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Kwong JMK, Caprioli J, Lee JCY, Song Y, Yu FJ, Bian J, Sze YH, Li KK, Do CW, To CH, Lam TC. Differential Responses of Retinal Neurons and Glia Revealed via Proteomic Analysis on Primary and Secondary Retinal Ganglion Cell Degeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12109. [PMID: 37569482 PMCID: PMC10418669 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
To explore the temporal profile of retinal proteomes specific to primary and secondary retinal ganglion cell (RGC) loss. Unilateral partial optic nerve transection (pONT) was performed on the temporal side of the rat optic nerve. Temporal and nasal retinal samples were collected at 1, 4 and 8 weeks after pONT (n = 4 each) for non-biased profiling with a high-resolution hybrid quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry running on label-free SWATHTM acquisition (SCIEX). An information-dependent acquisition ion library was generated using ProteinPilot 5.0 and OneOmics cloud bioinformatics. Combined proteome analysis detected 2531 proteins with a false discovery rate of <1%. Compared to the nasal retina, 10, 25 and 61 significantly regulated proteins were found in the temporal retina at 1, 4, and 8 weeks, respectively (p < 0.05, FC ≥ 1.4 or ≤0.7). Eight proteins (ALDH1A1, TRY10, GFAP, HBB-B1, ALB, CDC42, SNCG, NEFL) were differentially expressed for at least two time points. The expressions of ALDH1A1 and SNCG at nerve fibers were decreased along with axonal loss. Increased ALDH1A1 localization in the inner nuclear layer suggested stress response. Increased GFAP expression demonstrated regional reactivity of astrocytes and Muller cells. Meta-analysis of gene ontology showed a pronounced difference in endopeptidase and peptidase inhibitor activity. Temporal proteomic profiling demonstrates established and novel protein targets associated with RGC damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacky M. K. Kwong
- Ophthalmology, Stein Eye Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (J.C.); (J.C.Y.L.); (Y.S.)
| | - Joseph Caprioli
- Ophthalmology, Stein Eye Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (J.C.); (J.C.Y.L.); (Y.S.)
| | - Joanne C. Y. Lee
- Ophthalmology, Stein Eye Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (J.C.); (J.C.Y.L.); (Y.S.)
| | - Yifan Song
- Ophthalmology, Stein Eye Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (J.C.); (J.C.Y.L.); (Y.S.)
| | - Feng-Juan Yu
- Centre for Myopia Research, School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China; (F.-J.Y.); (J.B.); (Y.-H.S.); (K.-K.L.); (C.-W.D.); (C.-H.T.)
- Research Centre for SHARP Vision (RCSV), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jingfang Bian
- Centre for Myopia Research, School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China; (F.-J.Y.); (J.B.); (Y.-H.S.); (K.-K.L.); (C.-W.D.); (C.-H.T.)
- Research Centre for SHARP Vision (RCSV), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ying-Hon Sze
- Centre for Myopia Research, School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China; (F.-J.Y.); (J.B.); (Y.-H.S.); (K.-K.L.); (C.-W.D.); (C.-H.T.)
| | - King-Kit Li
- Centre for Myopia Research, School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China; (F.-J.Y.); (J.B.); (Y.-H.S.); (K.-K.L.); (C.-W.D.); (C.-H.T.)
| | - Chi-Wai Do
- Centre for Myopia Research, School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China; (F.-J.Y.); (J.B.); (Y.-H.S.); (K.-K.L.); (C.-W.D.); (C.-H.T.)
- Research Centre for SHARP Vision (RCSV), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
- Centre for Eye and Vision Research (CEVR), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, 17W, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chi-Ho To
- Centre for Myopia Research, School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China; (F.-J.Y.); (J.B.); (Y.-H.S.); (K.-K.L.); (C.-W.D.); (C.-H.T.)
- Research Centre for SHARP Vision (RCSV), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
- Centre for Eye and Vision Research (CEVR), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, 17W, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong, China
| | - Thomas Chuen Lam
- Centre for Myopia Research, School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China; (F.-J.Y.); (J.B.); (Y.-H.S.); (K.-K.L.); (C.-W.D.); (C.-H.T.)
- Research Centre for SHARP Vision (RCSV), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
- Centre for Eye and Vision Research (CEVR), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, 17W, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Shenzhen 518052, China
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Wang X, Liu R, Li S, Xia W, Guo H, Yao W, Liang X, Lu Y, Zhang H. The roles, molecular interactions, and therapeutic value of CDK16 in human cancers. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 164:114929. [PMID: 37236028 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinase 16 (CDK16) is an orphan "cyclin-dependent kinase" (CDK) involved in the cell cycle, vesicle trafficking, spindle orientation, skeletal myogenesis, neurite outgrowth, secretory cargo transport, spermatogenesis, glucose transportation, cell apoptosis, cell growth and proliferation, metastasis, and autophagy. Human CDK16 is located on chromosome Xp11.3 and is related to X-linked congenital diseases. CDK16 is commonly expressed in mammalian tissues and may act as an oncoprotein. It is a PCTAIRE kinase in which Cyclin Y or its homologue, Cyclin Y-like 1, regulates activity by binding to the N- and C- terminal regions of CDK16. CDK16 plays a vital role in various cancers, including lung cancer, prostate cancer, breast cancer, malignant melanoma, and hepatocellular carcinoma. CDK16 is a promising biomarker for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. In this review, we summarized and discussed the roles and mechanisms of CDK16 in human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wang
- Cancer Center, Department of Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ruiqi Liu
- Cancer Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Graduate Department, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Shuang Li
- Cancer Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenjie Xia
- General Surgery, Cancer Center, Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haiwei Guo
- Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Center, Cancer Center, Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People' s Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, 310014, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weiping Yao
- Cancer Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Graduate Department, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaodong Liang
- Cancer Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanwei Lu
- Cancer Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Haibo Zhang
- Cancer Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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On the Sensitivity of the Virion Envelope to Lipid Peroxidation. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0300922. [PMID: 36125312 PMCID: PMC9603946 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03009-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging viruses are a public health threat best managed with broad spectrum antivirals. Common viral structures, like capsids or virion envelopes, have been proposed as targets for broadly active antiviral drugs. For example, a number of lipoperoxidators have been proposed to preferentially affect viral infectivity by targeting metabolically inactive enveloped virions while sparing metabolically active cells. However, this presumed preferential virion sensitivity to lipoperoxidation remains untested. To test whether virions are indeed more sensitive to lipoperoxidation than are cells, we analyzed the effects of two classic generic lipoperoxidators: lipophilic 2,2'-azobis(2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile) (AMVN) and hydrophilic 2,2'-azobis(2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride (AAPH) on Vero and human foreskin fibroblasts (HFF) cell viability, HSV-1 plaquing efficiency, and virion and cell lipoperoxidation. Cells or virions were incubated with the lipoperoxidators at 37°C for 2 h or incubated in atmospheric O2, and dose responses (half maximal cytotoxic and effective concentration [CC50 and EC50]) were evaluated by three or four parameter regression. The HSV-1 virions were slightly more sensitive to lipoperoxidators than were the cells (selectivity index [SI], 3.3 to 7.4). The effects of the lipophilic AMVN on both cell and virion viability directly correlated with the extent of membrane lipoperoxidation as evaluated by two different probes, C11-Bodipy and liperfluo. Moreover, the hydrophilic AAPH-induced virion inactivation at lower concentrations than did lipoperoxidation. Known lipoperoxidators inhibit infectivity via lipoperoxidation-independent mechanisms. Antioxidants protected against a loss of viral infectivity by less than 5-fold. Carrier bovine serum albumin (BSA) protected against both peroxidators to a similar extent when present together with the lipoperoxidating agents, suggesting that BSA quenches them as expected. Virions incubated in atmospheric oxidative conditions suffered losses of infectivity that were similar to those of chemically peroxidated virions, and they were protected by water soluble vitamin C and BSA with no evident lipoperoxidation, indicating predominant peroxidative damage to nonlipid virion components. Thus, lipoperoxidation is not a mechanism by which to specifically inhibit the infectivity of enveloped viruses, and the effects of known lipoperoxidators on virion infectivity are not solely mediated by lipoperoxidation. IMPORTANCE Small molecules that induce lipoperoxidation have been proposed repeatedly as potential antiviral drugs based on a presumed unique sensitivity of virions to this type of damage. Several small molecules that inactivate virions without affecting cells have been proposed to act primarily by inducing lipoperoxidation. However, the preferential sensitivity of virions to lipoperoxidators had not been experimentally evaluated. Using two of the best characterized small molecule lipoperoxidators, which are widely considered to be the prototypical water soluble and liposoluble lipoperoxidators, we show that lipoperoxidators have no preference for virions over cells. Moreover, they also inactivate virions by mechanisms other than the induction of lipoperoxidation. Therefore, the general induction of lipoperoxidation is not a path by which to develop antivirals. Moreover, molecules with specific antiviral activity which are not cytotoxic and have no preference to localize to virions over cells are unlikely to act primarily by inducing lipoperoxidation.
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Progress in retinal toxicity research. Arch Toxicol 2022; 96:387-388. [PMID: 35098322 PMCID: PMC8837503 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-022-03222-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Liu ZH, Yang SZ, Li WY, Dong SY, Zhou SY, Xu S. circRNA_141539 can serve as an oncogenic factor in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by sponging miR-4469 and activating CDK3 gene. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:12179-12193. [PMID: 33504681 PMCID: PMC8109109 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The abnormal expression and regulation of circular RNA (circRNA) is involved in the occurrence and development of a variety of tumors. The current study aimed to determine the role of circRNA_141539 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). CircRNA_141539 expression in ESCC was detected via circRNA chip analysis and verified via reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. Associations between circRNA_141539, patient clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis were also statistically analyzed. Additionally, the effects of circRNA_141539 on ESCC cell proliferation and invasion were assessed. A dual-luciferase assay was performed to analyze the interaction between circRNAs, microRNAs (miRs) and mRNAs. The results revealed that circRNA_141539 was significantly up-regulated in patients with ESCC. Furthermore, high circRNA_141539 expressions were significantly associated with TNM stage, differentiation and poor prognosis, revealing high diagnostic value (P<0.05). Furthermore, circRNA_141539 overexpression promoted cell proliferation and invasion, while circRNA_141539 silencing inhibited cell proliferation and invasion (P<0.05). The dual-luciferase reporter assay identified that circRNA_141539 directly binds to miR-4469 and also revealed that cyclin-dependent kinase-3 (CDK3) was negatively regulated by miR-4469. The results indicated that circRNA_141539 served as an oncogenic factor in ESCC by sponging miR-4469 and activating CDK3 expression. circRNA_141539 may present as a novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarker and a therapeutic target for patients with ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Hua Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, He-Ping, Shen-Yang 110001, Liao-Ning Province, China
| | - Shi-Ze Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, He-Ping, Shen-Yang 110001, Liao-Ning Province, China
| | - Wen-Ya Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, He-Ping, Shen-Yang 110001, Liao-Ning Province, China
| | - Si-Yuan Dong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, He-Ping, Shen-Yang 110001, Liao-Ning Province, China
| | - Si-Yu Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, He-Ping, Shen-Yang 110001, Liao-Ning Province, China
| | - Shun Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, He-Ping, Shen-Yang 110001, Liao-Ning Province, China
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Zhu M, Yang L, Shi X, Gong Z, Yu R, Zhang D, Zhang Y, Ma W. TPD7 inhibits the growth of cutaneous T cell lymphoma H9 cell through regulating IL-2R signalling pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 24:984-995. [PMID: 31742861 PMCID: PMC6933353 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
IL‐2R pathway is a key regulator in the development of immune cells and has emerged as a promising drug target in cancer treatment, but there is a scarcity of related inhibitors. TPD7 is a novel biphenyl urea taspine derivate, which has been shown anti‐cancer effect. Here, we demonstrated the anti‐cancer activity of TPD7 in cutaneous T cell lymphoma and investigated the underlying mechanism of TPD7 through IL‐2R signalling. The inhibitory effect of TPD7 on cell viability exhibited a strong correlation with the expression level of IL‐2R, and cutaneous T cell lymphoma H9 and HUT78 cells were most sensitive to TPD7. TPD7 was nicely bound to IL‐2R and down‐regulated the mRNA and protein levels of IL‐2R. Furthermore, TPD7 suppressed the downstream cascades of IL‐2R including JAK/STAT, PI3K/AKT/mTOR and PLCγ/Raf/MAPK signalling, resulting in Bcl‐2 mitochondrial apoptosis pathway and cell cycle proteins CDK/Cyclins regulation. And, these were verified by flow cytometry analysis that TPD7 facilitated cell apoptosis in H9 cells via mitochondrial pathway and impeded cell cycle progression at G2/M phase. TPD7 is a novel anti‐cancer agent and may be a potential candidate for cutaneous T cell lymphoma treatment by regulating IL‐2R signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Liu Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xianpeng Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhengyan Gong
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Runze Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Dongdong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,State Key Laboratory of Shaanxi for Natural Medicines Research and Engineering, Xi'an, China
| | - Yanmin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,State Key Laboratory of Shaanxi for Natural Medicines Research and Engineering, Xi'an, China
| | - Weina Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,State Key Laboratory of Shaanxi for Natural Medicines Research and Engineering, Xi'an, China
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