biofunctionalized bone grafts for bone defect repair. However, supraphysiological concentrations of growth factors for improving bioactivity could lead to serious side effects, such as ectopic bone formation, radiculitis, swelling of soft tissue in the neck, etc. Therefore, safely and effectively applying growth factors in bone repair biomaterials comes to be an urgent problem that needs to be addressed. In this study, an appropriate concentration (50 ng/mL) of Wnt3a was used to pretreat the 3D-bioprinting gelatin methacryloyl(GelMA)/polycaprolactone(PCL) scaffold loaded with bone marrow stromal cell line ST2 for 24 h. This pretreatment promoted the cell proliferation, osteogenic differentiation, and mineralization of ST2 in the scaffold in vitro, and enhanced angiogenesis and osteogenesis after being implanted in critical-sized mouse calvarial defects. On the contrary, the inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in ST2 cells reduced the bone repair effect of this scaffold. These results suggested that ST2/GelMA/PCL scaffolds pretreated with an appropriate concentration of Wnt3a in culture medium could effectively enhance the osteogenic and angiogenic activity of bone repair biomaterials both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, it would avoid the side effects caused by the supraphysiological concentrations of growth factors. This functionalized scaffold with osteogenic and angiogenic activity might be used as an outstanding bone substitute for bone regeneration and repair.
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Engineering of a Long-Acting Bone Morphogenetic Protein-7 by Fusion with Albumin for the Treatment of Renal Injury. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14071334. [PMID: 35890230 PMCID: PMC9316787 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14071334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP7) is capable of inhibiting TGF-β/Smad3 signaling, which subsequently results in protecting the kidney from renal fibrosis, but its lower blood retention and osteogenic activity are bottlenecks for its clinical application. We report herein on the fusion of carbohydrate-deficient human BMP7 and human serum albumin (HSA-BMP7) using albumin fusion technology and site-directed mutagenesis. When using mouse myoblast cells, no osteogenesis was observed in the glycosylated BMP7 derived from Chinese hamster ovary cells in the case of unglycosylated BMP7 derived from Escherichia coli and HSA-BMP7. On the contrary, the specific activity for the Smad1/5/8 phosphorylation of HSA-BMP7 was about 25~50-times lower than that for the glycosylated BMP7, but the phosphorylation activity of the HSA-BMP7 was retained. A pharmacokinetic profile showed that the plasma half-life of HSA-BMP7 was similar to that for HSA and was nearly 10 times longer than that of BMP7. In unilateral ureteral obstruction mice, weekly dosing of HSA-BMP7 significantly attenuated renal fibrosis, but the individual components, i.e., HSA or BMP7, did not. HSA-BMP7 also attenuated a cisplatin-induced acute kidney dysfunction model. The findings reported herein indicate that HSA-BMP7 has the potential for use in clinical applications for the treatment of renal injuries.
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Gillman CE, Jayasuriya AC. FDA-approved bone grafts and bone graft substitute devices in bone regeneration. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 130:112466. [PMID: 34702541 PMCID: PMC8555702 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
To induce bone regeneration there is a complex cascade of growth factors. Growth factors such as recombinant BMP-2, BMP-7, and PDGF are FDA-approved therapies in bone regeneration. Although, BMP shows promising results as being an alternative to autograft, it also has its own downfalls. BMP-2 has many adverse effects such as inflammatory complications such as massive soft-tissue swelling that can compromise a patient's airway, ectopic bone formation, and tumor formation. BMP-2 may also be advantageous for patients not willing to give up smoking as it shows bone regeneration success with smokers. BMP-7 is no longer an option for bone regeneration as it has withdrawn off the market. PDGF-BB grafts in studies have shown PDGF had similar fusion rates to autologous grafts and fewer adverse effects. There is also an FDA-approved bioactive molecule for bone regeneration, a peptide P-15. P-15 was found to be effective, safe, and have similar outcomes to autograft at 2 years post-op for cervical radiculopathy due to cervical degenerative disc disease. Growth factors and bioactive molecules show some promising results in bone regeneration, although more research is needed to avoid their adverse effects and learn about the long-term effects of these therapies. There is a need of a bone regeneration method of similar quality of an autograft that is osteoconductive, osteoinductive, and osteogenic. This review covers all FDA-approved bone regeneration therapies such as the "gold standard" autografts, allografts, synthetic bone grafts, and the newer growth factors/bioactive molecules. It also covers international bone grafts not yet approved in the United States and upcoming technologies in bone grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassidy E Gillman
- The Doctor of Medicine (M.D.) Program, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Ambalangodage C Jayasuriya
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA.
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7
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Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel Biocompatible Alloy, Ti-Nb-Zr-Ta-Sn. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910611. [PMID: 34638960 PMCID: PMC8509052 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Many current-generation biomedical implants are fabricated from the Ti-6Al-4V alloy because it has many attractive properties, such as low density and biocompatibility. However, the elastic modulus of this alloy is much larger than that of the surrounding bone, leading to bone resorption and, eventually, implant failure. In the present study, we synthesized and performed a detailed analysis of a novel low elastic modulus Ti-based alloy (Ti-28Nb-5Zr-2Ta-2Sn (TNZTS alloy)) using a variety of methods, including scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and tensile test. Additionally, the in vitro biocompatibility of the TNZTS alloy was evaluated using SCP-1, SaOs-2, and THP-1 cell lines and primary human osteoblasts. Compared to Ti-6Al-4V, the elastic modulus of TNZTS alloy was significantly lower, while measures of its in vitro biocompatibility are comparable. O2 plasma treatment of the surface of the alloy significantly increased its hydrophilicity and, hence, its in vitro biocompatibility. TNZTS alloy specimens did not induce the release of cytokines by macrophages, indicating that such scaffolds would not trigger inflammatory responses. The present results suggest that the TNZTS alloy may have potential as an alternative to Ti-6Al-4V.
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Weng W, Zanetti F, Bovard D, Braun B, Ehnert S, Uynuk-Ool T, Histing T, Hoeng J, Nussler AK, Aspera-Werz RH. A simple method for decellularizing a cell-derived matrix for bone cell cultivation and differentiation. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2021; 32:124. [PMID: 34524552 PMCID: PMC8443471 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-021-06601-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix regulates cell survival, proliferation, and differentiation. In vitro two-dimensional cell experiments are typically performed on a plastic plate or a substrate of a single extracellular matrix constituent such as collagen or calcium phosphate. As these approaches do not include extracellular matrix proteins or growth factors, they fail to mimic a complex cell microenvironment. The cell-derived matrix is an alternative platform for better representing the in vivo microenvironment in vitro. Standard decellularization of a cell-derived matrix is achieved by combining chemical and physical methods. In this study, we compared the decellularization efficacy of several methods: ammonium hydroxide, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), or Triton X-100 with cold or heat treatment on a matrix of Saos-2 cells. We found that the protocols containing SDS were cytotoxic during recellularization. Heat treatment at 47 °C was not cytotoxic, removed cellular constituents, inactivated alkaline phosphatase activity, and maintained the levels of calcium deposition. Subsequently, we investigated the differentiation efficiency of a direct bone coculture system in the established decellularized Saos-2 matrix, an inorganic matrix of calcium phosphate, and a plastic plate as a control. We found that the decellularized Saos-2 cell matrix obtained by heat treatment at 47 °C enhanced osteoclast differentiation and matrix mineralization better than the inorganic matrix and the control. This simple and low-cost method allows us to create a Saos-2 decellularized matrix that can be used as an in vivo-like support for the growth and differentiation of bone cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Weng
- Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, BG Trauma Center Tübingen, Siegfried Weller Institute for Trauma Research, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Filippo Zanetti
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, CH-2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - David Bovard
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, CH-2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Bianca Braun
- Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, BG Trauma Center Tübingen, Siegfried Weller Institute for Trauma Research, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sabrina Ehnert
- Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, BG Trauma Center Tübingen, Siegfried Weller Institute for Trauma Research, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Tatiana Uynuk-Ool
- Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, BG Trauma Center Tübingen, Siegfried Weller Institute for Trauma Research, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Tina Histing
- Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, BG Trauma Center Tübingen, Siegfried Weller Institute for Trauma Research, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Julia Hoeng
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, CH-2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Andreas K Nussler
- Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, BG Trauma Center Tübingen, Siegfried Weller Institute for Trauma Research, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Romina H Aspera-Werz
- Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, BG Trauma Center Tübingen, Siegfried Weller Institute for Trauma Research, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.
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Fujioka-Kobayashi M, Marjanowski SD, Kono M, Hino S, Saulacic N, Schaller B. Osteoinductive potential of recombinant BMP-9 in bone defects of mice treated with antiresorptive agents. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2021; 51:566-575. [PMID: 34454793 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2021.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of recombinant human (rh)BMP-9 on bone regenerative potential in a mouse model of antibody-mediated antiresorptive therapy (AMART). A monoclonal anti-murine receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand (RANKL) antibody (mAb) was used to create an AMART model in mice. rhBMP-9 combined with collagen membrane was implanted in calvarial defects in mAb-treated mice. After 4 weeks, the bone formative potential in the defects was evaluated by micro-computed tomography and histological approaches. The groups implanted with rhBMP-9-containing collagen membranes demonstrated substantial osteopromotive potential, with significantly greater new bone volume (Sham + BMP-9 group; 0.86 ± 0.29 mm3 and mAb + BMP-9 group; 0.64 ± 0.16 mm3) than control PBS-membranes (Sham + PBS group; 0.44 ± 0.29 mm3 and mAb + PBS group; 0.24 ± 0.12 mm3) in both sham and mAb-treated mice. In line with in vivo study, bone marrow cells isolated from both sham and mAb-treated mice confirmed greater osteogenic potential upon stimulation with rhBMP-9 in vitro. These findings suggest for the first time that local rhBMP-9 administration might be a strategy to accelerate bone regeneration in the context of AMART.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Fujioka-Kobayashi
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, The Nippon Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - S D Marjanowski
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - M Kono
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Hino
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - N Saulacic
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - B Schaller
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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10
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Li C, Mills Z, Zheng Z. Novel cell sources for bone regeneration. MedComm (Beijing) 2021; 2:145-174. [PMID: 34766140 PMCID: PMC8491221 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
A plethora of both acute and chronic conditions, including traumatic, degenerative, malignant, or congenital disorders, commonly induce bone disorders often associated with severe persisting pain and limited mobility. Over 1 million surgical procedures involving bone excision, bone grafting, and fracture repair are performed each year in the U.S. alone, resulting in immense levels of public health challenges and corresponding financial burdens. Unfortunately, the innate self-healing capacity of bone is often inadequate for larger defects over a critical size. Moreover, as direct transplantation of committed osteoblasts is hindered by deficient cell availability, limited cell spreading, and poor survivability, an urgent need for novel cell sources for bone regeneration is concurrent. Thanks to the development in stem cell biology and cell reprogramming technology, many multipotent and pluripotent cells that manifest promising osteogenic potential are considered the regenerative remedy for bone defects. Considering these cells' investigation is still in its relative infancy, each of them offers their own particular challenges that must be conquered before the large-scale clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenshuang Li
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Zane Mills
- College of DentistryUniversity of OklahomaOklahoma CityOklahomaUSA
| | - Zhong Zheng
- Division of Growth and Development, School of DentistryUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
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Wu JQ, Mao LB, Liu LF, Li YM, Wu J, Yao J, Zhang FH, Liu TY, Yuan L. Identification of key genes and pathways of BMP-9-induced osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells by integrated bioinformatics analysis. J Orthop Surg Res 2021; 16:273. [PMID: 33879213 PMCID: PMC8059242 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-021-02390-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose of present study was to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with BMP-9-induced osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) by using bioinformatics methods. Methods Gene expression profiles of BMP-9-induced MSCs were compared between with GFP-induced MSCs and BMP-9-induced MSCs. GSE48882 containing two groups of gene expression profiles, 3 GFP-induced MSC samples and 3 from BMP-9-induced MSCs, was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Then, DEGs were clustered based on functions and signaling pathways with significant enrichment analysis. Pathway enrichment analysis using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) demonstrated that the identified DEGs were potentially involved in cytoplasm, nucleus, and extracellular exosome signaling pathway. Results A total of 1967 DEGs (1029 upregulated and 938 downregulated) were identified from GSE48882 datasets. R/Bioconductor package limma was used to identify the DEGs. Further analysis revealed that there were 35 common DEGs observed between the samples. GO function and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis, among which endoplasmic reticulum, protein export, RNA transport, and apoptosis was the most significant dysregulated pathway. The result of protein-protein interaction (PPI) network modules demonstrated that the Hspa5, P4hb, Sec61a1, Smarca2, Pdia3, Dnajc3, Hyou1, Smad7, Derl1, and Surf4 were the high-degree hub nodes. Conclusion Taken above, using integrated bioinformatical analysis, we have identified DEGs candidate genes and pathways in BMP-9 induced MSCs, which could improve our understanding of the key genes and pathways for BMP-9-induced osteogenic of MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Qi Wu
- Rehabilitation Department, Jingjiang People's Hospital, No.28, Zhongzhou road, Jingjiang, Taizhou, 214500, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lin-Bo Mao
- Rehabilitation Department, Jingjiang People's Hospital, No.28, Zhongzhou road, Jingjiang, Taizhou, 214500, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Ling-Feng Liu
- Rehabilitation Department, Jingjiang People's Hospital, No.28, Zhongzhou road, Jingjiang, Taizhou, 214500, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yong-Mei Li
- Rehabilitation Department, Jingjiang People's Hospital, No.28, Zhongzhou road, Jingjiang, Taizhou, 214500, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jian Wu
- Institute Office, Jingjiang People's Hospital, Jingjiang, China
| | - Jiao Yao
- Rehabilitation Department, Jingjiang People's Hospital, No.28, Zhongzhou road, Jingjiang, Taizhou, 214500, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Feng-Huan Zhang
- Rehabilitation Department, Jingjiang People's Hospital, No.28, Zhongzhou road, Jingjiang, Taizhou, 214500, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ting-Yu Liu
- Rehabilitation Department, Jingjiang People's Hospital, No.28, Zhongzhou road, Jingjiang, Taizhou, 214500, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ling Yuan
- Rehabilitation Department, Jingjiang People's Hospital, No.28, Zhongzhou road, Jingjiang, Taizhou, 214500, Jiangsu Province, China
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Candidates for Intra-Articular Administration Therapeutics and Therapies of Osteoarthritis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073594. [PMID: 33808364 PMCID: PMC8036705 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee is a disease that significantly decreases the quality of life due to joint deformation and pain caused by degeneration of articular cartilage. Since the degeneration of cartilage is irreversible, intervention from an early stage and control throughout life is important for OA treatment. For the treatment of early OA, the development of a disease-modifying osteoarthritis drug (DMOAD) for intra-articular (IA) injection, which is attracting attention as a point-of-care therapy, is desired. In recent years, the molecular mechanisms involved in OA progression have been clarified while new types of drug development methods based on gene sequences have been established. In addition to conventional chemical compounds and protein therapeutics, the development of DMOAD from the new modalities such as gene therapy and oligonucleotide therapeutics is accelerating. In this review, we have summarized the current status and challenges of DMOAD for IA injection, especially for protein therapeutics, gene therapy, and oligonucleotide therapeutics.
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Häussling V, Aspera-Werz RH, Rinderknecht H, Springer F, Arnscheidt C, Menger MM, Histing T, Nussler AK, Ehnert S. 3D Environment Is Required In Vitro to Demonstrate Altered Bone Metabolism Characteristic for Type 2 Diabetics. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22062925. [PMID: 33805833 PMCID: PMC8002142 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22062925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A large British study, with almost 3000 patients, identified diabetes as main risk factor for delayed and nonunion fracture healing, the treatment of which causes large costs for the health system. In the past years, much progress has been made to treat common complications in diabetics. However, there is still a lack of advanced strategies to treat diabetic bone diseases. To develop such therapeutic strategies, mechanisms leading to massive bone alterations in diabetics have to be well understood. We herein describe an in vitro model displaying bone metabolism frequently observed in diabetics. The model is based on osteoblastic SaOS-2 cells, which in direct coculture, stimulate THP-1 cells to form osteoclasts. While in conventional 2D cocultures formation of mineralized matrix is decreased under pre-/diabetic conditions, formation of mineralized matrix is increased in 3D cocultures. Furthermore, we demonstrate a matrix stability of the 3D carrier that is decreased under pre-/diabetic conditions, resembling the in vivo situation in type 2 diabetics. In summary, our results show that a 3D environment is required in this in vitro model to mimic alterations in bone metabolism characteristic for pre-/diabetes. The ability to measure both osteoblast and osteoclast function, and their effect on mineralization and stability of the 3D carrier offers the possibility to use this model also for other purposes, e.g., drug screenings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Häussling
- Siegfried Weller Research Institute, BG Trauma Center Tübingen, Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Tübingen, Schnarrenbergstr. 95, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany; (V.H.); (R.H.A.-W.); (H.R.); (C.A.); (M.M.M.); (T.H.); (S.E.)
| | - Romina H. Aspera-Werz
- Siegfried Weller Research Institute, BG Trauma Center Tübingen, Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Tübingen, Schnarrenbergstr. 95, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany; (V.H.); (R.H.A.-W.); (H.R.); (C.A.); (M.M.M.); (T.H.); (S.E.)
| | - Helen Rinderknecht
- Siegfried Weller Research Institute, BG Trauma Center Tübingen, Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Tübingen, Schnarrenbergstr. 95, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany; (V.H.); (R.H.A.-W.); (H.R.); (C.A.); (M.M.M.); (T.H.); (S.E.)
| | - Fabian Springer
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University of Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 3, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany;
- Radiology Department, BG Trauma Center Tübingen, Schnarrenbergstr. 95, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Christian Arnscheidt
- Siegfried Weller Research Institute, BG Trauma Center Tübingen, Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Tübingen, Schnarrenbergstr. 95, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany; (V.H.); (R.H.A.-W.); (H.R.); (C.A.); (M.M.M.); (T.H.); (S.E.)
| | - Maximilian M. Menger
- Siegfried Weller Research Institute, BG Trauma Center Tübingen, Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Tübingen, Schnarrenbergstr. 95, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany; (V.H.); (R.H.A.-W.); (H.R.); (C.A.); (M.M.M.); (T.H.); (S.E.)
| | - Tina Histing
- Siegfried Weller Research Institute, BG Trauma Center Tübingen, Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Tübingen, Schnarrenbergstr. 95, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany; (V.H.); (R.H.A.-W.); (H.R.); (C.A.); (M.M.M.); (T.H.); (S.E.)
| | - Andreas K. Nussler
- Siegfried Weller Research Institute, BG Trauma Center Tübingen, Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Tübingen, Schnarrenbergstr. 95, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany; (V.H.); (R.H.A.-W.); (H.R.); (C.A.); (M.M.M.); (T.H.); (S.E.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-7071-606-1065
| | - Sabrina Ehnert
- Siegfried Weller Research Institute, BG Trauma Center Tübingen, Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Tübingen, Schnarrenbergstr. 95, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany; (V.H.); (R.H.A.-W.); (H.R.); (C.A.); (M.M.M.); (T.H.); (S.E.)
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Zhu S, Häussling V, Aspera-Werz RH, Chen T, Braun B, Weng W, Histing T, Nussler AK. Bisphosphonates Reduce Smoking-Induced Osteoporotic-Like Alterations by Regulating RANKL/OPG in an Osteoblast and Osteoclast Co-Culture Model. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010053. [PMID: 33374546 PMCID: PMC7793101 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Co-culture models have become mandatory for obtaining better insights into bone homeostasis, which relies on the balance between osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Cigarette smoking (CS) has been proven to increase the risk of osteoporosis; however, there is currently no proven treatment for osteoporosis in smokers excluding cessation. Bisphosphonates (BPs) are classical anti-osteoclastic drugs that are commonly used in examining the suitability of bone co-culture systems in vitro as well as to verify the response to osteoporotic stimuli. In the present study, we tested the effects of BPs on cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-affected cells in the co-culture of osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Our results showed that BPs were able to reduce CSE-induced osteoporotic alterations in the co-culture of osteoblasts and osteoclasts such as decreased matrix remodeling, enhanced osteoclast activation, and an up-regulated receptor activator of nuclear factor (NF)-kB-ligand (RANKL)/osteoprotegerin (OPG) ratio. In summary, BPs may be an effective alternative therapy for reversing osteoporotic alterations in smokers, and the potential mechanism is through modulation of the RANKL/OPG ratio.
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Li X, Wang L, Su Q, Ye L, Zhou X, Zhang L, Song D, Huang D. Potential Roles of Bone Morphogenetic Protein 9 in the Odontogenic Differentiation of Dental Pulp Cells. J Endod 2020; 47:436-443. [PMID: 33129897 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2020.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The differentiation of dental pulp cells (DPCs) plays an important role in the repair of dental pulp injury. Bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9) is one of the most effective BMPs to induce the differentiation of stem cells. However, the role of BMP9 in promoting the odontogenic differentiation of DPCs and dentinogenesis is worth knowing. METHODS Fluorescence in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry staining were performed to detect the BMP9 expression in human dental pulp. BMP9 was overexpressed in human DPCs (hDPCs), and the mineralization of hDPCs was tested by alkaline phosphatase staining and alizarin red staining. The expression of odontogenic differentiation-related genes was examined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. The subcutaneous transplantation experiment was performed to test the odonto-induction ability of BMP9 in vivo. The rat direct pulp-capping experiment was performed to test the function of BMP9 in promoting dentin formation. RESULTS BMP9 showed an increased expression in odontoblast layer at both the mRNA and protein levels. BMP9 enhanced the mineralization and induced the expression of odontogenic differentiation-related genes in hDPCs. More mineralized nodules, and increased expression of dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) and dentin matrix protein-1 (DMP1) were detected in the beta-tricalcium phosphate scaffold/cells composites of BMP9 group compared with the control group. Meanwhile, there was thicker reparative dentin formation in the BMP9 group in the rat pulp exposure experiment. CONCLUSIONS BMP9 participates in the process of DPC differentiation and promotes DPC mineralization and dentinogenesis. BMP9 might be a potential therapeutic target in the repair of dental pulp injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangfen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qin Su
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuedong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dongzhe Song
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Dingming Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Jann J, Drevelle O, Lauzon MA, Faucheux N. Adhesion, intracellular signalling and osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal progenitor cells and preosteoblasts on poly(epsilon)caprolactone films functionalized by peptides derived from fibronectin and/or BMP-9. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 114:111088. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Berkmann JC, Herrera Martin AX, Pontremoli C, Zheng K, Bucher CH, Ellinghaus A, Boccaccini AR, Fiorilli S, Vitale Brovarone C, Duda GN, Schmidt-Bleek K. In Vivo Validation of Spray-Dried Mesoporous Bioactive Glass Microspheres Acting as Prolonged Local Release Systems for BMP-2 to Support Bone Regeneration. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12090823. [PMID: 32872353 PMCID: PMC7559713 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12090823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) is a known key mediator of physiological bone regeneration and is clinically approved for selected musculoskeletal interventions. Yet, broad usage of this growth factor is impeded due to side effects that are majorly evoked by high dosages and burst release kinetics. In this study, mesoporous bioactive glass microspheres (MBGs), produced by an aerosol-assisted spray-drying scalable process, were loaded with BMP-2 resulting in prolonged, low-dose BMP-2 release without affecting the material characteristics. In vitro, MBGs were found to be cytocompatible and to induce a pro-osteogenic response in primary human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). In a pre-clinical rodent model, BMP-2 loaded MBGs significantly enhanced bone formation and influenced the microarchitecture of newly formed bone. The MBG carriers alone performed equal to the untreated (empty) control in most parameters tested, while additionally exerting mild pro-angiogenic effects. Using MBGs as a biocompatible, pro-regenerative carrier for local and sustained low dose BMP-2 release could limit side effects, thus enabling a safer usage of BMP-2 as a potent pro-osteogenic growth factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia C. Berkmann
- Julius-Wolff-Institut, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (J.C.B.); (A.X.H.M.); (C.H.B.); (G.N.D.)
- Berlin-Brandenburg School for Regenerative Therapies, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Aaron X. Herrera Martin
- Julius-Wolff-Institut, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (J.C.B.); (A.X.H.M.); (C.H.B.); (G.N.D.)
- Berlin-Brandenburg School for Regenerative Therapies, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Carlotta Pontremoli
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Turin, Italy; (C.P.); (S.F.); (C.V.B.)
| | - Kai Zheng
- Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; (K.Z.); (A.R.B.)
| | - Christian H. Bucher
- Julius-Wolff-Institut, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (J.C.B.); (A.X.H.M.); (C.H.B.); (G.N.D.)
- Berlin-Brandenburg School for Regenerative Therapies, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Agnes Ellinghaus
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Aldo R. Boccaccini
- Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; (K.Z.); (A.R.B.)
| | - Sonia Fiorilli
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Turin, Italy; (C.P.); (S.F.); (C.V.B.)
| | - Chiara Vitale Brovarone
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Turin, Italy; (C.P.); (S.F.); (C.V.B.)
| | - Georg N. Duda
- Julius-Wolff-Institut, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (J.C.B.); (A.X.H.M.); (C.H.B.); (G.N.D.)
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Katharina Schmidt-Bleek
- Julius-Wolff-Institut, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (J.C.B.); (A.X.H.M.); (C.H.B.); (G.N.D.)
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-(0)30-450659209
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BMP9 is a potential therapeutic agent for use in oral and maxillofacial bone tissue engineering. Biochem Soc Trans 2020; 48:1269-1285. [PMID: 32510140 DOI: 10.1042/bst20200376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Oral and maxillofacial surgery is often challenging due to defective bone healing owing to the microbial environment of the oral cavity, the additional involvement of teeth and esthetic concerns. Insufficient bone volume as a consequence of aging and some oral and maxillofacial surgical procedures, such as tumor resection of the jaw, may further impact facial esthetics and cause the failure of certain procedures, such as oral and maxillofacial implantation. Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) 9 (BMP9) is one of the most effective BMPs to induce the osteogenic differentiation of different stem cells. A large cross-talk network that includes the BMP9, Wnt/β, Hedgehog, EGF, TGF-β and Notch signaling pathways finely regulates osteogenesis induced by BMP9. Epigenetic control during BMP9-induced osteogenesis is mainly dependent on histone deacetylases (HDACs), microRNAs (miRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), which adds another layer of complexity. As a result, all these factors work together to orchestrate the molecular and cellular events underlying BMP9-related tissue engineering. In this review, we summarize our current understanding of the SMAD-dependent and SMAD-independent BMP9 pathways, with a particular focus on cross-talk and cross-regulation between BMP9 and other major signaling pathways in BMP9-induced osteogenesis. Furthermore, recently discovered epigenetic regulation of BMP9 pathways and the molecular and cellular basis of the application of BMP9 in tissue engineering in current oral and maxillofacial surgery and other orthopedic-related clinical settings are also discussed.
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Zhou YM, Yang YY, Jing YX, Yuan TJ, Sun LH, Tao B, Liu JM, Zhao HY. BMP9 Reduces Bone Loss in Ovariectomized Mice by Dual Regulation of Bone Remodeling. J Bone Miner Res 2020; 35:978-993. [PMID: 31914211 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.3957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Bone remodeling is dynamic and is tightly regulated through bone resorption dominated by osteoclasts and bone formation dominated by osteoblasts. Imbalances in this process can cause various pathological conditions, such as osteoporosis. Bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9), a biomolecule produced and secreted by the liver, has many pharmacological effects, including anti-liver fibrosis, antitumor, anti-heart failure, and antidiabetic activities. However, the effects of BMP9 on the regulation of osteoblast and osteoclast functions and the underlying molecular mechanism(s) have not yet been investigated. In this study, BMP9 increased the expression of osteoblastogenic gene markers, such as ALP, Cola1, OCN, RUNX2, and OSX, and ALP activity in MC3T3-E1 cells by upregulating LGR6 and activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. BMP9 also suppressed receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclast differentiation of bone marrow macrophages (BMMs) by inhibiting the Akt-NF-κB-NFATc1 pathway. More importantly, in an ovariectomy (OVX) mouse model, BMP9 attenuated bone loss and improved bone biomechanical properties in vivo by increasing bone-forming activity and suppressing bone resorption activity. Accordingly, our current work highlights the dual regulatory effects that BMP9 exerts on bone remodeling by promoting bone anabolic activity and inhibiting osteoclast differentiation in OVX mice. © 2020 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Man Zhou
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Ying Yang
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Xuan Jing
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Tian-Jiao Yuan
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Li-Hao Sun
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Bei Tao
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian-Min Liu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong-Yan Zhao
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai, China
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Zhu S, Ehnert S, Rouß M, Häussling V, Aspera-Werz RH, Chen T, Nussler AK. From the Clinical Problem to the Basic Research-Co-Culture Models of Osteoblasts and Osteoclasts. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19082284. [PMID: 30081523 PMCID: PMC6121694 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone tissue undergoes constant remodeling and healing when fracture happens, in order to ensure its structural integrity. In order to better understand open biological and clinical questions linked to various bone diseases, bone cell co-culture technology is believed to shed some light into the dark. Osteoblasts/osteocytes and osteoclasts dominate the metabolism of bone by a multitude of connections. Therefore, it is widely accepted that a constant improvement of co-culture models with both cell types cultured on a 3D scaffold, is aimed to mimic an in vivo environment as closely as possible. Although in recent years a considerable knowledge of bone co-culture models has been accumulated, there are still many open questions. We here try to summarize the actual knowledge and address open questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Zhu
- Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Siegfried Weller Institute for Trauma Research, Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, BG Trauma Center Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany.
| | - Sabrina Ehnert
- Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Siegfried Weller Institute for Trauma Research, Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, BG Trauma Center Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany.
| | - Marc Rouß
- Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Siegfried Weller Institute for Trauma Research, Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, BG Trauma Center Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany.
| | - Victor Häussling
- Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Siegfried Weller Institute for Trauma Research, Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, BG Trauma Center Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany.
| | - Romina H Aspera-Werz
- Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Siegfried Weller Institute for Trauma Research, Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, BG Trauma Center Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany.
| | - Tao Chen
- Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Siegfried Weller Institute for Trauma Research, Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, BG Trauma Center Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany.
| | - Andreas K Nussler
- Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Siegfried Weller Institute for Trauma Research, Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, BG Trauma Center Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany.
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Winkler T, Sass FA, Duda GN, Schmidt-Bleek K. A review of biomaterials in bone defect healing, remaining shortcomings and future opportunities for bone tissue engineering: The unsolved challenge. Bone Joint Res 2018; 7:232-243. [PMID: 29922441 PMCID: PMC5987690 DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.73.bjr-2017-0270.r1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 226] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite its intrinsic ability to regenerate form and function after injury, bone tissue can be challenged by a multitude of pathological conditions. While innovative approaches have helped to unravel the cascades of bone healing, this knowledge has so far not improved the clinical outcomes of bone defect treatment. Recent findings have allowed us to gain in-depth knowledge about the physiological conditions and biological principles of bone regeneration. Now it is time to transfer the lessons learned from bone healing to the challenging scenarios in defects and employ innovative technologies to enable biomaterial-based strategies for bone defect healing. This review aims to provide an overview on endogenous cascades of bone material formation and how these are transferred to new perspectives in biomaterial-driven approaches in bone regeneration. Cite this article: T. Winkler, F. A. Sass, G. N. Duda, K. Schmidt-Bleek. A review of biomaterials in bone defect healing, remaining shortcomings and future opportunities for bone tissue engineering: The unsolved challenge. Bone Joint Res 2018;7:232–243. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.73.BJR-2017-0270.R1.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Winkler
- Julius Wolff Institute, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - F A Sass
- Julius Wolff Institute, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - G N Duda
- Julius Wolff Institute, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - K Schmidt-Bleek
- Julius Wolff Institute, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
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22
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Schlundt C, Bucher CH, Tsitsilonis S, Schell H, Duda GN, Schmidt-Bleek K. Clinical and Research Approaches to Treat Non-union Fracture. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2018. [PMID: 29536393 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-018-0432-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Impaired healing outcomes or even non-unions after bone injury are still a highly relevant problem in the daily clinical life. Especially within an aging population, the occurrence of bone fractures increases and thus novel treatment approaches to overcome compromised bone regeneration are needed. RECENT FINDINGS The gold standard to treat delayed or non-healing bone injuries is still the use of autologous bone grafts to foster regeneration. Besides its successful treatment outcome, it also has disadvantages: a second surgery is needed in order to harvest the bone material and the material is highly limited. Looking into the recent literature, a multitude of different research approaches were already conducted to identify new possible strategies to treat impaired bone regeneration: application of mesenchymal stromal cells, platelet lysates, growth factors, interference in the immune system, or bone formation stimulation by ultrasound. This review gives an overview of the treatment approaches actually performed in the clinic as well as at the bench in the context of compromised bone healing. It clearly highlights the complexity of the nature of non-healing bone fractures as well as patient-dependent factors influencing the healing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Schlundt
- Julius Wolff Institut and Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian H Bucher
- Julius Wolff Institut and Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Serafeim Tsitsilonis
- Julius Wolff Institut and Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hanna Schell
- Julius Wolff Institut and Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Georg N Duda
- Julius Wolff Institut and Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany.
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Katharina Schmidt-Bleek
- Julius Wolff Institut and Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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23
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Fujioka-Kobayashi M, Abd El Raouf M, Saulacic N, Kobayashi E, Zhang Y, Schaller B, Miron RJ. Superior bone-inducing potential of rhBMP9 compared to rhBMP2. J Biomed Mater Res A 2018; 106:1561-1574. [PMID: 29396910 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Recombinant human bone morphogenic protein (rhBMP) 9 has recently been reported to have more osteopromotive potential in vitro when compared to rhBMP2. The aim of the present study was to investigate the bone-inducing potential of rhBMP2 and rhBMP9. We compared rhBMP2, rhBMP7, and rhBMP9 at five different concentrations and showed convincingly that rhBMP9 possesses much greater potential for osteoblast differentiation even at 20 times lower concentrations in vitro. We further show that Noggin, an inhibitor for rhBMP2-induced osteogenesis, did not alter rhBMP9-induced osteogenesis. Thereafter, we show for the first time that rhBMP9 loaded onto atelo-collagen membranes is osteoinductive and has greater potential to form ectopic bone formation when compared to rhBMP2 even at four times lower doses. Similarly new bone formation of rhBMP2 and 9 when loaded on deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) was investigated in a rabbit calvarial defect. At 8 weeks, both rhBMP2 and rhBMP9 induced significantly higher new bone formation when compared to DBBM alone samples. Interestingly, once again four times lower dose of rhBMP9 group induced comparable or even greater levels of new bone height and new bone area when compared to the rhBMP2 group. The present study revealed that (1) rhBMP9 is capable of inducing ectopic new bone formation in vivo and (2) up to four times lower doses of rhBMP9 may be utilized to regenerate same-size bone defects when compared to rhBMP2. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 1561-1574, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masako Fujioka-Kobayashi
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Mustafa Abd El Raouf
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Nikola Saulacic
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Eizaburo Kobayashi
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Yufeng Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Benoit Schaller
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Richard J Miron
- Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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24
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Characterisation of porous knitted titanium for replacement of intervertebral disc nucleus pulposus. Sci Rep 2017; 7:16611. [PMID: 29192178 PMCID: PMC5709513 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-16863-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Effective restoration of human intervertebral disc degeneration is challenged by numerous limitations of the currently available spinal fusion and arthroplasty treatment strategies. Consequently, use of artificial biomaterial implant is gaining attention as a potential therapeutic strategy. Our study is aimed at investigating and characterizing a novel knitted titanium (Ti6Al4V) implant for the replacement of nucleus pulposus to treat early stages of chronic intervertebral disc degeneration. Specific knitted geometry of the scaffold with a porosity of 67.67 ± 0.824% was used to overcome tissue integration failures. Furthermore, to improve the wear resistance without impairing original mechanical strength, electro-polishing step was employed. Electro-polishing treatment changed a surface roughness from 15.22 ± 3.28 to 4.35 ± 0.87 µm without affecting its wettability which remained at 81.03 ± 8.5°. Subsequently, cellular responses of human mesenchymal stem cells (SCP1 cell line) and human primary chondrocytes were investigated which showed positive responses in terms of adherence and viability. Surface wettability was further enhanced to super hydrophilic nature by oxygen plasma treatment, which eventually caused substantial increase in the proliferation of SCP1 cells and primary chondrocytes. Our study implies that owing to scaffolds physicochemical and biocompatible properties, it could improve the clinical performance of nucleus pulposus replacement.
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25
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Fujioka-Kobayashi M, Kobayashi E, Schaller B, Mottini M, Miron RJ, Saulacic N. Effect of recombinant human bone morphogenic protein 9 (rhBMP9) loaded onto bone grafts versus barrier membranes on new bone formation in a rabbit calvarial defect model. J Biomed Mater Res A 2017; 105:2655-2661. [PMID: 28556436 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Revised: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Recent research has demonstrated that recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 9 (rhBMP9) has been considered the most osteoinductive growth factor of the BMP-family. In the present study, rhBMP9 was investigated for its influence in combination with two biomaterials for bone regenerative medicine. Either porcine-derived collagen membrane (CM) or deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBM) combined with 20 µg of rhBMP9 were implanted in 6 mm rabbit calvarial defects. Bone augmentation was evaluated by microCT and histomorphometry at 8 weeks post-surgery. Both CM + rhBMP9 and DBM + rhBMP9 groups significantly promoted mineralized tissue volume (microCT) and area, new bone height and area (histomorphometric measurements) when compared to CM and DBM alone groups or control (empty). All specimens in the CM + rhBMP9 group but not all in the DBM + rhBMP9 group induced a complete horizontal bone defect closure. Multinucleated giant cells (MNGCs) were observed directly in contact with DBM surfaces irrespective of rhBMP9, whereas CM was generally not associated to the presence of MNGCs. When combined with rhBMP9, DBM augmented a larger volume of mineralized tissue (including the mineralized bone graft), whereas CM induced greater volume of native host bone. While DBM in combination with rhBMP9 induced higher mineralized tissue mostly associated with the bone grafting material, CM may have presented preferable results based on a higher horizontal defect closure with a faster regeneration of host new bone. The effect of including collagen within the carrier system of rhBMP9 on bone regeneration justifies further evaluation of this combination procedure in larger animal models. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 2655-2661, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masako Fujioka-Kobayashi
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Eizaburo Kobayashi
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Life, Dentistry at Niigata, The Nippon Dental University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Benoit Schaller
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Mottini
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Richard J Miron
- Department of Periodontology, College of Dental Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, Florida.,Cell Therapy Institute, Center for Collaborative Research, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, Florida
| | - Nikola Saulacic
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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26
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Ayerst BI, Merry CLR, Day AJ. The Good the Bad and the Ugly of Glycosaminoglycans in Tissue Engineering Applications. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2017; 10:E54. [PMID: 28608822 PMCID: PMC5490411 DOI: 10.3390/ph10020054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
High sulfation, low cost, and the status of heparin as an already FDA- and EMA- approved product, mean that its inclusion in tissue engineering (TE) strategies is becoming increasingly popular. However, the use of heparin may represent a naïve approach. This is because tissue formation is a highly orchestrated process, involving the temporal expression of numerous growth factors and complex signaling networks. While heparin may enhance the retention and activity of certain growth factors under particular conditions, its binding 'promiscuity' means that it may also inhibit other factors that, for example, play an important role in tissue maintenance and repair. Within this review we focus on articular cartilage, highlighting the complexities and highly regulated processes that are involved in its formation, and the challenges that exist in trying to effectively engineer this tissue. Here we discuss the opportunities that glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) may provide in advancing this important area of regenerative medicine, placing emphasis on the need to move away from the common use of heparin, and instead focus research towards the utility of specific GAG preparations that are able to modulate the activity of growth factors in a more controlled and defined manner, with less off-target effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bethanie I Ayerst
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Division of Cell-Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, School of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
| | - Catherine L R Merry
- Stem Cell Glycobiology Group, Wolfson Centre for Stem Cells, Tissue Engineering & Modelling (STEM), Centre for Biomolecular Sciences, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.
| | - Anthony J Day
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Division of Cell-Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, School of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
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27
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Breitkopf-Heinlein K, Meyer C, König C, Gaitantzi H, Addante A, Thomas M, Wiercinska E, Cai C, Li Q, Wan F, Hellerbrand C, Valous NA, Hahnel M, Ehlting C, Bode JG, Müller-Bohl S, Klingmüller U, Altenöder J, Ilkavets I, Goumans MJ, Hawinkels LJAC, Lee SJ, Wieland M, Mogler C, Ebert MP, Herrera B, Augustin H, Sánchez A, Dooley S, Ten Dijke P. BMP-9 interferes with liver regeneration and promotes liver fibrosis. Gut 2017; 66:939-954. [PMID: 28336518 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2016-313314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Revised: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-9, a member of the transforming growth factor-β family of cytokines, is constitutively produced in the liver. Systemic levels act on many organs and tissues including bone and endothelium, but little is known about its hepatic functions in health and disease. DESIGN Levels of BMP-9 and its receptors were analysed in primary liver cells. Direct effects of BMP-9 on hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and hepatocytes were studied in vitro, and the role of BMP-9 was examined in acute and chronic liver injury models in mice. RESULTS Quiescent and activated HSCs were identified as major BMP-9 producing liver cell type. BMP-9 stimulation of cultured hepatocytes inhibited proliferation, epithelial to mesenchymal transition and preserved expression of important metabolic enzymes such as cytochrome P450. Acute liver injury caused by partial hepatectomy or single injections of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) into mice resulted in transient downregulation of hepatic BMP-9 mRNA expression. Correspondingly, LPS stimulation led to downregulation of BMP-9 expression in cultured HSCs. Application of BMP-9 after partial hepatectomy significantly enhanced liver damage and disturbed the proliferative response. Chronic liver damage in BMP-9-deficient mice or in mice adenovirally overexpressing the selective BMP-9 antagonist activin-like kinase 1-Fc resulted in reduced deposition of collagen and subsequent fibrosis. CONCLUSIONS Constitutive expression of low levels of BMP-9 stabilises hepatocyte function in the healthy liver. Upon HSC activation, endogenous BMP-9 levels increase in vitro and in vivo and high levels of BMP-9 cause enhanced damage upon acute or chronic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christoph Meyer
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Courtney König
- Division of Vascular Oncology and Metastasis, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg (DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Haristi Gaitantzi
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Annalisa Addante
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, San Carlos Clinical Hospital Health Research Institute (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Thomas
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and University of Tuebingen, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Eliza Wiercinska
- German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg-Hessen and Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Immunohaematology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Chen Cai
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Beijing You'an Hospital, Affiliated with Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Fengqi Wan
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Claus Hellerbrand
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Nektarios A Valous
- Applied Tumor Immunity Clinical Cooperation Unit, National Center for Tumor Diseases, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maximilian Hahnel
- University Hospital of the Heinrich-Heine University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Christian Ehlting
- University Hospital of the Heinrich-Heine University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Johannes G Bode
- University Hospital of the Heinrich-Heine University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Stephanie Müller-Bohl
- Division Systems Biology of Signal Transduction, DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ursula Klingmüller
- Division Systems Biology of Signal Transduction, DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jutta Altenöder
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Iryna Ilkavets
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Marie-José Goumans
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Centre for Cancer Genomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Lukas J A C Hawinkels
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Centre for Cancer Genomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Se-Jin Lee
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Molecular Biology and Genetics, Baltimore, USA
| | - Matthias Wieland
- Division of Vascular Oncology and Metastasis, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg (DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Carolin Mogler
- Institute of Pathology, Technical University of Munich, München, Germany
| | - Matthias P Ebert
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Blanca Herrera
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, San Carlos Clinical Hospital Health Research Institute (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Hellmut Augustin
- Division of Vascular Oncology and Metastasis, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg (DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Vascular Biology and Tumor Angiogenesis (CBTM), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Aránzazu Sánchez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, San Carlos Clinical Hospital Health Research Institute (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Steven Dooley
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Peter Ten Dijke
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Centre for Cancer Genomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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28
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Ehnert S, Sreekumar V, Aspera-Werz RH, Sajadian SO, Wintermeyer E, Sandmann GH, Bahrs C, Hengstler JG, Godoy P, Nussler AK. TGF-β 1 impairs mechanosensation of human osteoblasts via HDAC6-mediated shortening and distortion of primary cilia. J Mol Med (Berl) 2017; 95:653-663. [PMID: 28271209 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-017-1526-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Revised: 01/29/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) is a critical regulator of bone density owing to its multiple effects on cell growth and differentiation. Recently, we have shown that TGF-β1 effectively blocks bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) induced maturation of osteoblasts by upregulating histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity. The current study aimed at investigating the effect of rhTGF-β1 treatment on the expression of specific HDACs and their cellular effects, e.g., microtubule structures (primary cilia) and mechanosensation. Exposure to TGF-β1 most significantly induced expression of HDAC6 both on gene and protein level. Being most abundant in the cytoplasm HDAC6 effectively deacetylates microtubule structures. Thus, TGF-β1-induced expression of HDAC6 led to deformation and shortening of primary cilia as well as to reduced numbers of ciliated cells. Primary cilia are described to sense mechanical stimuli. Thus, fluid flow was applied to the cells, which stimulated osteoblast function (AP activity and matrix mineralization). Compromised primary cilia in TGF-β1-treated cells were associated with reduced osteogenic function, despite exposure to fluid flow conditions. Chemical inhibition of HDAC6 with Tubacin restored primary cilium structure and length. These cells showed improved osteogenic function especially under fluid flow conditions. Summarizing our results, TGF-β1 impairs human osteoblast maturation partially via HDAC6-mediated distortion and/or shortening of primary cilia. This knowledge opens up new treatment options for trauma patients with chronically elevated TGF-β1-levels (e.g., diabetics), which frequently suffer from delayed fracture healing despite adequate mechanical stimulation. KEY MESSAGES Exposure to TGF-β1 induces expression of HDAC6 in human osteoblasts. TGF-β1 exposed human osteoblasts show less and distorted primary cilia. TGF-β1 exposed human osteoblasts are less sensitive towards mechanical stimulation. Mechanosensation can be recovered by HDAC6 inhibitor Tubacin in human osteoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Ehnert
- Siegfried Weller Institute for trauma research at the BG Trauma Center, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Schnarrenbergstr. 95, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Vrinda Sreekumar
- Siegfried Weller Institute for trauma research at the BG Trauma Center, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Schnarrenbergstr. 95, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Romina H Aspera-Werz
- Siegfried Weller Institute for trauma research at the BG Trauma Center, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Schnarrenbergstr. 95, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sahar O Sajadian
- Siegfried Weller Institute for trauma research at the BG Trauma Center, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Schnarrenbergstr. 95, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Elke Wintermeyer
- Siegfried Weller Institute for trauma research at the BG Trauma Center, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Schnarrenbergstr. 95, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Gunther H Sandmann
- Siegfried Weller Institute for trauma research at the BG Trauma Center, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Schnarrenbergstr. 95, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Christian Bahrs
- Siegfried Weller Institute for trauma research at the BG Trauma Center, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Schnarrenbergstr. 95, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jan G Hengstler
- IfADo-Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors at the Technical University Dortmund, Ardeystraße 67, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Patricio Godoy
- IfADo-Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors at the Technical University Dortmund, Ardeystraße 67, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Andreas K Nussler
- Siegfried Weller Institute for trauma research at the BG Trauma Center, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Schnarrenbergstr. 95, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
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29
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Nakamura T, Shirakata Y, Shinohara Y, Miron RJ, Hasegawa-Nakamura K, Fujioka-Kobayashi M, Noguchi K. Comparison of the effects of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 and -9 on bone formation in rat calvarial critical-size defects. Clin Oral Investig 2017; 21:2671-2679. [PMID: 28197731 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-017-2069-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Among bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) family members, BMP-2 and BMP-9 have demonstrated potent osteoinductive potential. However, in vivo differences in their potential for bone regeneration remain unclear. The present study aimed to compare the effects of recombinant human (rh) BMP-2 and rhBMP-9 on bone formation in rat calvarial critical-size defects (CSD). MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-eight Wistar rats surgically received two calvarial defects bilaterally in each parietal bone. Defects (n = 56) were allocated into four groups: absorbable collagen sponge (ACS) alone, rhBMP-2 with ACS (rhBMP-2/ACS), rhBMP-9/ACS, or sham surgery (control), on the condition that the treatments of rhBMP-2/ACS and rhBMP-9/ACS, or the same treatments were not included in the same animal. Animals were sacrificed at 2 and 8 weeks post-surgery. The calvarial defects were analyzed for bone volume (BV) by micro-computed tomography and for percentages of defect closure (DC/DL), newly formed bone area (NBA/TA), bone marrow area (BMA/NBA), adipose tissue area (ATA/NBA), central bone height (CBH), and marginal bone height (MBH) by histomorphometric analysis. RESULTS The BV in the rhBMP-2/ACS group (5.44 ± 3.65 mm3, n = 7) was greater than the other groups at 2 weeks post-surgery, and the rhBMP-2/ACS and rhBMP-9/ACS groups (18.17 ± 2.51 and 16.30 ± 2.46 mm3, n = 7, respectively) demonstrated significantly greater amounts of BV compared with the control and ACS groups (6.02 ± 2.90 and 9.30 ± 2.75 mm3, n = 7, respectively) at 8 weeks post-surgery. The rhBMP-2/ACS and rhBMP-9/ACS groups significantly induced new bone formation compared to the control and ACS groups at 8 weeks post-surgery. However, there were no statistically significant differences found between the rhBMP-2/ACS and rhBMP-9/ACS groups in any of the histomorphometric parameters. The ATA/NBA in the rhBMP-2/ACS group (9.24 ± 3.72%, n = 7) was the highest among the treatment groups at 8 weeks post-surgery. CONCLUSIONS Within the limits of this study, it can be concluded that rhBMP-2/ACS induced a slight early increase in new bone formation at 2 weeks and that rhBMP-9/ACS provided comparable new bone formation to rhBMP-2/ACS with less adipose tissues after a healing period of 8 weeks in rat CSD. CLINICAL RELEVANCE RhBMP-9/ACS treatment provided new bone formation with less adipose tissues compared with rhBMP-2/ACS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiaki Nakamura
- Department of Periodontology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Shirakata
- Department of Periodontology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan
| | - Yukiya Shinohara
- Department of Periodontology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan
| | - Richard J Miron
- Department of Periodontology, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - Kozue Hasegawa-Nakamura
- Department of Periodontology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan
| | - Masako Fujioka-Kobayashi
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Bern University Hospital, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Oral Surgery, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Noguchi
- Department of Periodontology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan.
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Fujioka-Kobayashi M, Schaller B, Zhang Y, Kandalam U, Hernandez M, Miron RJ. Recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein (rhBMP)9 induces osteoblast differentiation when combined with demineralized freeze-dried bone allografts (DFDBAs) or biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP). Clin Oral Investig 2016; 21:1883-1893. [PMID: 27771827 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-016-1983-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Recently, recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 9 (rhBMP9) has been characterized as one of the most osteogenic growth factors among the 15 human BMPs. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of rhBMP9 in comparison to the clinically utilized rhBMP2 on in vitro cell behavior when combined with two bone graft materials including demineralized freeze-dried bone allografts (DFDBAs) and biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP). MATERIALS AND METHODS The absorption and release kinetics of rhBMPs from DFDBA and BCP were investigated by ELISA. Moreover, murine bone stromal ST2 cell behavior was investigated on DFDBA or BCP seeded on (1) graft only, (2) rhBMP2 (10 ng/ml), (3) rhBMP2 (100 ng/ml), (4) rhBMP9 (10 ng/ml), and (5) rhBMP9 (100 ng/ml). The effects of rhBMPs on DFDBA and BCP were assessed for cell adhesion, proliferation, and osteoblast differentiation by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, alizarin red staining, and real-time PCR for genes encoding Runx2, ALP, and bone sialoprotein (BSP). RESULTS While both BMPs were gradually released from DFDBA and BCP over time, significantly higher adsorption was observed on BCP when compared to DFDBA. Cell attachment and proliferation was higher on BCP with little influence of either rhBMP2/9. Despite rhBMPs having relatively no effect on cell attachment/proliferation, a pronounced and marked effect was observed on osteoblast differentiation for both rhBMP2/9. Interestingly, it was observed that rhBMP9 induced significantly higher ALP activity, alizarin red staining, and messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of ALP and BSP when compared to rhBMP2. Our results also revealed higher differentiation for rhBMP2/9 with BCP when compared to DFDBA most likely as a result of higher growth factor adsorption. CONCLUSION While both rhBMP2/9 combined with DFDBA or BCP induced osteoblast differentiation, rhBMP9 induced greater osteoblast differentiation when compared to rhBMP2. CLINICAL RELEVANCE rhBMP9 may be a recombinant growth factor with higher potential to induce new bone formation when compared to rhBMP2. Further in vivo studies are necessary to characterize its regenerative potential in various animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masako Fujioka-Kobayashi
- Department of Periodontology, College of Dental Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Bern University Hospital, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Oral Surgery, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Benoit Schaller
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Bern University Hospital, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Yufeng Zhang
- Department of Oral Implantology, University of Wuhan, Wuhan, China
| | - Umadevi Kandalam
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - Maria Hernandez
- Department of Periodontology, College of Dental Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - Richard J Miron
- Department of Periodontology, College of Dental Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA.
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Fujioka-Kobayashi M, Schaller B, Saulacic N, Zhang Y, Miron RJ. Growth factor delivery of BMP9 using a novel natural bovine bone graft with integrated atelo-collagen type I: Biosynthesis, characterization, and cell behavior. J Biomed Mater Res A 2016; 105:408-418. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Revised: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Masako Fujioka-Kobayashi
- Department of Periodontology, College of Dental Medicine; Nova Southeastern University; Fort Lauderdale Florida
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery; Bern University Hospital; Inselspital Switzerland
- Department of Oral Surgery; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School; Tokushima Japan
| | - Benoit Schaller
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery; Bern University Hospital; Inselspital Switzerland
| | - Nikola Saulacic
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery; Bern University Hospital; Inselspital Switzerland
| | - Yufeng Zhang
- Department of Oral Implantology; University of Wuhan; China
| | - Richard J. Miron
- Department of Periodontology, College of Dental Medicine; Nova Southeastern University; Fort Lauderdale Florida
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