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Zhang H, Chen Q, Han H, Guo C, Jiang X, Xia Y, Zhang Y, Zhou L, Zhang J, Tian X, Mao L, Qiu J, Zou Z, Chen C. SUMOylation modification of FTO facilitates oxidative damage response of arsenic by IGF2BP3 in an m6A-dependent manner. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 472:134440. [PMID: 38723480 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most common form of internal post-transcriptional methylation observed in eukaryotic mRNAs. The abnormally increased level of m6A within the cells can be catalyzed by specific demethylase fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO) and stay in a dynamic and reversible state. However, whether and how FTO regulates oxidative damage via m6A modification remain largely unclear. Herein, by using both in vitro and in vivo models of oxidative damage induced by arsenic, we demonstrated for the first time that exposure to arsenic caused a significant increase in SUMOylation of FTO protein, and FTO SUMOylation at lysine (K)- 216 site promoted the down-regulation of FTO expression in arsenic target organ lung, and therefore, remarkably elevating the oxidative damage via an m6A-dependent pathway by its specific m6A reader insulin-like growth factor-2 mRNA-binding protein-3 (IGF2BP3). Consequently, these findings not only reveal a novel mechanism underlying FTO-mediated oxidative damage from the perspective of m6A, but also imply that regulation of FTO SUMOylation may serve as potential approach for treatment of oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyang Zhang
- Department of Health Laboratory Technology, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Huifang Han
- Department of Health Laboratory Technology, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Changxin Guo
- Department of Health Laboratory Technology, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuejun Jiang
- Center of Experimental Teaching for Public Health, Experimental Teaching and Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinyin Xia
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunxiao Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Lixiao Zhou
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Molecular Biology Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People's Republic of China; Research center for Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Tian
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lejiao Mao
- Molecular Biology Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingfu Qiu
- Department of Health Laboratory Technology, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People's Republic of China; Research center for Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Zou
- Molecular Biology Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People's Republic of China; Research center for Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chengzhi Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People's Republic of China; Research center for Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People's Republic of China.
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Xie D, Yang K, Xu Y, Li Y, Liu C, Dong Y, Chi J, Yin X. N6-methyladenosine demethylase fat mass and obesity-associated protein suppresses hyperglycemia-induced endothelial cell injury by inhibiting reactive oxygen species formation via autophagy promotion. J Diabetes Complications 2024; 38:108801. [PMID: 38935979 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2024.108801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hyperglycemia-induced endothelial cell injury is one of the main causes of diabetic vasculopathy. Fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO) was the first RNA N6-methyladenosine (m6A) demethylase identified; it participates in the pathogenesis of diabetes. However, the role of FTO in hyperglycemia-induced vascular endothelial cell injury remains unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS The effects of FTO on cellular m6A, autophagy, oxidative stress, proliferation, and cytotoxicity were explored in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) treated with high glucose (33.3 mmol/mL) after overexpression or pharmacological inhibition of FTO. MeRIP-qPCR and RNA stability assays were used to explore the molecular mechanisms by which FTO regulates autophagy. RESULTS High glucose treatment increased m6A levels and reduced FTO protein expression in HUVECs. Wild-type overexpression of FTO markedly inhibited reactive oxygen species generation by promoting autophagy, increasing endothelial cell proliferation, and decreasing the cytotoxicity of high glucose concentrations. The pharmacological inhibition of FTO showed the opposite results. Mechanistically, we identified Unc-51-like kinase 1 (ULK1), a gene responsible for autophagosome formation, as a downstream target of FTO-mediated m6A modification. FTO overexpression demethylated ULK1 mRNA and inhibited its degradation in an m6A-YTHDF2-dependent manner, leading to autophagy activation. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates the functional importance of FTO-mediated m6A modification in alleviating endothelial cell injury under high glucose conditions and indicates that FTO may be a novel therapeutic target for diabetic vascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Xie
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; Department of Cardiology, Central Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Kelaier Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Chunnan Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yanghong Dong
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jinyu Chi
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
| | - Xinhua Yin
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
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Wei Q, Xue C, Li M, Wei J, Zheng L, Chen S, Duan Y, Deng H, Tang F, Xiong W, Zhou M. Ferroptosis: a critical mechanism of N 6-methyladenosine modification involved in carcinogenesis and tumor progression. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2024; 67:1119-1132. [PMID: 38811442 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-023-2474-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent regulatory cell necrosis induced by iron overload and lipid peroxidation. It occurs when multiple redox-active enzymes are ectopically expressed or show abnormal function. Hence, the precise regulation of ferroptosis-related molecules is mediated across multiple levels, including transcriptional, posttranscriptional, translational, and epigenetic levels. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is a highly evolutionarily conserved epigenetic modification in mammals. The m6A modification is commonly linked to tumor proliferation, progression, and therapy resistance because it is involved in RNA metabolic processes. Intriguingly, accumulating evidence suggests that dysregulated ferroptosis caused by the m6A modification drives tumor development. In this review, we summarized the roles of m6A regulators in ferroptosis-mediated malignant tumor progression and outlined the m6A regulatory mechanism involved in ferroptosis pathways. We also analyzed the potential value and application strategies of targeting m6A/ferroptosis pathway in the clinical diagnosis and therapy of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Wei
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Changning Xue
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Mengna Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Jianxia Wei
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Lemei Zheng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oncotarget Gene, Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Shipeng Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Yumei Duan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Hongyu Deng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oncotarget Gene, Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Faqing Tang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oncotarget Gene, Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Ming Zhou
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China.
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China.
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oncotarget Gene, Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China.
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Peggion S, Najem S, Kolman JP, Reinshagen K, Pagerols Raluy L. Revisiting Neuroblastoma: Nrf2, NF-κB and Phox2B as a Promising Network in Neuroblastoma. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:3193-3208. [PMID: 38666930 PMCID: PMC11048850 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46040200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is the most common solid extracranial tumor during childhood; it displays extraordinary heterogeneous clinical courses, from spontaneous regression to poor outcome in high-risk patients due to aggressive growth, metastasizing, and treatment resistance. Therefore, the identification and detailed analysis of promising tumorigenic molecular mechanisms are inevitable. This review highlights the abnormal regulation of NF-κB, Nrf2, and Phox2B as well as their interactions among each other in neuroblastoma. NF-κB and Nrf2 play a key role in antioxidant responses, anti-inflammatory regulation and tumor chemoresistance. Recent studies revealed a regulation of NF-κB by means of the Nrf2/antioxidant response element (ARE) system. On the other hand, Phox2B contributes to the differentiation of immature sympathetic nervous system stem cells: this transcription factor regulates the expression of RET, thereby facilitating cell survival and proliferation. As observed in other tumors, we presume striking interactions between NF-κB, Nrf2, and Phox2B, which might constitute an important crosstalk triangle, whose decompensation may trigger a more aggressive phenotype. Consequently, these transcription factors could be a promising target for novel therapeutic approaches and hence, further investigation on their regulation in neuroblastoma shall be reinforced.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Laia Pagerols Raluy
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
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Chao P, Zhang X, Zhang L, Wang Y, Wusiman M, Aimaijiang G, Chen X, Yang Y. Characterization of the m 6A regulators' landscape highlights the clinical significance of acute myocardial infarction. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1308978. [PMID: 38571952 PMCID: PMC10987706 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1308978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a severe cardiovascular disease that threatens human life and health globally. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) governs the fate of RNAs via m6A regulators. Nevertheless, how m6A regulators affect AMI remains to be deciphered. To solve this issue, an integrative analysis of m6A regulators in AMI was conducted. Methods We acquired transcriptome profiles (GSE59867, GSE48060) of peripheral blood samples from AMI patients and healthy controls. Key m6A regulators were used for LASSO, and consensus clustering was conducted. Next, the m6A score was also computed. Immune cell infiltration, ferroptosis, and oxidative stress were evaluated. In-vitro and in-vivo experiments were conducted to verify the role of the m6A regulator ALKBH5 in AMI. Results Most m6A regulators presented notable expression alterations in circulating cells of AMI patients versus those of controls. Based on key m6A regulators, we established a gene signature and a nomogram for AMI diagnosis and risk prediction. AMI patients were classified into three m6A clusters or gene clusters, respectively, and each cluster possessed the unique properties of m6A modification, immune cell infiltration, ferroptosis, and oxidative stress. Finally, the m6A score was utilized to quantify m6A modification patterns. Therapeutic targeting of ALKBH5 greatly alleviated apoptosis and intracellular ROS in H/R-induced H9C2 cells and NRCMs. Conclusion Altogether, our findings highlight the clinical significance of m6A regulators in the diagnosis and risk prediction of AMI and indicate the critical roles of m6A modification in the regulation of immune cell infiltration, ferroptosis, and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Chao
- Department of Cardiology, People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Homeostasis and Regeneration Research, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Xueqin Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
| | - Miriban Wusiman
- Department of Nephrology, People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
| | - Gulizere Aimaijiang
- Department of Nephrology, People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
| | - Xiaoyang Chen
- Department of Cardiology, People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
| | - Yining Yang
- Department of Cardiology, People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Homeostasis and Regeneration Research, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
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Zhao T, Sun D, Long K, Xiong W, Man J, Zhang Q, Zhang Z. N 6-methyladenosine promotes aberrant redox homeostasis required for arsenic carcinogenesis by controlling the adaptation of key antioxidant enzymes. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 465:133329. [PMID: 38142659 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A), a high-profile RNA epigenetic modification, responds to oxidative stress and temporal-specifically mediates arsenic carcinogenesis. However, how m6A affects aberrant redox homeostasis required for arsenic carcinogenesis is poorly understood. Here, we established arsenic-carcinogenic models of different stages, including As-treated, As-transformed, and As-tumorigenic cell models. We found that arsenic-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) elevated m6A levels, thus triggering m6A-dependent antioxidant defenses. During arsenic-induced cell transformation, METTL3-upregulated m6A on the mRNAs of SOD1, SOD2, CAT, TXN, and GPX1 promoted the mRNA translation and protein expressions of these antioxidant enzymes by increasing YTHDF1-mediated mRNA stability. Meanwhile, FTO-downregulated m6A on PRDX5 mRNA increased PRDX5 translation and expression by reducing YTHDF2-mediated mRNA decay. After upregulated antioxidant defenses balanced with high levels of ROS induced by arsenic, the m6A balance formed in mRNAs of six key antioxidant enzymes (SOD1, SOD2, CAT, TXN, GPX1, and PRDX5) and promoted high expressions of these antioxidant enzymes to maintain aberrant redox homeostasis. METTL3 inhibitor STM2457, FTO inhibitor FB23-2, or YTHDF1 knockdown disturbed the aberrant redox homeostasis by breaking the m6A balance, causing cell death in arsenic-induced tumors. Our results demonstrated that m6A promotes the formation and maintenance of aberrant redox homeostasis required for arsenic carcinogenesis by time-dependently orchestrating the adaptive expressions of six key m6A-targeted antioxidant enzymes. This study advances our understanding of arsenic carcinogenicity from the novel aspect of m6A-dependent adaptation to arsenic-induced oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhe Zhao
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Donglei Sun
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Keyan Long
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wenxiao Xiong
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jin Man
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zunzhen Zhang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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Zhang X, Ma L, Wang J. Cross-Regulation Between Redox and Epigenetic Systems in Tumorigenesis: Molecular Mechanisms and Clinical Applications. Antioxid Redox Signal 2023; 39:445-471. [PMID: 37265163 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2023.0253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Redox and epigenetics are two important regulatory processes of cell physiological functions. The cross-regulation between these processes has critical effects on the occurrence and development of various types of tumors. Recent Advances: The core factor that influences redox balance is reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. The ROS functions as a double-edged sword in tumors: Low levels of ROS promote tumors, whereas excessive ROS induces various forms of tumor cell death, including apoptosis and ferroptosis as well as necroptosis and pyroptosis. Many studies have shown that the redox balance is influenced by epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation, histone modification, chromatin remodeling, non-coding RNAs (microRNA, long non-coding RNA, and circular RNA), and RNA N6-methyladenosine modification. Several oxidizing or reducing substances also affect the epigenetic state. Critical Issues: In this review, we summarize research on the cross-regulation between redox and epigenetics in cancer and discuss the relevant molecular mechanisms. We also discuss the current research on the clinical applications. Future Directions: Future research can use high-throughput methods to analyze the molecular mechanisms of the cross-regulation between redox and epigenetics using both in vitro and in vivo models in more detail, elucidate regulatory mechanisms, and provide guidance for clinical treatment. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 39, 445-471.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
- Shanghai Institute of Thoracic Oncology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Lifang Ma
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
- Shanghai Institute of Thoracic Oncology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Jiayi Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
- Shanghai Institute of Thoracic Oncology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
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Sun Y, Liu G, Li M, Wang L, He Z, Gu S. Study on the Correlation Between Regulatory Proteins of N 6-methyladenosine and Oxidative Damage in Cadmium-induced Renal Injury. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:2294-2302. [PMID: 35794303 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03345-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
As a common environmental heavy metal pollutant, cadmium has been well evidenced to cause kidney damage; yet, the underlying mechanisms are still not fully clarified. In this study, cell viability of human renal tubular epithelial cell (HK-2) was determined by CCK-8 assay after treatment with CdSO4. Then, apoptotic morphology of cells was observed by Hoechst staining and level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was detected by fluorescent probes. Subsequently, mRNA levels of Nrf2, HO-1, m6A methyltransferases (METTL3, METTL14, METTL16, WATP), m6A demethylases (FTO, ALKBH5), m6A methyl-binding proteins (YTHDF1, YTHDF2, YTHDF3, YTHDC1, YTHDC2) were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), closely followed by correlation analysis between Nrf2 mRNA levels and m6A methyltransferases and demethylases. Lastly, protein expressions of Nrf2, METTL3, and FTO were tested by western blotting assay. The detection results demonstrated that the treatment of CdSO4 decreased viability while increased apoptosis rate. The Nrf2 mRNA level in CdSO4-treated cells was significantly increased when compared with that in the control cells, and the HO-1 mRNA level elevated with the increasing of CdSO4 concentrations. In addition, mRNA levels of METTL3, METTL14, METTL16, WTAP, FTO, and methyl-binding proteins in CdSO4-treated cells were all higher than those in corresponding control cells. Further determination showed that protein expressions of Nrf2, METTL3, and FTO were also upregulation under the treatment of CdSO4. Lastly, correlation analysis indicated that mRNA level of Nrf2 was positively correlated with mRNA levels of m6A methyltransferases and demethylases. In a word, our results demonstrated that the molecular changes of Nrf2 signaling pathway are correlated with the levels of m6A regulatory proteins, suggesting that there may be a regulatory relationship between Nrf2 signaling pathway and m6A regulatory proteins in the process of cadmium-induced renal cell cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Sun
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Dali University, No. 22, Wanhua Road, Dali, 671000, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Guofen Liu
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Dali University, No. 22, Wanhua Road, Dali, 671000, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengzhu Li
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Dali University, No. 22, Wanhua Road, Dali, 671000, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Wang
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Dali University, No. 22, Wanhua Road, Dali, 671000, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zuoshun He
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Dali University, No. 22, Wanhua Road, Dali, 671000, Yunnan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shiyan Gu
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Dali University, No. 22, Wanhua Road, Dali, 671000, Yunnan, People's Republic of China.
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Tian MQ, Li J, Shu XM, Lang CH, Chen J, Peng LY, Lei WT, Yang CJ. The increase of Nrf2 m6A modification induced by FTO downregulation promotes hippocampal neuron injury and aggravates the progression of epilepsy in a rat model. Synapse 2023; 77:e22270. [PMID: 37122072 DOI: 10.1002/syn.22270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Epilepsy is a common chronic neurological disorder characterized by widespread neuronal death. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) m6A methylation in epilepsy. To create epileptic models, the rats were given Lithium chloride and pilocarpine, and isolated primary rat hippocampal neurons were cultured in an Mg2+ -free medium. The frequency of seizures was recorded in the epilepsy group of rats. The functional tests included TUNEL, MTT, and flow cytometry. Mechanistically, RNA degradation assay, RNA immunoprecipitation, and methylated RNA immunoprecipitation were performed. In epileptic models, Nrf2 and fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) levels were downregulated, whereas YT521-B homology (YTH) domain family protein 2 (YTHDF2) was upregulated. Additionally, in epileptic models, there was a rise in the m6A methylation level of Nrf2 mRNA. Overexpressing FTO increased cell viability and reduced apoptosis, but Nrf2 interference reversed these effects. Meanwhile, FTO overexpression decreased the m6A methylation of Nrf2 mRNA. Moreover, YTHDF2 bound to Nrf2 mRNA and decreased its stability. Furthermore, FTO overexpression reduced seizure frequency in rats and inhibited hippocampal neuron apoptosis via lowering the m6A methylation level of Nrf2 mRNA. Overexpressing FTO reduced m6A methylation of Nrf2 mRNA, increased cell viability, suppressed apoptosis, and slowed the progression of epileptic diseases, which is linked to YTHDF2 binding to m6A-modified Nrf2 and promoting its degradation, as well as downregulating Nrf2 expression in hippocampal neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao-Qiang Tian
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Department of Pediatrics, Guizhou Children's Hospital, Zunyi, China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Department of Pediatrics, Guizhou Children's Hospital, Zunyi, China
| | - Xiao-Mei Shu
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Department of Pediatrics, Guizhou Children's Hospital, Zunyi, China
| | - Chang-Hui Lang
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Department of Pediatrics, Guizhou Children's Hospital, Zunyi, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Department of Pediatrics, Guizhou Children's Hospital, Zunyi, China
| | - Long-Ying Peng
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Department of Pediatrics, Guizhou Children's Hospital, Zunyi, China
| | - Wen-Ting Lei
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Department of Pediatrics, Guizhou Children's Hospital, Zunyi, China
| | - Chang-Jian Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Department of Pediatrics, Guizhou Children's Hospital, Zunyi, China
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10
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Xiang S, Wang Y, Lei D, Luo Y, Peng D, Zong K, Liu Y, Huang Z, Mo S, Pu X, Zheng J, Wu Z. Donor graft METTL3 gene transfer ameliorates rat liver transplantation ischemia-reperfusion injury by enhancing HO-1 expression in an m 6A-dependent manner. Clin Immunol 2023; 251:109325. [PMID: 37030526 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2023.109325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/10/2023]
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is one of the most common complications in liver transplantation. METTL3 regulates inflammation and various cellular stress responses via modulating RNA m6A modification level. Here, the study aimed to investigate the role and mechanism of METTL3 in IRI after rat orthotopic liver transplantation. Firstly, m6A dot blot assay showed that total RNA m6A modification level in grafts was down-regulated, which echoed with the downregulation of METTL3. Furthermore, METTL3 pretreatment in donor significantly reduced liver grafts necrosis formation, apoptosis, improved liver function and depressed the proinflammatory cytokine/chemokine expression. Mechanistically, western blot and immunohistochemical showed that METTL3 inhibited apoptosis via upregulating HO-1. Moreover, MeRIP-qPCR assay revealed that METTL3 promoted HO-1 expression in an m6A-dependent manner. Additionally, METTL3 alleviated primary hepatocytes apoptosis by upregulating HO-1 under hypoxia/reoxygenation condition. Taken together, these results demonstrated that METTL3 exerted a cytoprotective role against IRI via inducing HO-1 in an m6A-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Xiang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yihua Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dengliang Lei
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yunhai Luo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dadi Peng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kezhen Zong
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yanyao Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zuotian Huang
- Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Shaojiang Mo
- Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Xingyu Pu
- Department of Liver Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jinli Zheng
- Department of Liver Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhongjun Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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11
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Wu Q, You L, Wu W, Long M, Kuca K. Mycotoxins: Emerging toxic mechanisms, and unanswered research questions. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 174:113673. [PMID: 36796619 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.113673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Recently, a series of toxic mechanisms have been explored in mycotoxins. Emerging evidence show that mycotoxins may induce human neurodegenerative diseases (ND); however, this idea is still unproven. Besides to identify this hypothesis, some questions, for example, how the mycotoxins induce this disease and what the molecular mechanism is, as well as whether the brain-gut axis is involved in this context, should be answered. Very recent studies further reported an "immune evasion" mechanism in trichothecenes; moreover, hypoxia seems to play important function in this process; nevertheless, whether this "immune evasion" process is present in other mycotoxins, especially in aflatoxins, should be tested. In this work, we mainly discussed some key scientific questions that need to be answered in the toxic mechanisms of mycotoxins. We especially focused on the research questions in the key signaling pathways, balance mechanism of immunostimulatory and immunosuppressive effects, and the relationship between autophagy and apoptosis. Interesting topics such as mycotoxins and aging, cytoskeleton and immunotoxicity are also discussed. More importantly, we compile a special issue: "New insight into mycotoxins and bacterial toxins: toxicity assessment, molecular mechanism and food safety" for Food and Chemical Toxicology. Researchers are encouraged to submit their newest work to this special issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghua Wu
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, China; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, 50003, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
| | - Li You
- College of Physical Education and Health, Chongqing College of International Business and Economics, Chongqing, 401520, China
| | - Wenda Wu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, 50003, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
| | - Miao Long
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, 50003, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
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12
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Ji D, Hu C, Ning J, Ying X, Zhang H, Zhang B, Liu B, Liu Q, Ji W, Zhang R. N 6-methyladenosine mediates Nrf2 protein expression involved in PM2.5-induced pulmonary fibrosis. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 254:114755. [PMID: 36917877 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
It has been reported that particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of <2.5 µm (PM2.5) could induce epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)- and extracellular matrix (ECM)-related pulmonary fibrosis (PF). The transcription factor Nrf2 alleviated PM2.5-induced PF by antagonizing oxidative stress. The N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification plays a significant role in the stress response. However, the effect of m6A modification on the mechanisms of Nrf2-mediated defense against PM2.5-induced PF remained unknown. Here, we explored the role and the underlying molecular mechanisms of m6A methylation of Nrf2 mRNA in PM2.5-induced PF. We established filtered air (FA), unfiltered air (UA), and concentrated PM2.5 air (CA) group mice model and 0, 50, and 100 μg/mL PM2.5-treated 16HBE cell models. The extent of lung fibrosis in mice and fibrosis indicators were detected by histopathological analysis, immunohistochemical staining and western blotting. The molecular mechanism of m6A-modified Nrf2 was demonstrated by m6A-methylated RNA immunoprecipitation (MeRIP), RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), qRT-PCR and T3 ligase-based PCR. Our data showed that PM2.5 exposure for 16 weeks could induce pulmonary fibrosis and activate Nrf2 signaling pathway. m6A methyltransferase METTL3 was upregulated after PM2.5 treatment in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, METTL3 mediated m6A modification of Nrf2 mRNA and promoted Nrf2 translation in mice and 16HBE cells after PM2.5 exposure. Mechanistically, three m6A-modified sites (1317, 1376 and 935; numbered relative to the first nucleotide of 3'UTR) of Nrf2 mRNA were identified in PM2.5-treatment 16HBE cells. Furthermore, the m6A binding proteins YTHDF1/IGF2BP1 promoted Nrf2 translation by binding to m6A residues of Nrf2 mRNA. Our results revealed the mechanism of m6A mediated Nrf2 signaling pathway against oxidative stress, which affected the development of PM2.5-induced PF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding Ji
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China; Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Chenxi Hu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China; Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Jie Ning
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China
| | - Xiaoling Ying
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Haiqing Zhang
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Bohan Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China
| | - Bixia Liu
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Qingping Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China
| | - Weidong Ji
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China.
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13
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Ponzetti M, Rucci N, Falone S. RNA methylation and cellular response to oxidative stress-promoting anticancer agents. Cell Cycle 2023; 22:870-905. [PMID: 36648057 PMCID: PMC10054233 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2023.2165632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Disruption of the complex network that regulates redox homeostasis often underlies resistant phenotypes, which hinder effective and long-lasting cancer eradication. In addition, the RNA methylome-dependent control of gene expression also critically affects traits of cellular resistance to anti-cancer agents. However, few investigations aimed at establishing whether the epitranscriptome-directed adaptations underlying acquired and/or innate resistance traits in cancer could be implemented through the involvement of redox-dependent or -responsive signaling pathways. This is unexpected mainly because: i) the effectiveness of many anti-cancer approaches relies on their capacity to promote oxidative stress (OS); ii) altered redox milieu and reprogramming of mitochondrial function have been acknowledged as critical mediators of the RNA methylome-mediated response to OS. Here we summarize the current state of understanding on this topic, as well as we offer new perspectives that might lead to original approaches and strategies to delay or prevent the problem of refractory cancer and tumor recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Ponzetti
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Nadia Rucci
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Stefano Falone
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
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14
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Zhu X, Fu H, Sun J, Xu Q. Interaction between N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification and environmental chemical-induced diseases in various organ systems. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 373:110376. [PMID: 36736874 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
A wide variety of chemicals are ubiquitous in the environment and thus exposure to these environmental chemicals poses a serious threat to public health. Particularly, environmental factors such as air pollution, heavy metals, and endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) can lead to diseases in various organ systems. Recent research in environmental epigenetics has demonstrated that N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification is a key mechanism of environment-related diseases. m6A modification is the most abundant chemical modification in mRNAs, which can specifically regulate gene expression by affecting RNA translation, stability, processing, and nuclear export. In this review, we discussed how environmental chemicals affected m6A modification and mediated environment-related disease occurrence by classifying the diseases of various systems. Here, we conclude that environmental chemicals alter the levels of m6A and its modulators, which then participate in the occurrence of diseases in various systems by regulating gene expression and downstream signaling pathways such as METTL3/m6A ZBTB4/YTHDF2/EZH2, Foxo3a/FTO/m6A ephrin-B2/YTHDF2, and HIF1A/METTL3/m6A BIRC5/IGF2BP3/VEGFA. Considering the significant role of m6A and its modulators in response to environmental chemicals, they are expected to be used as biomarkers of environment-related diseases. Additionally, targeting m6A modulators using small molecule inhibitors and activators is expected to be a new method for the treatment of environment-related diseases. This review systematically and comprehensively clarifies the important role of m6A in diseases caused by environmental chemicals, thus establishing a scientific basis for the treatment of diseases in various organ systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, No. 87 Ding jia qiao Road, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Haowei Fu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, No. 87 Ding jia qiao Road, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Jiahui Sun
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, No. 87 Ding jia qiao Road, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Qian Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, No. 87 Ding jia qiao Road, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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Sun J, Li M, Xiong Y, Zhai L, Zhao J. Oxidative Stress Mediated by N6-Methyladenosine Methylation Contributes to High-Fat Diet Induced Male Reproductive Dysfunction. Mol Nutr Food Res 2023; 67:e2101052. [PMID: 36738079 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202101052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the mechanism of oxidative stress mediated by N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation contributing to high fat diet-induced reproductive dysfunction. RESULTS In vivo, compared with those in the Control group, the sperm count and sperm motility decrease significantly; the testosterone, luteinizing hormone levels, hyaluronidase, acrosomal enzyme levels, and total antioxidant capacity decrease significantly; malondialdehyde increases significantly in the DIO and DIO-R groups. The expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), and NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1 (NQO1) decreases significantly in the DIO and DIO-R groups; m6A levels in testis tissue in the DIO and DIO-R groups increase; the enrichment of m6A-modified Nrf2 mRNA in testis in the DIO group and DIO-R group increases significantly. Also the m6A regulatory proteins increase significantly in the DIO group and DIO-R group. In vitro, compared to palmitic acid treated cells, the reactive oxygen species (ROS) level significantly decreases in STM2457, S-Adenosylhomocysteine treated cells and YTHDC2, YTHDF2 gene silence cells; however, Nrf2 expression increases in all treated cells. In addition, m6A expression decreases. CONCLUSIONS Oxidative stress mediates by methylation of m6A may contribute to high fat diet-induced male reproductive dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No.103, Wenhua Rd, Shenhe Dist, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Mujiao Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No.103, Wenhua Rd, Shenhe Dist, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Yuting Xiong
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No.103, Wenhua Rd, Shenhe Dist, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Lingling Zhai
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenbei District, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Jian Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No.103, Wenhua Rd, Shenhe Dist, Shenyang, 110016, China
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Verghese M, Wilkinson E, He Y. Role of RNA modifications in carcinogenesis and carcinogen damage response. Mol Carcinog 2023; 62:24-37. [PMID: 35560957 PMCID: PMC9653521 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The field of epitranscriptomics encompasses the study of post-transcriptional RNA modifications and their regulatory enzymes. Among the numerous RNA modifications, N6 -methyladenosine (m6 A) has been identified as the most common internal modification of messenger RNA (mRNA). Although m6 A modifications were first discovered in the 1970s, advances in technology have revived interest in this field, driving an abundance of research into the role of RNA modifications in various biological processes, including cancer. As analogs to epigenetic modifications, RNA modifications also play an important role in carcinogenesis by regulating gene expression post-transcriptionally. A growing body of evidence suggests that carcinogens can modulate RNA modifications to alter the expression of oncogenes or tumor suppressors during cellular transformation. Additionally, the expression and activity of the enzymes that regulate RNA modifications can be dysregulated and contribute to carcinogenesis, making these enzymes promising targets of drug discovery. Here we summarize the roles of RNA modifications during carcinogenesis induced by exposure to various environmental carcinogens, with a main focus on the roles of the most widely studied m6 A mRNA methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Verghese
- Department of Medicine, Section of DermatologyUniversity of ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
- Pritzker School of MedicineUniversity of ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Emma Wilkinson
- Department of Medicine, Section of DermatologyUniversity of ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
- Committee on Cancer BiologyUniversity of ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Yu‐Ying He
- Department of Medicine, Section of DermatologyUniversity of ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
- Committee on Cancer BiologyUniversity of ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
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17
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Feng Y, Liu T, Xu S, Ren Y, Ge Y, Yin L, Pu Y, Liang G. The role of N6-methyladenosine methylation in environmental exposure-induced health damage. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:69153-69175. [PMID: 35951238 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22093-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The health risks caused by environmental pollution have long been of substantial concern. With the development of epigenetics, a large number of studies have demonstrated that N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification is involved in the regulation of various important life activities associated with various diseases. Recent studies have revealed that m6A plays a key role in health damage caused by environmental exposure by regulating post-transcriptional gene expression. Therefore, our study outlined the effects of environmental pollutant exposure on m6A methylation and its regulator levels. Moreover, we found that m6A methylation modifications were involved in the development of various health damages by regulating important life activities in vivo, such as reactive oxygen species imbalance, apoptosis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and inflammatory processes. More importantly, we delved into the regulatory mechanisms of m6A methylation dysregulation in environmental pollution-induced diseases. Finally, by examining the published literature, we found that methyltransferase-like protein 3 (METTL3) and fat mass- and obesity-associated protein (FTO) were potentially used as biomarkers of health damage induced by particulate matter exposure and heavy metal exposure, respectively. The current studies on regulators of METTL3 and FTO were more promising to bring new perspectives for the treatment of environmental health-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlu Feng
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Tong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Siyi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiyi Ren
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiling Ge
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Lihong Yin
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuepu Pu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Geyu Liang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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18
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Multilevel regulation of N6-methyladenosine RNA modifications: Implications in tumorigenesis and therapeutic opportunities. Genes Dis 2022. [PMID: 37492716 PMCID: PMC10363589 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2022.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA modification is widely perceived as the most abundant and common modification in transcripts. This modification is dynamically regulated by specific m6A "writers", "erasers" and "readers" and is reportedly involved in the occurrence and development of many diseases. Since m6A RNA modification was discovered in the 1970s, with the progress of relevant research technologies, an increasing number of functions of m6A have been reported, and a preliminary understanding of m6A has been obtained. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms through which m6A RNA modification is regulated from the perspectives of expression, posttranslational modification and protein interaction. In addition, we also summarize how external and internal environmental factors affect m6A RNA modification and its functions in tumors. The mechanisms through which m6A methylases, m6A demethylases and m6A-binding proteins are regulated are complicated and have not been fully elucidated. Therefore, we hope to promote further research in this field by summarizing these mechanisms and look forward to the future application of m6A in tumors.
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The Potential Role of m6A in the Regulation of TBI-Induced BGA Dysfunction. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11081521. [PMID: 36009239 PMCID: PMC9405408 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The brain–gut axis (BGA) is an important bidirectional communication pathway for the development, progress and interaction of many diseases between the brain and gut, but the mechanisms remain unclear, especially the post-transcriptional regulation of BGA after traumatic brain injury (TBI). RNA methylation is one of the most important modifications in post-transcriptional regulation. N6-methyladenosine (m6A), as the most abundant post-transcriptional modification of mRNA in eukaryotes, has recently been identified and characterized in both the brain and gut. The purpose of this review is to describe the pathophysiological changes in BGA after TBI, and then investigate the post-transcriptional bidirectional regulation mechanisms of TBI-induced BGA dysfunction. Here, we mainly focus on the characteristics of m6A RNA methylation in the post-TBI BGA, highlight the possible regulatory mechanisms of m6A modification in TBI-induced BGA dysfunction, and finally discuss the outcome of considering m6A as a therapeutic target to improve the recovery of the brain and gut dysfunction caused by TBI.
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20
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Zhang S, Duan S, Xie Z, Bao W, Xu B, Yang W, Zhou L. Epigenetic Therapeutics Targeting NRF2/KEAP1 Signaling in Cancer Oxidative Stress. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:924817. [PMID: 35754474 PMCID: PMC9218606 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.924817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) and its negative regulator kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1) regulate various genes involved in redox homeostasis, which protects cells from stress conditions such as reactive oxygen species and therefore exerts beneficial effects on suppression of carcinogenesis. In addition to their pivotal role in cellular physiology, accumulating innovative studies indicated that NRF2/KEAP1-governed pathways may conversely be oncogenic and cause therapy resistance, which was profoundly modulated by epigenetic mechanism. Therefore, targeting epigenetic regulation in NRF2/KEAP1 signaling is a potential strategy for cancer treatment. In this paper, the current knowledge on the role of NRF2/KEAP1 signaling in cancer oxidative stress is presented, with a focus on how epigenetic modifications might influence cancer initiation and progression. Furthermore, the prospect that epigenetic changes may be used as therapeutic targets for tumor treatment is also investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunhao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Sining Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhuojun Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wanlin Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Xu
- Department of Stomatology, Panzhihua Central Hospital, Panzhihua, China
| | - Wenbin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Medical Affairs, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lingyun Zhou
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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21
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Dietary Phytochemicals Targeting Nrf2 to Enhance the Radiosensitivity of Cancer. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:7848811. [PMID: 35368867 PMCID: PMC8967572 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7848811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays, cancer has become the second leading cause of death worldwide. Radiotherapy (RT) is the mainstay in management of carcinoma; however, overcoming radioresistance remains a great challenge to successfully treat cancer. Nrf2 is a key transcription factor that is responsible for maintaining cellular redox homeostasis. Activation of Nrf2 signaling pathway could upregulate multifarious antioxidant and detoxifying enzymes, further scavenging excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS). Despite its cytoprotective roles in normal cells, it could also alleviate oxidative stress and DNA damage caused by RT in cancer cells, thus promoting cancer cell survival. Accumulating evidence indicates that overactivation of Nrf2 is associated with radioresistance; therefore, targeting Nrf2 is a promising strategy to enhance radiosensitivity. Dietary phytochemicals coming from natural products are characterized by low cost, low toxicity, and general availability. Numerous phytochemicals are reported to regulate Nrf2 and intensify the killing capability of RT through diverse mechanisms, including promoting oxidative stress, proapoptosis, and proautophagy as well as inhibiting Nrf2-mediated cytoprotective genes expression. This review summarizes recent advances in radiosensitizing effects of dietary phytochemicals by targeting Nrf2 and discusses the underlying mechanisms, including N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification of Nrf2 mediated by phytochemicals in cancer.
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22
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Zhi Y, Zhang S, Zi M, Wang Y, Liu Y, Zhang M, Shi L, Yan Q, Zeng Z, Xiong W, Zhi K, Gong Z. Potential applications of N 6 -methyladenosine modification in the prognosis and treatment of cancers via modulating apoptosis, autophagy, and ferroptosis. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. RNA 2022; 13:e1719. [PMID: 35114735 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
N6 -methyladenosine (m6 A) is one of the most abundant modifications determining the fate of RNA. Currently, m6 A modification is tightly connected with tumorigenesis and presents novel promise in clinical applications. Regulated cell death (RCD) is a programmed mechanism that plays a complicated role in malignant transition. Regarding the main forms of RCD, aberrant levels of m6 A modification have been detected during the progression of apoptosis, autophagy, ferroptosis, necroptosis, and pyroptosis in several diseases. However, few reviews have elucidated the correlation between m6 A-modified RCD and carcinogenesis. In this review, we summarize the regulators of m6 A methylation and their functions in carcinogenesis through an overview of m6 A-modified RCD. Additionally, we assume the potential role of m6 A modification regulators as novel biomarkers for chemotherapies and precision medicine. Furthermore, we review the controversies and conflicts in m6 A explorations and predict future orientations of m6 A-modified RCD for clinical applications. This article is categorized under: Regulatory RNAs/RNAi/Riboswitches > Regulatory RNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Moxin Zi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yuhang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Mi Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qijia Yan
- Department of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhaoyang Zeng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Keqian Zhi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Zhaojian Gong
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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23
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METTL3-m 6A-Rubicon axis inhibits autophagy in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Mol Ther 2022; 30:932-946. [PMID: 34547464 PMCID: PMC8821937 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2021.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) mRNA modification plays critical roles in various biological events and is involved in multiple complex diseases. However, the role of m6A modification in autophagy in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) remains largely unknown. Here, we report that m6A modification was increased in livers of NAFLD mouse models and in free fatty acid (FFA)-treated hepatocytes, and the abnormal m6A modification was attributed to the upregulation of methyltransferase like 3 (METTL3) induced by lipotoxicity. Knockdown of METTL3 promoted hepatic autophagic flux and clearance of lipid droplets (LDs), while overexpression of METTL3 inhibited these processes. Mechanistically, METTL3 directly bound to Rubicon mRNA and mediated the m6A modification, while YTH N6-methyladenosine RNA binding protein 1 (YTHDF1), as a partner of METTL3, interacted with the m6A-marked Rubicon mRNA and promoted its stability. Subsequently, RUBICON inhibited autophagosome-lysosome fusion and further blocked clearance of LDs. Taken together, our results showed a critical role of METTL3 and YTHDF1 in regulating lipid metabolism via the autophagy pathway and provided a novel insight into m6A mRNA methylation in NAFLD.
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24
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Molina-Pintor I, Rojas-García A, Medina-Díaz I, Barrón-Vivanco B, Bernal-Hernández Y, Ortega-Cervantes L, Ramos A, Herrera-Moreno J, González-Arias C. An update on genotoxic and epigenetic studies of fumonisin B1. WORLD MYCOTOXIN J 2021. [DOI: 10.3920/wmj2021.2720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Fumonisins (FBs), a widespread group of mycotoxins produced by Fusarium spp., are natural contaminants in cereals and foodstuffs. Fumonisin B1 (FB1) is the most toxic and prevalent mycotoxin of this group, and it has been reported that FB1 accounts for 70-80% of FBs produced by the mycotoxigenic strains. The mode of action of FB1 depends on the structural similarity with sphinganine/sphingosine N-acyltransferase. This fact causes an accumulation of sphingoid bases and blocks the sphingolipid biosynthesis or the function of sphingolipids. Diverse toxic effects and diseases such as hepatocarcinogenicity, hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, and cytotoxicity have been reported, and diseases like leukoencephalomalacia in horses and pulmonary oedema in horses and swine have been described. In humans, FBs have been associated with oesophageal cancer, liver cancer, neural tube defects, and infantile growth delay. However, despite the International Agency for Research on Cancer designated FB1 as a possibly carcinogenic to humans, its genotoxicity and epigenetic properties have not been clearly elucidated. This review aims to summarise the progress in research about the genotoxic and epigenetics effects of FB1.
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Affiliation(s)
- I.B. Molina-Pintor
- Laboratorio de Contaminación y Toxicología Ambiental, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Los fresnos s/n. Tepic, Nayarit C.P. 63155, México
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológico Agropecuarias, Unidad Académica de Agricultura, Km. 9 Carretera Tepic-Compostela, Xalisco, Nayarit, Mexico
| | - A.E. Rojas-García
- Laboratorio de Contaminación y Toxicología Ambiental, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Los fresnos s/n. Tepic, Nayarit C.P. 63155, México
| | - I.M. Medina-Díaz
- Laboratorio de Contaminación y Toxicología Ambiental, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Los fresnos s/n. Tepic, Nayarit C.P. 63155, México
| | - B.S. Barrón-Vivanco
- Laboratorio de Contaminación y Toxicología Ambiental, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Los fresnos s/n. Tepic, Nayarit C.P. 63155, México
| | - Y.Y. Bernal-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Contaminación y Toxicología Ambiental, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Los fresnos s/n. Tepic, Nayarit C.P. 63155, México
| | - L. Ortega-Cervantes
- Laboratorio de Contaminación y Toxicología Ambiental, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Los fresnos s/n. Tepic, Nayarit C.P. 63155, México
| | - A.J. Ramos
- Food Technology Department, Lleida University, UTPV-XaRTA, Agrotecnio Center, Av. Rovira Roure 191, Lleida, 25198, Spain
| | - J.F. Herrera-Moreno
- Laboratory of Precision Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 630 west 168th Street, P&S Building Room 16-416, New York, NY, USA
| | - C.A. González-Arias
- Laboratorio de Contaminación y Toxicología Ambiental, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Los fresnos s/n. Tepic, Nayarit C.P. 63155, México
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25
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Ghazi T, Chuturgoon AA. Mycotoxins exacerbate HIV infection: the potential of N 6-methyladenosine RNA methylation. Epigenomics 2021; 13:1905-1908. [PMID: 34657481 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2021-0363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Terisha Ghazi
- Discipline of Medical Biochemistry, School of Laboratory Medicine & Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4041, South Africa
| | - Anil A Chuturgoon
- Discipline of Medical Biochemistry, School of Laboratory Medicine & Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4041, South Africa
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26
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Arumugam T, Chuturgoon AA. Toxicoepigenetic consequences of fumonisin B 1 exposure: current knowledge and future perspective. Epigenomics 2021; 13:1849-1852. [PMID: 34647484 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2021-0329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Thilona Arumugam
- Discipline of Medical Biochemistry, School of Laboratory Medicine & Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
| | - Anil A Chuturgoon
- Discipline of Medical Biochemistry, School of Laboratory Medicine & Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
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27
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Ghazi T, Nagiah S, Chuturgoon AA. Fusaric acid induces hepatic global m6A RNA methylation and differential expression of m6A regulatory genes in vivo - a pilot study. Epigenetics 2021; 17:695-703. [PMID: 34517792 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2021.1975937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is an abundant epitranscriptomic mark that regulates gene expression to execute cellular developmental programmes and environmental adaptation. Fusaric acid (FA) is a mycotoxin that contaminates agricultural foods and exerts toxicity in humans and animals; however, its epitranscriptomic effects are unclear. We investigated the effect of FA on global m6A RNA methylation and mRNA expression levels of key m6A regulatory genes in C57BL/6 mouse livers. C57BL/6 mice (n = 6/group) were orally administered 0.1 M phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) or 50 mg/kg FA. Mice were euthanized 24 h after oral administration, livers were harvested, and RNA was isolated. RNA samples were assayed for global m6A levels using an m6A RNA Methylation Quantification Kit. The mRNA expression of m6A regulators i.e. writers, erasers, and readers were measured by qRT-PCR. FA increased global m6A RNA methylation (p < 0.0001) in mouse livers. FA increased the expression of METTL3 (p = 0.0143) and METTL14 (p = 0.0281), and decreased the expression of FTO (p = 0.0036) and ALKBH5 (p = 0.0035). The expression of YTHDF2 (p = 0.0007), YTHDF3 (p = 0.0061), and YTHDC2 (p = 0.0258) were increased by FA in mouse livers. This study shows that the liver m6A epitranscriptome can be modified by FA exposure in an in vivo model and can be useful for identifying the molecular mechanisms whereby m6A RNA modifications influence the toxicological outcomes of FA exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terisha Ghazi
- Discipline of Medical Biochemistry, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Howard College Campus, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Savania Nagiah
- Discipline of Medical Biochemistry, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Howard College Campus, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Anil A Chuturgoon
- Discipline of Medical Biochemistry, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Howard College Campus, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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28
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Cross-Talk between Oxidative Stress and m 6A RNA Methylation in Cancer. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6545728. [PMID: 34484567 PMCID: PMC8416400 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6545728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a state of imbalance between oxidation and antioxidation. Excessive ROS levels are an important factor in tumor development. Damage stimulation and excessive activation of oncogenes cause elevated ROS production in cancer, accompanied by an increase in the antioxidant capacity to retain redox homeostasis in tumor cells at an increased level. Although moderate concentrations of ROS produced in cancer cells contribute to maintaining cell survival and cancer progression, massive ROS accumulation can exert toxicity, leading to cancer cell death. RNA modification is a posttranscriptional control mechanism that regulates gene expression and RNA metabolism, and m6A RNA methylation is the most common type of RNA modification in eukaryotes. m6A modifications can modulate cellular ROS levels through different mechanisms. It is worth noting that ROS signaling also plays a regulatory role in m6A modifications. In this review, we concluded the effects of m6A modification and oxidative stress on tumor biological functions. In particular, we discuss the interplay between oxidative stress and m6A modifications.
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29
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Research Progress on Fumonisin B1 Contamination and Toxicity: A Review. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26175238. [PMID: 34500671 PMCID: PMC8434385 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26175238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Fumonisin B1 (FB1), belonging to the member of fumonisins, is one of the most toxic mycotoxins produced mainly by Fusarium proliferatum and Fusarium verticillioide. FB1 has caused extensive contamination worldwide, mainly in corn, rice, wheat, and their products, while it also poses a health risk and is toxic to animals and human. It has been shown to cause oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, cellular autophagy, and apoptosis. This review focuses on the current stage of FB1 contamination, its toxic effects of acute toxicity, immunotoxicity, organ toxicity, and reproductive toxicity on animals and humans. The potential toxic mechanisms of FB1 are discussed. One of the main aims of the work is to provide a reliable reference strategy for understanding the occurrence and toxicity of FB1.
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